NO317234B1 - Procedure for extracting fishmeal - Google Patents
Procedure for extracting fishmeal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO317234B1 NO317234B1 NO19960391A NO960391A NO317234B1 NO 317234 B1 NO317234 B1 NO 317234B1 NO 19960391 A NO19960391 A NO 19960391A NO 960391 A NO960391 A NO 960391A NO 317234 B1 NO317234 B1 NO 317234B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- solids
- centrifuge
- liquid phase
- heat treatment
- oil
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 5
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J1/00—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites
- A23J1/04—Obtaining protein compositions for foodstuffs; Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites from fish or other sea animals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L17/10—Fish meal or powder; Granules, agglomerates or flakes
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
Ved en fremgangsmåte for utvinning av fiskemel blir oppsluttet fiskeråvare (1) separert i faste stoffer (3) og en væskefase (4) som inneholder faste stoffer, i en helommantlet skruesentrifuge (2). Væskefasen (4) som inneholder, faste stoffer, oppvarmes i en koagulator (5) til 100 til 150 °C i 15 til 40 sekunder og blir deretter igjen avkjølt til arbeidstemperaturen i en ekspansjonstank (6) ved hjelp av indirekte avkjøling. Ved hjelp av den kortvarige varmebehandling i koagulatoren (5) blir de faste stoffer koagulert uten at andelen av fordøyelige proteiner blir vesentlig minsket. Etter koaguleringen er væskefasens emulsjonsandel for størstepartens vedkommende spaltet og oljen; som på forhånd var bundet i de findelte, faste stoffer, vidtgående frigjort. De fettfattige faste stoffer som er blitt koagulert til større partikler, blir nå, fraskilt i en tredje sentrifuge (7), hvorved fås en væskefase (8) som er fattig på faste stoffer og fra hvilken olje fjernes i en annen sentrifuge (10).In a process for extracting fishmeal, digested fish raw material (1) is separated into solids (3) and a liquid phase (4) containing solids, in a fully jacketed screw centrifuge (2). The liquid phase (4) containing solids is heated in a coagulator (5) to 100 to 150 ° C for 15 to 40 seconds and is then again cooled to the working temperature in an expansion tank (6) by means of indirect cooling. By means of the short-term heat treatment in the coagulator (5), the solids are coagulated without the proportion of digestible proteins being significantly reduced. After coagulation, the emulsion fraction of the liquid phase is for the most part split and the oil; which were previously bound in the finely divided solids, largely liberated. The low-fat solids that have been coagulated into larger particles are now separated in a third centrifuge (7), thereby obtaining a liquid phase (8) which is poor in solids and from which oil is removed in another centrifuge (10).
Description
Oppfinnelsen angår en fremgangsmåte for utvinning av fiskemel, hvor den oppsluttede fiskeråvare bestående av faste stoffer, limvann, emulsjon og fiskeolje tilføres til en helommantlet skruesentrifuge for fraskillelse av de grove faste stoffer og hvor væskefasen som strømmer ut fra skruesentrifugen og inneholder faste stoffer, befris for olje i en tredje sentrifuge. The invention relates to a method for extracting fishmeal, where the digested fish raw material consisting of solids, glue water, emulsion and fish oil is fed to a full-jacketed screw centrifuge for separation of the coarse solids and where the liquid phase that flows out of the screw centrifuge and contains solids is freed from oil in a third centrifuge.
En slik fremgangsmåte er for eksempel kjent fra GB 2173086 A. Fremfor alt ved bearbeidelsen av relativt små fisker og/eller ukonserverte gamle fiskeråvarer inneholder væskefasen som strømmer ut fra skruesentrifugen, fremdeles høye emulsjonsandeler så vel som en høy andel av findelte faste stoffer som inneholder bundet fett. Disse emulsjonsandeler og findelte faste stoffer forblir ved oljefjerningen vidtgående i limvannfasen som strømmer ut fra den tredje sentrifuge og som deretter oppkonsentreres ved hjelp av et inndampningsanlegg og bearbeides til fiskemel sammen med det faste stoff. Som regel blir en vakuumfallstrømfordamper anvendt for inndampningen for fremstilling av LT-fiskemel (LT = lav temperatur). På grunn av de sammenlignet med vanlige inndampningsanlegg lavere inndampningstemperaturer betinger disse fallstrømfordampere lavere energikostnader og øker andelen av fordøyelige proteiner i fiskemelet. Such a method is known, for example, from GB 2173086 A. Above all, when processing relatively small fish and/or unpreserved old fish raw materials, the liquid phase flowing out of the screw centrifuge still contains high emulsion proportions as well as a high proportion of finely divided solids containing bound fat. During the oil removal, these emulsion proportions and finely divided solids remain largely in the glue water phase which flows out of the third centrifuge and which is then concentrated by means of an evaporation plant and processed into fishmeal together with the solids. As a rule, a vacuum drop-flow evaporator is used for the evaporation for the production of LT fishmeal (LT = low temperature). Due to the lower evaporation temperatures compared to conventional evaporation plants, these downflow evaporators result in lower energy costs and increase the proportion of digestible proteins in the fishmeal.
