NO754019L - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO754019L NO754019L NO754019A NO754019A NO754019L NO 754019 L NO754019 L NO 754019L NO 754019 A NO754019 A NO 754019A NO 754019 A NO754019 A NO 754019A NO 754019 L NO754019 L NO 754019L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- preform
- state
- expansion
- hollow body
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009998 heat setting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L isophthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC(C([O-])=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000028016 temperature homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
- B29C71/02—Thermal after-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
- B29C49/06—Injection blow-moulding
- B29C49/0665—Injection blow-moulding the injection mould cavity and the blow-mould cavity being displaceable to the geometrically fixed injection core mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/08—Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding
- B29C49/10—Biaxial stretching during blow-moulding using mechanical means for prestretching
- B29C49/12—Stretching rods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
- B29C49/6472—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles in several stages
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
- B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
- B29C2035/0822—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using IR radiation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/78—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C49/786—Temperature
- B29C2049/7861—Temperature of the preform
- B29C2049/7862—Temperature of the preform characterised by temperature values or ranges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2793/00—Shaping techniques involving a cutting or machining operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/07—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration
- B29C2949/0715—Preforms or parisons characterised by their configuration the preform having one end closed
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
- B29C2949/22—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at neck portion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
- B29C2949/24—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at flange portion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
- B29C2949/26—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at body portion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/20—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer
- B29C2949/28—Preforms or parisons whereby a specific part is made of only one component, e.g. only one layer at bottom portion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C2949/00—Indexing scheme relating to blow-moulding
- B29C2949/30—Preforms or parisons made of several components
- B29C2949/3032—Preforms or parisons made of several components having components being injected
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
- B29C49/04—Extrusion blow-moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
- B29C49/06—Injection blow-moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
- B29C49/42073—Grippers
- B29C49/42085—Grippers holding inside the neck
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
- B29C49/42093—Transporting apparatus, e.g. slides, wheels or conveyors
- B29C49/42105—Transporting apparatus, e.g. slides, wheels or conveyors for discontinuous or batch transport
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
- B29C49/42093—Transporting apparatus, e.g. slides, wheels or conveyors
- B29C49/42107—Transporting apparatus, e.g. slides, wheels or conveyors with accumulator or temporary storage, e.g. while waiting for the blowing apparatus
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/4205—Handling means, e.g. transfer, loading or discharging means
- B29C49/42113—Means for manipulating the objects' position or orientation
- B29C49/42115—Inversion, e.g. turning preform upside down
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C49/42—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C49/64—Heating or cooling preforms, parisons or blown articles
- B29C49/68—Ovens specially adapted for heating preforms or parisons
- B29C49/685—Rotating the preform in relation to heating means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
- B29K2995/0012—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular thermal properties
- B29K2995/0017—Heat stable
Description
FREMGANGSMÅTE VED FREMSTILLING AV HULEPROCEDURE FOR MANUFACTURING A CAVE
LEGEMER AV PLASTPLASTIC BODIES
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av hule legemer av termoplastisk materiale. The present invention relates to a method for the production of hollow bodies of thermoplastic material.
Det er allerede kjent forskjellige fremgangsmåter for fremstilling av hule legemer av termoplastisk materiale, f.eks. flasker, hvilken fremgangsmåte består i fremstilling av en forhåndsform ved hjelp av en fremgangsmåte, såsom ekstrudering eller sprøyting, hvoretter der bevirkes ekspandering av forhåndsformen ved oppblåsing av det indre av en form vanlig-vis i to deler. Various methods are already known for producing hollow bodies of thermoplastic material, e.g. bottles, which method consists in producing a preform by means of a method, such as extrusion or spraying, after which expansion of the preform is effected by inflating the interior of a mold, usually in two parts.
Det er allerede kjent å ekspandere slike forhåndsformer ved en tilstrekkelig høy temperatur slik at det ved biaksial,trekking oppnås en tilstand for materiale betegnet biorientert tilstand, idet den således ekspanderte forhåndsform deretter avkjøles for å bevare tilstanden med biorientering av materialet som er oppnådd under ekspanderingen. Denne tilstand av biorientering gir materialet spesielt viktige egenskaper med hensyn til styrke og mekanisk fasthet. It is already known to expand such preforms at a sufficiently high temperature so that, by biaxial drawing, a state for the material termed bioriented state is achieved, the thus expanded preform is then cooled to preserve the state of biorientation of the material that has been achieved during the expansion. This state of bio-orientation gives the material particularly important properties with regard to strength and mechanical firmness.
