NO160798B - CASHATED INSULATION MATERIAL AND PREPARATION OF THIS. - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A web of insulating material having a layer of insulating material (1), particularly consisting of mineral fibre felt, with a lining web (2) glued onto one side of the layer of insulating material to serve as a barrier layer and for attachment of the web of insulating material to marginal boundaries such as roof spars, between which the layer of insulating material (1) can be installed so that it exerts a lateral pressure, and with, applied by the manufacturer at least in the lateral marginal zone of the layer of insulating material (1), parallel with the edge and not damaging the lining, a separating line to define a modular removable marginal strip so that the width of the layer of insulating material (1) can be adapted to the particular requirements of installation, the adhesive connection between the web (2) of lining material and the web of insulating material leaving free the lateral marginal edge with the modular marginal strip, characterised in that the separating line is constructed as an only visually effective marking line (4, 5, 6) which is picked out in colour and which does not noticeably or mechanically weaken the layer of insulating material (1).

Description

The present invention relates to an insulation mat, in particular of mineral fiber felt, with an attached casing and a method for producing this and using it as a building material.

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Such insulating mats are known in several designs. An insulation mat that has an insulation layer consisting of glass fiber and coated with aluminum foil is very widespread. On the one hand, the aluminum foil acts as a moisture barrier

and, on the other hand, serves to attach the insulation mat between e.g. two rafters in that special, protruding edge strips on the cladding are attached with nails or clamps to the inner facade surface of the rafters. If it is not important that the insulation mat is non-combustible, instead of aluminum foil or a similar, possibly reinforced metal foil, another material, such as kraft paper, can also be used as a casing, and another material can be used in the insulation mat, e.g. .ex. on a plastic basis. But the combination of an insulation layer of mineral fiber felt on the one hand and a casing of aluminum foil on the other hand has been used so extensively in practice that the requirements for cost-effective production on the one hand and classification as non-combustible material on the other hand optimally can be fulfilled.

A problem in this connection is that the insulation mats are usually finished and only supplied in specific widths, e.g. of 500, 600, 700, 800 and 1000 mm, while however the width between the edge restrictions, e.g. the rafters, usually vary and are in intermediate sizes. For this reason must

such insulation mats are often cut at the assembly site and as needed in the individual building case, which is relatively labor-intensive, as a suitable edge strip of the insulation mat, which consists of the excess width of the insulation mat, must be cut away. In practice, this extra work is usually avoided as far as possible with the result that the insulation mat instead of an ideal too large width of approx. 20 mm or a generally still tolerable overwidth of approx. 50 mm is built in with an overwidth of 80 mm or more. Such insulation mats, which are not installed correctly, cannot fulfill their purpose

function in a correct way, as the edge strips in the casing can be folded, dented or pinched, so that these no longer act as a moisture barrier in the correct way.

In order to facilitate the impression of the insulation layer despite strong oversize and to avoid an external cut to the greatest extent possible, it is known from US patent no. 31 40 220 or DE-GbmS 80 15 856 that you can keep an edge area on the side of the insulation layer free of glue, to enable a relative movement between the insulation layer and the cladding in this area. In this way, the impression of the insulation layer will lead to less impact on the casing, thus reducing folding and pinching.

Insofar as this measure is intended to correct a strong excess measurement, disadvantages will arise, as even with an adhesive-free edge area there is no way to avoid that stresses are introduced into the casing when the insulation material is pressed laterally between the edge restrictions, so that it is difficult to achieve a close connection of the edge strips in the casing and in addition to this assembly difficulty, a difficulty will arise"

by the strong impression of the edge in the insulation layer during installation. In addition, the insertion of the side edges in the insulation layer under pressure leads to an undefined area i. the compressed edge strip in the gap between the inner casing of the insulation mat and the outer connection, such as the roof covering, so that the heat-insulating effect in this area changes undefined. If the gap from the roof covering to the edge strip is covered over, condensation can form in this area due to a lack of rear ventilation.

This measure where marginal areafc. in the insulation layer is not attached to the casing by limi,.' so that, due to a change in shape, the installation can be made easier"!,,, thereby not solving the problem of the installation with a strong excess<!>l and, on the contrary, through the guidance on compressing the edge areas during the installation, leads to mam trying to press the insulation 'j:onstake with a far too large

overmeasure in between the edge restrictions.

From DE-GbmS 78 30 852 an insulation mat is known, where the edge areas have relatively wide incisions at a distance from the pile, e.g. 10 mm in the insulation layer, which limits insulation ribs; between the incisions. The incisions reach over part of the height of the insulation layer, and in the area with incisions, the casing that forms the moisture barrier is not glued on, but covers the insulation layer without mutual connection. In this way, it is possible to remove the casing from the edge area and break off an edge strip at a suitable incision, so that the desired width is obtained.

