NO138359B - METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HARDENING OF CASTING ELEMENTS (SHAPES AND CORE) MADE FROM SAND AND RESIN - Google Patents
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HARDENING OF CASTING ELEMENTS (SHAPES AND CORE) MADE FROM SAND AND RESIN Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO138359B NO138359B NO3541/72A NO354172A NO138359B NO 138359 B NO138359 B NO 138359B NO 3541/72 A NO3541/72 A NO 3541/72A NO 354172 A NO354172 A NO 354172A NO 138359 B NO138359 B NO 138359B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- ethanal
- gas
- liquid
- reaction vessel
- gas stream
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title 1
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid anhydride Natural products CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 2
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
- B22C9/123—Gas-hardening
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/16—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents
- B22C1/162—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents use of a gaseous treating agent for hardening the binder
Abstract
Fremgangsmåte og apparat for herding av støperielementer (former og kjerner) fremstilt fra sand og harpiks.Method and apparatus for curing foundry elements (molds and cores) made from sand and resin.
Description
Fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av eddiksyre og eddiksyreanhydrid. Process for the production of acetic acid and acetic anhydride.
Det er kjent at acetaldehyd kan oksy-deres for å omdannes til eddiksyre og eddiksyreanhydrid ved å blåse en gass som It is known that acetaldehyde can be oxidized to convert into acetic acid and acetic anhydride by blowing a gas which
inneholder oksygen inn i et reaksjonsbad containing oxygen into a reaction bath
som i det vesentlige utgjøres av en blanding av eddiksyre og eddiksyreanhydrid og which essentially consists of a mixture of acetic acid and acetic anhydride and
som i oppløsning inneholder passende metallacetater som virker som katalysatorer, which in solution contain suitable metal acetates which act as catalysts,
spesielt kobolt- og kopperacetat. Acetalde-hydet blir oksydert i flytende fase i reaksjonsbadet. especially cobalt and copper acetate. Acetaldehyde is oxidized in the liquid phase in the reaction bath.
Strømmen av oksygenholdig gass fører The flow of oxygen-containing gas leads
med seg eddiksyren, eddiksyreanhydridet with it the acetic acid, acetic anhydride
og vannet som er frembragt ved reaksjo-nen, og disse gasser underkastes en kjøling and the water produced by the reaction, and these gases are subjected to cooling
for å kondensere reaksjonsproduktene. Er-faring har vist at det, for å oppnå et høyt to condense the reaction products. Experience has shown that, in order to achieve a high
relativt innhold av eddiksyreanhydrid er relative content of acetic anhydride is
nødvendig å kjøle gassene til en temperatur som ikke overstiger 10° C før de sendes necessary to cool the gases to a temperature not exceeding 10° C before they are sent
tilbake til reaksjonskaret ved hjelp av en back to the reaction vessel using a
vifte etter uttagning av en del av gassen fan after removing part of the gas
og innføring av frisk oksygenholdig gass. and introduction of fresh oxygen-containing gas.
Hvis det ikke foreligger kjølevann med til-strekkelig lav temperatur, er det nødvendig If cooling water with a sufficiently low temperature is not available, it is necessary
å føre de fluider som forlater den vanlige to conduct the fluids that leave the ordinary
vannkjølte kondensator til en lakekjølt water-cooled condenser to a lake-cooled one
kondensator for å kjøle dem til omtrent condenser to cool them to approx
10° C eller under det. 10° C or below.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse går ut på en The present invention is based on a
fremgangsmåte som gjør det mulig å oppnå denne tilleggskjøling uten bruk av kulde. method which makes it possible to achieve this additional cooling without the use of cold.
Oppfinnelsen består i at det i gass-kretsløpet, mellom utløpet fra reaksjonskaret og det sted hvor gassavtappingen The invention consists in that in the gas circuit, between the outlet from the reaction vessel and the place where the gas is drawn off
foregår, blir ført inn flytende etanal som takes place, is introduced liquid ethanal which
skal omsettes slik at denne fordamper og derved trekker den nødvendige varme ut fra gasstrømmen. Denne fordampning sen-ker temperaturen i gasstrømmen og forår-saker kondensering av anhydridet, syren og vannet som ennå foreligger i damp-form. must be reacted so that this evaporates and thereby extracts the necessary heat from the gas flow. This evaporation lowers the temperature in the gas stream and causes condensation of the anhydride, the acid and the water which is still present in vapor form.