Disse hule legemer har imidlertid .ulempen ved en forholdsvis høy vekt på grunn av materialkonsentrasjonen i visse deler av legemet, særlig i høyde med halsen. I de kjente hule legemer har dessuten materialet forskjellige tilstander alt etter stedene, hvilket bevirker differanser i utseende og egenskaper, særlig de mekaniske egenskaper, tettheten og fastheten overfor temperatur. However, these hollow bodies have the disadvantage of a relatively high weight due to the material concentration in certain parts of the body, particularly at the height of the neck. In the known hollow bodies, the material also has different states depending on the location, which causes differences in appearance and properties, especially the mechanical properties, the density and the firmness to temperature.
Således beskrives i fransk patent 73.26523 en fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av hule legemer ved oppblåsing med biaksial orientering ut fra et emne som befinner seg i krystallinsk tilstand, idet trekkoperasjonene foregår ved en høyere temperatur enn det krystallinske smeltepunkt. Man får således hule legemer av krystallinsk type som er lite egnet til å tåle betydelige innvendige trykk. Thus, in French patent 73.26523, a method is described for the production of hollow bodies by inflation with biaxial orientation from a blank which is in a crystalline state, the drawing operations taking place at a higher temperature than the crystalline melting point. Hollow bodies of a crystalline type are thus obtained which are not suitable for withstanding significant internal pressures.
På lignende måte beskriver amerikansk patent 3.202.739 en tilsvarende fremgangsmåte som den foregående, In a similar way, US patent 3,202,739 describes a similar method to the previous one,
hvor det fremkomne hule legeme likeledes har feil når det gjelder homogenitet. where the resulting hollow body likewise has errors in terms of homogeneity.
Fransk patent 6909515 beskriver likeledes en. fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av hule legemer, hvor deformeringen som er frembragt ved høy temperatur, fører til et hult French patent 6909515 also describes one. method in the production of hollow bodies, where the deformation produced at high temperature leads to a hollow
legeme med ikke homogen oppbygning.body with non-homogeneous structure.
Det samme gjelder for amerikansk patent.3.754.851 som beskriver en fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av hule legemer, hvor et emne som fastholdes i høyde med kraven eller halsen ved oppblåsning fører til et materiale som mangler homogenitet og har utilstrekkelig styrke for anvendelser under vanskelige betingelser. The same applies to American patent 3,754,851 which describes a method for the manufacture of hollow bodies, where a blank that is held at the height of the collar or neck during inflation leads to a material that lacks homogeneity and has insufficient strength for applications under difficult conditions.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse foreslår en fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av hule legemer av termoplastisk materiale som avhjelper de nevnte ulemper og særlig tillater oppnåelsen av lettere hule legemer som har en økt styrke og en mer homogen oppbygning av materialet, samtidig som den gjør det mulig å unngå avvikelsene i tilstander for de forskjellige deler av de hule legemer og forbedre og homogenisere egenskapene for hele det hule legeme. The present invention proposes a method for the production of hollow bodies of thermoplastic material which remedies the aforementioned disadvantages and in particular allows the achievement of lighter hollow bodies which have an increased strength and a more homogeneous structure of the material, while at the same time making it possible to avoid deviations in conditions for the different parts of the hollow bodies and improve and homogenize the properties for the whole hollow body.
Oppfinnelsens gjenstand.er således en fremgangsmåte ved fremstilling av hule legemer av termoplastisk materiale, hvor man først lager en forhåndsform som fortrinnsvis er formløs og av termoplastisk materiale beregnet på etterfølgende ekspandering for oppnåelse av den endelige form av det hule legeme, og oppfinnelsen utmerker seg ved at man på nytt varmer opp den nevnte forhåndsform til en temperatur som ér høyere og nær temperaturen for det termoplastiske materiales vitrøse mellomtilstand, og at man bevirker en ekspandering av hele det hule legeme til der frembringes en biorientering av hele det hule Dsgeme, hvoretter man bringer materialet til å stivne i den biorienterte tilstand. The object of the invention is thus a method for the production of hollow bodies of thermoplastic material, in which a preliminary form is first made which is preferably shapeless and of thermoplastic material intended for subsequent expansion to obtain the final shape of the hollow body, and the invention is distinguished by that the aforementioned preform is heated again to a temperature that is higher and close to the temperature for the thermoplastic material's vitreous intermediate state, and that the entire hollow body expands until a biorientation of the entire hollow body is produced, after which the material to solidify in the bioriented state.
Med alle hule legemer skal forstås alleAll hollow bodies must be understood as all
hule legemer som omfatter en hals eller andre øvre inn-snevringer med unntagelse av, hvis nødvendig, en midtre avgrenset sone i bunnen av de hule legemer. hollow bodies comprising a neck or other upper constrictions with the exception of, if necessary, a central delimited zone at the bottom of the hollow bodies.
