NO152312B - HEAT bOILER - Google Patents
HEAT bOILER Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO152312B NO152312B NO822151A NO822151A NO152312B NO 152312 B NO152312 B NO 152312B NO 822151 A NO822151 A NO 822151A NO 822151 A NO822151 A NO 822151A NO 152312 B NO152312 B NO 152312B
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- Norway
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- gallbladder
- parts
- polyoxyethylene
- per cent
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol Chemical compound OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000941 bile Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WERKSKAQRVDLDW-ANOHMWSOSA-N [(2s,3r,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO WERKSKAQRVDLDW-ANOHMWSOSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 210000000013 bile duct Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002872 contrast media Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 208000001130 gallstones Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cyclamate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)NC1CCCCC1 UDIPTWFVPPPURJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-ZXXMMSQZSA-N D-iditol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-ZXXMMSQZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010023126 Jaundice Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003444 anaesthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010617 anise oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H calcium citrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O FNAQSUUGMSOBHW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000001354 calcium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000625 cyclamic acid and its Na and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L disodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N galactitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-GUCUJZIJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035876 healing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000004347 intestinal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002559 palpation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010232 propyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylparaben Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QELSKZZBTMNZEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003415 propylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940085605 saccharin sodium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001462 sodium cyclamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940073490 sodium glutamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011885 synergistic combination Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
- F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
- F24H1/28—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body including one or more furnace or fire tubes
Abstract
En varmekjele som omfatter en vannbeholder. (3), er oppdelt i to avdelinger (11, 12) som røk-gassrør (7) strekker seg gjennom. For forbedring av kjelens virkningsgrad blir den forbrenningsluft som stranmer til brenneren (5), forvarmet i en varmeveksler (20) som ligger i den avdeling (12). som ligger lengst borte fra brenneren.A boiler that includes a water tank. (3), is divided into two compartments (11, 12) through which flue gas pipes (7) extend. To improve the efficiency of the boiler, the combustion air flowing to the burner (5) is preheated in a heat exchanger (20) located in the compartment (12). which is furthest away from the burner.
Description
Oralt administrerbart galdekonsentrasjonsmiddel for diagnostisk bruk ved røntgenundersøkelser av galdeblærens funksjon og tømningsforhold. Orally administrable bile concentrate agent for diagnostic use in X-ray examinations of the gallbladder's function and emptying conditions.
Ved røntgenundersøkelse av galdeblæren har det hittil ikke vært vanlig samtidig In X-ray examination of the gallbladder, it has not been common until now at the same time
å tilveiebringe kontraksjon av galdeblæren to provide contraction of the gallbladder
for også å synliggjøre galdegangene da det to also make the bile ducts visible then
ikke har forekommet tilstrekkelig effektive have not appeared to be sufficiently effective
midler for tilveiebringelse av en hurtig gal-detømming. I steden for har man for å sik-re seg at ingen stener ligger tilbake i galdegangene etterat galdeblæren er fjernet means for providing a rapid gal de-emption. Instead, one has to ensure that no stones remain in the bile ducts after the gallbladder has been removed
vært henvist til andre undersøkelsesaiter-nativer. Således kan man utføre palpering been referred to other survey sites. Palpation can thus be carried out
av galdeutførselsgangene for å kjenne etter om hoen stener ligger igjen i disse. Denne metode har imidlertid den ulempe at of the bile ducts to find out if any stones remain in them. However, this method has the disadvantage that
tykke galdeledervegger kan hindre eventuelle stener i å bli oppdaget eller at de blant thick bile duct walls can prevent any stones from being detected or that they among
galdegangen i sin helhet ikke er tilgjengelig. Et annet alternativ er under operasjo-nens gang å frigjøre galdegangen, samt via the bile duct in its entirety is not accessible. Another option is to free the bile duct, as well as via, during the operation
et kateter å innføre en oppløsning av et a catheter to introduce a solution of et
