NO137588B - PROCEDURES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SOFT, HEXAGONAL BORNITRID CRYSTALS - Google Patents
PROCEDURES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SOFT, HEXAGONAL BORNITRID CRYSTALS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO137588B NO137588B NO743192A NO743192A NO137588B NO 137588 B NO137588 B NO 137588B NO 743192 A NO743192 A NO 743192A NO 743192 A NO743192 A NO 743192A NO 137588 B NO137588 B NO 137588B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- screen
- bornitrid
- hexagonal
- crystals
- procedures
- Prior art date
Links
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015842 Hesperis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012633 Iberis amara Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000015 trinitrotoluene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/064—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/38—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B9/00—Single-crystal growth from melt solutions using molten solvents
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Anordning ved en rakettdrevet mineorm. Device for a rocket-propelled mine worm.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en anordning ved en rakettdrevet mineorm. The present invention relates to a device for a rocket-propelled mine worm.
En mineorm er en med sprengstoff fylt slange som vanligvis er 100—200 m lang og som skytes ut slik at den kommer til å ligge tvers over et minelagt område. Etter at mineormen er bragt til å eksplodere, kan egne troppestyrker farefritt passere det minelagte område, idet eventuelle land-miner er bragt til å eksplodere av mineormen. Det er vanlig praksis å skyte mine-ormer ut ved hjelp av raketter og det er også vanlig å stabilisere mineormen ved hjelp av en bremseskjerm av fallskjermty-pen, festet til mineormen ved hjelp av liner som forbinder punkter på skjermens periferi med mineormens bakre ende. A mine worm is a hose filled with explosives which is usually 100-200 m long and which is launched so that it will lie across a mined area. After the mine worm has been caused to explode, own troop forces can safely pass through the mined area, as any land mines have been caused to explode by the mine worm. It is common practice to launch mineworms using rockets and it is also common to stabilize the mineworm by means of a parachute-type braking screen, attached to the mineworm by means of lines connecting points on the screen's periphery to the rear end of the mineworm.
Under den siste del av en slik mineorms bane gjennom luften vil påvirknin-ger på skjermen av sidevind kunne bli like store eller større enn skjermens bremsekraft, slik at en eventuell sidevind kan forskyve mineormens bakre ende betydelig i sideretningen i forhold til det vertikalplan i hvilket mineormens øvrige del beveger seg. Dette vil bety at mineormens effektive lengde forkortes, hvilket igjen kan resulte-re i at hele minefeltets dybde ikke kan uskadeliggjøres ved hjelp av en eneste mineorm. During the last part of such a minesweeper's path through the air, effects on the screen of crosswinds could be as great or greater than the screen's braking force, so that a possible sidewind could displace the rear end of the minesweeper significantly laterally in relation to the vertical plane in which the minesweeper other parts move. This will mean that the mineworm's effective length is shortened, which in turn can result in the entire depth of the minefield not being able to be neutralized with the help of a single mineworm.
Hensikten med foreliggende oppfinnelse er å skaffe en anordning ved en mineorm av nevnte type, hvor der ikke forelig-ger fare for at sidevind kan bringe mineormens bakre del ut av sin tilsiktede kurs. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for a minesweeper of the aforementioned type, where there is no danger that crosswinds can bring the rear part of the minesweeper out of its intended course.
Dette oppnås ifølge oppfinnelsen ved at der i skjermen er anordnet et fjærende This is achieved according to the invention by having a spring end arranged in the screen
organ på en slik måte at det er spent i skjermens utfoldede stilling, i hvilken stilling organet påvirker skjermed med en kraft som søker å endre skjermens form, slik at skjermens bremsekraft minskes. member in such a way that it is tensioned in the screen's unfolded position, in which position the member affects the screen with a force that seeks to change the screen's shape, so that the screen's braking force is reduced.
Oppfinnelsen skal beskrives i det føl-gende under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser en mineorm klar for avfyring, fig. 2 drivkraftens og bremsekraftens va-riasjoner under en mineorms flyvetid og fig. 3, 4, 5 og 6 anordninger ifølge oppfinnelsen. The invention will be described in the following with reference to the drawing, where fig. 1 shows a mine worm ready for firing, fig. 2 the variations of the driving force and braking force during a mineworm's flight time and fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6 devices according to the invention.