Man får således et hult legeme, hvor nestenYou thus get a hollow body, almost
ålt materiale medregnet det som befinner seg i høyde med en eventuell hals eller øvre innsnevring, befinner seg i en biorientert tilstand med spesielle egenskaper når det gjelder styrke og fasthet. all material, including that located at the height of a possible neck or upper constriction, is in a bi-oriented state with special properties in terms of strength and firmness.
Det vil forstås at takket være oppfinnelsen er det mulig å oppnå en betydelig vektreduksjon ved samme It will be understood that thanks to the invention it is possible to achieve a significant weight reduction by the same
styrke for hule legemer, fordi halsen eller den øvre innsnevring av det hule legeme i den biorienterte tilstand således kan ha en tykkelse som er klart mindre ejin tykkelsen nødvendig for en hals som befinner seg i en ikke biorientert tilstand ifølge kjent teknikk. strength for hollow bodies, because the neck or the upper constriction of the hollow body in the bioriented state can thus have a thickness that is clearly less than the thickness required for a neck that is in a non-bioriented state according to the known technique.
Ifølge oppfinnelsen er den temperatur hvortil man bringer forhåndsformen mellom 0 og.30° C over temperaturen for det termoplastiske materiales vitrøse mellomtilstand. According to the invention, the temperature to which the preform is brought is between 0 and 30° C above the temperature for the vitreous intermediate state of the thermoplastic material.
I samsvar med oppfinnelsen fremstiller manIn accordance with the invention, one produces
en hul forhåndsform med fortrinnsvis rørforta og hvis diameter over hvert tverrsnitt er merkbart mindre enn den diameter som vil bli oppnådd av det ferdige hule legeme for det tilsvarende tverrsnitt. Diameteren av det hule legeme i et bestemt tverrsnitt er fortrinnsvis minst 1,3 ganger større enn diameteren av forhåndsformen, idet en ekspandering på minst 1,5 ganger større er særlig foretrukket. a hollow preform with preferably tubular openings and whose diameter over each cross-section is noticeably smaller than the diameter that will be obtained by the finished hollow body for the corresponding cross-section. The diameter of the hollow body in a specific cross section is preferably at least 1.3 times larger than the diameter of the preform, with an expansion of at least 1.5 times larger being particularly preferred.
I en foretrukket utførelse av oppfinnelsen er forhåndsformen laget slik at den utenfor sin hals eller sin åpning har et parti med materiale som f.eks. skriver seg fra fremstillingen av forhåndsformen og som tillater håndtering og fastholdelse av forhåndsformen under oppblåsingen eller ekspanderingen, idet dette parti av materialet deretter skjæres bort og resirkuleres. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the preform is made so that outside its neck or opening it has a portion of material such as e.g. is written from the manufacture of the preform and which allows the handling and retention of the preform during the inflation or expansion, this part of the material being then cut away and recycled.
I en spesielt fordelaktig utførelse av oppfinnelsen anvender man for fremstilling av forhåndsformen en polymer av typen som har en krystallinsk tilstand, idet den nevnte forhånds- In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a polymer of the type which has a crystalline state is used for the production of the preform, as the said preform
form er stivnet i en formløs struktur, og man bevirker deformeringen av denne forhåndsform ved en temperatur nær og over temperaturen for den vitrøse mellomtilstand med en tilstrekkelig grad av ekspandering til å frembringe en biorientert tilstand av materialet, hvoretter man hurtig bevirker en stivning i denne tilstand ved avkjøling. shape is solidified into a shapeless structure, and the deformation of this preliminary shape is effected at a temperature close to and above the temperature of the vitreous intermediate state with a sufficient degree of expansion to produce a bioriented state of the material, after which a solidification is rapidly effected in this state upon cooling.
Blant de anvendelige polymere er særlig termoplastiske polyestere, f.eks. ethylenglycolpolyterefthalat, tetramethylen-polyterefthalat, butylenpolyterefthalat, copolymere av terefthalat/ isofthalat av syklohexylendimethylen, likeledes opptrer polyami-der og polyacetaler og særlig polyoxymethylen. Among the applicable polymers are particularly thermoplastic polyesters, e.g. ethylene glycol polyterephthalate, tetramethylene polyterephthalate, butylene polyterephthalate, copolymers of terephthalate/isophthalate of cyclohexylenedimethylene, polyamides and polyacetals and especially polyoxymethylene also appear.