Det er imidlertid en ulempe ved dette at på grunn av de lave temperaturer However, there is a disadvantage to this that due to the low temperatures
blir fettet fra de findelte faste stoffer i limvannfasen ikke lenger oppsluttet under inndampningen, hvorved en oljefjerning fra konsentrater ikke er mulig, slik at fettinnholdet i fiskemelet øker og proteininnholdet dermed reduseres. the fat from the finely divided solids in the glue water phase is no longer absorbed during evaporation, whereby oil removal from concentrates is not possible, so that the fat content in the fishmeal increases and the protein content thereby decreases.
Det tas ved oppfinnelsen sikte på å fremskaffe en fremgangsmåte ved hjelp av hvilken fettinnholdet i fiskemel kan reduseres og proteininnholdet økes også ved anvendelse av lavtemperaturinndampningsanlegg. The invention aims to provide a method by means of which the fat content in fishmeal can be reduced and the protein content increased also by using low-temperature evaporation plants.
Med oppfinnelsen tilveiebringes således en fremgangsmåte for utvinning av fiskemel, hvor den oppsluttede fiskeråvare som består av faste stoffer, limvann, emulsjon og fiskeolje, tilføres en helommantlet skruesentrifuge for fraskillelse av de grove faste stoffer, og hvor væskefasen som inneholder faste stoffer og strømmer ut fra skruesentrifugen, befris for olje i en tredje sentrifuge, kjennetegnet ved at væskefasen som inneholder faste stoffer, først utsettes for koagulering av de faste stoffer ved en kortvarig varmebehandling, at de koagulerte faste stoffer deretter fraskilles via en andre sentrifuge, og at væskefasen som strømmer ut fra den andre sentrifuge, tilføres den tredje sentrifuge for fraskillelse av fiskeoljen. The invention thus provides a method for extracting fishmeal, where the suspended fish raw material, which consists of solids, glue water, emulsion and fish oil, is fed to a fully jacketed screw centrifuge for separation of the coarse solids, and where the liquid phase, which contains solids and flows out from the screw centrifuge, is freed from oil in a third centrifuge, characterized by the fact that the liquid phase containing solids is first subjected to coagulation of the solids by a short-term heat treatment, that the coagulated solids are then separated via a second centrifuge, and that the liquid phase that flows out from the second centrifuge, is fed to the third centrifuge for separating the fish oil.
Ved hjelp av den kortvarige varmebehandling av væskefasen som inneholder faste stoffer, ved relativt høy temperatur med kort oppholdstid, fås en koagulering av de faste stoffer uten at andelen av fordøyelige proteiner blir vesentlig nedsatt. Etter koaguleringen er størsteparten av emulsjonsandelen i væskefasen spaltet og oljen som på forhånd var bundet i de findelte faste stoffer, vidtgående frigjort. De fettfattige faste stoffer som er koagulert til større partikler, lar seg effektivt fraskille i den andre sentrifuge, hvorved en væskefase som er fattig på faste stoffer oppnås og som bevirker en lavere belastning av den tredje sentrifuge så vel som inndampningsanlegget og dermed en forlengelse av hen-standstiden. På grunn av oljen som under varmebehandlingen er blitt frigjort fra de findelte faste stoffer, så vel som på grunn av emulsjonsspaltningen, fås et høyere olje-utbytte, så vel som at fettandelen i limvannet etter den tredje sentrifuge blir redusert. Derved fås et fiskemel med lavere fettinnhold, dvs. høyere proteininnhold, sammenlignet med den kjente fremgangsmåte (uten koagulering). By means of the short-term heat treatment of the liquid phase containing solids, at a relatively high temperature with a short residence time, a coagulation of the solids is obtained without the proportion of digestible proteins being significantly reduced. After coagulation, the majority of the emulsion portion in the liquid phase is split and the oil that was previously bound in the finely divided solids is largely released. The low-fat solids that are coagulated into larger particles can be effectively separated in the second centrifuge, whereby a liquid phase that is poor in solids is obtained and which causes a lower load on the third centrifuge as well as the evaporation plant and thus an extension of - the stand time. Due to the oil that has been released from the finely divided solids during the heat treatment, as well as due to the emulsion splitting, a higher oil yield is obtained, as well as the fat content in the glue water after the third centrifuge being reduced. This results in a fishmeal with a lower fat content, i.e. a higher protein content, compared to the known method (without coagulation).