På fig. 1 betegner 1 en slange som er fylt med sprengstoff, f. eks. trinitrotoluol. Et rakettutskytningsapparat 2 danner un-derstøttelser for en drivrakett 3. I slangens bakre ende er der anordnet en stabilise-rings-bremseskjerm 4. Ved rakettens avfyring øker fremdriftskraften F som siden holder seg nesten konstant under rakettens brenntid. Drivkraftens variasjon med tiden fremgår av kurven F,,, fig. 2. Skjermen 4 foldes ut når mineormens bakre ende har fått en viss hastighet. Utfoldingen forår-saker et meget kortvarig sjokk, hvoretter skjermen frembringer en bremsekraft som varierer med tiden i henhold til kurven F,,, fig. 2. Det er ønskelig å konstruere skjermen slik at bremsekraften plutselig opp-hører når den er sunket til verdien F,,,. In fig. 1 denotes a hose that is filled with explosives, e.g. trinitrotoluene. A rocket launch device 2 forms supports for a propellant rocket 3. At the rear end of the hose there is a stabilizing brake screen 4. When the rocket is fired, the propulsion force F increases, which then remains almost constant during the rocket's burning time. The variation of the driving force with time can be seen from the curve F,,, fig. 2. The screen 4 unfolds when the rear end of the mine worm has gained a certain speed. The unfolding causes a very brief shock, after which the screen produces a braking force which varies with time according to the curve F,,, fig. 2. It is desirable to design the screen so that the braking force suddenly ceases when it has fallen to the value F,,,.
På fig. 3 er vist en anordning ifølge oppfinnelsen. Her gjenfinnes slangen 1 og skjermen 4. Et kobleorgan 5 bevirker at skjermen kan rotere uten at slangen 1 vris. In fig. 3 shows a device according to the invention. Here the hose 1 and screen 4 are found. A coupling device 5 means that the screen can rotate without the hose 1 twisting.
Skjermens 4 periferi er forbundet med kobleorganet 5 på skjermens geometriske aksel ved hjelp av et antall snorer 6. Skjermens sentrale del står i forbindelse med samme punkt over et fjærende organ 7 som i det viste eksempel består av en skru-fjær, men som av emballeringshensyn med fordel kan bestå av et antall sammentvun-ne gummitråder anordnet i en strekkbar tekstilstrømpe. Et slikt organ kalles en amortisør. The periphery of the screen 4 is connected to the coupling member 5 on the geometric axis of the screen by means of a number of cords 6. The central part of the screen is connected to the same point above a springy member 7 which in the example shown consists of a coil spring, but which for packaging reasons can advantageously consist of a number of twisted rubber threads arranged in a stretchable textile stocking. Such a body is called an amortiser.
Etterhånden som bremsekraften Fn avtar, avtar trekkraften i snorene 6, mens trekkraften i det fjærende organ 7 er konstant. Når Fn er sunket til omtrent samme størrelse som trekkraften i det fjærende organ 7, vil en forkortning av dette organ begynne, slik at bremsekraften Fn synker hurtigere. Dette resulterer i at det fjærende organ ytterligere forkortes, slik at skjermens bremseevne plutselig avtar til en lav verdi. As the braking force Fn decreases, the traction force in the cords 6 decreases, while the traction force in the springing member 7 is constant. When Fn has decreased to approximately the same size as the traction force in the springy member 7, a shortening of this member will begin, so that the braking force Fn decreases more rapidly. This results in the spring member being further shortened, so that the brake performance of the screen suddenly decreases to a low value.
Ved utførelsen ifølge fig. 4 er det fjærende organ 7 erstattet med en ringformet amortisør 8 som stort sett følger periferien i utfoldet tilstand. Amortisøren 8 søker å minske skjermens 4 bremseevne, men holdes utspent så lenge den relative vind-hastighet er tilstrekkelig stor. In the embodiment according to fig. 4, the springy member 7 is replaced by an annular shock absorber 8 which largely follows the periphery in the unfolded state. The shock absorber 8 seeks to reduce the braking power of the screen 4, but is kept extended as long as the relative wind speed is sufficiently large.