For termoplastiske polyestere bevirkes ekspande-For thermoplastic polyesters, expansion
o o
ringen slik at den fører til en økning av diameteren over alle tverrsnitt av det hule legeme større enn 1,5 ganger den opprinnelige diameter og frembringer således den biorienterte tilstand. the ring so that it leads to an increase of the diameter over all cross-sections of the hollow body greater than 1.5 times the original diameter and thus produces the bioriented state.
Ved en første utførelse av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, hvor man utfører ekspanderingen i det indre av en form, styrer man temperaturen av materialet under ekspanderingen slik at den stadig eir lik eller større enn temperaturen for den vitrøse mellomtilstand, idet stivningen i den biorienterte tilstand foregår mot de kalde vegger av formen. In a first embodiment of the method according to the invention, where the expansion is carried out in the interior of a mold, the temperature of the material during the expansion is controlled so that it is constantly equal to or greater than the temperature for the vitreous intermediate state, as the solidification in the bioriented state takes place against the cold walls of the mold.
Man foretar fortrinnsvis på det endelige hule legeme en operasjon med varmefikseiring ved å øke temperaturen på materialet for å frigjøre de resterende overgangstrykk. An operation with heat fixing is preferably carried out on the final hollow body by increasing the temperature of the material to release the remaining transitional pressures.
I en annen særlig hurtig utførelse bevirkerIn another particularly fast embodiment causes
man ekspanderingen av forhåndsformen i det. indre av en form ved en temperatur på materialet til å begynne med større- enn temperaturen for den vitrøse mellomtilstand og deretter under denne temperatur, slikat der under den siste del av ekspanderingen fremkalles stivning av materialet i den biorienterte tilstand, og man opprettholder fordelaktigst formen på en slik temperatur at ved kontakt av materialet med de varme formvegger vil den endelige varmefiksering være sikret. one the expansion of the advance form in it. interior of a mold at a temperature of the material initially higher than the temperature for the vitreous intermediate state and then below this temperature, such that during the last part of the expansion, solidification of the material in the bioriented state is induced, and the shape of the such a temperature that upon contact of the material with the hot mold walls, the final heat fixation will be ensured.
Det er likeledes mulig ut fra et hult legeme som ikke har vært utsatt for den avsluttende varmefiksering, å foreta denne operasjon med varmefiksering ved enkel fylling av det hule legeme med et produkt, såsom en væske, særlig under trykk, ved høy temperatur. It is also possible from a hollow body that has not been subjected to the final heat fixation, to carry out this operation with heat fixation by simply filling the hollow body with a product, such as a liquid, especially under pressure, at a high temperature.
Varmefikseringen foregår fortrinnsvis ved en temperatur som er akkurat over temperaturen for den vitrøse mellomtilstand slik at der oppnås en såvidt høy hastighet for varmefikseringen soiri5 mulig. The heat fixation preferably takes place at a temperature which is just above the temperature for the vitreous intermediate state so that as high a speed as possible for the heat fixation is achieved.
De hule legemer som fremkommer ut fra polymereThe hollow bodies that emerge from polymers
av den krystallinske type, er blant annet kjennetegnet ved at over så å si hele materialet i det hule legeme med eventuell unntagelse av det midtre parti av bunnen befinner materialet seg i en biorientert tilstand og er transparent, stivt, ettergivende, ugjennomtrengelig og har dessuten en ut-merket fasthet overfor temperatur. Det er således mulig å anvende de fremstilte hule legemer av slike materialer til å inneholde produkter som transporteres ved høy temperatur, of the crystalline type, is characterized, among other things, by the fact that virtually all of the material in the hollow body, with the possible exception of the middle part of the bottom, the material is in a bioriented state and is transparent, rigid, yielding, impermeable and also has a excellent resistance to temperature. It is thus possible to use the manufactured hollow bodies of such materials to contain products that are transported at high temperature,
f.eks. produkter som er bragt opp til steriliseringstemperatur,e.g. products that have been brought up to sterilization temperature,
i det indre av disse hule legemer.in the interior of these hollow bodies.
Det er likeledes mulig å resirkulere de fremkomne hule legemer ved å utsette dem for en sterilisering under de samme betingelser som for hule legemer av glass. It is also possible to recycle the resulting hollow bodies by subjecting them to sterilization under the same conditions as for hollow bodies made of glass.
