NO167468B - RAIL WHEEL. - Google Patents

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Publication number
NO167468B
NO167468B NO840455A NO840455A NO167468B NO 167468 B NO167468 B NO 167468B NO 840455 A NO840455 A NO 840455A NO 840455 A NO840455 A NO 840455A NO 167468 B NO167468 B NO 167468B
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NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
wheel
flange
hardened
hardening
raceway
Prior art date
Application number
NO840455A
Other languages
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO167468C (en
NO840455L (en
Inventor
Tore Ernerudh
Carl-Gustaf Lenasson
Original Assignee
Asea Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=20349956&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=NO167468(B) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Asea Ab filed Critical Asea Ab
Publication of NO840455L publication Critical patent/NO840455L/en
Publication of NO167468B publication Critical patent/NO167468B/en
Publication of NO167468C publication Critical patent/NO167468C/en

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B17/00Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements
    • B60B17/0055Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements with non-elastic tyres (e.g. of particular profile or composition)
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/06Surface hardening
    • C21D1/09Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/34Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tyres; for rims

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
  • Platform Screen Doors And Railroad Systems (AREA)

Description

Oppfinnelsen angår et jernbanehjul med løpebane og hjulflens der visse deler av flensen og/eller løpebanen er herdet. The invention relates to a railway wheel with a running track and a wheel flange where certain parts of the flange and/or running track are hardened.

Innsiden av hjulflensen på hjul og hjulringer (helhjul eller hjul med påkrympede hjulringer) for skinnegående kjøretøyer kan slites ned fort på grunn av den gjentatte glidning mot skinnene. The inside of the wheel flange on wheels and wheel rims (solid wheels or wheels with crimped wheel rims) for rail vehicles can wear down quickly due to the repeated sliding against the rails.

Det er tidligere kjent å utføre jernbanehjul med varmherdede flenser, og herdingen omfatter da hele flensen. Således beskriver eksempelvis DE patentskrift 971 761 herding av løpebanen for et jernbanehjul, men det er her ikke nevnt noe om fordelingen av denne herding til forskjellige deler av banen. It is previously known to make railway wheels with heat-hardened flanges, and the hardening then covers the entire flange. Thus, for example, DE patent document 971 761 describes hardening of the running track for a railway wheel, but nothing is mentioned here about the distribution of this hardening to different parts of the track.

Ulempen ved sådanne hjul er at temperaturen ved varmherdingen blir ujevn i hjulet, hvilket setter det gode resultat i fare. Et problem ved sådan varmherding er også at det oppstår overgangssoner til uherdede deler av hjulet, og at avskalling og/eller sprekkdannelse lett kan oppstå i disse overgangssoner. The disadvantage of such wheels is that the temperature during heat curing becomes uneven in the wheel, which puts the good result at risk. A problem with such heat hardening is also that transition zones occur to unhardened parts of the wheel, and that peeling and/or crack formation can easily occur in these transition zones.

En løsning på disse og andre hermed sammenhengende problemer er vist i norsk utlegningsskrift nr. 154 992 som beskriver et jernbanehjul der den del av flensen som er rettet mot løpebanen, i det minste delvis er hardgjort ved en tempe-ratur under 600°C. A solution to these and other related problems is shown in Norwegian design document no. 154 992 which describes a railway wheel in which the part of the flange which faces the running track is at least partially hardened at a temperature below 600°C.

Den foreliggende oppfinnelse utgjør en alternativ løsning av det ovenfor angitte problem. Et jernbanehjul ifølge oppfinnelsen er kjennetegnet ved at den mot løpebanen rettede del av flensen og deler av løpebanen er laserherdet slik at friksjonen mot skinnene blir stor i løperetningen og liten i hjulets sideretning. The present invention constitutes an alternative solution to the above-mentioned problem. A railway wheel according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the part of the flange facing the running track and parts of the running track are laser hardened so that the friction against the rails is large in the running direction and small in the side direction of the wheel.

Ved konvensjonell herding av flens og løpebane på jernbanehjul blir herdingen rotasjonssymmetrisk. Med laserherdingen kan deler av løpebanen (og eventuelt flensen) herdes på en ikke rotasjonssymmetrisk måte, slik at man kan oppnå den nevnte virkning at friksjonen mot skinnene blir stor i løpe-retningen og liten i hjulets sideretning. In conventional hardening of the flange and raceway on railway wheels, the hardening is rotationally symmetrical. With the laser hardening, parts of the raceway (and possibly the flange) can be hardened in a non-rotationally symmetrical way, so that the aforementioned effect can be achieved that the friction against the rails becomes large in the running direction and small in the side direction of the wheel.

