NO334121B1 - Electrical system wiring system - Google Patents

Abstract

Connecting system for electrical installations in tube columns such as an electric pylons where the connecting system is arranged for connecting up power distribution systems comprising a supply cable and optionally one or more branching cables, and an electrical consuming system comprising a consuming element with a fuse. Specifically the invention may e.g. relate to a connecting system for an electrical pylon, a road safety barrier or a road sign and so forth. Method for installing or troubleshooting said connecting system.

Description

Field of the invention

The present invention relates to a connection system for electrical installations in pipe columns where the connection system is arranged for connecting a power distribution system comprising a supply cable and possibly one or more branching cables, and a power consumer system comprising a consumption element with a fuse. Concretely, the invention may, for example, relate to a connection system for light masts, road railings, sign systems and more.

The invention further relates to a method for mounting and troubleshooting the aforementioned connection system.

State of the art

Connecting electrical installations in pipe columns, such as light masts, is problematic, among other things, because relatively complex electrical systems with many components, including wires that can be relatively rigid, must be installed within a very limited volume. This problem is exacerbated by a transition in the field to cheaper aluminum cables that require larger cable cross-sections.

Today's solutions typically include interconnections of separate conductors in cables from a power distribution system, possibly via a fuse element to a consumption system. They consequently become unmanageable, especially when they are mounted in limited volumes in pipe columns. Installation of such solutions, for example a light pole, requires the use of authorized personnel with electrical expertise both when the connection system is to be connected to the power distribution system and when the connection system is to be further connected to the consumption system. Typically, this takes place in two separate phases separated in time, and authorized personnel must participate in both of these.

Electrical troubleshooting of relevant systems may include insulation measurements and sheath tests. In this regard, managers must be freed. In systems according to the state of the art, typically each individual conductor in each cable must be released separately. Such a solution has disadvantages in that it can be demanding to keep track of a relatively large number of conductors within a limited volume, it is labor-intensive in that each individual conductor must be handled separately and it can lead to reduced security.

Furthermore, current solutions do not offer double-insulated systems. Such double-insulated systems are increasingly in demand because they provide simpler and cheaper systems. Among other things, it is expected that the Norwegian Road Administration will prescribe such double-insulated facilities.

Today's solutions have further disadvantages in connection with installation, testing and maintenance, which can be related both to logistics, finances, resource use and requirements for skilled personnel.

Today's solutions also have problems due to the short lifespan of fuses installed in demanding environments such as light masts. etc.

US 3,831,129 presents a connector clamp for connecting electrical cables comprising a number of connector pieces arranged electrically separated from each other, as well as a rail of an electrically conductive material arranged to form electrical contact between the connector pieces.

GB 638359 A "Improvements in or relating to Electrical Connector Blocks and Junction Boxes" presents a connection system for electrical installations in pipe columns, such as a light pole, where there is limited space for mounting electrical components including cables, and where the connection system is arranged for interconnection of power distribution system and power consumption system.

EP 1052667 A2 "Terminal and Fuse box with double electrical insulation for lighting pole junctions" presents a terminal and fuse box with double electrical insulation for electrical installations in pipe columns such as light poles comprising a supply cable and possibly one or more branching cables, and a power consumption element.

There are known and described connection boxes or connection terminals with slightly changed functionality that are intended to simplify use. For example, Norwegian patent no. 171 138 (Siemens) describes a connection clamp for screwless fixing of conductors in the connection clamp. However, this does not solve the general problem described above with regard to troubleshooting, since relatively rigid wires must be loosened and moved anyway to enable troubleshooting.

Summary of the invention

A general purpose of the invention is to solve problems with the state of the art as described above.

The purpose mentioned above is achieved by a connection system as well as methods for assembly and troubleshooting as defined in the independent patent claims. Preferred embodiments of the invention appear from the independent patent claims.

A general purpose is to provide an improved connection system with associated methods.

An overall purpose of the invention is to provide simplifications for connection systems both in terms of technical solution, assembly, troubleshooting and maintenance.

Furthermore, it is an aim to provide rational, labor-saving and safe assembly and troubleshooting.

In particular, it is a purpose that troubleshooting can be carried out without each individual conductor in each cable being released separately.

A further overall purpose is to reduce costs both in terms of production, assembly and maintenance.

The aim is to reduce the use of skilled personnel. More specifically, it is intended that unskilled personnel should be able to install the consumption system.

Furthermore, the purpose is to increase safety, reliability and lifetime of the system in general and in demanding environments in particular.

Another purpose is to provide double-insulated facilities.

