NO971150L - building elements - Google Patents
building elementsInfo
- Publication number
- NO971150L NO971150L NO971150A NO971150A NO971150L NO 971150 L NO971150 L NO 971150L NO 971150 A NO971150 A NO 971150A NO 971150 A NO971150 A NO 971150A NO 971150 L NO971150 L NO 971150L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- connecting pieces
- lattice
- building element
- longitudinal direction
- rod
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
- E04C3/09—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders at least partly of bent or otherwise deformed strip- or sheet-like material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
- B66C23/26—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail
- B66C23/28—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels
- B66C23/283—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail constructed to operate at successively higher levels with frameworks composed of assembled elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/64—Jibs
- B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
- E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
- E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
- E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
- E04C2003/0491—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in one single surface or in several parallel surfaces
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
Description
Den foreliggende oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte for å fremstille bygningselementer, så som gittermaster eller The present invention relates to a method for producing building elements, such as grid masts or
-dragere, samt et bygningselement fremstilt ved denne.-girders, as well as a building element produced by this.
Ved bruk av bjelker, dragere og master settes det i dag krav til en kombinasjon av styrke og lav vekt. En mye brukt løsning er for å oppnå denne kombinasjonen er basert på parvise kantdeler, også kalt gurt, sammenkoblet av mellom-deler, også kalt gitterstaver, som forløper i et sik-sak-spor i bygningselementets lengderetning. Disse, i utgangspunktet flate bygningselementene kan være satt sammen til langstrakte bygningselementer med tre- eller firkantet tverrsnitt. Eksempler på slike konstruksjoner kan for eksempel finnes på kraner og tilsvarende. Dette gir sterke og lette konstruksjoner, men er tidkrevende og kostbare i produksjon. When using beams, girders and masts, today requirements are set for a combination of strength and low weight. A widely used solution to achieve this combination is based on paired edge parts, also called girdles, connected by intermediate parts, also called lattice bars, which run in a zig-zag groove in the building element's longitudinal direction. These basically flat building elements can be assembled into elongated building elements with a wooden or square cross-section. Examples of such constructions can be found, for example, on cranes and the like. This provides strong and light constructions, but is time-consuming and expensive to produce.
Et eksempel på den kjente teknikk er vist i DE 1.261.300, som viser et antall gitterstaver plassert på skrå mellom to gurter og danner sammen to sik-sak-spor. Gitterstavene er plassert slik at de parvis krysser hverandre, og er festet til hverandre, midt mellom gurtene. Denne løsningen er svært tidkrevende å montere, og dermed kostbar. An example of the known technique is shown in DE 1,261,300, which shows a number of lattice rods placed obliquely between two girders and forming together two zig-zag tracks. The lattice bars are placed so that they cross each other in pairs, and are attached to each other, in the middle between the girts. This solution is very time-consuming to install, and thus expensive.
For mindre konstruksjoner er det kjent en annen løsning som tar utgangspunkt i en flat metall-profil, som regel omfattende fire rør forbundet med hverandre med et tynnere mellomparti. I tillegg kan metall-profilen omfatte forskjellige koblingsmekanismer i kantene for eventuell tilkobling til andre bygningselementer eller konstruksjoner. Bygningselementene lages ut fra profilen ved først å fjerne det meste av metallet i mellompartiene slik at rørene er periodisk forbundet med hverandre av et metallstykke. Denne utsparingen utføres slik at rørene i kantene er forbundet med sine respektive mellomliggende rør ved de samme, longitudinale, periodiske posisjonene, mens de mellomliggende rørene er forbundet med hverandre ved longitudinale posisjoner som ligger midt mellom de tilsvarende forbindelsespunktene mellom rørene i kantene og.de respektive mellomliggende rørene. På denne blir de mellomliggende rørene vekselvis forbundet med hverandre og med de respektive kant-rørene. Etter dette blir profilen festet i en benk og kantene trukket fra hverandre. Dette gir et bygningselement slik som vist i den vedlagte figur 1. For smaller constructions, another solution is known which is based on a flat metal profile, usually comprising four tubes connected to each other with a thinner middle section. In addition, the metal profile can include various connection mechanisms at the edges for possible connection to other building elements or constructions. The building elements are made from the profile by first removing most of the metal in the intermediate parts so that the pipes are periodically connected to each other by a piece of metal. This recess is made so that the pipes in the edges are connected to their respective intermediate pipes at the same, longitudinal, periodic positions, while the intermediate pipes are connected to each other at longitudinal positions which lie midway between the corresponding connection points between the pipes in the edges and the respective intermediate pipes. On this, the intermediate pipes are alternately connected to each other and to the respective edge pipes. After this, the profile is fixed in a bench and the edges are pulled apart. This gives a building element as shown in the attached figure 1.