Det er fordelaktig å føre inn det flytende etanal i findelt form eller å frem-kalle dets oppdeling i gasstrømmen. I denne hensikt er det spesielt mulig å tilsette det i form av en dusj i et kammer som gjennomflytes av gasstrømmen og/eller i dette kammer å anordne hindringer som er egnet til å bevirke eller øke oppdelingen. It is advantageous to introduce the liquid ethanal in finely divided form or to induce its division in the gas stream. For this purpose, it is particularly possible to add it in the form of a shower in a chamber through which the gas stream flows and/or to arrange obstacles in this chamber which are suitable for effecting or increasing the division.
Det flytende etanal kan spesielt tilfø-res ved toppen av et tårn som eventuelt er forsynt med en foring og som gjennom-fiytes nedenfra av gasstrømmen. The liquid ethanal can in particular be supplied at the top of a tower which is optionally provided with a liner and which is filled from below by the gas stream.
Det rom hvor gasstrømmen kommer i berøring med det flytende etanal og opptar dampen av dette skal her betegnes «metteren». The room where the gas flow comes into contact with the liquid ethanal and absorbs the vapor from this is here referred to as the "saturator".
Den gasstrøm som kommer fra reaksjonskaret kan være underkastet en delvis kjøling før den opptar det flytende etanal. The gas stream coming from the reaction vessel can be subjected to partial cooling before it receives the liquid ethanal.
Endelig er det mulig å føre inn i gass-strømmen bare en del av det etanal som skal omdannes, mens resten blir ført inn direkte i flytende form i reaksjonskaret. Finally, it is possible to introduce into the gas stream only a part of the ethanal to be converted, while the rest is introduced directly in liquid form into the reaction vessel.
Vedlagte tegning viser et anlegg for The attached drawing shows a facility for
gjennomføring av fremgangsmåten. implementation of the procedure.
Reaksjonsbadet inneholdes i et reak-sionskar 1 som nederst har en innretning for fordeling av oksygenholdig gass, f. eks. en gjennomhullet plate la. De oksygenholdige gasser som inneholder etanaldamp blir blåst inn gjennom en ledning 3. De damper og gasser som forlater reaksjons- The reaction bath is contained in a reaction vessel 1, which at the bottom has a device for distributing oxygen-containing gas, e.g. a perforated plate la. The oxygen-containing gases containing ethanol vapor are blown in through a line 3. The vapors and gases that leave the reaction
karet føres til en vannkjølet kondensator 6, hvorfra de tas ut gjennom en ledning 6b og føres inn i en søyle 7 med raschig-ring-fylling (metteren), som øverst over-sprøytes med flytende etanal som tilføres gjennom en ledning 2. Væskene som renner bort nederst i søylen 7 gjennom en ledning 7a og fra kondensatoren 6 gjennom lednin- the vessel is led to a water-cooled condenser 6, from where they are taken out through a line 6b and led into a column 7 with Raschig-ring filling (the meter), which is sprayed at the top with liquid ethanal which is supplied through a line 2. The liquids which flows away at the bottom of the column 7 through a line 7a and from the condenser 6 through lednin-
gen 6a blir forenet i en ledning 7b som fø- gene 6a is united in a wire 7b which
rer til destillering av reaksjonsproduktene blandet med en viss mengde etanal. Gas- rer for distilling the reaction products mixed with a certain amount of ethanal. Goose-
sene forlater metteren 7 gjennom ledningen 8 ladet med etanaldamp. En del av gassene blir tatt ut gjennom en ledning 9. Det eta- then leaves the saturator 7 through the line 8 charged with ethane vapor. Part of the gases are taken out through a line 9. The eta-
nal som inneholdes i denne del blir gjen-vunnet ved vasking og destillering, på nal contained in this part is recovered by washing and distillation, on
kjent måte. Frisk luft føres inn gjennom en ledning 10 og alle de oksygenholdige gasser blir ført tilbake ved hjelp av en vifte 11 til reaksjonskaret 1. De etanaldamper som inneholdes i de oksygenholdige damper oppløses i reaksjonsbadet. Etanalet blir oksydert i flytende fase i nærvær av de metallacetater som brukes som katalysa- known way. Fresh air is introduced through a line 10 and all the oxygen-containing gases are returned by means of a fan 11 to the reaction vessel 1. The ethanol vapors contained in the oxygen-containing vapors are dissolved in the reaction bath. The ethanal is oxidized in the liquid phase in the presence of the metal acetates that are used as catalysts
torer. tore.
