NO793439L

NO793439L - WHOLE ELECTRONIC LOOP CLUTCH.

Info

Publication number: NO793439L
Application number: NO793439A
Authority: NO
Inventors: Dirsko Von Pfeil
Original assignee: Siemens Ag
Priority date: 1978-10-27
Filing date: 1979-10-26
Publication date: 1980-04-29
Also published as: DK452979A; EP0010720A1; BR7906915A; JPS5560369A; DE2846934A1

Description

"Helelektronisk sløyfeslutningskobling"."All-Electronic Loop Closing Switch".

Oppfinnelsen angår en helelektronisk sløyfeslutnings-kobling. The invention relates to an all-electronic loop closure coupling.

Blir deltager-tilknytningsledninger forlenget med multi-plekssysterner, må en formidlingssidig endekobling på formidlings-stedet sende sløyfeslutningssignaler uten derved å innvirke dempende på talestrømmene. If participant connection lines are extended with multiplex sisters, a transmission-side end link at the transmission site must send loop termination signals without thereby having a dampening effect on the voice streams.

Sløyfeslutningssignalet blir i kjente formidlingssidige endekoblinger, som vist på fig. 1, kopiert ved at der via en relékontakt K blir koblet en induktivitet parallelt med talelederne. Induktiviteten kan utgjøres av en induksjonsspole eller også en gaffeltransformator t). Ugunstig ved denne kobling er anvendelsen av et relé og, pga. likestrømmen som flyter over induktiviteten, en relativt stor spole. The loop termination signal becomes in known transmission-side end connections, as shown in fig. 1, copied in that via a relay contact K an inductance is connected in parallel with the speech conductors. The inductance can be made up of an induction coil or also a fork transformer t). The disadvantage of this connection is the use of a relay and, due to the direct current flowing across the inductance, a relatively large coil.

Den foreliggende oppfinnelses oppgave er å skaffe en sløyfeslutningskobling uten relékontakt. The task of the present invention is to provide a loop closing connection without a relay contact.

For løsning av denne oppgave blir sløyfeslutningskoblingen utformet slik at der mellom de to ledere hos en deltagerledning er anordnet en konstantstrøm-forbruker som kan kobles til resp. fra deltagerledningen av en optokobler som styres via deltagerens apparat. To solve this task, the loop closing connection is designed so that between the two conductors of a subscriber line, a constant current consumer is arranged which can be connected to resp. from the participant line by an optocoupler which is controlled via the participant's device.

Ved disse forholdsregler blir et relé unngått. Samtidig kan den med talelederne parallellkoblede induktivitet minskes, With these precautions, a relay is avoided. At the same time, the inductance connected in parallel with the speech conductors can be reduced,

da den ikke lenger får å oppta noen likestrømskomponent. as it is no longer allowed to occupy any direct current component.

Konstantstrømforbrukeren består i den forbindelse i det vesentlige av to transistorer, hvis kollektorer og basiselektroder er forbundet vekselsidig med hverandre over et styreelement, og hvis emittere danner henholdsvis inn- og utgangsklemmene for en således oppbygget topol. In that connection, the constant current consumer essentially consists of two transistors, whose collectors and base electrodes are connected alternately to each other via a control element, and whose emitters respectively form the input and output terminals for a dipole constructed in this way.

Som en videre utformning kan styreelementet være transistoren hos en optokobler, hvis emitter-kollektorstrekning er anordnet mellom den ene transistors basis og den annens kollektor, samtidig som den annen transistors emitter-kollektorstrekning er forbundet med en ytterligere ohmsk motstand. As a further design, the control element can be the transistor of an optocoupler, whose emitter-collector path is arranged between the base of one transistor and the collector of the other, at the same time as the emitter-collector path of the other transistor is connected with a further ohmic resistance.

Denne kobling har fordelen av mindre teknisk påkostningThis connection has the advantage of less technical expense

og mindre spenningsbelastning på transistoren i optokobleren, maksimalt UZ1. and less voltage load on the transistor in the optocoupler, maximum UZ1.

Videre lar sløyfeslutningskoblingen seg også utforme slik at der mellom den ene transistors basis og den annens kollektor er innskutt emitter-kollektorstrekningen hos en tredje transistor hvis basis er forbundet med emitteren hos optokoblerens transistor, som med sin kollektor er tilkoblet den annen transistors emitter over en ohmsk motstand. Furthermore, the loop closing connection can also be designed so that between the base of one transistor and the collector of the other, the emitter-collector line of a third transistor whose base is connected to the emitter of the optocoupler's transistor is inserted, which is connected with its collector to the emitter of the other transistor via an ohmic resistance.