Brief description of the figures

In what follows, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the attached figures. First, some central parts of the invention are described. Then, embodiments in which said parts are included. - Figure 1a shows in perspective an embodiment of a connection clamp according to the present invention. - Figure lb shows the connection clamp from figure la with the cover attached. - Figure 2 shows a single connecting piece from the connecting clamp in Figure 1. - Figure 3 shows a rail or "lash" from the connecting clamp shown in Figure la, lb. - Figure 4a shows another connection clamp which differs slightly from the connection clamp in figure la. - Figure 4b shows the connection clamp in Figure 4a with the cover attached. - Figure 5 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of a cast-in circuit breaker where the connection devices are made up of electrical cables with cast-on quick connectors. - Figure 6 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of a built-in circuit breaker where the connection devices

consists of electrical cables.

- Figure 7 shows a cross-section of a cast-in circuit breaker where the connection devices consist of partially cast-in

quick links.

- Figure 8 shows an electrical connection diagram for a light mast based on a grounded 220V IT embodiment of the connection system according to the invention. - Figure 9 shows an electrical connection diagram for a light mast based on an ungrounded, double-insulated 220V IT embodiment of the connection system according to the invention. - Figure 10 shows an electrical connection diagram for a light mast based on a grounded 400V TN embodiment of the connection system according to the invention. - Figure 11 shows an electrical connection diagram for a light pole based on an ungrounded, double-insulated 400V TN embodiment of the connection system according to the invention. - Figure 12 shows a system solution according to the invention where the main parts are produced separately from each other - Figure 13 a-c respectively presents a side view, a top view, a section and an enlarged top view of an embodiment of the invention with a separate safety element. - Figure 14 a-c respectively presents a side view, a top view, a section and an enlarged top view of an embodiment of the invention with an integrated security element. - Figure 15 a-d respectively presents a top view, a section parallel to the top view, a longitudinal section perpendicular to the top view, and a front view of an embodiment of a switching center according to the invention. - Figure 16 shows a connecting pole over which a cone is arranged in connection with assembly.

Detailed description of the invention

In what follows, the invention is described with reference to drawings. First, certain central parts of the coupling system are described separately, and then alternative, more complete embodiments of the invention are described.

Initially, we will briefly summarize that a connection system for electrical installations according to the invention is arranged to connect a power distribution system including a supply cable with a power consumer system and with possible branches. The connection system includes a connection box in which a number of connection terminals are arranged for connecting and connecting conductors. Furthermore, the coupling system includes a safety element.

Embodiments of the coupling system will be presented, but it is appropriate to first describe the most central element in said coupling system; namely the connection terminal.

In many contexts where electricity is involved, it is appropriate to connect a number of electrical wires in some form of junction box or terminal block. For example, connection clamps are used in light masts where there is very limited space and difficult working conditions when maintenance is required. When you connect relatively rigid wires or cables in a system, you are dependent on the clamps being arranged in a specific order and this means that you "lock" the individual clamp so that it becomes difficult to release it for troubleshooting in a situation where an error has occurred in the cable system. To be able to troubleshoot, you need to be able to attach measuring equipment to that conductor in the cable without these being connected to other parts in the system. It is difficult to do with the coupling clamps available on the market today. When troubleshooting existing solutions, one is dependent on being able to free the cables from each other, or untie the connections.

