NO134978B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO134978B NO134978B NO2827/72A NO282772A NO134978B NO 134978 B NO134978 B NO 134978B NO 2827/72 A NO2827/72 A NO 2827/72A NO 282772 A NO282772 A NO 282772A NO 134978 B NO134978 B NO 134978B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- pawl
- joint mechanism
- pal
- knee joint
- Prior art date
Links
- 210000000629 knee joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012729 immediate-release (IR) formulation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16G—BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
- F16G15/00—Chain couplings, Shackles; Chain joints; Chain links; Chain bushes
- F16G15/04—Quickly-detachable chain couplings; Shackles chain links with rapid junction means are classified according to the corresponding kind of chain
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/18—Stoppers for anchor chains
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/20—Control lever and linkage systems
- Y10T74/20576—Elements
- Y10T74/20582—Levers
- Y10T74/20588—Levers toggle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/21—Elements
- Y10T74/2133—Pawls and ratchets
- Y10T74/2136—Pivoted pawls
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
- Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
Description
Oppfinnelsen vedrorer en sanunenklappbar pal. Palen er særlig anvendelig for nodutlosning av fortoyningskjettinger eller The invention relates to a sununenfoldable pal. The pallet is particularly useful for knot release of mooring chains or
-kabler for skip, borerigg e.l. - cables for ships, drilling rigs etc.
Ombord i skip eller borerigger er det kjent å hindre ytterligere utmating av fortoyningskjettinger eller-kabler ved å forsyne kjettingstoppere, kjettinghjul, vinsjer og ankerspill med paler som virker enten direkte på kjettingene ved kjettingstopperen eller kjettinghjulet, eller indirekte via tannringer på kjettingene eller kablene for vinsjene eller ankerspillene. On board ships or drilling rigs, it is known to prevent further discharge of mooring chains or cables by providing chain stoppers, chain wheels, winches and windlass with pawls that act either directly on the chains at the chain stopper or chain wheel, or indirectly via toothed rings on the chains or cables for the winches or the windlass.
Under normale forhold når det er onskelig å hive inn kjettingene eller kablene, blir disse paler ganske enkelt frigjort, og vinsjene eller spillene kan hive kjettingene eller kablene inn. Under normal conditions when it is desirable to retract the chains or cables, these pawls are simply released and the winches or winches can retract the chains or cables.
Erfaring har vist at nodsituasjoner kan oppstå som nodvendig-gjor oyeblikkelig frigjoring av fortoyningene. Når det f.eks. forekommer "blow-out", kan det være nodvendig at en borerigg oyeblikkelig beveges bort fra bronnens beliggenhet. I tilfelle "blow-outet" har tatt fyr eller har bevirket at sjoens tetthet reduseres så meget at boreriggen er tilboyelig til å synke, Experience has shown that emergency situations can arise which necessitate the immediate release of the moorings. When it e.g. If "blow-out" occurs, it may be necessary for a drilling rig to be immediately moved away from the location of the well. In the event that the "blow-out" has caught fire or has caused the density of the sea to decrease so much that the drilling rig is liable to sink,
kan den hastighet med hvilken boreriggen beveges bort, være en vital faktor for å unngå en ulykke. I enkelte av disse situa-sjoner har det vist seg umulig å frigjore fortoyningene. Hvis eksempelvis en storm har bevirket en stramming av kjettingene eller kablene som er storre enn vinsjenes eller ankerspillenes trekk-kraft, slik at vinsjene eller ankerspillene ikke engang kan hive inn kjettingene eller kablene et ganske lite stykke, the speed at which the drilling rig is moved away can be a vital factor in avoiding an accident. In some of these situations it has proved impossible to release the moorings. If, for example, a storm has caused a tightening of the chains or cables that is greater than the pulling power of the winches or windlass, so that the winches or windlass cannot even pull in the chains or cables quite a small distance,
kan ikke palene bli frigjort. the pawls cannot be released.
Nærmere bestemt vedrorer oppfinnelsen en pal for kjettingstoppere, vinsjer, ankerspill og lignende og omfattende to deler som er leddforbundet med hverandre, idet det nye og karakteristiske er at en fluidumsoperert stempel-sylinder-anordning er anordnet i området for de to tilstotende ender av de to deler og virker i dette området for å klappe palen sammen. More specifically, the invention relates to a pawl for chain stoppers, winches, windlass and the like and comprising two parts which are articulated with each other, the new and characteristic being that a fluid-operated piston-cylinder device is arranged in the area of the two adjacent ends of the two divides and acts in this area to clap the palis together.