Ved denne anordning flyter der ingen feilstrøm i hvile-tilstanden. Også her kobler optokobleren konstantstrømforbrukeren inn og ut via en Darlingthon-transistor. With this device, no fault current flows in the rest state. Here, too, the optocoupler switches the constant current consumer in and out via a Darlingthon transistor.

I de to transistorers emitter-basiskrets er der anordnet Zenerdioder. De tjener til i gjennomstyrt tilstand å frembringe en konstant basisspenning, så der i forbindelse med emittermotstandene går konstant strøm over transistorene. De ohmske motstander i emitterkretsene skal minske transistorenes rest-strøm i sperret tilstand. Zener diodes are arranged in the emitter-base circuit of the two transistors. They serve to produce a constant base voltage in the controlled state, so that in connection with the emitter resistors a constant current flows through the transistors. The ohmic resistors in the emitter circuits must reduce the residual current of the transistors in the closed state.

Mellom de to transistores kollektorer kan der likeledes være anordnet en Zenerdiode. Denne kan imidlertid også ligge mellom de to transistorers basiselektroder dersom det dreier seg om den annen utførelsesform for konstantstrømforbrukeren. Den har til oppgave å beskytte transistorene mot overspenninger på deltagerledningen. A Zener diode can also be arranged between the collectors of the two transistors. However, this can also be located between the base electrodes of the two transistors if it concerns the other embodiment of the constant current consumer. Its task is to protect the transistors against overvoltages on the participant line.

For å gjøre det mulig å koble konstantstrømforbrukeren til deltagerledningens ledere uavhengig av polariteten kan de to transistorers emittere ligge i forbindelsespunktet mellom to og to motsatt seriekoblede dioder, hvis respektive andre tilslutninger er ført til en og en leder hos deltagerkoblingen . To make it possible to connect the constant current consumer to the conductors of the participant line regardless of the polarity, the emitters of the two transistors can be located at the connection point between two and two oppositely connected diodes, whose respective other connections are led to one and one conductor at the participant connection.

Oppfinnelsen vil bli nærmere belyst ved de koblings-anordningene som er vist på fig. 2 og 3. The invention will be explained in more detail by the connection devices shown in fig. 2 and 3.

På fig. 2 sees en første utførelsesform for konstantstrøm-forbrukeren. Transistorene Tl og T2 er med basis og kollektor vekselsidig sammenkoblet, samtidig som der mellom basis hos den ene transistor Tl og kollektor hos transistoren T2 er innskutt emitter-kollektorstrekningen hos optokoblerens transistor OPT. In fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of the constant current consumer. The transistors Tl and T2 are alternately connected with base and collector, while the emitter-collector line of the optocoupler's transistor OPT is inserted between the base of one transistor Tl and the collector of transistor T2.

I kollektorkretsene for transistorene Tl og T2 ligger Zener diodene henholdsvis Zl og Z3. De ohmske motstander RI og R4 ligger i serie med emitterne hos transistorene Tl, T2, mens de ohmske motstander R2, R3 er tilkoblet mellom basis og den ene pol på emittermotstandene. Den samlede kobling er via dioder Dl til D4 ved sine hjørnepunkter forbundet med de respektive In the collector circuits for the transistors Tl and T2, the Zener diodes Zl and Z3 are respectively located. The ohmic resistors RI and R4 are in series with the emitters of the transistors T1, T2, while the ohmic resistors R2, R3 are connected between the base and one pole of the emitter resistors. The overall connection is via diodes Dl to D4 at their corner points connected to the respective ones

to ledere hos deltagerledningen.two managers at the participant management.

En annen form for påstyring er vist på fig. 3. Her ligger den tredje transistor T3 med sin emitter-kollektorstrekning mellom kollektor hos.annen transistor T2 og basis hos første transistor Tl. Denne tredje transistors basis påstyres av emitteren hos optokoblerens transistor OPT, hvis kollektor over en ohmsk motstand R6 er forbundet med emittermotstanden R4 for transistoren T2. Another form of control is shown in fig. 3. Here the third transistor T3 is located with its emitter-collector line between the collector of the second transistor T2 and the base of the first transistor Tl. The base of this third transistor is controlled by the emitter of the optocoupler's transistor OPT, whose collector is connected to the emitter resistor via an ohmic resistor R6 R4 for the transistor T2.