By "rail of electrically conductive material" is meant any physical realization of electrically conductive material in a shape, dimension and rigidity desired for the purpose, so that it (the rail) according to the connection form chosen for electrical connection to the connecting pieces, is able to maintain electrical contact between these over time. The "rail" is preferably a lask, a metallic plate with or without recesses on one side to be able to slide under fixing screws/socket screws. The rail or lash can also be designed to be pressed against the coupling pieces by spring loading when the coupling pieces and the rail/ lash are placed in the "active" position. When troubleshooting, the rail is brought out of electrical contact with the connectors by moving the rail away from the connectors or vice versa. Figure la shows a connection clamp 10 without a cover with cable guides 11 for the introduction of electrical cables, connector pieces 12, one for each cable opening, a comb-shaped rail or strap 13 which, by means of fastening eyes 17, one for each connector piece 12, ensures electrical contact with each connecting piece and thus with each wire (not shown) that is connected to the connecting terminal via the wiring guides 11. A screw 16, so-called threaded pin, is found on each connecting piece 12 to screw the electrical conductor from each wire that is connected to the connecting terminal. While the rail or tab 13 is shown with its open side in the direction of the wiring guides 11, there is nothing to prevent it being adapted to sit in the opposite orientation. Figure 1b shows the connection clamp from Figure 1 with top cover 14b attached. Figure 2 shows in perspective a connecting piece 12 with cable opening 15 and screw (threaded pin) 16 designed to screw in a stripped part of a cable which is led into the cable opening 15. Fixing screw 17 is shown slightly retracted in relation to screw 16 and has purpose of attaching a rail or strap to each of the connecting pieces 12. Figure 3 shows the strap 13 from Figure la, which strap functions as an electrical rail across all the connecting pieces 12. As the strap 13 is comb-shaped, it can be pulled free from the connecting pieces immediately each of the fixing screws 17 is just loosened, that is to say without unscrewing the fixing screws completely. The fastening screws 17 can alternatively be replaced by plugs (not shown) which are pulled against the coupling pieces with spring loading. The latch can then be pulled free from the plugs without the use of tools, and then pushed back. In such a case, it would be advantageous if the lash is wedge-shaped, thinnest at the outer end of the teeth and thicker at the "back" of the comb, so that the teeth can be easily passed under the respective spring-loaded plug and then gradually tighten the plugs by pushing the lash in to its back comes into contact with the plugs. Figure 4a shows a connecting terminal which corresponds to the connecting terminal shown in Figure 1a, except that it is double, that is to say comprises two rows of 4 connecting pieces arranged to connect 4 and 4 conductors. Only a few reference numbers are shown in figure 4a, as it is obvious that the individual elements correspond completely to those shown in figure la. In Figure 4a, the flaps 13 are shown positioned back to back. There is no prerequisite for the invention. They can just as easily be placed so that one or both have the opposite orientation to the one shown. Figure 4b shows the connection clamp from Figure 4a with the top cover attached.

In the following, the use of the connection clamp according to the invention and as illustrated in Figure 1 is explained in more detail. In normal operation, wires are connected to each connector 12 with each screw 16, and all the wires are connected via the latch 13 which is in electrical contact with all connectors 12. At the same time, it is worth noting that without the latch 13 in place there will not be electrical contact between some of the connecting pieces, even if the wires remain fixed in the connecting pieces by means of the screws 16. When troubleshooting each conductor individually, it is therefore sufficient to loosen the screws 17 just enough to be able to pull out the latch 13 and then connect measuring equipment to each of the screws 17, or to any electrically conductive part of each connector piece 12, in turn.

While the figures show screws 16 for fixing the wires in the connectors, it is also possible to replace the screws with fixing devices that do not include screws, for example as shown in the previously mentioned Norwegian patent no. 171 138.

The rail or strap 13 of electrically conductive material is typically arranged to be attached to the connecting pieces 12 by means of screws 16, but as mentioned can also be attached by means of, for example, spring-loaded plugs, which means that connection and disconnection of the rail can take place without tool. In the case of a spring-loaded contact, there is no absolute requirement that a spring-loaded mechanism is attached to each and every connecting piece as long as the mechanism ensures that the electrical contact is good with each connecting piece.

The rail can also be brought into contact with the coupling pieces by means of a holding device which does not take the form of individual screws for each coupling piece, but which nevertheless requires the use of a tool. Thus, for example, the rail can be detached from the coupling pieces by loosening (unscrewing) one fastening device common to all coupling pieces.

Fixing of electrical wires in the connection clamp can, as shown, include the use of screws 16 or so-called threaded pins, but can also be done with the help of clamping elements that do not require the use of a screwdriver or other tool.

The coupling clamps according to the present invention can have many different geometries, but a particularly rational geometry is as shown in the attached figures, where coupling pieces lie side by side in one or more rows.

The connecting terminal 10 comprises an electrically insulating housing, typically comprising a bottom cover 14a and a top cover 14b, which is sufficiently large so that the connecting pieces 12 can lie next to each other without being in electrical contact with each other. However, the housing does not need to include said top cover 14b. The housing is in principle divided into sections, one for each connecting piece 12, and each section can optionally be separated from the neighboring sections through an electrically insulating partition wall (not shown) in the bottom cover and possibly the top cover to make physical contact between the connecting pieces impossible.

While the coupling clamp 10 according to the present invention can come in many different shapes and sizes, it is assumed that there is a particular need for coupling clamps with four coupling pieces. In such an embodiment, it would be natural for the rail 13 to be designed to electrically connect all the connecting pieces of the connecting terminal. In the case of larger connecting terminals that have several rows of connecting pieces, cf. figure 4a, 4b, it will typically be natural for each rail to connect the connecting pieces that are in a common row.

