NO832957L - PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A GASA MOSPHERE FOR ANGLING OF METALLIC WORKPIECES - Google Patents
PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A GASA MOSPHERE FOR ANGLING OF METALLIC WORKPIECESInfo
- Publication number
- NO832957L NO832957L NO832957A NO832957A NO832957L NO 832957 L NO832957 L NO 832957L NO 832957 A NO832957 A NO 832957A NO 832957 A NO832957 A NO 832957A NO 832957 L NO832957 L NO 832957L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- nitrogen
- annealing
- hydrogen
- ammonia
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CVTZKFWZDBJAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].N Chemical compound [N].N CVTZKFWZDBJAHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silver Chemical compound [Ni].[Ag] MOFOBJHOKRNACT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010956 nickel silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/76—Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Phase Diffusion Into Metallic Material Surfaces (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte ved fremstillingThe invention relates to a method for manufacturing
av en nitrogen- og hydrogenholdig gassatmosfære for gløding av metalliske arbeidsstykker i en ovn. of a nitrogen- and hydrogen-containing gas atmosphere for annealing metallic workpieces in a furnace.
For gløding av arbeidsstykker, f.eks. for blankgløding, rekrystalliseringsgløding eller spenningsfri gløding etc, anvendes foruten EXO-gass som beskyttelsesgass vanligvis en gassblanding som består av en inertgass, som nitrogen, og en reduserende gass, som hydrogen. Nitrogen-hydrogen-gass-blandinger vil bli vanligvis fremstilt ved én av de to følgende fremgangsmåter: Ved den ene fremgangsmåte fremstilles en nitrogen-hydrogen-blanding ved spaltning av ammoniakk i en spaltningsgassgenerator. Ammoniakkspaltningsgassen fremstilles ved at ammoniakk i generatoren ledes over en nikkelkatalysator som er oppvarmet til ca. 9 00°C. Derved fås en gassblanding som består av 75 volum% hydrogen og 25 volum% nitrogen. For en rekke anvendelsesformål er en slik høy andel av hydrogen ikke nødvendig. Av denne grunn blir gassblandingen som fremstilles i spaltningsgassgeneratoren, ofte fortynnet ved tilblanding av nitrogen. Anskaffelsen og vedlikeholdet av spaltnings-gassgeneratorer er imidlertid meget kostbart. For annealing workpieces, e.g. for bright annealing, recrystallization annealing or voltage-free annealing, etc., in addition to EXO gas as shielding gas, a gas mixture consisting of an inert gas, such as nitrogen, and a reducing gas, such as hydrogen, is usually used. Nitrogen-hydrogen-gas mixtures will usually be produced by one of the following two methods: In one method, a nitrogen-hydrogen mixture is produced by splitting ammonia in a cracking gas generator. The ammonia splitting gas is produced by passing ammonia in the generator over a nickel catalyst that is heated to approx. 900°C. This results in a gas mixture consisting of 75% hydrogen by volume and 25% nitrogen by volume. For a number of applications, such a high proportion of hydrogen is not necessary. For this reason, the gas mixture produced in the fission gas generator is often diluted by adding nitrogen. However, the acquisition and maintenance of fission gas generators is very expensive.
Det er unødvendig å anvende en generator ved den annen fremgangsmåte som hittil er blitt anvendt for fremstilling av nitrogen-hydrogen-gassblandingen. Nitrogen og hydrogen blir da lagret i lagringsbeholdere, blandet med hverandre i det nødvendige mengdeforhold i gassformig tilstand og blandingen ledes inn i ovnens innvendige rom. Nitrogen kan i dette tilfelle lagres i gassformig eller flytende tilstand alt efter forbruket. Ved denne fremgangsmåte kan mengdeforholdet mellom nitrogen og hydrogen i blandingen riktignok varieres efter ønske' (som regel velges en hydrogenandel av mellom 2 og 30 volum%), men hydrogen som leveransegass er forholdsvis kostbart . It is unnecessary to use a generator in the other method that has been used up to now for the production of the nitrogen-hydrogen gas mixture. Nitrogen and hydrogen are then stored in storage containers, mixed with each other in the required quantity ratio in a gaseous state and the mixture is led into the interior of the furnace. In this case, nitrogen can be stored in a gaseous or liquid state, depending on consumption. In this method, the quantity ratio between nitrogen and hydrogen in the mixture can of course be varied as desired (as a rule, a hydrogen proportion of between 2 and 30% by volume is chosen), but hydrogen as a delivery gas is relatively expensive.