Oppfinnelsen angår likeledes forhåndsformene til produksjon av hule legemer ifølge oppfinnelsen, hvilke forhåndsformer er kjennetegnet særlig ved at deres radiale dimensjoner er mindre enn de endelige radiale dimensjoner av de hule legemer med en sll«kverdi at de hule legemer så å si i sin helhet er bragt til en tilstand av biorientering, idet de nevnte forhåndsformer fortrinnsvis har en forlengelse utenfor deres munning eller deres hals, hvilken forlengelse er bestemt for å bli fjernet ved slutten av ekspanderingen. The invention also relates to the preforms for the production of hollow bodies according to the invention, which preforms are characterized in particular by their radial dimensions being smaller than the final radial dimensions of the hollow bodies with such a value that the hollow bodies are, so to speak, in their entirety to a state of bio-orientation, said preforms preferably having an extension beyond their mouth or their neck, which extension is destined to be removed at the end of the expansion.
Et særlig formål med oppfinnelsen er forhåndsformer av polymere av krystallinsk type som utmerker seg ved at materialet i forhåndsformen befinner seg i en formløs tilstand ved sterk avkjøling fra mykgjøringstemperaturen. A particular object of the invention is preforms of polymers of a crystalline type which are distinguished by the fact that the material in the preform is in a shapeless state upon strong cooling from the softening temperature.
Ytterligere fordeler og karakteristiske trekk ved oppfinnelsen vil fremgå av følgende beskrivelse av en særlig. fremgangsmåte som imidlertid ikke skal være begrensende for Further advantages and characteristic features of the invention will be apparent from the following description of a particular. method which, however, should not be limiting
oppfinnelsens omfang, og under henvisning til tegningene,scope of the invention, and with reference to the drawings,
hvor fig. 1. er et skjematisk riss av et anlegg som kan anvendes til utførelse av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, where fig. 1. is a schematic drawing of a plant that can be used to carry out the method according to the invention,
fig. 2a og 2b viser en forhåndsform ifølge oppfinnelsen påfig. 2a and 2b show a preliminary form according to the invention
to trinn av fremstillingen, og fig. 3 er et snitt av en form som kan anvendes til utførelse av et trinn av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen, og som inneholder en forhåndsform bestemt for ekspandering ved oppblåsning. two stages of the production, and fig. 3 is a section of a mold which can be used to carry out a step of the method according to the invention, and which contains a preliminary mold intended for expansion during inflation.
I den fase som er betegnet med 1 på fig. 1 ekstruderer man en masse av en termoplastisk polyester, såsom ethylenglycopolyterefthalat ved hjelp av en konvensjonell fremgangsmåte ved ekstrudering og frembringer således en mykgjøring av materialet som danner massen. Dette materiale som danner massen, er homogent, og trer ut ved en temperatur som ligger nær materialets smeltetemperatur i en tilstand med flytende struktur. Man kan for dette formål anvende en ekstruder med dobbelt skrue av vel kjent fabrikat. Dens vesentlige egenskaper er en diameter på skruene på 12 0 mm, en lengde på mateskruen på 15D,en lengde på mykgjøringsskruen på 15D, idet drivanordningene for skruene er uavhengige av hverandre. Kapasiteten for en slik ekstruder er i størrelsesordenen 300 kg/h. In the phase denoted by 1 in fig. 1, a mass of a thermoplastic polyester, such as ethylene glycol polyterephthalate, is extruded using a conventional extrusion method and thus produces a softening of the material that forms the mass. This material which forms the mass is homogeneous, and emerges at a temperature close to the material's melting temperature in a state with a liquid structure. For this purpose, you can use an extruder with a twin screw of a well-known manufacturer. Its essential features are a diameter of the screws of 120 mm, a length of the feed screw of 15D, a length of the softening screw of 15D, the drive devices for the screws being independent of each other. The capacity for such an extruder is in the order of 300 kg/h.
For det anvendte materiale er smeltetemperaturen 257° C og massen som forlater ekstruderen har en temperatur på mellom 260° C og 290° C. For the material used, the melting temperature is 257° C and the mass leaving the extruder has a temperature of between 260° C and 290° C.
Massen kan likeledes fremstilles ved hjelp avThe pulp can also be produced using
andre fremgangsmåter, særlig ved sprøyting.other methods, especially by spraying.
Ut fra. denne masse fremstiller man i den fase somOut from. this mass is produced in the phase which
på fig. 1 er betegnet med 2, en forhåndsform ifølge oppfinnelsen. on fig. 1 is denoted by 2, a preliminary form according to the invention.
For dette formål utsettes massen for et oppholdFor this purpose, the mass is subjected to a stay
med oppblåsing i en form som har et hulrom svarende til den ønskede forhåndsform og hvor veggene er sterkt avkjølt. with inflation in a mold that has a cavity corresponding to the desired preform and where the walls are strongly cooled.