In summary, it can be said that the connection clamp enables mutual electrical separation of the conductors that are connected together without loosening the conductors from their attachment points either by the use of screws or in any other way. The leaders can remain calm. This saves work, it increases the safety of the operation and it reduces the risk of introducing other errors into the system, such as broken conductors or poor contact, when an error is rectified.

The connecting clamp 10 is particularly suitable where space is limited, for example in a light pole. Up to 5 clamps are typically used in a specific system in such light masts as described in more detail below.

With the clamp, you can troubleshoot by removing the lid of the clamp and releasing the latch, which is easily accessible. By releasing this strap, each individual leader will be released. After the fault has been repaired, the latch can be refitted and the system can be easily put into operation.

Fuse element

A connection system according to the invention further comprises a security element arranged between a connection box and a consumption system.

The fuse element covered by the invention will typically be tightly integrated into the coupling system, both mechanically and electrically. Furthermore, the securing element may be embedded for reasons that will appear further on.

The connection system for light masts constitutes a particularly relevant application of the invention. The environment inside a light pole can be very humid, for example in the form of condensation due to temperature fluctuations. Condensation will form inside the cavity in the light pole and on equipment placed in it. Condensed moisture will also be able to flow along vertical elements and thereby penetrate insufficiently encapsulated elements that are mounted inside the post.

The issue of installing automatic fuses in light poles has been brought up to date in recent years. In the past, single-phase fuses (fuse) satisfied the relevant standards, but now protection is required in both phases. This is not possible with the help of fuses, which were previously frequently used in this connection.

Figure 5 schematically shows an embodiment of a fuse element (20) where an automatic fuse is embedded in molding compound. The connection devices for the circuit breaker here consist of two electric cables (21a, 21b) where one electric cable (21a) is typically connected to the supply, while the other electric cable (21b) can typically be connected to a load, for example in the form of a fixture .

The automatic fuse comprises an operating device (22) in the form of a rocker switch which enables manual operation.

A circuit breaker typically includes a main part whose main function is to break the current circuit in the event of a fault, thereby primarily securing the wiring network against loads it is not designed for. There are circuit breakers for single-pole and multi-pole breaks, but requirements for two- or more-pole breaks are becoming increasingly common.

The electrotechnical components that are cast in will typically be standard equipment. It will therefore not normally be necessary to acquire dedicated products, which will often be disproportionately expensive. The products can also be modular. However, standard, modular products in an embedded version will normally deviate from the standard in terms of size. Embedded versions in standard sizes can conceivably be provided by manufacturing switchgear for embedded in a custom smaller size.

This embodiment will be able to achieve a high degree of enclosure such as IP69K, and thereby be used under particularly demanding conditions (see below). The electrical cables (21a, 21b) are here connected directly to the circuit breaker. Embedding the electrical cables (21a, 21b) helps to achieve the aforementioned high degree of encapsulation. The molding compound will effectively seal around the cables (21a, 21b) along relatively long parts of them at the connection points to the circuit breaker.

Another advantage of the embodiment with directly connected conductors (21a, 21b) is that production and maintenance are simplified and that acquisition and maintenance costs are reduced. Embedding the electrical cables (21a, 21b) therefore contributes significantly to achieving the high degree of encapsulation in this embodiment.

The electric cables (21a, 21b) are connected to a part of each quick coupling (23). The quick connectors (23) can typically be suitable for connection to a junction box on one supply side and to a consumption system on the other side.

Figure 6 shows a fuse element (20) which corresponds to the fuse element in Figure 5, but where the cables (21a, 21b) are not terminated with quick connectors (23). This solution is particularly suitable when the securing element (20) is integrated into a coupling pole.

Thereby, the connection devices do not need to include contacts or plugs. Contacts and plugs are elements that typically provide a lower degree of encapsulation. For example, a Schuko connector with a flap lid provides an enclosure rating of IP44.

Figure 7 shows a further embodiment in which the connection devices comprise quick connectors (23) where the quick connectors are partially embedded. This embodiment will also be able to achieve a relatively high degree of enclosure such as IP67 or IP68, and thereby be used under demanding conditions. While this embodiment can offer a high degree of encapsulation, adjacent equipment is connected by means of separate cables; which can be beneficial for production and installation.

A particularly relevant application of the invention is the use of a built-in circuit breaker in light poles. In earlier times, there was no requirement for a 2-pole break in case of failure in light poles, and fuses were used. The requirement for 2-pole breaking combined with the need for a high degree of enclosure creates a need for a built-in circuit breaker. The cable to the fixture will typically be 6-10 m long, while the cable to the normal supply will be shorter (for example approx. 50 cm). The embedded circuit breaker can be according to one of the embodiments described above.