røntgenkontrastmiddel i denne, samt rønt-genfotografere galdelederen. Denne metode X-ray contrast agent in this, as well as X-ray photographing the bile duct. This method
forlenger operasjonstiden betraktelig og extends the operation time considerably and
innebærer øket risiko for pasienten. En involves increased risk for the patient. One
normal galdestensoperasjon varer mellom normal gallstone surgery lasts between
25 og 45 minutter, mens en slik ekstra rønt-genundersøkelse av utførselsgangene krever ca. 30 minutter. Ved at narkosen i hen-hold til denne metode må gjøres betraktelig lengere og dessuten kraftigere mot slut-ten av operasjonen blir narkosemidlets 25 and 45 minutes, while such an additional X-ray examination of the exit passages requires approx. 30 minutes. Due to the fact that, according to this method, the anesthesia must be made considerably longer and also stronger towards the end of the operation, the anesthetic's
giftvirkning større enn nødvendig med et-terfølgende kraftigere ettervirkninger og toxic effect greater than necessary with subsequent stronger aftereffects and
større risiko for pasienten. Hadde det der-imot vært mulig preoperativt en kort tid greater risk for the patient. If, on the other hand, it had been possible preoperatively for a short time
etter den første røntgenfotografering av galden å tilveiebringe en galdetømming, ville følgende fordeler oppnås: 1. Behovet for en ekstra undersøkelse av galdeutførselsgangen under operasjonen elimineres, da røntgenkontrastmidlet ved galdeblærens kontrasjon overføres til galde-utførselsgangene som herved synliggjøres, hvorved eventuelle stener i disse blir synlige på en røntgenplate. Er galleutførselsgang-ene helt tilstoppet strømmer en del av rønt-genkontrastmidlet ved galdeblærens tøm-ning i steden tilbake til tilførselslederen hvilket også kan observeres på platen. 2. Eventuelle infeksjoner i galdeblærens vegger uten forbindelse med konkrement oppdages umiddelbart da i dette tilfelle galdeblærens kontraksjon svekkes eller ute-blir samtidig som noen stener ikke kan iakttas på røntgenplaten. after the first X-ray photography of the bile to provide a bile emptying, the following advantages would be achieved: 1. The need for an additional examination of the bile duct during the operation is eliminated, as the X-ray contrast agent is transferred by the contraction of the gallbladder to the bile ducts which are thereby made visible, whereby any stones in these become visible on an x-ray plate. If the bile ducts are completely blocked, part of the X-ray contrast agent flows when the gallbladder empties instead back to the supply duct, which can also be observed on the plate. 2. Any infections in the walls of the gallbladder without a connection with a concretion are detected immediately, as in this case the contraction of the gallbladder is weakened or absent at the same time that some stones cannot be observed on the X-ray plate.
For tiden må ca. 15 pst. av galdestensopererte pasienter tilbake-føres til sykehus for fornyet operasjon på grunn av at stener i galdeutførsels-gangene ikke er oppdaget i forbindelse med operasjonen. De herav foranledigede alvor-lige gulsott tilfelle som krever umiddelbart operasjon kan i forveien elimineres hvis der foretas en effektiv galdeuttømningsunder-søkelse. Currently, approx. 15 per cent of gallstone operated patients are returned to hospital for renewed surgery because stones in the bile ducts were not discovered in connection with the operation. The resulting serious jaundice cases that require immediate surgery can be eliminated in advance if an effective biliary drainage examination is carried out.
På grunn av de således angitte fordeler med galdekontraksjonsundersøkelser har man anvendt seg av eggmåltider for å frembringe galdekontraksjon. Tiden mellom et eggmåltid og fullstendig tømning av galden er imidlertid så lang som 2,5—3 timer, hvorfor man i praksis må avstå fra denne mulighet. På grunn av den høye belastningsgrad ved de fleste I røntgenav-!-delinger kan man nemlig av rasjonelle synspunkter bare tillate et tidsrom på ca. 20 minutter mellom preparatets inntagning og fullstendig galdeblærekontraksjon. Because of the thus stated advantages of biliary contraction studies, egg meals have been used to induce biliary contraction. However, the time between an egg meal and complete emptying of the bile is as long as 2.5-3 hours, which is why in practice this possibility must be avoided. Due to the high level of stress in most X-ray divisions, one can only allow a period of approx. 20 minutes between ingestion of the preparation and complete gallbladder contraction.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører et oralt administrerbart galdekontraksjonsmiddel for diagnostisk bruk ved røntgenundersøkelser av galdeblærens funksjon og tømningsfor-hold og som muliggjør preoperativ røntgen-, fotografering av galdeutførselsgangene og den kontraherte galdeblæren meget kort tid etter at det første bilde er tatt, hvorved ovennevnte fordeler med en hurtig galde-uttømning oppnås. The invention relates to an orally administrable bile contraction agent for diagnostic use in X-ray examinations of the gallbladder's function and emptying conditions and which enables preoperative X-ray, photography of the bile ducts and the contracted gallbladder very shortly after the first image is taken, whereby the above-mentioned advantages of a rapid bile -exhaustion is achieved.