The disadvantage is that you get several relatively wide, seam-shaped incisions, where the heat-insulating ability of the insulation layer is reduced, which becomes more noticeable the less of the insulation ribs that have to be broken off in the individual construction case; in the case where the house has a suitable width in relation to the insulation layer, all incisions remain and reduce the heat-insulating ability in the edge area of the insulation layer correspondingly strongly. Furthermore, the insulation ribs between the incisions, which are only connected to each other by a thin layer of heat-insulating material at the bottom of the incision, can also be significantly damaged or broken off. Finally, the incisions often have to be placed with a saw or milling tool in the insulation layer, i.e. through labor-intensive processing, which on the one hand leads to relatively high material losses and on the other hand requires the removal of the waste materials. This is all the more so as the rib-shaped incisions have a relatively large width, in order to provide a sufficient reserve of elasticity even with materials that are not compressible, such as Styrofoam, in order to

get the adequate compression at the edge.

In order to further reduce these disadvantages, it is according to DE-OS

31 18 597 according to the present methods to produce the edge areas on the side already during production, so that the middle area is completely separated from the edge strips, so that these are retained in the edge area by the completed adhesion to the casing. In order to prevent the cut edge strips on the sides from gaping, the cuts during the production of the insulation mat are completely closed again before the casing, so that the cut surfaces are held together by means of clamps or claws and possibly also through the consistency of the binder in the insulation layer at the time when the cut is closed. By subsequent bending of the casing ring in desired sections, one can selectively open one of these and remove the edge strip by overcoming glue force in the adhesive connection with the casing ring.

Admittedly, by having the cut surfaces lie against each other in this way, neither the appearance nor the amount of thermal insulation in the insulation mat differs from an insulation mat without any incisions, since the incisions are mostly not visible,

and functionally have no influence. But non-professional treatment can lead to the incision being opened in places where separation is not desired. Such an open cut makes proper installation difficult. If, in order to keep the oversize and thus the compression at the edge as well as possible at a specific value, and thereby use several incisions in each edge area of the insulation layer, then the width of the strips between the individual incisions will be relatively small and due to little compression at the edge during installation, this can cause the neighboring incision to gape and so that the remaining edge strip is inadvertently deformed. Finally, removal of the edge strips from the glued casing by a non-expert or due to inattention will entail the risk of damage to the casing and thus a passage through the moisture-proof casing must be achieved.

Thus, the further development of the present methods according to DE-GbmS 78 30 852 and DE-OS 31 18 597 removes a number of the disadvantages of the present method, but on the other hand requires a certain expertise and accuracy for proper incorporation. However, this cannot always be assumed,

as the installation of such insulation mats is increasingly not carried out by professional staff, but by untrained, private buyers.

The present invention therefore produces an insulation mat and a production of this and an installation method, which, provided that the modular edge strips for the installation do not have to be removed, does not show any functional difference compared to a house with suitable insulation mats and which can be produced without significant effort and which of untrained can be built in without difficulty.

According to the invention, the incisions in the insulation layer in DE-GbmS 78 30 852 and likewise DE-OS 31 18 597 are replaced with clean marking lines, so that the insulation layer is neither mechanically nor in any other way weakened and is deposited with color for optical recognition. Of the known incisions, only their function as optically detectable dividing lines is thus retained, while a mechanically effective pre-treatment of the insulation layer takes place. Thus, all described disadvantages which such incisions can in one way or another produce are overcome, and the development up to now in the direction of a mechanical processing of the insulation layer to facilitate the separation of modular edge strips is stated. Nevertheless, the procedure from DE-GbmS 78 30 85 2 is retained, so that the edge area described by the dividing line in each insulation mat is kept free of adhesive between the insulation layer and the casing, and the development direction from DE-OS 31 18 5 97 is stated. Within the framework of the invention, this adhesive-free edge area serves so that, when you remove an edge strip between the insulation layer and the cladding below the marking line used for cutting, you can insert a cutting aid in the form of a plate or a strip, so that you can carry out the desired cut-through without damaging the casing, e.g. with the help of a knife, quickly and easily.

The user can therefore in a simple way choose at which marking line a cut is to be made and then places the cutting aid under the insulation layer and can then, without any further aid than a ruler or the like, carry out the cutting along the specified marking line in such a way that he does not need to other than that the knife follows

the marking lines.