I denne form ekspanderes massen.ved innføring avIn this form, the mass is expanded when introducing
et termoregulert fluidum under trykk inntil den har sluttet seg fullkomment etter formene av hulrommet i formen. I kontakt med de kalde vegger i formens hulrom avkjøles forhåndsformen brått, hvilket gjør det mulig for den å anta en formløs struktur. a thermoregulated fluid under pressure until it has fully adhered to the shape of the cavity in the mold. In contact with the cold walls of the mold cavity, the preform cools abruptly, enabling it to assume a shapeless structure.
Man får således en forhåndsform som den vist på f±g. 2a. Denne forhåndsform omfatter et hovedparti som er rørformet og strekker seg over en avstand Dl, forlenget ved sitt øvre parti av en utvidet del som strekker seg over en avstand D2 betegnet med uttrykket falsk krave, som på sin side er forlenget.ved hjelp av et parti som befinner seg ved dens øvre del og er betegnet med D3 og som er kjennetegnet ved at den senere skal bortfalle. You thus get a preliminary shape like the one shown in f±g. 2a. This preform comprises a main part which is tubular and extends over a distance Dl, extended at its upper part by an extended part extending over a distance D2 denoted by the term false collar, which in turn is extended by means of a part which is located at its upper part and is denoted by D3 and which is characterized by the fact that it will later disappear.
Når forhåndsformen forlater støpeformen som er betegnet med 3, går den gjennom en skjæreinnretning betegnet med 4 på fig. 1, hvilken innretning avskjærer det øvre parti fra resten av selve forhåndsformen som er betegnet med 5 på fig. 2b, og som danner et rørformet legeme som strekker seg over en avstand Dl og et øvre parti som er utvidet, i forhold til legemet betegnet med uttrykket falsk ring og som strekker seg over avstanden D2. Forhåndsformene 5 fremkommet på denne måte blir deretter alt etter tilfellet lagret i en lagrings-stasjon 6. When the preform leaves the mold designated 3, it passes through a cutting device designated 4 in fig. 1, which device cuts off the upper part from the rest of the preform itself, which is denoted by 5 in fig. 2b, and which forms a tubular body which extends over a distance D1 and an upper part which is expanded, in relation to the body denoted by the term false ring and which extends over the distance D2. The preforms 5 produced in this way are then stored in a storage station 6, depending on the case.
Forhåndsformene ifølge oppfinnelsen utsettes deretter for en varmebehandling, og denne behandling må være homogen. For dette formål blir forhåndsformene ført til en stasjon 7, hvor de utsettes for varmeelementer, særlig ved varmeledning, konveksjon, stråling under en bestemt tid for å oppnå en temperatur som er over og nær temperaturen for den vitrøse mellomtilstand av materialet som danner forhåndsformen. I det betraktede eksempel, hvor forhåndsformen er av ethylenglycolpolyterefthalat/oppvarmes disse forhåndsformer til en temperatur på omkring 70° C. The preforms according to the invention are then subjected to a heat treatment, and this treatment must be homogeneous. For this purpose, the preforms are taken to a station 7, where they are exposed to heat elements, in particular by heat conduction, convection, radiation for a certain time to achieve a temperature that is above and close to the temperature of the vitreous intermediate state of the material forming the preform. In the example considered, where the preform is made of ethylene glycol polyterephthalate/these preforms are heated to a temperature of around 70°C.
Man kan for å bevirke varmebehandlingen anvende en tummelovn utstyrt med infrarøde varmeelementer, hvori forhåndsformene sirkulerer på en transportør 8, idet denne transportøranordhing er utstyrt med organer for å dreie forhåndsformene på denne slik at de fremviser hele sin omkrets overfor varmeorganene. To effect the heat treatment, a thumb oven equipped with infrared heating elements can be used, in which the preforms circulate on a conveyor 8, this conveyor device being equipped with means to turn the preforms on it so that they present their entire circumference to the heating means.
De således oppvarmede forhåndsformer som har en temperatur nær og over temperaturen for materialets vitrøse mellomtilstand,, blir deretter overtatt av en overførings- innretning 9 som hurtig overfører de varme forhåndsformer til en blåseform som er betegnet med 10 som helhet. The thus heated preforms, which have a temperature close to and above the temperature for the material's vitreous intermediate state, are then taken over by a transfer device 9 which rapidly transfers the hot preforms to a blow mold which is denoted by 10 as a whole.
Overføringsinnretningen kan. f.eks. være dannet av en mekanisme med armer som drives med vekslende bevegelse med amplitude 180° som tillater overføring på en helt automatisk måte av forhåndsformene til blåseformene. The transmission device can. e.g. be formed by a mechanism with arms driven with an alternating movement of amplitude 180° which allows the transfer in a completely automatic way of the preforms to the blow molds.