En ulempe med den sistnevnte løsningen er at det er grenser for hvor mye metallet kan strekkes før det mister sin styrke, særlig fordi vinkelen med hvilken de mellomliggende rørene blir bøyd overstiger en viss grense. Vinkelen vil normalt begrense seg til ca 24°, noe som i sin tur, sammen med andre parametre, danner grenser for bygningselementenes bredde. Samtidig er bygningselementets stabilitet og styrke også gitt ved dets bredde. Det er derfor et behov for bygningselementer som er tilsvarende lette å produsere, men som også tillater en større bredde, ved at den nevnte vinkelen kan bli større. Det er et formål med denne oppfinnelsen å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte for å lage et slikt bygningselement, samt et bygningselement fremstilt med denne fremgangsmåten. A disadvantage of the latter solution is that there are limits to how much the metal can be stretched before it loses its strength, particularly because the angle with which the intermediate tubes are bent exceeds a certain limit. The angle will normally be limited to approx. 24°, which in turn, together with other parameters, forms limits for the width of the building elements. At the same time, the stability and strength of the building element is also given by its width. There is therefore a need for building elements which are similarly easy to produce, but which also allow a greater width, in that the aforementioned angle can be greater. It is an aim of this invention to provide a method for making such a building element, as well as a building element produced with this method.
Det ovennevnte formålet er oppnådd ved hjelp av en fremgangsmåte slik som angitt i det vedlagte krav 1, og et resulterende bygningselement, slik som angitt i krav 3. The above-mentioned purpose is achieved by means of a method as stated in the attached claim 1, and a resulting building element, as stated in claim 3.
Oppfinnelsen vil bli nærmere beskrevet nedenfor med henvisning til et konkret eksempel på en utførelse av oppfinelsen, med henvisning til de vedlagte figurene. Figur 1 viser et eksempel på et kjent bygningselement. Figur 2 viser et ferdig bygningselement laget ifølge The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to a concrete example of an embodiment of the invention, with reference to the attached figures. Figure 1 shows an example of a known building element. Figure 2 shows a finished building element made according to
oppfinnelsen.the invention.
Figurene 3A-D viser tverrsnitt av de enkelte delene som anvendes i bygningselementet. Figures 3A-D show cross-sections of the individual parts used in the building element.
Som nevnt viser figur 1 et bygningselement laget ifølge den kjente teknikk. Figur 2 viser et tilsvarende bygningselement laget ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelsen. Som det fremgår av tegningen gir denne løsningen en mulighet for en større vinkel mellom gitterstavene 2 og gurtene 1. As mentioned, figure 1 shows a building element made according to the known technique. Figure 2 shows a corresponding building element made according to the present invention. As can be seen from the drawing, this solution provides an opportunity for a larger angle between the lattice bars 2 and the girts 1.
Løsningen som er vist i figur 2 lages ved først å feste et antall koblings-stykker 3,4 til to parallelle, rette gitterstaver 2. Koblings-stykkene er av to typer der de andre koblings-stykkene 4 danner en kobling mellom gitterstavene, og de første koblings-stykkene 3 danner en kobling mellom en gitterstav 2 og en gurt 1. De første koblings-stykkene 3 plasseres i dette eksempelet parvis, slik at de parvis kan koble de respektive gitterstavene 2 til de tilhørende gurtene 1 ved samme posisjoner i lengderetningen. I denne figuren er bygningselementet vist med gurtene 1 påmontert. The solution shown in Figure 2 is made by first attaching a number of connecting pieces 3,4 to two parallel, straight lattice bars 2. The connecting pieces are of two types, where the other connecting pieces 4 form a connection between the lattice bars, and the the first connecting pieces 3 form a connection between a grid rod 2 and a belt 1. In this example, the first connecting pieces 3 are placed in pairs, so that they can couple the respective grid rods 2 to the associated belts 1 at the same positions in the longitudinal direction. In this figure, the building element is shown with the girders 1 attached.