Diodene Dl - D4 gjør det mulig å tilslutte koblingen med vilkårlig polaritet til formidlingssted VSt. I tilstanden "sløyfe åpen" er transistorene Tl og T2 høyohmige, og der går bare en feilstrøm <C 0,1 mA over Zl og R5. Legger multipleks-systemet jord på signallederen S, blir optokoblerens transistor OPT og dermed en transistor Tl ledende (strøm over motstand R5, optokobler OPT, basis-emitterstrekning hos transistor Tl og ohmsk motstand Ri). Strømmen gjennom transistor Tl gjør i sin tur transistoren T2 ledende (strøm over ohmsk motstand R4, basis-emitterstrekning hos transistor T2, Ri). Transistorene Tl og T2 leverer hverandre nå gjensidig basisstrøm. Emitterstrømmen for transistorene Tl og T2 utgjør henholdsvis The diodes Dl - D4 make it possible to connect the link with arbitrary polarity to the relay point VSt. In the "loop open" state, transistors Tl and T2 are high-resistance, and there only a fault current <C 0.1 mA flows through Zl and R5. If the multiplex system grounds the signal conductor S, the optocoupler's transistor OPT and thus a transistor Tl become conductive (current across resistor R5, optocoupler OPT, base-emitter path of transistor Tl and ohmic resistor Ri). The current through transistor Tl in turn makes transistor T2 conductive (current across ohmic resistance R4, base-emitter distance of transistor T2, Ri). Transistors Tl and T2 now supply each other with mutual base current. The emitter current for the transistors Tl and T2 respectively amounts to

Kollektorstrømmene for transistorene Tl og T2 svarer til-nærmelsesvis til emitter strømmene (I + I_. ; I_ <^<CI,J og da The collector currents for the transistors T1 and T2 correspond approximately to the emitter currents (I + I_. ; I_ <^<CI,J and then

c ts t> cc ts t> c

U„,, U„„, R,, R. er konstanter, adderer de to kollektorstrømmer seg U„,, U„„, R,, R. are constants, the two collector currents add up

Zl Z2 1 4Zl Z2 1 4

til en konstantstrøm-forbruker. Der virksomme motstand for talestrømmer utgjør derfor: to a constant current consumer. Where effective resistance for voice currents therefore amounts to:

Her er der ikke tatt hensyn til motstanden R5, da den er større enn 100 kfl. Når optokobleren igjen sperrer, sperrer også transistorene Tl og T2. Motstandene R2 og R3 minsker reststrømmene. Zenerdiodene Z2 resp. Z4 begrenser utillatelig høye spenninger Here, the resistance R5 has not been taken into account, as it is greater than 100 kfl. When the optocoupler blocks again, transistors Tl and T2 also block. The resistors R2 and R3 reduce the residual currents. The Zener diodes Z2 or Z4 limits unacceptably high voltages

torers (Tl, T2) basis er anordnet en Zenerdiode (Z4).torer's (Tl, T2) base is arranged a Zener diode (Z4).

9. Sløyfeslutningskobling som angitt i et av kravene 2 til 8,karakterisert vedat de to transistorers (Tl, T2) emittere ligger i forbindelsespunktet mellom to og to motsatt seriekoblede dioder (Dl, D3 ; D2, D4), hvis respektive andre tilslutninger er ført til en og en leder hos deltagerkoblingen. 9. Loop closing connection as stated in one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the emitters of the two transistors (T1, T2) are located at the connection point between two oppositely connected diodes (D1, D3; D2, D4), whose respective other connections are to each manager at the participant link.

Claims

1. Fully electronic loop closing connection, characterized in that a constant current consumer is arranged between the two conductors of a subscriber line which can be connected to resp. from the participant line by an optocoupler, controlled via the participant's participant device.

2. Loop closing connection as specified in claim 1, characterized in that the constant current consumer essentially consists of two transistors, whose collector and base are mutually connected to each other via a control element, and whose emitters respectively form the input and output terminals for a thus constructed topole.

3. Loop closing connection as stated in claim 2, characterized in that the control element is an optocoupler transistor (OPT), whose emitter-collector line is arranged between the base of one transistor (Tl) and the collector of the other transistor (T2), at the same time as the emitter of the other transistor -collector line is connected with an additional ohmic resistance.

4. Loop closing connection as specified in claim 2, characterized in that between the base of one transistor (T1) and the collector of the other transistor (T2) lies the emitter-collector line of a third transistor (T3), whose base is connected to the optocoupler's transistor (OPT ), which with its collector is connected to the emitter of the other transistor (T2) via an ohmic resistor (R6) .

5. Loop closing connection as stated in claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that Zener diodes (Zl, Z3) are arranged in the emitter-base circuits of the two transistors (Tl, T2).

6. Loop closing connection as stated in one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that ohmic resistors (Ri,, R2, R3, R4) are arranged in the emitter-base circuit.

7. Loop closing connection as specified in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a Zener diode (Z2) is arranged between the collectors of the two transistors (T1, T2).

8. Loop closing connection as stated in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that between the two transis- between a and b conductors. The capacitor C blocks a direct current through the transformer 0. Together with the transformer, it forms a high-pass filter.