Det oralt administrerbare galdeblære-, kontraherende middels virksomme bestanddeler tilveiebringer tydelig merkbar<1 >galdeblærekontraksjon allerede |5 minutter i etter blandingens tilførsel og j fullstendig i galdeblærekontraksjon på ca. 15 minutter., (Se Nordisk Medicin 73 (1965) ',Nr. 8, side 177—179). The orally administrable gallbladder contractile active ingredients provide clearly noticeable<1 >gall bladder contraction already |5 minutes i after the administration of the mixture and j complete in gallbladder contraction of approx. 15 minutes., (See Nordisk Medicin 73 (1965) ', No. 8, pages 177—179).
Midlet ifølge oppfinnelsen [ er karakterisert ved at det enten består a<y> en vanndispersjon med en partikkelstørrelse mindre enn 0,lu og som inneholder 10—70 fortrinnsvis 40—50 vefctsdeler av en heksitol, 2—15, fortrinnsvis 6—10 vektsdeler av en ugiftig polyoksy-alkylenester eller -eter, eller polyoksyetylenaddukt som f. eks. polyoksyetylensorbitanmonooleat eller polyoksyetylenstearat, og 0,1—1,5, fortrinnsvis 0,2—0,7 vektsdeler av et fast eller flytende animalsk eller vegetabilsk spiseli'g fettstoff pr. 100 vektsdeler vann, eller at eiet er fast og inneholder 25—70 pst., fortrinnsvis 35—60 pst. heksitol, 25—70 pst., (fortrinnsvis 35—60 pst. av en ugiftig polyoksyalkylenester eller -eter eller polyoksyetylenaddukt som f. eks. polyoksyetylensorbitan-monoleat eller polyoksyetylenstearat og 1—7 pst., fortrinnsvis 2—6 pst. fett, beregnet på grunnlag av midlets vekt. The agent according to the invention is characterized in that it either consists of a water dispersion with a particle size of less than 0.lu and which contains 10-70, preferably 40-50 parts by weight of a hexitol, 2-15, preferably 6-10 parts by weight of a non-toxic polyoxyalkylene ester or ether, or polyoxyethylene adduct such as e.g. polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate or polyoxyethylene stearate, and 0.1-1.5, preferably 0.2-0.7 parts by weight of a solid or liquid animal or vegetable edible fatty substance per 100 parts by weight of water, or that the substance is solid and contains 25-70 per cent, preferably 35-60 per cent hexitol, 25-70 per cent, (preferably 35-60 per cent of a non-toxic polyoxyalkylene ester or ether or polyoxyethylene adduct such as eg polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate or polyoxyethylene stearate and 1-7%, preferably 2-6% fat, calculated on the basis of the agent's weight.
Egnede heksitoler, som kan inngå som aktiv bestanddel i den galleblærekontraherende blanding er sorbitol, mannitol, dul-citol og iditol. Av disse er sorbitol og mannitol lettest tilgjengelig på markede^. Spesielt hensiktsmessig er sorbitol på grunn av dets oppløselighetsforhold. Suitable hexitols, which can be included as an active ingredient in the gallbladder-contracting mixture, are sorbitol, mannitol, dul-citol and iditol. Of these, sorbitol and mannitol are the most readily available on the market. Sorbitol is particularly suitable because of its solubility.
Egnede polyoksyalkylenderiyater er blant esterene f. eks. polyoksyetylenstearat, blant esterene f. eks. polyoksyetylensor-bitanestere, som monooleat, mohostearat, monopalmitat, trioleat herav. Spesielt fore-trukket blant polyoksyalkylenproduktene er i Suitable polyoxyalkylene derivatives are among the esters, e.g. polyoxyethylene stearate, among the esters e.g. polyoxyethylene sorbitan esters, such as monooleate, mohostearate, monopalmitate, trioleate thereof. Particularly preferred among the polyoxyalkylene products are i
i in
polyoksyalkylensorbitanmonooleat og polyoksyetylenstearat. polyoxyalkylene sorbitan monooleate and polyoxyethylene stearate.