Oppfinnelsen har den fordel at ved å forsyne en kjettingstopper, et kjettinghjul, en vinsj eller et ankerspill ombord i et skip, en borerigg e.l. med en pal ifolge oppfinnelsen, er det mulig på en enkel og billig måte å sorge for oyeblikkelig frigjoring av en kjetting eller kabel i en nodsituasjon. The invention has the advantage that by supplying a chain stopper, a chain wheel, a winch or an anchor windlass on board a ship, a drilling rig etc. with a pawl according to the invention, it is possible in a simple and cheap way to provide for the immediate release of a chain or cable in an emergency situation.
Foråt oppfinnelsen skal forstås bedre og lettere bringes til utforelse, skal det nu vises til den efterfolgende beskrivelse av et på tegningene vist utforelseseksempel. Before the invention can be better understood and more easily implemented, reference must now be made to the following description of an embodiment shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 viser et sideriss av en baugstopper for et skip. Fig. 1 shows a side view of a bow stopper for a ship.
Fig. 2 viser et vertikalt snitt gjennom en sammenklappbar pal for denne baugstopper. Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through a collapsible pal for this bow stopper.
Fig. 3 viser perspektivisk den ene del av palen. Fig. 3 shows one part of the pallet in perspective.
Fig. 4 viser perspektivisk den andre del av palen. Fig. 4 shows the second part of the pallet in perspective.
Fig. 5 viser den forste del eller det forste ledd av palen sett i planriss. Fig. 5 shows the first part or the first link of the pallet seen in plan view.
Fig. 6 viser et sideriss av denne forste del. Fig. 6 shows a side view of this first part.
Fig. 7 viser i planriss den andre del av palen. Fig. 7 shows a plan view of the second part of the pallet.
Fig. 8 viser et sideriss av den andre del. Fig. 8 shows a side view of the second part.
Fig. 9 viser et sideriss av et kjettinghjul forsynt med den sammenklappbare pal. Fig. 10 viser et sideriss av en modifisert utforelse av kjettinghjulet i fig. 9, og Fig. 11 viser skjematisk et sideriss av et ankerspill forsynt med den sammenklappbare pal. Fig. 9 shows a side view of a sprocket provided with the collapsible pawl. Fig. 10 shows a side view of a modified embodiment of the sprocket in fig. 9, and Fig. 11 schematically shows a side view of an anchor windlass provided with the collapsible pal.
Ser man på fig. 1 - 8 på tegningene, så tjener baugstopperen til å oppta strekket i en ankerkjetting 1, for hvilken den venstre ende i fig. 1 er forbundet med en vinsj og den hoyre ende går til ankeret. Baugstopperen omfatter to sideplater (av hvilken den ene er vist og angitt ved henvisningstallet 2), mellom hvilke er dreibart montert en vektarm 3, til hvilken er festet en foringskanal 4 for kjettingen 1. Den ene arm av vektarmen 3 har i den ytre ende en belastningscelle 5, som anvendes for å angi strekket i den del av kjettingen 1 som ligger mellom baugstopperen.og ankeret, mens den andre arm av vektarmen 3 har dreibar lagring med den ytre ende av palen 6, som stopper Looking at fig. 1 - 8 in the drawings, the bow stopper serves to accommodate the tension in an anchor chain 1, for which the left end in fig. 1 is connected to a winch and the right end goes to the anchor. The bow stopper comprises two side plates (one of which is shown and indicated by the reference number 2), between which a weight arm 3 is rotatably mounted, to which a lining channel 4 for the chain 1 is attached. One arm of the weight arm 3 has at the outer end a load cell 5, which is used to indicate the tension in the part of the chain 1 that lies between the bow stopper and the anchor, while the other arm of the weight arm 3 has rotatable bearing with the outer end of the pawl 6, which stops
bevegelsen av kjettingen 1 gjennom baugstopperen mot ankeret. the movement of the chain 1 through the bow stopper towards the anchor.
En arm 7 er festet til palen 6 og anvendes for å svinge palen oppover til ikke virksom stilling når det er onskelig å stikke ut kjettingen 1. An arm 7 is attached to the pawl 6 and is used to swing the pawl upwards to the inactive position when it is desirable to extend the chain 1.