Electrical connection diagram

Figure 8 shows an electrical connection diagram for a light mast based on a connection system according to the invention. The illustrated embodiment constitutes a 220 V IT system with earth. Other embodiments are illustrated in subsequent figures, but the main principles are mainly described in relation to the present figure.

Briefly summarized, the figure shows an electrical connection from a supply cable (30a) to a number of light fixtures in a light mast, where the connection takes place via a junction box, a first quick connection (23a) comprising a contact and plug, a fuse element (20) and a second quick connection (23b). to each of said fittings (32a-d). In the connection box, there are connection terminals (L1-L3, PE) which are generally described in greater detail above. Furthermore, the figure shows how the supply cable (30a) can be connected to a number of possible branches (31a-c).

An electric supply cable (30a) comprises four conductors, of which three of the conductors provide three phases and the fourth conductor is connected to earth. Each of the three phase conductors as well as the earth conductor is connected to its own connecting piece (12) in its own connecting terminal (LI, L2, L3, PE). Each connecting terminal (LI, L2, L3, PE) in the present embodiment comprises four connecting pieces (12) which are connected together by means of a rail (13). Two phase conductors and an earth conductor are further connected to a quick coupling (23a) from a coupling piece (12) in each of their respective coupling terminals (L2, L3). Furthermore, the connection terminal (PE) is connected to earth via an earthing point which, in the present example, is mounted in the light pole. The latter connecting pieces (12) can advantageously be different from the connecting piece where the phase conductors () from the supply cable (30a) are connected. Beneficial aspects in this context will emerge in connection with the description of troubleshooting.

The quick coupling (23a) is arranged for electrical connection of a fuse (20) to two phases and earth by means of a quick coupling (23a) contact with a corresponding plug. Connecting the fuse (20) to the junction box () will therefore be able to be carried out by a person who is not skilled in electrical engineering. In alternative embodiments, the connection between the junction box () and the fuse (20) can be direct without any quick coupling (23a) as will appear below.

The fuse (20) is arranged to be able to break contact for each of the phases, while earth will be continuous. The fuse (20) can have a number of embodiments as described above. In the present application in connection with a light pole, it will typically be embedded.

The fuse (20) is connected on the output side (consumer side) to one or more quick connectors () for connecting a consumer element. In the present embodiment, the consumer element is made up of a light fitting (32a-d). In the event that there are several quick connectors (23b), these will be connected in parallel.

The present solution provides the possibility of disconnections on the supply side of the junction box (). One or more branches can be arranged at each junction box (). One separation will only involve a further connection in series via a supply cable to a next junction box (). Two branches will correspond to a T-connection which, in the case of light masts, will typically be relevant in connection with a side road. Three branchings as indicated in the figure will give an X connection which in the present embodiment is relevant at a road junction.

Connection of branches is realized by corresponding phase conductors from the supply cable (30a) and each of the possible branch cables (31) being connected to an associated connection terminal (Ll-3, PE)). The earth conductors from the supply cable and each of the possible branching cables are connected to a connection terminal (PE). Corresponding phase conductors from the supply cable and the possible branches will also typically be connected to connecting pieces (12) arranged in a corresponding position in each connecting terminal (Ll-3).

Figure 9 shows an electrical connection diagram for a light mast based on an ungrounded, double-insulated 220V IT embodiment of the connection system according to the invention.

The embodiment largely corresponds to that illustrated in

Figure 8 with the difference that the pole is double-insulated and therefore not to be earthed. Figure 10 shows an electrical connection diagram for a light pole based on a grounded 400V IT embodiment of the connection system according to the invention. The design largely corresponds to that illustrated in Figure 8. In a 400V IT system, however, neutral is included in addition to the three phases. The supply cable (30a) and any branches (31a-c) will therefore include an additional conductor which will be connected to a separate connection terminal (N). Conductor from a phase terminal (L3) and the connection terminal (N) for neutral is further connected to quick coupling (23a). Figure 11 shows an electrical connection diagram for a light pole based on an ungrounded, double-insulated 400V IT embodiment of the connection system according to the invention.

The embodiment largely corresponds to that illustrated in

Figure 10 with the difference that the post is double insulated and therefore not to be earthed.

Mechanical solution

Figure 12 shows a system drawing of an embodiment of the invention where the various main elements are produced separately from each other.

