NO810698L - LAUNDRY AND CLEANER. - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to washing and cleaning agents

with 2-20% by weight of at least one surfactant, 5-30% by weight of a sodium aluminum silicate and 5-24% by weight of an alkaline phosphate as a detergent builder, as well as with 30-80% by weight of washing aids, as the agent is characterized in that it additionally has 3-4-0 weight$ of at least one compound selected from the derivatives of hydroxyl:amine disulfonic acid of formula

Derivatives of nitridesulfonic acid of formula and derivatives of imidosulfonic acid of formula

as a detergent builder, where M' means an H, Na or K atom or the NH4, group and M means a Na or K atom or the NH^ group.

Washing and cleaning agents are preferably characterized by the combination of compounds according to b) and c). For example, it is possible to use combinations of 10 - 30 wt% b) and 90 - 70 wt% c) or also 70 - 90 wt% b)

and 30 - 10% by weight c). M and M' preferably mean sodium atoms.

It is known that by combining detergent building materials with soaps and synthetic detergents (surfactants) an improvement is achieved with regard to cleaning effect and/or whiteness maintenance compared to the sole use of soaps or detergents (surfactants).

The mechanism of action of detergent building materials

is not yet completely clear, so that it is not possible with a principled advance statement which connection types could be suitable for this.

Due to the majority of individual effects which together contribute to the strengthening of the washing power of synthetic detergents (surfactants), according to the knowledge available today, a detergent builder must be able to: 1. bind water hardness generators such as calcium and magnesium ions, 2. to disperse pigment dirt particles as the main component of the washing dirt in the washing bath, 3. to stabilize released dirt in the washing bath to avoid a new attraction of dirt particles on

the fibers,

4. to reduce surfactant adsorption on the fibres.

In order to obtain information about the performance and properties of certain products such as detergent builders, their ratio and their effectiveness during the washing process are appropriately determined. This ensures that all factors involved in the building material effect are qualitatively and quantitatively taken into account.

Known detergent builders are alkali phosphates and polyphosphates, but also in the water-insoluble sodium aluminum silicates (Zeolite A and X). Within the framework of the invention, sodium tripolyphosphate is preferably used as alkali phosphate, which among detergent builders occupies a preferred position, as it fulfills all the above-mentioned conditions as it appears in combination with detergents (surfactants) with regard to the synergistic effects of the washing action. Consequently, sodium raw polyphosphates today form the most important detergent builders in all fine, coarse and color detergents. The content of this building material in known detergents is in the range of 25 - 65% by weight and in the case of cleaning agents even up to 90% by weight.

Due to the considerable increase in consumption of phosphate-containing detergents and cleaning agents both in the household and also in industry, the content of these phosphates in natural water has increased. In the discussion about the reason for the increased water eutrophication, in recent times the water-soluble phosphate salts were attributed the property of promoting the growth of certain types of algae under certain conditions and thus contributing to the eutrophication of water whereby the water's oxygen balance is destroyed considerably. Therefore, attempts are being made from various sides to develop phosphates in replacement substances

for the detergent builder used until now in detergent formulations is or by combination of. alkali polyph o sph aters

with suitable other detergent builders and achieve a reduction in the overall phosphorus content of the detergent formulation. Well-known 1 detergents are also the detergents according to the invention which contain various washing aids which are often also considered detergent builders, e.g. e.g. alkali carbonates, borates, bicarbonates, silicates, nitrilotriacetic acid, citric acid, oxydiacetic acid (H00C-CH2-0-CH2-C00H), oxysuccinic acid, 1, 2, 3» 4--cyclopentanetetracarboxylic acid, polyacrylic acid, polymaleic acid.

The above-mentioned substances and also the zeolites have not proven to be satisfactory in all respects as they either show a too strong complex formation with heavy metals and transition metals, whereby the method of direct sequestration or subsequent remobilization of the river sediment enriches heavy metals in the surface water and thereby can enter drinking water -water or as it does not sufficiently have the initially mentioned properties expected of good detergent building materials and thereby does not provide any satisfactory washing results. Moreover, there is a partial lack of economic methods for the production of these compounds.

DE-PS 2545611 proposes the use of "imidobisulphates" with the general formula (MSO^^NM<1>,

wherein M means an alkali or ammonium cation and M' means

a hydrogen atom or an alkali or ammonium cation is proposed as a detergent builder. However, the correct designation is imidosulfonate, a substance which under formula c) can also be a component of the present washing and cleaning agent according to the invention. It is admittedly claimed in column 8 of the above-mentioned German patent, without further proof, that trisodium imidobisulphate should give practically the same detergent

effect as sodium tripolyphosphate, however, it appears from the inventor's own comparison and research (comp., following examples 1 and 6) that the addition of trisodium disulfonate to a sodium tripolyphosphate-containing but zeolite-free detergent mixture hardly improves its cleaning power .

Furthermore, DAS 2412837 proposes washing and bleaching agents for textiles in which part of the sodium tripolyphosphate has been replaced with sodium aluminum silicates. Such detergents (cf. the following examples 2 and 3) have, according to those equipped with the above-mentioned imidosulfonates (cf. the following examples 4 and 6), a better washing power. However, the sodium aluminum silicates are also not the optimal solution for a detergent builder as they only have an insufficient dispersing effect and a moderate complexing ability in the washing process.

The task of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the known building material combinations, i.e. to find combinations which are not only more effective in their washing power, but which can also be produced on the basis of readily available raw products.

It was now surprisingly found that this requirement is met when the detergent and cleaning agent, in addition to the usual surfactants and washing aids, contains a building material combination of alkali phosphates, sodium aluminum silicates and at least one compound of a derivative of hydroxylamine disulfonic acid, nitridosulfonic acid and/or imidosulfonic acid corresponding to the initially listed formulas according to a),

b) and c).