Herdingen kan gjøres fullstendig eller partiell. En fordel er at herdingen kan skje direkte i forbindelse med den mekaniske bearbeidelse (dreiing eller omdreiing) av hjulbanen. På grunn av laserstrålens konsentrasjon kan herdedybde og herdespredning varieres i høy grad. Tilført energi pr. flateenhet og tidsenhet er lett å styre, og herdesjiktets dybde kan lett avpasses til produktets krav til hardhet og slitestyrke. The curing can be done completely or partially. An advantage is that the hardening can take place directly in connection with the mechanical processing (turning or turning) of the wheel track. Due to the concentration of the laser beam, cure depth and cure spread can be varied to a large extent. Added energy per surface unit and time unit are easy to control, and the depth of the hardened layer can be easily adapted to the product's requirements for hardness and wear resistance.

Omherding kan lett skje i forbindelse med oppretting eller omdreiing, og oppfinnelsen kan tilpasses både ved hel-li jul og ved hjul med påkrympede ringer. Også løpebanen kan herdes helt eller delvis. Det er i og for seg kjent å benytte laserherding i andre forbindelser, eksempelvis i forbindelse med tannhjul (GB patentsøknad 2 028 381 A). Her er det imidlertid bare spørsmål om å øke slitestyrken, og ikke noen løsning på friksjonsproblemer ved jernbanehjul. Rehardening can easily take place in connection with straightening or turning, and the invention can be adapted both for Christmas and for wheels with shrink-wrapped rings. The running track can also be fully or partially hardened. It is in and of itself known to use laser hardening in other connections, for example in connection with gears (GB patent application 2 028 381 A). Here, however, it is only a question of increasing wear resistance, and not a solution to friction problems with railway wheels.

Anordninger for laserherding finnes på markedet i en rekke fabrikater. Devices for laser hardening are available on the market in a number of makes.

Ved en foretrukket utførelsesform er herdedybden variert mellom forskjellige deler av den mot løpebanen rettede del av flensen og eventuelt løpebanen. In a preferred embodiment, the hardening depth is varied between different parts of the part of the flange facing the raceway and possibly the raceway.

Ved en ytterligere, foretrukket utførelsesform er små, adskilte partier av løpebanen laserherdet. Dette gir stor låselengde for hjulet. In a further, preferred embodiment, small, separate sections of the raceway are laser hardened. This gives a large locking length for the wheel.

Oppfinnelsen skal beskrives nærmere i det følgende under henvisning til tegningen hvis ene figur viser en del av et jernbanehjul. The invention shall be described in more detail below with reference to the drawing, one figure of which shows part of a railway wheel.

På figuren er vist en del av et helhjul, men oppfinnelsen kan også anvendes på påkrympede hjulringer. Hjulets steg er vist ved 1 og hjulringen ved 2. Hjulet er forsynt med en løpebane 4 og en flens 3. Partiet A fra flensens 3 topp, eller deler av dette parti, samt eventuelt løpebanen 4 eller deler av denne, er laserherdet. I det mest utstrakte tilfelle er hele det nevnte flensparti A og løpebanen 4 laserherdet (se B). Flensens 3 bakside C etterlates uherdet, da man ellers ville risikere skader på flensen ved hjulets gange over veksler etc. The figure shows part of a complete wheel, but the invention can also be applied to shrunken wheel rims. The tread of the wheel is shown at 1 and the wheel ring at 2. The wheel is provided with a raceway 4 and a flange 3. Part A from the top of the flange 3, or parts of this part, as well as possibly the raceway 4 or parts of it, is laser hardened. In the most extensive case, the entire aforementioned flange section A and raceway 4 are laser hardened (see B). The rear side C of the flange 3 is left uncured, as otherwise there would be a risk of damage to the flange when the wheel goes over the exchanger etc.