Ifølge en fordelaktig utførelsesform er den andre sentrifuge utformet som fullommantlet skruesentrifuge. Dette sikrer en god fraskillelse av de koagulerte fettfattige faste stoffer som kan overføres direkte til pressen eller til tørkeapparatet. According to an advantageous embodiment, the second centrifuge is designed as a fully jacketed screw centrifuge. This ensures a good separation of the coagulated low-fat solids which can be transferred directly to the press or to the dryer.
Ifølge en ytterligere fordelaktig utførelsesform blir varmebehandlingen utført ved en temperatur fra 100 til 150 °C. Ved denne temperatur fås en optimal koagulering. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of 100 to 150 °C. At this temperature, optimal coagulation is achieved.
Ifølge en ytterligere fordelaktig utførelsesform utgjør varigheten av varmebehandlingen maksimalt 120 sekunder. Denne tid er tilstrekkelig for en effektiv koagulering. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the duration of the heat treatment amounts to a maximum of 120 seconds. This time is sufficient for effective coagulation.
En ytterligere fordelaktig utførelsesform er kjennetegnet ved at varigheten av varmebehandlingen utgjør minimum 5 sekunder. Denne tid er den minste nødvendige tid for å bevirke koagulering. A further advantageous embodiment is characterized by the duration of the heat treatment being a minimum of 5 seconds. This time is the minimum time necessary to effect coagulation.
Ifølge en ytterligere fordelaktig utførelsesform finner varmebehandlingen sted i løpet av en tid fra 15 til 40 sekunder. Denne tid er på den ene side tilstrekkelig for en effektiv koagulering og hindrer på den annen side en vesentlig redusering av den fordøyelige proteinandel. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the heat treatment takes place over a period of 15 to 40 seconds. This time is, on the one hand, sufficient for effective coagulation and, on the other hand, prevents a significant reduction in the digestible protein proportion.
Et utførelseseksempel på oppfinnelsen er vist på tegningen og er nedenfor nærmere forklart. An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail below.
Den oppsluttede fiskeråvare er betegnet med 1 på figuren og blir i en helommantlet skruesentrifuge 2 separert i faste stoffer 3 og en væskefase 4 som inneholder faste stoffer og som etter kortvarig varmebehandling i en koagulator 5 og avkjøling i en ekspansjonstank 6 tilføres en andre sentrifuge 7 i hvilken en separering i en væskefase 8 og faste stoffer 9 finner sted. I en tredje sentrifuge 10 blir væskefasen 8 separert i fiskeolje 11 og limvann 12. The trapped fish raw material is denoted by 1 in the figure and is separated in a fully jacketed screw centrifuge 2 into solids 3 and a liquid phase 4 which contains solids and which, after brief heat treatment in a coagulator 5 and cooling in an expansion tank 6, is fed to a second centrifuge 7 in in which a separation into a liquid phase 8 and solids 9 takes place. In a third centrifuge 10, the liquid phase 8 is separated into fish oil 11 and glue water 12.