Under visse forhold f.eks. i stormvær, kan strekket i det parti av kjettingen 1 som ligger mellom baugstopperen og ankeret, Under certain conditions, e.g. in stormy weather, the stretch in the part of the chain 1 that lies between the bow stopper and the anchor,
oke over ankerspillets trekkraft, slik at det ikke er mulig å hive kjettingen tilstrekkelig inn til at palen 6 kan frigjores vfed hjelp av armen 7. For å mestre denne situasjon er så palen 6 gjort sammenklappbar. For dette dyeméd består den av to deler oke over the winch's pulling power, so that it is not possible to pull the chain in sufficiently for the pawl 6 to be released with the help of the arm 7. To cope with this situation, the pawl 6 is made collapsible. For this dyemead, it consists of two parts
8 og 9 som ligger efter hverandre langs palens lengdeakse 11. Delene 8 og 9 er leddforbundet med hverandre ved hjelp av sideledd 12 som er forbundet med delene 8 og 9 ved hjelp av horisontale tapper 13 med sine akser 14 forlopende på tvers av aksen 11. Delene 8 og 9 er på undersiden av sine ender forsynt med uttagninger 15 og 16,'som opptar kneledd 17 og 18, hvilke er dreibart montert i de ytre ender på tapper 19 og 20 anordnet i noe langstrakte hull 21 og 22 i delene 8 og 9, og er dreibart forbundet i de indre ender med en felles tapp 23. Hullene 21 og 22 har sine forlengelsesakser forlopende parallelt med den fremspringende toppflate 15a og 16a for uttagningene 15 og 16. Tappen 23 opptas i et dye 24 for en stempelstang 25 med et stempel 26 som beveger seg frem og tilbake i en hydraulisk sylinder 27. Stempelstangen 25 strekker seg gjennom en boring 28 anordnet delvis i delen 8 og delvis i delen 9. Toppen av delen 8 har en fremspringende leppe 29 som går inn i en uttagning 30 8 and 9 which lie one behind the other along the longitudinal axis 11 of the pile. The parts 8 and 9 are articulated with each other by means of side joints 12 which are connected to the parts 8 and 9 by means of horizontal pins 13 with their axes 14 extending across the axis 11. The parts 8 and 9 are provided on the underside of their ends with recesses 15 and 16, which accommodate knee joints 17 and 18, which are rotatably mounted at the outer ends on pins 19 and 20 arranged in somewhat elongated holes 21 and 22 in the parts 8 and 9, and is rotatably connected at the inner ends with a common pin 23. The holes 21 and 22 have their extension axes running parallel to the projecting top surface 15a and 16a for the recesses 15 and 16. The pin 23 is received in a die 24 for a piston rod 25 with a piston 26 which moves back and forth in a hydraulic cylinder 27. The piston rod 25 extends through a bore 28 arranged partly in the part 8 and partly in the part 9. The top of the part 8 has a projecting lip 29 which enters a recess 30
i toppen av delen 9. Sylinderen 27 hviler fritt mot overflate-partiet av delen 8 i dette område. Delene 17 - 24 danner et kneledd som er bevegelig over en dodpunktstilling, i hvilken de horisontale tappers 19, 20 og 23 akser ligger i samme plan. I den stilling som er vist i fig. 2; ligger tappens 23 akse like under dette felles plan men hindres fra å bevege seg nedover på grunn av at stemplet 26 er i den nedre stilling i sylinderen 27. Kneleddet hindrer således palens deler 8 og 9 fra å svinge om en horisontal akse 31 som utgjor toppen av de motende flater for uttagningene 15 og 16/ og strekker seg over aksen 11 under virkningen av den sammenpressende kraft langs aksen 11. Sammen-klapping av palen under virkningen av denne kraft vil derved hindres. Når det imidlertid er onskelig å klappe palen sammen, tilfores hydraulisk fluidum til sylinderen 27, slik at stemplet 26 loftes, hvorved aksen for tappen 23 loftes til over det plan som inneholder aksene for tappene 19 og 20. Palen klapper imidlertid ikke ennu sammen på grunn av anlegget mellom de indre endeflater av delene 8 og 9 som presses mot hverandre/ og på grunn av at hullene 21 og 22 tillater en begrenset bevegelse av tappene 19 og 20 inntil disse tapper når de indre ender av hullene. Derpå vil fortsatt lofting av tappen 23 ved hjelp av stemplet 26 begynne å dreie delene 8 og 9 henholdsvis mot og med urviseren i fig. 2 inntil den sammenpressende kraft langs aksen 11 virker til å knekke palen sammen. Denne knekkbevegelse av palen 6 vil straks lofte stempelstangen 25 og derved sylinderen 27 bort fra delen 8. Den sammenklappede pal svinger med urviseren inntil den oppfanges av et fjærbelastet stempel (ikke vist) som hindrer palen fra å gå tilbake mot kjettingen 1. at the top of part 9. The cylinder 27 rests freely against the surface part of part 8 in this area. The parts 17 - 24 form a knee joint which is movable above a dead center position, in which the axes of the horizontal pins 19, 20 and 23 lie in the same plane. In the position shown in fig. 2; the axis of the pin 23 lies just below this common plane but is prevented from moving downwards due to the fact that the piston 26 is in the lower position in the cylinder 27. The knee joint thus prevents the parts 8 and 9 of the pawl from swinging about a horizontal axis 31 which forms the top of the facing surfaces for the recesses 15 and 16/ and extends over the axis 11 under the action of the compressive force along the axis 11. Collapsing of the pawl under the action of this force will thereby be prevented. However, when it is desired to fold the pawl together, hydraulic fluid is supplied to the cylinder 27, so that the piston 26 is lifted, whereby the axis of the pin 23 is lifted above the plane containing the axes of the pins 19 and 20. However, the pawl does not yet fold together due to of the facility between the inner end surfaces of the parts 8 and 9 which are pressed against each other/ and because the holes 21 and 22 allow a limited movement of the pins 19 and 20 until these pins reach the inner ends of the holes. Then continued lofting of the pin 23 by means of the piston 26 will start to turn the parts 8 and 9 respectively against and clockwise in fig. 2 until the compressive force along the axis 11 works to break the paw together. This snapping movement of the pawl 6 will immediately lift the piston rod 25 and thereby the cylinder 27 away from the part 8. The folded pawl swings clockwise until it is caught by a spring-loaded piston (not shown) which prevents the pawl from moving back towards the chain 1.