Som esempel på hensiktsmessig fett, som kan inngå som aktiv bestanddel i den galleblærekontraherende blanding kan nevnes jordnøttolje, soyabønnolje, bomulls-frøolje, ricinolje, linolje, rapsefrøolje, oli-venolje, solsikkeolje, kokosnøttolje, palm-olje, anisolje, fiskeolje, kakaofett og kokos-fett m. fl. Av disse er jordnøttolje funnet spesielt hensiktsmessig. As an example of appropriate fat, which can be included as an active ingredient in the gallbladder contracting mixture, peanut oil, soya bean oil, cotton seed oil, castor oil, linseed oil, rapeseed oil, olive oil, sunflower oil, coconut oil, palm oil, anise oil, fish oil, cocoa fat and coconut fat etc. Of these, peanut oil has been found particularly suitable.
Blandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen admin-streres fortrinnsvis i flytende form med de aktive komponenter oppløst eller dispergert i vann sammen med smaksmiddel, konser-veringsmiddel, stabilisatorer og lignende, men det er også mulig å administrere den i fast form, dvs. uten vann, enskjønt kon-traksjonstiden da forlenges noe på grunn av den tid som kreves for at den faste blanding skal spaltes og de faste bestanddeler dispergeres eller oppløses. Denne ulempe kan minskes ved tilsetning av sprengmiddel, f. eks. natriumbikarbonat i kombinasjon med vinsyre, kalsiumsitrat etc. The mixture according to the invention is preferably administered in liquid form with the active components dissolved or dispersed in water together with flavouring, preservative, stabilizers and the like, but it is also possible to administer it in solid form, i.e. without water, although con - the traction time is then extended somewhat due to the time required for the solid mixture to break down and the solid components to disperse or dissolve. This disadvantage can be reduced by adding explosives, e.g. sodium bicarbonate in combination with tartaric acid, calcium citrate etc.
I de tilfelle blandingen har flytende form bør de aktive bestanddeler foreligge i meget finfordelt form, fortrinnsvis i kol-loidal oppløsning, dvs. med en partikkel-størrelse mindre enn 0,1 |x da blandinger med grovere partikkelstørrelser resorberes altfor langsomt. In cases where the mixture is in liquid form, the active ingredients should be present in very finely divided form, preferably in colloidal solution, i.e. with a particle size of less than 0.1 |x as mixtures with coarser particle sizes are absorbed far too slowly.
Eksempel på hensiktsmessig konser-veringsmiddel beregnet til å hindre mikro-organismers vekst er propyl-p-oksybenzo-syre (Nipasol), salicylsyre og sorbinsyre. Examples of suitable preservatives intended to prevent the growth of micro-organisms are propyl-p-oxybenzoic acid (Nipasol), salicylic acid and sorbic acid.
Eksempel på hensiktsmessige stabiliser-ingsmidler er kompleksdannere eller stabilisator av typen askorbinsyre (anti-oksydant), citronsyre, etylendiaminotetra-'eddiksyre, citrakonsyre (kompleksdanner). ! Hensiktsmessige smaksstoffer er søt-iningsmidler som sackarin-natrium, na-jtriumcyklarnat, natriumglutamat ogsmaks-^ssenser som eksempelvis appelsinessens 'etc. Examples of suitable stabilizers are complex formers or stabilizers of the type ascorbic acid (antioxidant), citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, citraconic acid (complex former). ! Suitable flavoring substances are sweeteners such as saccharin sodium, sodium cyclamate, sodium glutamate and flavorings such as, for example, orange essence, etc.