Det skal nå gis noen eksempler for å Some examples will now be given in order to
vise betydningen av fremgangsmåten. Føl- show the significance of the procedure. feel-
gende driftsforhold forelå: changing operating conditions were present:
Et oksyderingsbad som inneholdt ko- An oxidation bath that contained co-
bolt- og kopperacetat som katalysatorer. bolt and copper acetate as catalysts.
En samlet gassinnblåsing på 4,25 m<:1>A total gas injection of 4.25 m<:1>
pr. time pr. liter bad. per hour per liter bath.
En innblåsing av frisk luft på 0,5 m:! An intake of fresh air of 0.5 m:!
pr. time pr. liter bad. per hour per liter bath.
En aldehydtilførsel av størrelsesorde- An aldehyde supply of the order of
nen 600 g pr. time pr. liter bad. nen 600 g per hour per liter bath.
En oksyderingstemperatur på 55° C. An oxidation temperature of 55° C.
Eksempel 1: Example 1:
Bruk av en enkel vannkjølet kondensa- Using a simple water-cooled condensa-
tor i gasskretsløpet: tor in the gas circuit:
Eksempel 2: Example 2:
Tilføyelse av en kondensator med lake-kjøling etter den vannkjølte kondensator i gasskretsløpet. Addition of a lake-cooled condenser after the water-cooled condenser in the gas circuit.
Kuldeforbruk: 275 kuldeenheter pr. kg anhydrid for denne tilleggskondensering. Cooling consumption: 275 cooling units per kg of anhydride for this additional condensation.
Eksempel 3: Example 3:
Den lakekjølte kondensator er erstattet The lake-cooled condenser has been replaced
med en metter, i henhold til oppfinnelsen: with a meter, according to the invention:
Ved å bruke metteren i henhold til oppfinnelsen er det altså oppnådd en be-tydningsfull besparelse i kulde, en bespa- By using the saturator according to the invention, a significant saving in cold has thus been achieved, a
relse som forøvrig blir desto større jo var- which, incidentally, becomes all the greater the longer
mere det kjølevann er som står til rådighet. more cooling water is available.
Det er klart at det også er mulig, in-nenfor rammen for oppfinnelsen, å for-dampe i metteren bare en del av det etanal som skal omdannes, mens resten føres di- It is clear that it is also possible, within the framework of the invention, to vaporize in the saturator only a part of the ethanal to be converted, while the rest is fed to
rekte som væske inn i reaksjonskaret. Der- directly as liquid into the reaction vessel. There-
ved kan temperaturen i metteren innstilles etter ønske. wood, the temperature in the saturator can be set as desired.
Oppfinnelsen kan med fordel tilpasses The invention can advantageously be adapted
det tilfelle hvor gass-damp-blandingen som forlater reaksjonskaret utsettes for en par- the case where the gas-vapor mixture leaving the reaction vessel is exposed to a par-
tiell kondensering i en deflegmator, med tilbakeføring av kondensatet til reaksjons- tial condensation in a dephlegmator, with return of the condensate to reaction
badet for å holde væskehøyden i dette kon- the bath to keep the liquid level in this con-
stant. steady.