Koblings-stykkene plasseres vekselvis og med lik avstand langs gitterstavene, slik at et andre koblings-stykke 4 ligger midt mellom to par med første koblings-stykker 3, som hver ligger på tilsvarende måte mellom to andre koblings-stykker 4. The connecting pieces are placed alternately and at equal distances along the lattice bars, so that a second connecting piece 4 lies in the middle between two pairs of first connecting pieces 3, each of which is located in a similar way between two other connecting pieces 4.
Koblings-stykkene festes i sine posisjoner på en hvilken som helst, i og for seg kjent, egnet måte, som ikke skal beskrives her. The coupling pieces are fixed in their positions in any, per se known, suitable manner, which shall not be described here.
Når koblings-stykkene 3,4 er plassert langs den ønskede lengden av gitterstavene plasseres de i en egnet benk, for-trinnsvis festet til de første koblings-stykkene 3, som er innrettet til å trekke parene av de første koblings-stykkene 3 fra hverandre. Hver av gitterstavene 2 bøyes dermed til en sik-sak-form mellom de andre og de første koblings-stykkene 3,4. Normalt vil denne operasjonen føre til at bygningselementet blir noe kortere enn de opprinnelige gitterstavene, noe som kan tas hensyn til i produksjonen. When the connecting pieces 3,4 are placed along the desired length of the lattice rods, they are placed in a suitable bench, preferably attached to the first connecting pieces 3, which is arranged to pull the pairs of the first connecting pieces 3 apart . Each of the grid rods 2 is thus bent into a zig-zag shape between the second and the first connecting pieces 3,4. Normally, this operation will cause the building element to be somewhat shorter than the original lattice bars, which can be taken into account in production.
Etter denne strekk-operasjonen kan gurtene 1 påmonteres og festes på egnet måte. Gurtene er vist i figuren som langstrakte profiler, noe som normalt vil være tilfellet ved produksjon av bjelker, dragere og andre bygningselementer. Det kan imidlertid også tenkes løsninger der gurtene har en annen utforming, slik som andre, tilsvarende bygningselementer eller vegger som skal påmonteres et sterkt og lett bygningselement. After this stretching operation, the belts 1 can be mounted and secured in a suitable manner. The girders are shown in the figure as elongated profiles, which would normally be the case in the production of beams, girders and other building elements. However, it is also possible to think of solutions where the girders have a different design, such as other, similar building elements or walls to which a strong and light building element is to be mounted.
Figurene 3A til 3D vises tverrsnitt av de enkelte profilene i en foretrukket utførelse av oppfinnelsen. Figur 3A viser et eksempel på en gurt 1 omfattende spor 9 for tilkobling til de første koblings-stykkene 3 og/eller til andre typer konstruksjoner. Profilen omfatter også en langsgående åpning med utragende kanter 5. Disse utgjør festeorganer for skruer eller lignende, slik at profilene, og dermed for eksempel kan festes til en fast konstruksjon. Den gjennomgående åpningen gjør dessuten konstruksjonen lettere. Figur 3B viser tverrsnittet av en gitterstav 2. Gitterstaven er tegnet med et åttekantet ytre snitt, noe som, ved samvirke med et koblings-stykke, kan hindre gitterstaven i å vri seg under strekk-operasjonen. Også gitterstaven 2 er forsynt med en gjennomgående åpning med festeorganer 5 for skruer. Figur 3C viser det første koblings-stykket 3 med en del 6 som er utformet for å kunne gå i inngrep med en tilsvarende utsparing i en gurt 1. Det viste første koblings-stykket har dessuten en åpning 7 for opptak av en gitterstav, med en form som tilsvarer gitterstavens 2 ytre form. Figures 3A to 3D show cross-sections of the individual profiles in a preferred embodiment of the invention. Figure 3A shows an example of a belt 1 comprising groove 9 for connection to the first connecting pieces 3 and/or to other types of constructions. The profile also includes a longitudinal opening with projecting edges 5. These constitute fastening means for screws or the like, so that the profiles can, for example, be attached to a fixed structure. The continuous opening also makes construction easier. Figure 3B shows the cross-section of a lattice rod 2. The lattice rod is drawn with an octagonal outer section, which, in cooperation with a connecting piece, can prevent the lattice rod from twisting during the stretching operation. The lattice rod 2 is also provided with a through opening with fastening means 5 for screws. Figure 3C shows the first coupling piece 3 with a part 6 which is designed to be able to engage with a corresponding recess in a belt 1. The first coupling piece shown also has an opening 7 for receiving a grid rod, with a shape that corresponds to the outer shape of the lattice rod 2.