The connection system is connected to the supply cable (30) and any separation cables (31) where the conductors from these are connected to connection terminals (10) covered by a connection box (19). The connection box (19) is further arranged in a connection pole

(24) with a cover (24a) over the switching center. An external fuse element (20) is arranged to be connected by means of a quick coupling (23a) on the supply side and another quick coupling (23b) on the consumption side. Figure 13 a-d presents respectively a side view, a top view, a section and an enlarged top view of an embodiment of the invention with a separate securing element (20). Figure 13 a shows a view of the connection system seen from the side of the connection box (19) and the fuse element (20). From the right in the figure, it is illustrated how the supply cable and any branching cables in the power distribution system enter the connection pole (24). The coupling pole (24) comprises on the left the coupling box (19) which is illustrated here in an open state without a lid; which gives access to the connection terminals (10) . The present embodiment comprises four connection terminals (10), where each connection terminal (10) is provided with a connection terminal cover (14b). One of the coupling clamps (10) is illustrated with the corresponding coupling clamp cover (14b) open so that direct access is given to the coupling pieces (12). The remaining three terminal blocks (10) are illustrated with their associated terminal covers (14b) closed.

The terminal covers (14b) provide individual protection of each terminal (10); which is beneficial during normal operation and especially during assembly and troubleshooting. As described above in relation to the electrical connection diagram, a connection terminal (10) will be arranged for each phase and possibly neutral and/or earth in the power distribution system. This will enable troubleshooting of one phase while the other phases are protected.

The connection terminals (10) are further arranged in stages in the connection box as shown in Figures 13 b and c. Such a step-by-step arrangement helps to ensure that the limited volume in the connection box (19) is used effectively while also providing easy access to each connection terminal (10) by to open the corresponding connector terminal cover (14b).

Figures 13 a and b further illustrate how the junction box (19) is connected together with a cast-in fuse (20) where the connection is provided by a cable from the junction box (19) led through the junction post (24) to an entrance to the fuse (20) via a quick coupling (23a). Furthermore, a cable is arranged with a connector from an output from the fuse (20) for connecting a consumer system.

The solution described above allows the connecting pole (24), fuse (20) and consumer system to be mainly done by personnel without authorization in the electrotechnical area.

Figure 14 a-c presents respectively a side view, a top view and a section of an embodiment of the invention with an integrated fuse element where the fuse (20) is integrated with the connection box (19) in the connection pole (24).

In this embodiment, the connection pole comprises a volume in which the fuse (20) is arranged, and where said volume is connected to the connection box (19) so that the connection terminals (10) and the fuse () are simultaneously accessible. Here, the fuse is electrically connected to the relevant connection terminals (10) directly by means of a cable without the use of a quick connection. Cable for connecting the consumer system is connected to an output from the fuse (20) and led through the connection post (24) and on the outside of this towards the consumer system. At the end of the cable there is a quick connector (23) for connecting the consumer system so that said connection can be carried out by personnel without electrotechnical authorisation.

A lid (24a) is also arranged in the opening in the coupling pole (24) above the coupling box (19) and the volume where the fuse (20) is arranged. The lid (24a) is suitable for closing the latter opening in the coupling pole (24) and thereby helping to protect what is arranged inside it. In addition to being protected by the cover (24a) over the switching center, the connection terminals (10) can be protected by the connection terminal cover (14b) among other things to achieve a double-insulated system.

Figures 15a-d respectively present a top view, a section parallel to the top view, a longitudinal section perpendicular to the top view, and a front view of an embodiment of a switching center according to the invention.

The switching center (40) comprises a number of connecting terminals (10) in a stepped, stair-like structure where the connecting terminals (10) are arranged mainly parallel to each other (as appears in Figures 15a-c), but shifted in a direction perpendicular to the top outline (as it appears in Figures 15c-d).

The top view in Figure 15a illustrates how the device of

the coupling clamps (10) in parallel, but typically offset by somewhat more than the width of a coupling clamp (10), allow access to each coupling clamp (10) so that each associated rail (13) can be released and attached.

The longitudinal section perpendicular to the top view in Figure 15a-d shows how the number of coupling clamps (10) is arranged in a stair-like structure in that each coupling clamp (10) is offset in the latter section. Said displacement provides improved access to the connecting pieces (12) in the connecting clamps (10) for connecting conductors in cables; which is advantageous especially in connection with the installation of the system. The front view in Figure 15d illustrates how the present arrangement of the coupling clamps (10) provides access to corresponding coupling pieces (12).

A switching center (40) according to the invention provides a compact connection of cables where these are fed into their respective connecting pieces (12) and arranged in a defined, sorted and clear manner. Such a solution offers advantages both before and during assembly, when changing the configuration and when troubleshooting and handling error situations.

