NO793832L

NO793832L - HYDRAULIC MACHINE.

Info

Publication number: NO793832L
Application number: NO793832A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Gerald Vullioud
Original assignee: Charmilles Sa Ateliers
Priority date: 1978-11-28
Filing date: 1979-11-26
Publication date: 1980-05-29
Also published as: GB2034826A; BE880133A; PT70506A; BR7907652A; NL7908130A; AT363403B; ATA736379A; ES486033A1; AU5320679A; DD147392A5; IT1119539B; IT7969291A0; AU524876B2; PL219817A1; AR218176A1; SE7909772L; JPS5575573A; FI793498A; CH626138A5; GB2034826B

Description

Det er kjent hydrauliske maskiner som omfatter en reaksjonsturbin og en pumpe anordnet for samme rota-sjonsretning, idet turbinhjulet og pumpehjulet er festet til en felles aksel, med. innløpsåpninger i mot-satte retninger. Slike maskiner er kjent under navnet : " Isogyre " , og omfatter en spiralkanal som er tilkoblet henholdvis en fordeler for turbinen og en diffusor for pumpen. Slike pumper er beskrevet i de sveitsiske patenter nr. 335.293, 392.421 og 560.323. Hydraulic machines are known which comprise a reaction turbine and a pump arranged for the same direction of rotation, the turbine wheel and the pump wheel being attached to a common shaft, with. inlet openings in opposite directions. Such machines are known under the name: "Isogyre", and comprise a spiral duct which is connected respectively to a distributor for the turbine and a diffuser for the pump. Such pumps are described in Swiss Patent Nos. 335,293, 392,421 and 560,323.

For innstallasjoner beregnet for store fallhøyder,For installations intended for large drop heights,

i størrelsen 600-1500 m, er det vanskelig å tilpasse den optimale hastighet for hjulet i reaksjonsturbinen til den optimale hastighet for hjulet eller hjulene til pumpen i en slik maskin, på en slik måte at den felles aksel har en rotasjonshastighet som er optimal både for pumping og turbindrift. in the size 600-1500 m, it is difficult to adapt the optimum speed of the wheel in the reaction turbine to the optimum speed of the wheel or wheels of the pump in such a machine, in such a way that the common shaft has a rotational speed which is optimum both for pumping and turbine operation.

Derimot er det funnet at dette er mulig dersom reaksjon-turbinen erstattes med en aksjonsturbin, f.eks. en peltonturbin. In contrast, it has been found that this is possible if the reaction turbine is replaced with an action turbine, e.g. a pelton turbine.

Formålet med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å 7 komme frem til en hydraulisk maskin som omfatter en peltonturbin og en pumpe anordnet for felles rotasjon, idet turbinhjulet og pumpehjulet er festet til en felles aksel, og maskinen kjennetegnes ved at difffusoren for pumpen er tilkoblet en samleledning som samtidig'.utgjør fordeler for turbinen. The purpose of the present invention is to arrive at a hydraulic machine comprising a pelton turbine and a pump arranged for joint rotation, the turbine wheel and the pump wheel being attached to a common shaft, and the machine is characterized by the fact that the diffuser for the pump is connected to a collecting line which at the same time'.constitute advantages for the turbine.

Oppfinnelsen skal i det følgende beskrives nærmere,The invention shall be described in more detail below,

under henvisning til de vedføyde tegninger, som viser skjematiske utførelseseksempler av en hydraiiisk maskin i henhold til oppfinnelsen. Fig. 1 viser et aksialsnitt gjennom en første utførelses-f orm. Fig. 2-4 viser andre utførelsesformer av oppfinnelsen. with reference to the attached drawings, which show schematic examples of a hydraulic machine according to the invention. Fig. 1 shows an axial section through a first embodiment. Fig. 2-4 show other embodiments of the invention.