As the marking lines have no mechanical influence on the insulation layer, any desired modular division can be placed as needed and with a relatively small one-sided distance, and in any building case the most accurate width of the insulation layer can be achieved as determined by the desired installation conditions. In this way, the marking lines can be placed on both sides of the insulation layer in such a way that the marking lines provide defined edge strips in both edge areas of the insulation layer which produce different, modular widths. Since the cut-through in the described manner can be carried out quickly and easily, there is no special need to carry out at most one cut-through on one side of the insulation mat, so that by a combination of two cut-throughs on the sides along selected marking lines, the ideal width of the insulation layer can be produced for the individual installation case. Since the number of marking lines has no technical impact on the material and can thus appear in a large number, however, a limitation of the number of marking lines is an advantage, as these can then be produced in a simple way with different appearances, so that the user without re-measurement of the desired distances can understand the distance of these different and limited number of marking lines. Such different marking lines can be placed as continuous lines, as lines with short lines, long lines and as point-shaped lines with parallel information about the distance between the different lines and what is the distance to the edge. After determining the distance between the edge restrictions, the user can then, for example, decide from a table along which marking line the cut-through should be carried out, in order to obtain an optimal installation, so that even untrained assembly personnel can carry out a safe installation.

The marking line can be placed particularly simply on an insulation layer of mineral fiber felt with a relatively irregular surface by using a jet of hot air from a hot air nozzle which can produce dashed lines which are locally limited to the surface of the mineral fiber felt by heating it to a composition temperature and a color change occurs at the marking line . Such hot air nozzles can e.g. is placed on a bridge over the production line in a suitable area and during production is used continuously or intermittently, so that the production of an insulation mat under such simple conditions can take place without any change in production.

Further details, characteristic features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description based on the attached drawing.

The figure in the drawing shows a perspective sketch of a cased insulation mat.

The insulation mat according to the invention has an insulation layer 1 and a sheathing web 2, which is glued to the insulation layer 1. The sheathing web 2 can e.g. consist of kraft paper, but is preferably a metal foil, such as aluminum foil, possibly with a reinforcement layer as described in DE-AS 30 13 223, where further details are described. The insulation layer 1 can basically consist of any suitable insulation material, but insulation materials with relatively high compressibility, especially mineral fiber felt, are preferred.

The insulation mat is placed under neighboring rafters or the like, so that the casing sheet 2 is placed on the inner facade of the rafters with the help of edge strips 3 on the sides and fixed with the help of clamps or the like, but the insulation layer 1 is pressed between the side surfaces of the rafters. Thus, the insulation layer 1 before installation, i.e. in the manufactured state, has a width B, which should be from 20-30 mm, but at most 50 mm greater than the distance between the neighboring roof rafters or other boundary conditions in order to obtain a slight compression of the insulation layer 1 in the direction of the width B and thus obtain the desired lateral pressure.

Such insulation mats can only be produced in specific, separate widths between 500 and 1000 mm and in steps of 100 mm,

and if you were to use such a small step-up that you could find a suitable width for each application, you would have too high manufacturing and storage costs. In addition, there would often be alternating distances between neighboring rafters, so that the user, who needs a number of precisely adapted track widths, would in practice have to draw up a program with different widths according to the available distance between the rafters and then purchase according to plan, so that even smaller ..steps in the offered lane widths than approx. 100 mm will be of little use.

In order to obtain an adaptation between the widths that lie between the steps in the insulation mats, it is therefore necessary to adapt the standard width B in the insulation layer 1 in the individual case, so that one obtains an insulation mat 1 at disposal which instead of its standard width B of f .ex. 1000 mm can be reduced to an intermediate measure of e.g. 950 mm.

For this purpose, the insulation layer 1 on the side opposite the casing layer 2 is equipped with markings 4,5 and 6, and 1 the area with marking lines 4,5 and 6 is also a piece where there is no adhesive connection between the casing layer

2 and the neighboring side on the insulation layer 1, while the middle area 7 has an adhesive layer 8 to attach the casing layer 2 to the insulation layer 1. In the example seen in the drawing, the marking line 4 on the far left of the insulation mat can have a distance b^ of approx. 25 mm from the edge of the insulation mat 1, while the marking line 5 can have a distance from the marking line 4 b2 of approx. 50 mm. On the other side, a marking line 6 is placed, which can have a distance b^ of approx. 50 mm from the edge of the insulation mat 1. The marking lines 4, 5 and 6 thereby limit side strips in the insulation mat 1 to 4a, respectively

5a and 6a, which when removed as required leads to a reduction in the standard width B.

With the chosen position of the marking lines 4, 5 and 6, one can in steps of approx. 25 mm selectively reduce the standard width B until you get the underlying standard width B, which e.g. is 100 mm below the standard width B of the considered insulation mat. To get a reduction in the standard width B of approx. 25 mm, a cut is made along the marking line 4 to remove the edge strip 4a. In order to obtain a reduction in the standard width of 50 mm, the cut-through is carried out along the marking line 6 to remove the edge strip 6a. In order to obtain a reduction in the standard width B of 75 mm, a cut is finally followed along the marking line 5 to remove both edge strips 4a and 5a. With a reduction of more than 75 mm, the underlying standard width B is used, but one can for this purpose also have another marking for the case where the user does not have an insulation mat with the underlying standard width and would rather<*>cut a wider one insulation mat in a single case.