Man kan utføre den nevnte laserherding i forbindelse med dreiing, og ikke minst ved oppretting eller omdreiing av hjulets løpebane og eventuelt flens, og dette er særlig fordel-aktig i det sistnevnte tilfelle, da jo ellers herdede deler av hjulet ville bli bortarbeidet. The aforementioned laser hardening can be carried out in connection with turning, and not least by straightening or turning the wheel's raceway and possibly the flange, and this is particularly advantageous in the latter case, as otherwise hardened parts of the wheel would be removed.

Ved laserherding kan man på grunn av strålens konsentrasjon variere herdedybde og herdespredning i høy grad. Laserherdingen kan skje i forbindelse med dreiing eller omdreiing, eller umiddelbart etter denne operasjon. Man varie-rer herdedybde henholdsvis herdespredning eksempelvis ved styring av tilført energi pr. flateenhet og/eller tidsenhet, og man kan således avpasse eksempelvis herdesjiktets dybde til produktets krav til hardhet og slitestyrke. With laser curing, due to the concentration of the beam, cure depth and cure spread can be varied to a large extent. The laser hardening can take place in connection with turning or turning, or immediately after this operation. One varies the curing depth and curing spread, for example by controlling the supplied energy per area unit and/or time unit, and one can thus adapt, for example, the depth of the hardened layer to the product's requirements for hardness and wear resistance.

Man kan også herde små, adskilte partier, og eksempelvis gi disse større utstrekning i sideretningen enn i rota-sjonsretningen. På denne måte oppnås stor friksjon i løpe-banens bevegelsesretning og liten friksjon i sideretningen, hvilket gir god levetid for hjulet. Dette er av spesiell verdi ved lokomotivhjul. Avstanden mellom lasersveiseanord-ningen og overflaten kan varieres, eksempelvis for å styre herdingsgraden. Man bør hensiktsmessig innstille laseranordningen vinkelrett på flaten, men også dette kan varieres. Man kan også variere laseranordningens sideforflytningsretning med det formål å variere herdedybde eller herdeutstrekning. Man kan også la laserstrålen reflekteres mot et speil og således styre herdingen ved dreining eller forflytning av det nevnte speil. Avstanden mellom laseranordningen og overflaten kan varieres fra null til større avstander, men i det sistnevnte tilfelle får man imidlertid visse tap på grunn av luftoppvar-ming. You can also harden small, separate parts, and for example give these a greater extent in the lateral direction than in the direction of rotation. In this way, great friction is achieved in the direction of movement of the running track and little friction in the lateral direction, which gives a good lifetime for the wheel. This is of particular value with locomotive wheels. The distance between the laser welding device and the surface can be varied, for example to control the degree of hardening. One should appropriately set the laser device perpendicular to the surface, but this too can be varied. One can also vary the direction of lateral movement of the laser device with the aim of varying the curing depth or curing extent. One can also allow the laser beam to be reflected against a mirror and thus control the hardening by turning or moving the aforementioned mirror. The distance between the laser device and the surface can be varied from zero to larger distances, but in the latter case, however, certain losses occur due to air heating.

Delen A på figuren skal således være hard, men for øvrig skal flensoverflaten ikke herdes. I visse tilfeller herdes som nevnt også løpebanen eller deler av denne. Delen C av flensen skal ikke herdes. Man kan anordne spesielt stor herdedybde der slitasjen er stor, men man bør imidlertid ikke herde hele løpebanens overflate, for da kommer hele løpebanen til å stå under strekkspenning. Part A in the figure must thus be hard, but otherwise the flange surface must not be hardened. In certain cases, as mentioned, the running track or parts of it are also hardened. Part C of the flange must not be hardened. You can arrange a particularly large hardening depth where the wear is great, but you should not harden the entire surface of the running track, because then the entire running track will be under tensile stress.

Som materiale for det nevnte jernbanehjul kan alle forekommende stålmaterialer for skinnegående kjøretøyer benyttes. All available steel materials for rail-running vehicles can be used as material for the aforementioned railway wheel.