Den hydrauliske maskin vist i fig. 1 omfatter en generator 1 montert koaksialt med en vertikal aksel 2 som hjulet 3 til en peltonturbin og hjulene 4 og 5 til en totrinnspumpe er festet til. Dysene 6 og 7 for turbinen er på i og for seg kjent måte tilkoblet en fordeler 8 anordnet i plan med turbinhjulet 3. Fordeleren 8 er tilkobleten. trykkledning, på i og for seg kjent måte. Rommet 9 for turbinhjulet 3 er utstyrt med en pneumatisk ledning 10 som gjør det mulig å holde nivået for vannet som bortledes gjennom kanalen 11 under turbinhjulet 3. The hydraulic machine shown in fig. 1 comprises a generator 1 mounted coaxially with a vertical shaft 2 to which the wheel 3 of a pelton turbine and the wheels 4 and 5 of a two-stage pump are attached. The nozzles 6 and 7 for the turbine are connected in a manner known per se to a distributor 8 arranged flush with the turbine wheel 3. The distributor 8 is connected. pressure line, in a manner known per se. The room 9 for the turbine wheel 3 is equipped with a pneumatic line 10 which makes it possible to maintain the level of the water which is led away through the channel 11 under the turbine wheel 3.

Diffusoren for den øvre pumpe er tilkoblet fordeleren 8 for turbinen ved hjelp av kanaler 12, og et forskyvbart spj^éld 13 er anordnet på høyde med diffusoren, slik at det kan stenges for tilførsel av vann fra pumpen gjennom disse kanaler, når spjeldet 13 er stengt. Innsuget 14 for pumpen munner ut i en mottrykkskanal 15. Når således den hydrauliske maskin arbeider som turbin, befinner spjeldet 13 seg i en stilling der kanalene 12 stenges, ventilen 16 for tilførsel av vann til innsuget 14 for pumpen er lukket, og vann som befinner seg i denne evakueres. Ventilene i tilførselen (ikke vist) til dysene 6 og 7 er åpne, og vannstråler strømmer ut av dysene og treffer det roterende peltonhjulet 3. Generatoren 1 produserer elektrisk energi, idet dens rotor drives rundt av akselen 2 for hjulet 3. The diffuser for the upper pump is connected to the distributor 8 for the turbine by means of channels 12, and a displaceable damper 13 is arranged at the height of the diffuser, so that it can be closed for the supply of water from the pump through these channels, when the damper 13 is closed. The suction 14 for the pump opens into a back pressure channel 15. When the hydraulic machine thus works as a turbine, the damper 13 is in a position where the channels 12 are closed, the valve 16 for supplying water to the suction 14 for the pump is closed, and water that is himself in this is evacuated. The valves in the supply (not shown) to the nozzles 6 and 7 are open, and jets of water flow out of the nozzles and strike the rotating pelton wheel 3. The generator 1 produces electrical energy, its rotor being driven around by the shaft 2 of the wheel 3.

Når det er ønskelig å veksle fra turbindrift til pumpedrift, trengs det bare å avbryte vanntilførselen til dysene 6 og 7, å åpne innløpsventilen 6 til innsuget 14 for pumpen samt spjeldet 13, og å tilføre generatoren elektrisk strøm slik at den virker som motor. Hjulene 4 og 5 for pumpen drives derved i rotasjon, på samme måte som ved drift av turbinen. Pumpehjulene driver vannet i mottrykkskanalen tilbake til fordeleren 8 for When it is desired to switch from turbine operation to pump operation, it is only necessary to interrupt the water supply to the nozzles 6 and 7, to open the inlet valve 6 to the suction 14 for the pump as well as the damper 13, and to supply the generator with electric current so that it acts as a motor. The wheels 4 and 5 for the pump are thereby driven in rotation, in the same way as when operating the turbine. The impellers drive the water in the back pressure channel back to the distributor 8 for

turbinen og inn i trykkledningen..the turbine and into the pressure line..

Rommet 9 for turbinhjulet kan settes under pneumatisk trykk, både under turbindrift og pumpedrift, for å senkevanh-nivået i kanalen 11 under nivået for turbinhjulet 3. Dette pneumatiske trykk har selvfølgelig ingen hensikt dersomvaian-nivået er på høyde med kanalen 11. The room 9 for the turbine wheel can be put under pneumatic pressure, both during turbine operation and pump operation, in order to lower the vaian level in the channel 11 below the level of the turbine wheel 3. This pneumatic pressure is of course of no use if the vaian level is at the level of the channel 11.