Oppfinnelsen kan gjennomføres med følgende forskjellige kombinasjoner: The invention can be implemented with the following different combinations:
a) Deflegmator + kondensator 6 + met- a) Deflegmator + condenser 6 + met-
ter 7. ter 7.
b) Deflegmator + metter 7, men uten kondensator 6. c) Kondensator 6 + metter 7, slik som vist på vedføyete tegning. b) Deflegmator + saturator 7, but without condenser 6. c) Condenser 6 + saturator 7, as shown in the attached drawing.
d) Metter 7 direkte tilknyttet i den gass- d) Meter 7 directly connected in the gas
strøm som forlater reaksjonskaret. stream leaving the reaction vessel.
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR7135745A FR2155781A1 (en) | 1971-10-05 | 1971-10-05 | Hardening foundry elements - esp resin and sand moulds using a gaseous mixture of dimethylethylamine and carbon dioxide |
| FR7233021A FR2199484A2 (en) | 1972-09-18 | 1972-09-18 | Hardening foundry elements - esp resin and sand moulds using a gaseous mixture of dimethylethylamine and carbon dioxide |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO138359B true NO138359B (en) | 1978-05-16 |
| NO138359C NO138359C (en) | 1978-08-23 |
Family
ID=26216648
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO354172A NO138359C (en) | 1971-10-05 | 1972-10-04 | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HARDENING OF CASTING ELEMENTS (SHAPES AND CORE) MADE FROM SAND AND RESIN |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5123370B2 (en) |
| BE (1) | BE789257A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA986681A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH562067A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2248795B2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK131613C (en) |
| ES (2) | ES407513A1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT975164B (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7213419A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO138359C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE397169B (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4105725A (en) * | 1972-11-21 | 1978-08-08 | Liquid Carbonic Canada Ltd. | Saturated liquid/vapor generating and dispensing |
| FR2419779A1 (en) * | 1978-03-14 | 1979-10-12 | Gerard Richard | PROCESS FOR CURING A COMPOSITION INTENDED IN PARTICULAR FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF MOLDS AND FOUNDRY CORES, AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SAID PROCESS |
| DE3340762C2 (en) * | 1983-11-10 | 1986-10-02 | Horst Werner Dipl.-Ing. 7707 Engen Michel | Method and device for hardening cores and / or molds produced from sand using a binding agent, which are used for casting moldings from metallic or non-metallic molten starting materials |
| DE3608112A1 (en) * | 1986-03-12 | 1987-09-17 | Artur Unterderweide | Method and apparatus for the production of a gaseous conditioning agent |
-
0
- BE BE789257D patent/BE789257A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-10-02 SE SE1269772A patent/SE397169B/en unknown
- 1972-10-02 CH CH1435572A patent/CH562067A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-10-04 NO NO354172A patent/NO138359C/en unknown
- 1972-10-04 IT IT7012772A patent/IT975164B/en active
- 1972-10-04 DK DK490872A patent/DK131613C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1972-10-04 JP JP9973172A patent/JPS5123370B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1972-10-04 CA CA153,188A patent/CA986681A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-10-04 NL NL7213419A patent/NL7213419A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1972-10-05 ES ES407513A patent/ES407513A1/en not_active Expired
- 1972-10-05 ES ES407512A patent/ES407512A1/en not_active Expired
- 1972-10-05 DE DE19722248795 patent/DE2248795B2/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT975164B (en) | 1974-07-20 |
| ES407513A1 (en) | 1975-10-16 |
| JPS4845425A (en) | 1973-06-29 |
| NO138359C (en) | 1978-08-23 |
| ES407512A1 (en) | 1975-11-01 |
| NL7213419A (en) | 1973-04-09 |
| SE397169B (en) | 1977-10-24 |
| JPS5123370B2 (en) | 1976-07-16 |
| DK131613B (en) | 1975-08-11 |
| CA986681A (en) | 1976-04-06 |
| CH562067A5 (en) | 1975-05-30 |
| DE2248795A1 (en) | 1973-04-19 |
| BE789257A (en) | 1973-01-15 |
| DK131613C (en) | 1976-01-12 |
| DE2248795B2 (en) | 1976-08-12 |
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