I blåseformen ekspanderes forhåndsformen til den har en form av et hult legeme 11 nær.opptil sluttformen med unntagelse av et øvre parti som man fjerner ved hjelp av en skjæreinnretning 12, for å oppnå sluttformen av det hule legeme 13. In the blow mold, the preform is expanded until it has a shape of a hollow body 11 close to the final shape with the exception of an upper part which is removed by means of a cutting device 12, in order to obtain the final shape of the hollow body 13.
Det er bedre vist på fig. 3 hvordan forhåndsformen 5 ekspanderes inntil den får formen 11 av en flaske. Blåseformen 14 utstyrt med sirkulasjon 15 for termoregulering omfatter en mekanisme som i sin helhet er betegnet med 16 og beregnet for aksial utvidelse av forhåndsformen, og som tillater forhåndsformen 5 å anta en lengde vist med brutte linjer på. fig. 3, og en innretning betegnet som helhet med 17 og tillater innføring av et oppblåsningsfluidum i forhåndsformen. Blåseformen kan likeledes være utstyrt med låseorganer og organer for automatisk styring. It is better shown in fig. 3 how the preform 5 is expanded until it takes the form 11 of a bottle. The blow mold 14 equipped with circulation 15 for thermoregulation comprises a mechanism designated in its entirety by 16 and intended for axial expansion of the preform, and which allows the preform 5 to assume a length shown in broken lines. fig. 3, and a device designated as a whole by 17 and allowing the introduction of an inflation fluid into the preform. The blow mold can also be equipped with locking devices and devices for automatic control.
Den på fig. 3 viste form omfatter er parti 18 som svarer til halsen på det hule legeme med flaskeform i sin endelige form. Dette parti 18 er forlenget ved sin øvre del med et parti 19, hvis form svarer til formen av en falsk krave som forhåndsformen er utstyrt med. The one in fig. The shape shown in 3 comprises part 18 which corresponds to the neck of the hollow body with a bottle shape in its final shape. This part 18 is extended at its upper part by a part 19, the shape of which corresponds to the shape of a false collar with which the preform is equipped.
Partiene 18 og 19 er forenet ved hjelp av en skarp kant 20 som gjør det mulig å fremstille, en svekningssone for å begunstige fjernelsen av det øvre parti som svarer til den falske krave, fra det endelige hule legeme. The parts 18 and 19 are united by means of a sharp edge 20 which makes it possible to produce a weakening zone to favor the removal of the upper part corresponding to the false collar from the final hollow body.
Man skal ta i betraktning at når forhåndsformen 5 ekspanderes i det indre av blåseformen 14, blir forhåndsformen 5 ekspandert over hele den del som er bestemt til å danne den avsluttende flaskeform og særlig over det parti som svarer til hulrommet 18 bestemt for å danne halsen i den ferdige flaske. Man sikrer således en ekspandering og en biorientering av hele det fremkomne hule legeme. It should be taken into account that when the preform 5 is expanded in the interior of the blow mold 14, the preform 5 is expanded over the entire part destined to form the final bottle mold and especially over the part corresponding to the cavity 18 destined to form the neck in the finished bottle. One thus ensures an expansion and a bio-orientation of the entire resulting hollow body.
Som forklart i det foregående, kan blåseformen omfatte kjølte vegger og i dette tilfelle er det hensiktsmessig å styre temperaturen av materialet under ekspanderingen av forhåndsformen slik at denne temperatur ville være stadig lik eller større enn temperaturen for vitrøs mellomtilstand. As explained above, the blow mold may include cooled walls and in this case it is appropriate to control the temperature of the material during the expansion of the preform so that this temperature would be constantly equal to or greater than the temperature for the vitreous intermediate state.
Ved utgangen fra blåseformen utsettes det hule legeme for en operasjon med varmefiksering ved å øke temperaturen av materialet for å frigjøre de resterende mellomspenninger. At the exit from the blow mold, the hollow body is subjected to an operation with heat fixation by increasing the temperature of the material to release the remaining intermediate stresses.
For det angjeldende materiale foregår varmefikseringen mellom 180° C og 200° C. For the material in question, heat fixation takes place between 180° C and 200° C.