Det tas derfor ved oppfinnelsen sikte på å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte for på enkel og økonomisk måte å kunne frem-stille en nitrogen- og hydrogenholdig gassblanding for gløding av arbeidsstykker i en ovn. The invention therefore aims to provide a method for producing a nitrogen- and hydrogen-containing gas mixture for annealing workpieces in a furnace in a simple and economical way.
Denne oppgave løses ifølge oppfinnelsen ved at en gass blanding som består av en inertgass og ammoniakk, ledes inn i ovnens innvendige rom som før gassblandingen ledes inn, oppvarmes til en temperatur som er tilstrekkelig for katalytisk å spalte ammoniakken. This task is solved according to the invention by introducing a gas mixture consisting of an inert gas and ammonia into the interior of the oven, which, before the gas mixture is introduced, is heated to a temperature sufficient to catalytically decompose the ammonia.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen er hverken en spaltningsgassgenerator eller levering hhv. lagring av hydrogen nødvendig. Den foreliggende fremgangsmåte er basert på den erkjennelse According to the invention, neither a fission gas generator nor the delivery or storage of hydrogen required. The present method is based on that realization
at i en glødeovns innvendige rom blir ammoniakken spaltet katalytisk til nitrogen og hydrogen, og på denne måte kan sammen med ytterligere tilført nitrogen en gassblanding dannes i ovnen som er egnet for glødebehandling av arbeidsstykker. Ovnene som anvendes for glødingen, inneholder byggedeler som ved en egnet temperatur bevirker en katalytisk spaltning av ammoniakk. Slike byggedeler som vanligvis er laget av krom-nikkel-stål, er f.eks. ovnsmuffelen eller transportbåndet. Dermed foreligger en katalysatorflate i ovnens innvendige rom som er tilstrekkelig stor til at ammoniakken vil spaltes. Ved den foreliggende fremgangsmåte anvendes derfor selve ovnen som gassgenerator. that in the inner space of an annealing furnace, the ammonia is split catalytically into nitrogen and hydrogen, and in this way, together with further added nitrogen, a gas mixture can be formed in the furnace which is suitable for annealing treatment of workpieces. The ovens used for the annealing contain components which, at a suitable temperature, cause a catalytic decomposition of ammonia. Such building parts, which are usually made of chrome-nickel steel, are e.g. the furnace muffle or the conveyor belt. There is thus a catalyst surface in the oven's interior that is sufficiently large for the ammonia to decompose. In the present method, the oven itself is therefore used as a gas generator.
Ved den foreliggende fremgangsmåte kan i varmebehandlings-ovnen en nitrogen-hydrogen-blanding tilveiebringes som er mer prisgunstig enn en gassblanding som fremstilles i en spaltningsgassgenerator eller ved å blande de enkeltvis lagrede gasser med hverandre. With the present method, a nitrogen-hydrogen mixture can be provided in the heat treatment furnace which is more cost-effective than a gas mixture which is produced in a fission gas generator or by mixing the individually stored gases with each other.
Andelen av ammoniakken i ammoniakk-nitrogen-blandingen kan på grunnlag av det kjente mengdeforhold i spaltnings-gassen lett reguleres og retter seg efter det ønskede hydrogen-innhold i glødeovnsatmosfæren. The proportion of ammonia in the ammonia-nitrogen mixture can be easily regulated on the basis of the known quantity ratio in the fission gas and follows the desired hydrogen content in the annealing furnace atmosphere.
Dersom de deler av ovnen som bevirker den katalytiske spaltning, består av krom-nikkelstål, blir ovnens innvendige rom ved den foreliggende fremgangsmåte oppvarmet til en temperatur over 500°C. If the parts of the furnace that cause the catalytic decomposition consist of chrome-nickel steel, the interior of the furnace is heated to a temperature above 500°C in the present method.
På grunn av at det er lett tilgjengelig og dessuten forholdsvis rimelig, anvendes med fordel nitrogen som inertgass da dette dessuten er enkelt å lagre. Due to the fact that it is easily available and also relatively inexpensive, nitrogen is advantageously used as an inert gas as this is also easy to store.
Ifølge en fordelaktig utførelsesform av oppfinnelsenAccording to an advantageous embodiment of the invention
som gjør det mulig å foreta en oppkullingsnøytral gløding av arbeidsstykker, blir en gass som består av hydrocarboner, which makes it possible to carry out a carburization-neutral annealing of workpieces, becomes a gas consisting of hydrocarbons,
f.eks. jordgass eller propan, ledet inn i ovnen foruten nitrogen-ammoniakk-blandingen. e.g. natural gas or propane, introduced into the furnace in addition to the nitrogen-ammonia mixture.