In connection with assembly, cables with conductors can be cut to optimal lengths in accordance with the geometry of the switching center (40). Assembly, including connection to cables within a very limited volume, becomes more clear and simple. In narrow spaces in pipe columns such as light masts, it is particularly important to be able to arrange the cables correctly in order to have room for connection and troubleshooting.

It is also possible to troubleshoot the individual cable by releasing the latches/rails (13) in the connection center (40). A good overview and access to the connection system is important when troubleshooting a plant.

The solution also has advantages in error situations in the form of quick, clear and simple handling. A concrete example in this context could be that if a mast is driven down in a facility, it will be easy to go to the mast in front and disconnect the lasher (13) and thereby quickly de-energize the rest of the facility.

Installation/mounting

The present solution provides simplified and cost-effective installation and assembly as will be seen in what follows, where it is characteristic that this takes place in stages where at least one stage requires the use of electrotechnical specialist personnel, while another does not.

In what follows, an embodiment of the method for mounting according to the invention is presented, where the connection system that is mounted corresponds to that described above in connection with the light mast.

Cables in the form of supply cables and branch cables are pulled up from the foundation and cut to the correct height. The cables are stripped. The ground wire is connected to earthen roads, pulled up into the connecting pole and connected to the foundation. Corresponding phase conductors from each cable are arranged and cut to the correct height; that is, so that all the phase conductors for each phase are suitable for connecting to one connection terminal (10) which can also be called a phase terminal. The phase clamps are then mounted by connecting each phase conductor to a connector (12).

When the cables are connected to the connection clamps (10), the lid is closed and the cables are arranged in a cable bundle as described above, this is arranged in a connection box. A lid is then arranged over the junction box so that the connections are double insulated.

Normally, installation of the light mast itself will take place at a later time than the installation of the connecting pole, as this will have logistical advantages that reduce resource use, among other things, in terms of personnel. In this case, a temporary protection, for example in the form of a cone (25), will be mounted over the connection pole pending installation of the light pole itself as illustrated in Figure 16. The cone will have several functions in that it hides and protects the connections and acts as a warning in the construction area and thereby protects foundations and cables. In addition, the cone can be used for damage to facilities pending repair and possibly a new light pole.

The installation of a connection pole as described above requires the use of personnel who are authorized to carry out electrotechnical installations.

The light poles themselves are typically transported to the construction council using a crane. The installation then includes an electrical connection between the consumer system and the connection pole by connecting one or more plugs to corresponding contacts arranged in the connection pole. The assembly may include a fuse being mounted and connected using a quick connection to the junction box. In simple embodiments of the connection system, the fuse is integrated in the connection box or already internally connected to it, so that the aforementioned mounting step is not applicable.

Furthermore, a consumer system with one or more consumption points, e.g. in the form of lighting fixtures, is usually connected to the fuse box using the corresponding number of quick connectors.

The procedure for installing the light mast, including the connection of fuses and light fixtures, is particularly advantageous because it can be carried out by personnel who are not authorized to carry out electrotechnical installations. This is made possible by the solution for the coupling system according to the present invention.

Troubleshooting

The coupling system according to the invention provides efficient and simple troubleshooting as will be seen below. The troubleshooting procedure typically involves first opening the junction box lid (and possibly the lid of each terminal block) to gain access to the terminal blocks. According to the invention, the connection clamps are further arranged in stages, which is advantageous because it helps to provide easy access to these with their associated connection rails.

In fault situations, the connecting rails/slats are typically disconnected from the associated connecting pieces so that open phases are achieved in all cables, which can thereby be fault-checked. This also makes it possible to check the supply against the fuse.

The solution according to the invention enables troubleshooting without loosening the cables; which is particularly beneficial.

Claims (16)