Tilsvarende har det andre koblings-stykket som er vist i figur 3D to åpninger 8 for opptak av gitterstavene 2. Disse åpningene er også tilpasset gitterstavens ytre form. Correspondingly, the second connecting piece shown in Figure 3D has two openings 8 for receiving the grid rods 2. These openings are also adapted to the external shape of the grid rods.
En rekke andre utførelser av oppfinnelsen enn den som er vist i figurene er selsagt også mulig. En spesielt interes-sant variant omfatter kun én gitterstav med én type koblings-stykker plassert med lik avstand langs gitterstaven, eventuelt orientert vekselvis hver sin vei. I denne utførelsen vil gitterstaven danne en sik-sak-form mellom koblingspunktene til gurtene. Andre varienter med tre eller flere gitterstaver er selvsagt også mulig. A number of other embodiments of the invention than that shown in the figures are of course also possible. A particularly interesting variant comprises only one lattice rod with one type of connecting pieces placed at equal distances along the lattice rod, possibly oriented alternately in different directions. In this embodiment, the grid rod will form a zig-zag shape between the connection points of the girders. Other variants with three or more lattice bars are of course also possible.
De enkelte delene i bygningselementet kan formes i forskjellige typer materialer, for eksempel aluminium. Herding og andre egenskaper kan velges ut fra hensyn til det elementet som skal produseres, men fordi det kreves en relativt stor grad av deformasjon i gitterstavene kan disse fordelaktig være noe mykere enn koblings-stykkene. For styrken på det ferdige elementet kan det imidlertid være en fordel at koblings-stykkene deformeres noe, slik at gitterstavene blir festet tilstrekkelig til koblings-stykkene. The individual parts in the building element can be formed in different types of materials, for example aluminium. Hardening and other properties can be chosen based on consideration of the element to be produced, but because a relatively large degree of deformation is required in the lattice bars, these can advantageously be somewhat softer than the connecting pieces. For the strength of the finished element, however, it may be an advantage that the connecting pieces are deformed somewhat, so that the grid rods are sufficiently attached to the connecting pieces.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO971150A NO971150L (en) | 1997-03-12 | 1997-03-12 | building elements |
EP98104017A EP0864529A3 (en) | 1997-03-12 | 1998-03-06 | Building elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO971150A NO971150L (en) | 1997-03-12 | 1997-03-12 | building elements |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO971150D0 NO971150D0 (en) | 1997-03-12 |
NO971150L true NO971150L (en) | 1998-09-14 |
Family
ID=19900488
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO971150A NO971150L (en) | 1997-03-12 | 1997-03-12 | building elements |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0864529A3 (en) |
NO (1) | NO971150L (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE202004018403U1 (en) * | 2004-11-27 | 2005-01-27 | Franz Miederhoff Ohg | Carrier for mobile use |
NL1029406C2 (en) * | 2005-07-01 | 2007-01-04 | Itrec Bv | Module is for dismantlable hoisting crane and is couplable with other such modules to form hoisting crane arm |
WO2009035332A1 (en) * | 2007-09-10 | 2009-03-19 | Juralco As | Truss girder and method for constructing the same |
WO2010104396A1 (en) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-16 | Juralco As | Truss girder and method for constructing the same |
CN105544862A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-04 | 正太集团有限公司 | Splitting-type large-span steel truss |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2031765A (en) * | 1932-04-19 | 1936-02-25 | Thomas B Sturges | Metallic structural framework |
US1927443A (en) * | 1933-02-09 | 1933-09-19 | Charles W Laufle | Apparatus for expanding trussed beams |
US2464432A (en) * | 1944-11-13 | 1949-03-15 | American Steel & Wire Co | Method for securing fittings to wire structures |
US4892438A (en) * | 1988-12-30 | 1990-01-09 | Morrison Donald R | Screed construction and method |
DE4315779A1 (en) * | 1993-05-12 | 1994-11-17 | Bernd Klein | Load-bearing system, in particular for traffic equipment and signs |
-
1997
- 1997-03-12 NO NO971150A patent/NO971150L/en unknown
-
1998
- 1998-03-06 EP EP98104017A patent/EP0864529A3/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0864529A2 (en) | 1998-09-16 |
NO971150D0 (en) | 1997-03-12 |
EP0864529A3 (en) | 1999-11-03 |
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