Together with the insulation mat, a table can be supplied as required which, for certain distance areas between rafters or similar, shows which marking line 4, 5 or 6 along which the cutting must take place, in order to always get the ideal measurement and the desired width of the insulation mat 1.

For this purpose, the marking lines 4, 5 and 6 on the drawing can be made in different ways, e.g. the marking line 6 can be executed as a continuous line, the marking line 5 can be dashed and the marking line 4 dashed and dot-dotted. What is immediately clear is that for each cut you only need to carry out a cut at one of the specified marking lines 4, 5 or 6, in addition to special knowledge to get the optimal width of the insulation mat 1 for the individual construction case. If necessary and especially when it concerns larger distances between the standard widths B, one can of course also place a higher number of marking lines on each or both sides of the insulation mat 1, which can have equal distances of e.g. 50 mm and likewise at least a distance to the neighboring edge of 25 mm, so that with a suitable combination of two through-cuts, where the desired marking lines are obtained a combination of all intermediate widths.

Since the edge areas in the insulation mat on both sides of the central area 7 do not have an adhesive layer 8, the cut edge strips 4a, 5a or 6a can be easily removed without having to detach them from the casing layer 2. An even greater advantage is that in the edge area between the casing layer 2 and the neighboring side of the insulation mat 1 can insert a cutting aid as shown in the drawing at 9, which consists of a cut-resistant plate or strip. After inserting such a cutting aid 9, which is shown on the right-hand side of the drawing, you can easily cut along the desired marking line, e.g. 6, in the insulation layer 1 and cut through this completely without there being a risk of damaging the casing layer 2.

When it comes to mineral fiber felt as the material for the insulation layer 1, there is no closed but somewhat close to smooth surface on the opposite side of the insulation mat 1 in relation to the casing layer 2, so that when using color to produce the marking lines 4, 5 and 6 use an application of a suitable dye without a large extent. Apart from the consumption of dye as an additive material in the production of such an insulation mat requires such,

sharply demarcated spraying is a relatively external and thus influenceable application method and mari can also reduce the fire properties. Since mineral fiber felt is supplied with a small amount of binder, such as phenolic resin, a color change in the binder is used instead to obtain the color-wise deposition of the marking lines 4, 5 and 6 in the desired material areas. For this purpose, you can easily use a sharply defined hot air jet with a temperature of e.g. about. 600°, which is directed towards the surface of the production web and which heats the binder at the surface in the insulation layer 1 to a decomposition temperature so that a color change occurs. Suitable marking lines, such as marking lines 4 and 5, can be easily produced by interrupting the hot-air jet. In this way, the marking can

Placed without the possibility of disturbances, which is especially important for continuous production i■ mineral fiber felt production of such layers

Claims (6)

1. Insulation mat with an insulation layer in particular of mineral fiber felt, where a casing ring layer is glued to one side as a barrier layer and to attach the insulation mat to edge restrictions, such as rafters, between which the insulation mat must be embedded under lateral pressure, with at least one edge area on the side of the insulation layer, dividing line which is parallel to the edge and which does not destroy the casing and which delimits a modular, removable edge strip to adapt the width of the insulation layer to the existing installation conditions, so that the casing layer and the insulation layer in the edge area of the edge with the modular edge strips are without adhesive connection, characterized in that the dividing line only is an optically effective marking line (4,5,6) which is deposited with color and which does not weaken the insulation layer (1) mechanically. 2. Insulation mat according to claim 1, characterized in that it delimits edge strips (4a, 5a, 6a) by means of two-sided marking lines (4,5,6), which make it possible to separate different modular widths (b^,b^ , (b^ + b2>) on both sides of the insulation mat (1). 3. Insulation mat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has marking lines (4,5,6) for delimiting several edge strips (4a,5a,6a), which are different. 4. Insulation mat according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that the color-related deposition upon decolorization of the mineral fiber felt in the insulation layer (1), which contains binder, takes place by local heating. 5. Method for producing an insulation mat according to any one of claims 1-4, where the insulation mat is produced continuously and at the same time equipped with a casing layer, characterized in that the marking line is produced using fixed hot air nozzles in an area for the running insulation layer. 6. Method for installing an insulation mat according to any one of claims 1-4, with lateral pressure between edge restrictions such as rafters, characterized in that after determining the distance between the edge restrictions and choosing a marking line on the insulation mat, where the distance between these or to one of the edges in the insulation mat exceeds the distance between the edge restrictions by a desired measure, and by pushing in a cut-resistant strip under the selected marking line as a cutting aid between the insulation layer and the casing layer and by finally cutting through the insulation layer along the selected marking line and fixing the cut insulation mat between the edge restraints.