1. Connection system for electrical installations in pipe columns such as light masts, road railings, sign systems, portals, where there is limited space for mounting electrical components including cables, where the connection system is arranged for connecting a power distribution system comprising a supply cable (30a) and possibly one or more branching cables (31a-c), and a power consumer system comprising a consumer element, where the cables in the power distribution system comprise one conductor per phase as well as possibly earth and/or neutral; where the connection system comprises: - a connection terminal (10) where each connection terminal (10) comprises: - a number of connection pieces (12) arranged electrically separate from each other, each connection piece (12) being designed to be connected to at least one electrical wire, as well as - a rail (13) of an electrically conductive material arranged to form electrical contact between the connecting pieces (12), where the connection system provides access to each rail (13), so that each rail (13) can be released separately and thereby provide access to associated connecting pieces (12) for troubleshooting without disconnecting the individual conductor, characterized by the connection system comprises a connection terminal (10) for each phase as well as possibly earth and/or neutral where each connection terminal (10) comprises a housing (14) comprising a lower part (14a) and an upper part (14b) of an electrically insulating material, and where the connecting pieces (12) are arranged electrically separated from each other in the housing (14), and the rail (13) to form electrical contact between the coupling pieces (12) is designed to be temporarily released from the coupling pieces (12) if necessary so that the electrical contact between each coupling piece (12) is broken, and where the coupling system further comprises a coupling pole (24) for arranging the coupling clamps (10) so that a coupling clamp (10) is arranged for connecting the conductors for each and the same phase and a coupling clamp (10) is arranged for connecting the conductors for each of the possible earth and/or neutral. 2. Connection system according to claim 1, where the connection clamps (10) are arranged in parallel in a stepped structure so that access is provided to the connection pieces (12) for connection of conductors. 3. Coupling system according to claim 1 or 2, where - the coupling pole (24) comprises a cover (24a) over the coupling clamps (10). 4. A coupling system according to one of the above claims, further comprising a securing element (20) suitable for being arranged between the coupling pole (24) and the consumption system. 5. A coupling system according to one of the above claims, where the coupling system is arranged so that it can be connected to the consumption system by means of one or more quick couplings (23). 6. A coupling system according to claim 4 or 5, where the coupling system is arranged so that the fuse element (20) can be connected to the coupling clamps (10) by means of one or more quick couplings (23). 7. Coupling system according to one of claims 4-6, where the fuse element (20) is arranged integrated into a coupling pole (24) with a lid (24a) over the coupling clamps suitable to provide access to both said coupling clamps (10) and fuse element (20) . 8. A coupling system according to one of the above claims, where the rail (13) is arranged to be either - attached to the coupling pieces (12) by means of screws (17) and/or - brought into contact with the coupling pieces (12) by spring loading from a holding device that can be brought in or out of contact without the use of tools and/or - attached to the coupling pieces (12) by means of a holding device which is designed to be brought in or out of electrical contact using a suitable tool. 9. Connection system according to one of the above claims, where each connection piece (12) is equipped for either screwing or screwless clamping of the wire. 10. A coupling system according to one of the above claims, where the coupling pieces (12) are arranged side by side in at least one row. 11. Coupling system according to one of the above claims, where the housing (14) is sectioned into a number of sections corresponding to the number of coupling pieces (12) with partitions that make electrical contact between the coupling pieces (12) impossible. 12. Connection system according to one of the above claims, where the housing (14) is arranged to accommodate a number of at least two, preferably four, connecting pieces (12), arranged to electrically connect all conductors in the connecting clamp (10) together by means of a or more rails (13). 13. Coupling system according to one of claims 4 to 12, where the securing element (20) is cast in and comprises encapsulation devices suitable for protecting against the penetration of solid objects and fluids, where the encapsulation devices further comprise molding compound which encloses parts of the securing element (20) to contribute to to achieve an improved degree of enclosure. 14. Connection system according to claim 13, where parts of at least one electrical connection device in the form of a cable (21a-b) or a quick coupling (23a-b) are at least partially embedded in a common molding compound with the embedded security element (20). 15. Method for mounting a connection system according to claim 1, where the method comprises: - introduction of supply cables comprising supply cable (30a) and possibly one or more separation cables (31); - cutting the conductors in the supply cables to a suitable length for the step-by-step arrangement of connecting terminals (10); - stripping the supply cables; - connection of a connection terminal (10) for each phase as well as possibly earth and/or neutral connection terminals; and - stepwise arrangement of the coupling clamps (10) in a coupling pole (24) so that access is given to each rail (13), so that each rail (13) can be released separately; - arrangement of a quick connector on the cable for connecting a consumption system; - connecting the consumption system and a safety element (20) by means of a quick coupling (23b); and - connecting the connecting terminals (10) and fuse element (20) by means of a quick coupling (23a) if the fuse element (20) is not already connected to the connection terminals (10). 16. Method for troubleshooting a connection system for electrical installations in pipe columns according to one of claims 3-14, where the method comprises the following steps: - separate release of the upper part (14b) and/or a cover (24a) over the connection terminals of one or more connection terminals ( 10) so that access to the rail (13) is given to each of the one or more connecting terminals (10); - disconnection of the rails (13) to the one or more of the connection terminals (10) so that one or more open phases and/or earth and neutral are obtained without detaching any conductor; - troubleshooting of the open phase(s) and/or earth and neutral; and - connecting the disconnected rails (13).