1. Jernbanehjul med løpebane og hjulflens der visse deler av flensen og/eller løpebanen (4) er herdet, KARAKTERISERT VED at den mot løpebanen rettede del (A) av flensen og deler av løpebanen er laserherdet slik at friksjonen mot skinnene blir stor i løperetningen og liten i hjulets sideretning. 2. Jernbanehjul ifølge krav 1, KARAKTERISERT VED at herdingen er utført i forbindelse med hjulbanens bearbeidelse (dreiing). 3. Jernbanehjul ifølge krav 1 eller 2, KARAKTERISERT VED at herdedybden er variert mellom forskjellige deler av den mot løpebanen rettede del av flensen og eventuelt løpebanen. 4. Jernbanehjul ifølge krav 3, KARAKTERISERT VED at herdedybden er variert ved styring av tilført energi pr. flateenhet eller tidsenhet. 5. Jernbanehjul ifølge ett av de foregående krav, KARAKTERISERT VED at små, adskilte partier av løpebanen er laserherdet. 6. Jernbanehjul ifølge krav 5, KARAKTERISERT VED at de adskilte, herdede partier har større utstrekning i sideretningen enn i løperetningen. 7. Jernbanehjul ifølge ett av de foregående krav, KARAKTERISERT VED at flensens utside ikke er hardgjort. 1. Railway wheel with raceway and wheel flange where certain parts of the flange and/or raceway (4) are hardened, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the part (A) of the flange facing the raceway and parts of the raceway are laser hardened so that the friction against the rails is great in the direction of travel and small in the lateral direction of the wheel. 2. Railway wheel according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the hardening is carried out in connection with the processing (turning) of the wheel track. 3. Railway wheel according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the hardening depth is varied between different parts of the part of the flange facing the raceway and possibly the raceway. 4. Railway wheels according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the curing depth is varied by controlling the supplied energy per area unit or time unit. 5. Railway wheel according to one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED BY the fact that small, separate parts of the raceway are laser hardened. 6. Railway wheel according to claim 5, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the separated, hardened parts have a greater extent in the lateral direction than in the running direction. 7. Railway wheel according to one of the preceding claims, CHARACTERIZED IN THAT the outside of the flange is not hardened.

NO840455A 1983-02-09 1984-02-07 RAIL WHEEL NO167468C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8300675A SE469476B (en) 1983-02-09 1983-02-09 LASERHERDAT ANNIVERSARY WHEELS

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO840455L NO840455L (en) 1984-08-10
NO167468B true NO167468B (en) 1991-07-29
NO167468C NO167468C (en) 1991-11-06

Family

ID=20349956

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO840455A NO167468C (en) 1983-02-09 1984-02-07 RAIL WHEEL

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0116359B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3471048D1 (en)
DK (1) DK157357C (en)
NO (1) NO167468C (en)
SE (1) SE469476B (en)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19633596C2 (en) * 1996-08-21 1998-07-09 Vsg Verkehrstechnik Gmbh Process for producing a steel rail wheel hardened on its tread
DE19732809C2 (en) * 1997-07-30 2000-04-20 Bochumer Verein Verkehrstechni Track wheel with wear-optimized tread
NL1007759C2 (en) * 1997-12-10 1999-06-11 Univ Twente Curved metal tread body and noise reduction method.
DE202005015907U1 (en) * 2005-10-07 2007-02-15 Heess Gmbh & Co.Kg Device for the targeted heat treatment of railway track wheels
KR101727603B1 (en) * 2015-06-10 2017-04-19 한국철도기술연구원 System for increasing friction of rail car on rail
DE102020127991A1 (en) 2020-10-23 2022-04-28 Johann Fimbinger Method of laser hardening a substantially cylindrical surface of a workpiece

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE425840A (en) *
US1563170A (en) * 1923-10-24 1925-11-24 Davis James Carey Method of tempering
US2019281A (en) * 1932-05-18 1935-10-29 American Steel Foundries Method of quenching wheels and the like
DE971761C (en) * 1951-12-09 1959-03-26 Kloeckner Georgsmarienwerke Ag Process for hardening the treads of wheel tires and full wheels
JPS5723023A (en) * 1980-07-16 1982-02-06 Toshiba Corp Flange quenching device for wheel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK157357C (en) 1990-05-14
DE3471048D1 (en) 1988-06-16
SE8300675D0 (en) 1983-02-09
NO167468C (en) 1991-11-06
EP0116359A3 (en) 1985-03-13
EP0116359B2 (en) 1993-03-24
EP0116359B1 (en) 1988-05-11
DK57984A (en) 1984-08-10
SE8300675L (en) 1984-08-10
NO840455L (en) 1984-08-10
DK57984D0 (en) 1984-02-09
EP0116359A2 (en) 1984-08-22
DK157357B (en) 1989-12-27
SE469476B (en) 1993-07-12

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