Væskefasen 4 som inneholder faste stoffer og som strømmer ut fra den The liquid phase 4 which contains solids and which flows out from it
helommantlede skruesentrifuge 2, oppvarmes i koagulatoren 5 i 15 til 40 sekunder til 100 til 150 °C og blir deretter i ekspansjonstanken 6 igjen avkjølt til arbeidstemperaturen ved hjelp av indirekte avkjøling. Som følge av den kortvarige varmebehandling i koagulatoren 5 oppnås en koagulering av de faste stoffer uten vesentlig å minske andelen av fordøye-lige proteiner. Etter koaguleringen er emulsjonsandelen i væskefasen for størstepartens vedkommende spaltet og oljen som på forhånd var bundet i de findelte faste stoffer, fully jacketed screw centrifuge 2, is heated in the coagulator 5 for 15 to 40 seconds to 100 to 150 °C and is then cooled in the expansion tank 6 again to the working temperature by means of indirect cooling. As a result of the short-term heat treatment in the coagulator 5, coagulation of the solids is achieved without significantly reducing the proportion of digestible proteins. After coagulation, the emulsion portion in the liquid phase is for the most part split and the oil that was previously bound in the finely divided solids,
vidtgående frigjort. De fettfattige faste stoffer som er blitt koagulert til større partikler, lar seg nå effektivt fraskille i den andre sentrifuge 7, hvorved en væskefase 8 som er fattig på faste stoffer oppnås og som befris for olje i den tredje sentrifuge 10. De faste stoffer 3 og 9 som er blitt fraskilt ved hjelp av sentrifugene 2 og 7, blir oppkonsentrert videre til fiskemel ved hjelp av påfølgende presser og tørkeapparat. Limvannet 12 som strømmer ut fra den tredje sentrifuge 10, er relativt fattig på faste stoffer og fett på grunn av den forutgå-ende fraskillelse av de koagulerte faste stoffer via sentrifugen 7 og på grunn av den delvise spaltning av væskefasens emulsjonsandel i løpet av koaguleringen så vel som den vidtgående fjerning av olje fra de faste stoffer, slik at inndampningsanlegget blir avlastet (lengre henstandstid) og et widely liberated. The low-fat solids which have been coagulated into larger particles can now be effectively separated in the second centrifuge 7, whereby a liquid phase 8 which is poor in solids is obtained and which is freed from oil in the third centrifuge 10. The solids 3 and 9, which has been separated using centrifuges 2 and 7, is further concentrated into fishmeal using subsequent presses and dryers. The glue water 12 that flows out of the third centrifuge 10 is relatively poor in solids and fat due to the previous separation of the coagulated solids via the centrifuge 7 and due to the partial splitting of the emulsion portion of the liquid phase during the coagulation. as well as the extensive removal of oil from the solids, so that the evaporation plant is relieved (longer grace period) and a
fiskemel med høyere proteininnhold blir fremstilt. fishmeal with a higher protein content is produced.
Fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er ikke bare egnet for umiddelbar bearbeidelse av oppsluttet fiskeråvare, men for eksempel også for bearbeidelse av fiskepressvann. The method according to the invention is not only suitable for immediate processing of entangled fish raw material, but for example also for processing fish press water.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19503092A DE19503092C1 (en) | 1995-02-01 | 1995-02-01 | Fish meal prepn. |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO960391D0 NO960391D0 (en) | 1996-01-30 |
| NO960391L NO960391L (en) | 1996-08-02 |
| NO317234B1 true NO317234B1 (en) | 2004-09-27 |
Family
ID=7752802
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO19960391A NO317234B1 (en) | 1995-02-01 | 1996-01-30 | Procedure for extracting fishmeal |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH08238076A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE19503092C1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK7196A (en) |
| IS (1) | IS2128B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO317234B1 (en) |
| PE (1) | PE46897A1 (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2147812C1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA96317B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB9904162D0 (en) * | 1999-02-23 | 1999-04-14 | Austevoill Fiskef R As | Process |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE8400549D0 (en) * | 1984-02-03 | 1984-02-03 | Alfa Laval Food & Dairy Eng | PROCEDURE FOR THE EXTRACTION OF A HIGH PROTEIN QUALITY MILL |
-
1995
- 1995-02-01 DE DE19503092A patent/DE19503092C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-01-12 IS IS4317A patent/IS2128B/en unknown
- 1996-01-16 ZA ZA96317A patent/ZA96317B/en unknown
- 1996-01-23 DK DK007196A patent/DK7196A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-25 PE PE1996000057A patent/PE46897A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-29 RU RU96101762/13A patent/RU2147812C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-30 NO NO19960391A patent/NO317234B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-31 JP JP8015419A patent/JPH08238076A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19503092C1 (en) | 1996-06-27 |
| RU2147812C1 (en) | 2000-04-27 |
| JPH08238076A (en) | 1996-09-17 |
| PE46897A1 (en) | 1997-11-19 |
| DK7196A (en) | 1996-08-02 |
| ZA96317B (en) | 1996-08-08 |
| IS2128B (en) | 2006-07-14 |
| NO960391D0 (en) | 1996-01-30 |
| NO960391L (en) | 1996-08-02 |
| IS4317A (en) | 1996-08-02 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK1K | Patent expired |