I Den flytende blandings pH bør av kon-serverings- og smakssynspunkt være 2—5. i Mengden av de i den galleblærekontraherende blanding inngående aktive komponenter kan varieres innen vide grenser og avhenger f. eks. med hensyn til heksitolen av dennes oppløselighetsegenskaper. Av effektivitets- og smakshensyn bør imidlertid den flytende blandings innhold av heksitol være 10—70 vektsdeler, mengden polyoksyalkenester, -eter eller polyoksyetylenaddukt være 2—15 vektsdeler og fett-mengden være 0,1—1,5 vektsdeler pr. 100 I The pH of the liquid mixture should be 2-5 from a conservation and taste point of view. i The quantity of the active components included in the gallbladder-contracting mixture can be varied within wide limits and depends, e.g. with regard to the hexitol of its solubility properties. For reasons of efficiency and taste, however, the content of hexitol in the liquid mixture should be 10-70 parts by weight, the amount of polyoxyalkenester, ether or polyoxyethylene adduct should be 2-15 parts by weight and the amount of fat should be 0.1-1.5 parts by weight per 100
vektsdeler vann. Spesielt hensiktsmessig er flytende blandinger som inneholder 25—35 parts by weight water. Particularly suitable are liquid mixtures containing 25-35
vektsdeler heksitol, 6—10 vektsdeler polyoksyalkylenester, -eter eller polyoksyetylenaddukt samt 0,2—0,7 vektsdeler fett pr. 100 vektsdeler vann. parts by weight of hexitol, 6-10 parts by weight of polyoxyalkylene ester, -ether or polyoxyethylene adduct and 0.2-0.7 parts by weight of fat per 100 parts by weight of water.
Hvis den galdeblærekontraherende blanding administreres i fast form, bør heksitolmengden utgjøre 25—70 pst., mengden polyoksyalkylenester, -eter eller polyoksyetylenaddukt utgjøre 25—70 pst., samt mengden fett utgjøre 1—7 pst. av blandingens vekt. Spesielt hensiktsmessig er faste blandinger inneholdende 35—60 vektspst. heksitol, 35—60 vektsprosent polyoksyalkylenester, -eter eller polyoksyetylenaddukt samt 2—6 vektsprosent fett. If the gallbladder contracting mixture is administered in solid form, the amount of hexitol should be 25-70 percent, the amount of polyoxyalkylene ester, ether or polyoxyethylene adduct should be 25-70 percent, and the amount of fat should be 1-7 percent of the weight of the mixture. Particularly suitable are solid mixtures containing 35-60 wt. hexitol, 35-60% by weight polyoxyalkylene ester, -ether or polyoxyethylene adduct and 2-6% by weight fat.
Oppfinnelsen skal belyses i det følgende ved hjelp av utførélseseksempler. De i det følgende angitte tall er vektsdeler, hvis det ikke angitt noe annet. The invention shall be explained in the following by way of examples. The numbers given below are parts by weight, unless otherwise stated.
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
Polyoksyetylensorbitanmonooleat ble oppvarmet til 50° C, hvoretter jordnøttolje og de ikke vannoppløselige smaksstoffer ble tilsatt under fortsatt omrøring ved 50° C. Den dannede oppløsning fikk avkjøle til 30° C, da en vannoppløsning inneholdende de vannoppløselige smaksstoffer og 1/10 av sorbitolmengden ble innrørt. Når en klar oppløsning er dannet, ble det tilsatt den resterende mengde sorbitol under omrøring ved en temperatur på 20—30° C, hvoretter den dannede oppløsning ble fortynnet til et volum på 100 ml og pH justert til 4,5. Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate was heated to 50° C, after which peanut oil and the non-water-soluble flavors were added with continued stirring at 50° C. The formed solution was allowed to cool to 30° C, when a water solution containing the water-soluble flavors and 1/10 of the amount of sorbitol was stirred in. . When a clear solution is formed, the remaining amount of sorbitol was added with stirring at a temperature of 20-30° C, after which the formed solution was diluted to a volume of 100 ml and the pH adjusted to 4.5.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
På samme måte som i eksempel 1 ble det tilberedt en oppløsning av følgende bestanddeler: In the same way as in example 1, a solution of the following components was prepared:
Eksempel 3. Example 3.
Sammensetning: Composition:
Polyoksyetylenstearatet smeltes ved 40—50° C. I smeiten ble det oppløst jord-nøttoljen og smaks- og f arvestoff ene, hvoretter sorbitolen ble innblandet og den dannede blanding ble støpt til kaker. The polyoxyethylene stearate is melted at 40-50° C. The peanut oil and the flavoring and coloring matter were dissolved in the melt, after which the sorbitol was mixed in and the resulting mixture was molded into cakes.
Eksempel 4. Example 4.