Ved utførelsen ifølge fig. 5 erstatter en amortisør 9 som er anordnet mellom et In the embodiment according to fig. 5 replaces a shock absorber 9 which is arranged between a
punkt på skjermens 4 periferi og kobleorganet 5, den på fig. 3 viste fjær 7. point on the periphery of the screen 4 and the coupling member 5, the one in fig. 3 showed feather 7.
Ifølge fig. 6 utgjøres det fjærende organ av to amortisører 10 som er anordnet i kryss og forbinder motstående punkter på skjermens 4 periferi. According to fig. 6, the springing member is formed by two shock absorbers 10 which are arranged in a cross and connect opposite points on the periphery of the screen 4.
De på fig. 4—6 viste utførelser virker i prinsippet på samme måte som den på fig. 3 viste utførelse. Those in fig. The embodiments shown in 4-6 work in principle in the same way as the one in fig. 3 showed embodiment.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US39463573A | 1973-09-06 | 1973-09-06 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO743192L NO743192L (en) | 1975-04-01 |
| NO137588B true NO137588B (en) | 1977-12-12 |
| NO137588C NO137588C (en) | 1978-03-21 |
Family
ID=23559782
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO743192A NO137588C (en) | 1973-09-06 | 1974-09-05 | PROCEDURE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BLOOD, HEXAGONAL BORNITRID CRYSTALS |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS558925B2 (en) |
| AT (1) | AT362746B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE818939A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1040385A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH605404A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2441298C3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2243151B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1481026A (en) |
| IE (1) | IE39637B1 (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1020281B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO137588C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE394415B (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA744736B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58126464U (en) * | 1982-02-18 | 1983-08-27 | コニカ株式会社 | developing device |
| JPS58133156U (en) * | 1982-03-03 | 1983-09-08 | コニカ株式会社 | developing device |
| FR2796657B1 (en) * | 1999-07-20 | 2001-10-26 | Thomson Csf | PROCESS FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF SOLID MONOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS IN NITRIDES OF ELEMENTS OF COLUMN III OF THE TABLE OF THE PERIODIC CLASSIFICATION |
-
1974
- 1974-07-22 CA CA205,299A patent/CA1040385A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-07-23 IE IE1563/74A patent/IE39637B1/en unknown
- 1974-07-24 ZA ZA00744736A patent/ZA744736B/en unknown
- 1974-07-29 GB GB33346/74A patent/GB1481026A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-16 BE BE147688A patent/BE818939A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-08-29 DE DE2441298A patent/DE2441298C3/en not_active Expired
- 1974-08-29 IT IT26719/74A patent/IT1020281B/en active
- 1974-09-03 AT AT0710174A patent/AT362746B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-09-03 FR FR7429930A patent/FR2243151B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-09-04 CH CH1199174A patent/CH605404A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1974-09-05 JP JP10144874A patent/JPS558925B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1974-09-05 SE SE7302002A patent/SE394415B/en unknown
- 1974-09-05 NO NO743192A patent/NO137588C/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE2441298C3 (en) | 1982-01-28 |
| IE39637L (en) | 1975-03-06 |
| AU7158474A (en) | 1976-01-29 |
| IT1020281B (en) | 1977-12-20 |
| NO137588C (en) | 1978-03-21 |
| CA1040385A (en) | 1978-10-17 |
| JPS5076000A (en) | 1975-06-21 |
| AT362746B (en) | 1981-06-10 |
| SE394415B (en) | 1977-06-27 |
| BE818939A (en) | 1974-12-16 |
| ZA744736B (en) | 1975-11-26 |
| SE7411253L (en) | 1975-03-07 |
| IE39637B1 (en) | 1978-11-22 |
| JPS558925B2 (en) | 1980-03-06 |
| ATA710174A (en) | 1980-11-15 |
| FR2243151A1 (en) | 1975-04-04 |
| CH605404A5 (en) | 1978-09-29 |
| NO743192L (en) | 1975-04-01 |
| FR2243151B1 (en) | 1978-07-13 |
| DE2441298A1 (en) | 1975-03-13 |
| GB1481026A (en) | 1977-07-27 |
| DE2441298B2 (en) | 1981-03-12 |
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