The washing and cleaning agent according to the invention

contains as surfactants preferably those of an anionic, zwitterionic (ampholitic) or nonionic nature.

Among anionic surfactants are to be understood the water-soluble salts of higher fatty acids or resin acids, such as sodium or potassium soaps from coconut, palm kernel or beet oil as well as from talc or mixtures thereof. This also includes higher alkyl-substituted aromatic sulphonates such as alkylbenzene sulphonates with 9 to 14 C atoms in the alkyl residue, alkyl naphthalene sulphonates, alkyl toluene sulphonates, alkyl xylene sulphonates or alkylphenol sulphonates, fatty alcohol sulphates (R-CH^-0-SO^Na,, R = C11_1?) or fatty alcohol ether sulfates, such as alkali lauryl sulfate or alkali hexadecyl sulfate, triethanolamine lauryl sulfate, sodium or potassium oleyl sulfate, sodium or potassium salts of with 2 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide ethoxylated lauryl sulfate. Further suitable anionic surfactants are secondary linear alkane sulfonates such as α-olefin sulfonates with a chain length of 12 - 20 C atoms.

Among non-ionic surfactants is to understand such compounds which have an organic hydrophobic group, as well as a hydrophilic residue, e.g. condensation products of alkyl phenols or higher fatty alcohols with ethylene oxide, the condensation products of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, the condensation products of ethylene oxide with the reaction product of ethylenediamine and propylene oxide,

as well as long-chain tertiary amine oxides

Finally, surfactants with a zwitterionic æk-(ampholitic) character include the following compounds: Derivatives of aliphatic, secondary and tertiary amines or quaternary ammonium compounds with 8 to 18 C atoms and a hydrophilic group in the aliphatic residue, such as e.g. sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropanesulfonate, 3(N,N-dimethyl-N-hexadecylamino)-propane-1-sulfonate or fatty acid aminoalkyl-N,N-dimethylacetobetaine, the fatty acids containing 8 to 18 C atoms and the alkyl residue 1-3 C atoms.

A practically suitable detergent formulation according to the invention contains, for example, dodecylbenzene sulphonate, hardened tallow soap and/or ethoxylated tallow fatty alcohol with 12 mol equivalents of ethylene oxide as a surfactant.

Washing aids according to the invention include products such as alkali or ammonium salts of sulfuric acid, silicic acid, carbonic acid, boric acid, alkylene-, hydroxyalkylene- or aminoalkylenephosphonic acid as well as bleaching agents, stabilizers for peroxide compounds (bleaching agents) and water-soluble organic complex formers.

In detail, it belongs to the bleaching agents sodium perborate mono- or tetrahydrate, the alkali salts of peroxomono- or peroxydisulfuric acid, the alkali salts of peroxodiphosphoric acid (H^P20g). As a stabilizer for these bleaches, e.g. water-soluble precipitated magnesium silicate. Organic complexing agents are the alkali salts of iminodiacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, methylenediphosphonic acid, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid, and nitrilotrismethylenephosphonic acid.

Washing aids that increase the dirt carrying capacity of the wash baths such as carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl starch, methyl cellulose or copolymers of maleic anhydride with methyl vinyl ether, foam regulators such as mono- and dialkyl phosphoric acid esters with 16 to 20 C atoms in the alkyl residue as well as optical brighteners, disinfectants and/or proteolytic enzymes can also be used be additional components of washing

and the cleaning agent.

Examples.

The effect of the building material combination according to the invention was determined by washing tests. Sample series of their comparison experiments were reproduced in Tables 1 and 2.

The washing tests were carried out with a standard cotton fabric with Krefeld soiling in a launderometer at a washing bath temperature of 95°C. The standard fabric with Krefeld soiling is defined in the book by Kurt Lindner "Tenside, Textilhilfsmittel, Waschrohstoffe", Wissenschafti. Verlagsgesellschaft Stuttgart (1964), Volume II, page 1837.

The wash water had 18°dH and a pH value of 10,

which was adjusted by adding caustic soda to the washing bath. The washing time was 30 minutes, and the bathing conditions characterized by the ratio between (kg) laundry and (litres)

wash bath, amounted to 1:25 in the presence of 10 steel balls. The detergent dosage amounted to 5.0 g/litre in all trials.

The detergent had the following basic composition in all tests:

After the expiration of the prescribed washing time, the standard cotton fabric was rinsed once hot and once cold, with water of the same hardness, and then the degree of whiteness was measured with the RFC3 color measuring device from the company Zeiss at 530 nm. The washing power of the washing machine was determined according to the difference method, as shown in the following equation:

herein means

% WK = % washing power

% WG g= % whiteness content of the washed fabric % WG^= % whiteness content of unwashed fabric.

The results obtained in these experiments are also shown in tables 1 and 2.

When comparing the washing power in the tables

1 and 2 it can be seen that the detergent according to the invention achieves a higher degree of whiteness compared to the known preparations.

Claims (2)

1. Washing-pg cleaning agent with 2-20% by weight of at least one surfactant, 5-30% by weight of a sodium aluminum silicate and 5-24% by weight of an alkali phosphate as a detergent-building substance, as well as with 30-80% by weight of washing aids character -- ; served by a content of additionally 3-4-0% by weight of at least one compound selected from derivatives of hydroxylamine disulfonic acid with the formula Derivatives of nitridosulfonic acid with formula and derivatives of imidosulfonic acid with formula as detergent builder, where M' means an H, Na or K atom or the NH^ group and.MM means a Na or K atom or the NH^ group. 2. Detergent and cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized by a combination of compounds according to b) and c).