Det er likeledes mulig å foreta ekspanderingenIt is also possible to carry out the expansion
av forhåndsformen i det indre av blåseformen ved en temperatur på materialet til å begynne med større enn temperaturen for den vitrøse mellomtilstand og deretter under denne temperatur, hvilket under det sistnevnte parti av ekspanderingen bevirker stivning av spenningene i biorientert tilstand og man bibeholder blåseformen ved en temperatur som gjør det mulig å sikre termo-fiksering. Termofikseringen kan likeledes oppnås ved enkel fylling av det hule legeme med et produkt såsom med en væske, særlig under trykk, ved høy temperatur. of the preform in the interior of the blow mold at a temperature of the material initially greater than the temperature for the vitreous intermediate state and then below this temperature, which during the latter part of the expansion causes stiffening of the stresses in the bioriented state and the blow mold is maintained at a temperature which makes it possible to ensure thermo-fixation. The thermosetting can likewise be achieved by simply filling the hollow body with a product such as with a liquid, particularly under pressure, at a high temperature.
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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FR7439648A FR2293297A1 (en) | 1974-12-04 | 1974-12-04 | PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING HOLLOW BODIES IN PLASTIC MATERIAL FROM PREFORMS, HOLLOW BODIES OBTAINED AND PREFORMED FOR THEIR OBTAINING |
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NO754019L true NO754019L (en) | 1976-06-08 |
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ES445287A1 (en) * | 1975-02-20 | 1977-10-01 | Carnaud Total Interplastic | Method of making hollow articles from plastic material |
FR2389478B1 (en) | 1977-05-04 | 1980-11-28 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | |
FR2399977A1 (en) * | 1977-08-08 | 1979-03-09 | Solvay | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF ORIENTATED HOLLOW BODIES |
AU508942B2 (en) * | 1977-12-02 | 1980-04-17 | Yoshino Kogyosho Co., Ltd. | Preparing saturated polyester resin bottles |
US4151249A (en) * | 1978-01-05 | 1979-04-24 | Owens-Illinois, Inc. | Method of making a blown bottle with internal ribs |
JPS54133563A (en) * | 1978-04-08 | 1979-10-17 | Mitsubishi Plastics Ind Ltd | Manufacturing of blown bottle |
FR2459120A1 (en) * | 1979-06-19 | 1981-01-09 | Owens Illinois Inc | Heat treating appts. for blow moulded articles - having a cavity defined by members differentially heatable along their length to impose different crystallinity modifications |
FR2462989A1 (en) * | 1979-08-07 | 1981-02-20 | Yoshino Kogyosho Co Ltd | Blow moulding bottles from saturated polyester - including maintaining the blown article against the mould for a short time to stabilise it |
DE3101284C2 (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1985-08-01 | Krupp Corpoplast Maschinenbau GmbH, 2000 Hamburg | Method for shaping the open end section of a preform having a closed bottom for blow molding a hollow body made of thermoplastic material, in particular a bottle, and device for carrying out the method |
DE3101283C2 (en) * | 1981-01-16 | 1986-01-16 | Krupp Corpoplast Maschinenbau GmbH, 2000 Hamburg | Device for the production of preforms made of thermoplastic material for blow molding of hollow bodies |
CA1197961A (en) * | 1982-03-03 | 1985-12-17 | Saleh A. Jabarin | Poly(ethylene terephthalate) articles and method |
GB2145027B (en) * | 1983-08-19 | 1986-10-08 | Metal Box Plc | Tubular articles of biaxially oriented polymers |
US6485670B1 (en) * | 1999-11-09 | 2002-11-26 | Schmalbach-Lubeca Ag | Blow molding method for producing pasteurizable containers |
WO2009127962A2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2009-10-22 | Sacmi Cooperativa Meccanici Imola Societa' Cooperativa | Method and apparatuses |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2184857A1 (en) * | 1972-05-16 | 1973-12-28 | Yorkshire Imperial Plastics | Thermoplastic pipe socket |
-
1974
- 1974-12-04 FR FR7439648A patent/FR2293297A1/en active Granted
-
1975
- 1975-11-28 NO NO754019A patent/NO754019L/no unknown
- 1975-12-01 DK DK541075A patent/DK541075A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-12-01 IT IT29877/75A patent/IT1051015B/en active
- 1975-12-01 ES ES443384A patent/ES443384A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-01 SE SE7513506A patent/SE412549B/en unknown
- 1975-12-03 GB GB49649/75A patent/GB1530305A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-12-03 JP JP50143015A patent/JPS5182366A/en active Pending
- 1975-12-03 DE DE19752554281 patent/DE2554281A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1530305A (en) | 1978-10-25 |
SE412549B (en) | 1980-03-10 |
ES443384A1 (en) | 1977-05-01 |
FR2293297B1 (en) | 1977-07-08 |
SE7513506L (en) | 1976-06-08 |
IT1051015B (en) | 1981-04-21 |
FR2293297A1 (en) | 1976-07-02 |
DK541075A (en) | 1976-06-05 |
DE2554281A1 (en) | 1976-06-10 |
JPS5182366A (en) | 1976-07-19 |
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