I så fall kan det imidlertid bli nødvendig å montere en hjelpepumpe i mottrykkskanalen 15, for å sikre vanntil-førsel til pumpen under tilstrekkelig trykk for pumpingen. In that case, however, it may be necessary to fit an auxiliary pump in the back pressure channel 15, to ensure water supply to the pump under sufficient pressure for pumping.

I henhold til en annen utførelsesform vist i fig. 2 er pumpehjulene 4 og 5 montert på akselen 2 over turbinhjulet 3. According to another embodiment shown in fig. 2, the impellers 4 and 5 are mounted on the shaft 2 above the turbine wheel 3.

I henhold til en utførelsesform vist i fig. 3 utgjøres fordeleren for turbinen 3 av spiralkanalen for pumpen, According to an embodiment shown in fig. 3, the distributor for the turbine 3 is formed by the spiral channel for the pump,

og dysene 6 og 7 er tilkoblet ved hjelp av mellom-liggende kanaler 18. and the nozzles 6 and 7 are connected by means of intermediate channels 18.

I henhold til en utførelsesform vist i fig. 4 er turbinhjulet 3.anordnet over pumpehjulene 4.og 5, og fordeleren 8 for turbinen er erstattet av en spiralkanal 19 som befinner seg i et plan mellom turbinhjulet 3 og pumpehjulene 4 og 5. Diffusoren for det øvre pumpehjul 4 er tilkoblet kanaler 12, og dysene 6 og 7 for turbinen er tilkoblet kanaler 18. According to an embodiment shown in fig. 4, the turbine wheel 3 is arranged above the pump wheels 4 and 5, and the distributor 8 for the turbine is replaced by a spiral channel 19 which is located in a plane between the turbine wheel 3 and the pump wheels 4 and 5. The diffuser for the upper pump wheel 4 is connected to channels 12, and nozzles 6 and 7 for the turbine are connected to ducts 18.

Det kan tenkes forskjellige konstruktive variasjonerVarious constructive variations are conceivable

i forhold til de beskrevne og viste utførelsesformer.in relation to the described and shown embodiments.

F. eks. kan peltonturbinen ha horisontal aksel, og gene.-r ratoren samt pumpene kan være festet til denne horisontale aksel. For example the pelton turbine can have a horizontal shaft, and the generator and the pumps can be attached to this horizontal shaft.

Claims

1. Hydraulic machine comprising a pelton turbine and a pump arranged for joint rotation, the turbine wheel (3) and the wheel or wheels (4, 5) for the pump being attached to a common shaft (2), characterized in that the diffuser for the pump is connected to a collecting line which at the same time constitutes advantages for the turbine.

2. Machine as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the wheel or wheels (4, 5) for the pump are located at a distance from the turbine wheel (3), the diffuser for the pump being connected via channels (12) to the distributor (8) for the turbine.

3. Machine as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the wheel or wheels (4, 5) for the pump are located at a distance from the turbine wheel (3), the nozzles (6, 7) for the turbine being in connection with the spiral channel (17) for the pump.

4. Machine as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the wheel or wheels (4, 5) of the pump are located at a distance from the turbine wheel (3), the nozzles (6, 7) for the turbine and the diffuser for the pump via channels (12, 18) is, in connection with a spiral duct, arranged in a plane between the wheel or wheels (4, 5) of the pump and the turbine. (3).

5. Machine as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the common shaft (2) for the wheels of the turbine (3) and the pump (4, 15) is vertical, the wheel or wheels of the pump being attached to the lower end of the shaft.

6. Machine as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the common shaft (2) for the wheels of the turbine (3) and the pump (4, 5) is vertical, the wheel of the turbine (3) being attached to the lower end of the shaft (2) and the wheel or wheels of the pump (4, 5) are attached to the shaft (2) above the turbine wheel, at a distance from it.

7. Machine as stated in claim 1, characterized in that the room (9) for the turbine is arranged to be put under pneumatic pressure, in order to lower the level of the water in the outlet channel (11) for the turbine.

8. Machine as specified in claims 1 - 4, characterized in that the pump has several stages.