Den foreliggende fremgangsmåte lar seg spesielt fordelaktig anvende for gløding av krom-nikkelstål da gløde-godset i dette tilfelle selv virker som katalysator for spaltningen av ammoniakken. Den foreliggende fremgangsmåte kan imidlertid også anvendes for gløding av andre stål-kvaliteter Dg for gløding av ikke-jernmetaller, som f.eks. for gløding av deler av nysølv. The present method can be particularly advantageously used for annealing chrome-nickel steel, as the annealed material in this case itself acts as a catalyst for the decomposition of the ammonia. However, the present method can also be used for annealing other steel qualities Dg for annealing non-ferrous metals, such as e.g. for annealing parts of nickel silver.
En ytterligere gunstig anvendelse av den foreliggende fremgangsmåte er for isoterm gløding av senkesmiingsdeler eller av grått støpejern (GG), sfæroidalt støpejern (GGG), stålgods (GGS) eller aduserjern (GGT). A further beneficial application of the present method is for isothermal annealing of drop forged parts or of gray cast iron (GG), spheroidal cast iron (GGG), steel goods (GGS) or aduser iron (GGT).
Den foreliggende fremgangsmåte kan imidlertid også anvendes for gløding av andre materialer som må glødes reduserende ved en temperatur over 500°C. However, the present method can also be used for annealing other materials which must be annealed reducing at a temperature above 500°C.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823230723 DE3230723A1 (en) | 1982-08-18 | 1982-08-18 | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A GAS ATMOSPHERE FOR THE GLOWING OF METAL WORKPIECES |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO832957L true NO832957L (en) | 1984-02-20 |
Family
ID=6171137
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO832957A NO832957L (en) | 1982-08-18 | 1983-08-17 | PROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A GASA MOSPHERE FOR ANGLING OF METALLIC WORKPIECES |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0106961B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT376703B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU1796983A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8301377A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3230723A1 (en) |
| NO (1) | NO832957L (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA836052B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3440876A1 (en) * | 1984-11-08 | 1986-05-15 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING A PROTECTIVE GAS ATMOSPHERE |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE644980C (en) * | 1930-12-20 | 1937-05-19 | Benno Schilde Maschb Akt Ges | Process for bright annealing of elongated work material made of metals and furnace to carry out the process |
| DE1533964B2 (en) * | 1967-03-23 | 1975-11-13 | Deutsche Gold- Und Silber-Scheideanstalt Vormals Roessler, 6000 Frankfurt | Oven for surface treatment of workpieces in protective or carrier gas |
| DE2017540C3 (en) * | 1970-04-13 | 1973-01-04 | Varta Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Method and device for splitting ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen |
| GB1471880A (en) * | 1973-10-26 | 1977-04-27 | Air Prod & Chem | Furnace atmosphere for the heat treatment of ferrous metal |
| US4049472A (en) * | 1975-12-22 | 1977-09-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Atmosphere compositions and methods of using same for surface treating ferrous metals |
| DE2617962A1 (en) * | 1976-04-24 | 1977-11-10 | Eschweiler Bergwerksverein | Protective atmospheres for heat treatment of metals - using mixt. of liq. nitrogen and hydrogen gas to eliminate need for gas generators |
| GB1575342A (en) * | 1977-04-27 | 1980-09-17 | Air Prod & Chem | Production of furnace atmospheres for the heat treatment of ferrous metals |
-
1982
- 1982-08-18 DE DE19823230723 patent/DE3230723A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1982-12-20 AT AT0460482A patent/AT376703B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-03-18 BR BR8301377A patent/BR8301377A/en unknown
- 1983-08-12 DE DE8383108017T patent/DE3362186D1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-12 EP EP83108017A patent/EP0106961B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-08-15 AU AU17969/83A patent/AU1796983A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1983-08-17 NO NO832957A patent/NO832957L/en unknown
- 1983-08-17 ZA ZA836052A patent/ZA836052B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0106961A1 (en) | 1984-05-02 |
| EP0106961B1 (en) | 1986-02-19 |
| DE3362186D1 (en) | 1986-03-27 |
| DE3230723A1 (en) | 1984-02-23 |
| ATA460482A (en) | 1984-05-15 |
| BR8301377A (en) | 1984-04-17 |
| ZA836052B (en) | 1984-04-25 |
| AT376703B (en) | 1984-12-27 |
| AU1796983A (en) | 1984-02-23 |
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