På samme måte som i eksempel 3 ble det tilberedt faste kaker med følgende sammensetning: In the same way as in example 3, firm cakes were prepared with the following composition:
Den flytende blanding ble administrert hensiktsmessig i en slik mengde at størst mulig del av tarmslimhinnen ble dekket med galdetømningsmidlet. Tilstrekkelig effekt fåes allerede ved dosis på ca. 50 ml oppløsning, mens det i visse tilfelle kan være fordelaktig med en dobbeltdose, hvilket uten vanskeligheter kan svelges av pasienten. The liquid mixture was appropriately administered in such a quantity that the largest possible part of the intestinal mucosa was covered with the bile draining agent. Sufficient effect is already obtained at a dose of approx. 50 ml of solution, while in certain cases it may be beneficial with a double dose, which can be swallowed by the patient without difficulty.
Den galdeblærekontraherende blanding har en så lav toksisitet at den ikke kan bestemmes. Forsøk utført på mus viser en peroral LD 50 større enn 50 g/kg mus. The gallbladder astringent mixture has such a low toxicity that it cannot be determined. Experiments carried out on mice show an oral LD 50 greater than 50 g/kg mice.
Ved sammenlignende forsøk på samme person med blandinger inneholdende bare en eller to av de aktive ingredienser har det ikke kunnet fåes akseptable tømningstider (tømningstider større enn 50 minutter), hvorfor det her dreier seg om en synergistisk kombinasjonseffekt, som foreligger bare når de tre komponenter samtidig er til stede i hensiktsmessige forhold. In comparative tests on the same person with mixtures containing only one or two of the active ingredients, it has not been possible to obtain acceptable emptying times (emptying times greater than 50 minutes), which is why it is a matter of a synergistic combination effect, which only exists when the three components at the same time is present in appropriate conditions.
Midlet ifølge oppfinnelsen er bare et hjelpemiddel for anvendelse ved galde-blærerøntgenoskopi, dvs. et diagnostikum og ikke et legemiddel, da det hverken har noen helbredende virkning eller kontrol-lerer galdeblærens funksjon, da det bare tilveiebringer en kontraksjon av galdeblæren hvorved det oppnåes en tilfredsstillende konsentrasjon av røntgenkontrastmidlet i galdegangene. The agent according to the invention is only an aid for use in gallbladder x-rays, i.e. a diagnostic and not a drug, as it neither has any healing effect nor controls the gallbladder's function, as it only provides a contraction of the gallbladder whereby a satisfactory concentration of the X-ray contrast agent in the bile ducts.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FI812162A FI61354C (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1981-07-09 | VAERMEPANNA |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO822151L NO822151L (en) | 1983-01-10 |
NO152312B true NO152312B (en) | 1985-05-28 |
NO152312C NO152312C (en) | 1985-09-04 |
Family
ID=8514565
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO822151A NO152312C (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1982-06-25 | HEAT bOILER |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE3225387A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK257982A (en) |
FI (1) | FI61354C (en) |
NO (1) | NO152312C (en) |
SE (1) | SE8201057L (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1984001018A1 (en) * | 1982-09-07 | 1984-03-15 | Michael Cornelius Muntz | Liquid immersion heater |
EP0190616B1 (en) * | 1985-02-02 | 1991-03-20 | Richard Vetter | Appliance for heating of water particularly hot-water heating boiler |
CA2303654C (en) * | 1999-05-12 | 2008-01-22 | State Industries, Inc. | Water heater |
IT1403376B1 (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2013-10-17 | S R S Servizi Di Ricerche E Sviluppo S R L | INTRINSICALLY RELIABLE STATIC SYSTEM OF REFRIGERATION WITH WATER AND AIR WITH UNLIMITED OPERATION FOR THE REMOVAL OF HEAT FROM SPECIAL PROCESSES WITH A SAFETY PURPOSE |
-
1981
- 1981-07-09 FI FI812162A patent/FI61354C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1982
- 1982-02-19 SE SE8201057A patent/SE8201057L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-06-09 DK DK257982A patent/DK257982A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-06-25 NO NO822151A patent/NO152312C/en unknown
- 1982-07-07 DE DE19823225387 patent/DE3225387A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO822151L (en) | 1983-01-10 |
DK257982A (en) | 1983-01-10 |
NO152312C (en) | 1985-09-04 |
FI61354B (en) | 1982-03-31 |
DE3225387A1 (en) | 1983-01-27 |
SE8201057L (en) | 1983-01-10 |
FI61354C (en) | 1982-07-12 |
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