Den sammenklappbare pal 6 kan også anvendes for et kj ettinghjul, som vist i fig. 9, hvor ankerkjettingen 1 loper over kjettinghjulet 40 og hindres fra å bevege seg mot hoyre av palen 6. The collapsible pawl 6 can also be used for a chain wheel, as shown in fig. 9, where the anchor chain 1 runs over the sprocket 40 and is prevented from moving to the right by the pawl 6.
En hydraulisk stempelsylinderanordning 41 tjener samme formål som armen 7 i fig. 1. A hydraulic piston cylinder device 41 serves the same purpose as the arm 7 in fig. 1.
I utforelsen ifolge fig. 10 virker palen 6 istedenfor direkte på kjettingen 1, som derved kan bli beskadiget, indirekte, nemlig over tennene på et tannhjul 4 2 som er festet koaksielt med kjettinghjulet 40. In the embodiment according to fig. 10, the pawl 6 instead acts directly on the chain 1, which can thereby be damaged, indirectly, namely over the teeth of a gear wheel 4 2 which is fixed coaxially with the chain wheel 40.
Fig. 11 viser palen 6 anvendt for et spill 43, over hvilket en kjetting 1 ligger. Spillet 43 omfatter et drivhjul 44 som står i inngrep med en tannring 45 på spillets kjettinghjul. Palen 6 har tenner 46 i den frie ende for inngrep med tennene 45 til hindring av kjettinghjulets dreining. Fig. 11 shows the pawl 6 used for a winch 43, above which a chain 1 lies. The winch 43 comprises a drive wheel 44 which engages with a toothed ring 45 on the winch's sprocket. The pawl 6 has teeth 46 at the free end for engagement with the teeth 45 to prevent the sprocket from turning.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB3759171A GB1367358A (en) | 1971-08-10 | 1971-08-10 | Pawls |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO134978B true NO134978B (en) | 1976-10-11 |
NO134978C NO134978C (en) | 1977-01-19 |
Family
ID=10397596
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO2827/72A NO134978C (en) | 1971-08-10 | 1972-08-08 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3803942A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4827486A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2239183A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2148606B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1367358A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7210899A (en) |
NO (1) | NO134978C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2388714A1 (en) * | 1977-04-28 | 1978-11-24 | Pusnes Mek Verksted | ARRANGEMENT FOR CHAIN BOSS |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3924243A (en) * | 1974-08-06 | 1975-12-02 | Ibm | Cross-field-partitioning in array logic modules |
US3911764A (en) * | 1974-10-23 | 1975-10-14 | James Daniel Duggan | Chain guiding apparatus |
JPS5543706U (en) * | 1978-09-13 | 1980-03-21 | ||
US4486007A (en) * | 1982-07-16 | 1984-12-04 | Intercontinental Engineering-Manufacturing Corporation | Emergency pawl release system for winches |
GB2131380A (en) * | 1982-12-08 | 1984-06-20 | Duggan Marine Equip Ltd | Collapsible chain stopper |
JPS61132490A (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1986-06-19 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Chain-cable controller |
US4878452A (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1989-11-07 | Amca International Corporation | Quick-release mooring apparatus for floating vessels |
FR2630992B1 (en) * | 1988-05-03 | 1993-04-09 | Maingret Michel | RATCHET MIXED BARBOTIN |
US5934216A (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 1999-08-10 | Oceaneering International Inc. | Method and apparatus for tensioning and deploying mooring chain |
US7284496B1 (en) | 2004-12-31 | 2007-10-23 | Douceur John R | Fail-safe remotely controlled chain stopper with position indicator |
NO20063699L (en) * | 2006-08-17 | 2008-02-18 | Rolls Royce Marine As | Device by a shark jaw |
NO20120264A1 (en) * | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-09 | Scana Offshore Vestby As | Rotary chain winch for retraction and tightening of anchor lines for floating production and storage vessels as well as drilling and production platforms |
CN103507920B (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-03-30 | 大连船舶重工集团有限公司 | Based on the chain stopper strengthening structure on ship |
CN102941910A (en) * | 2012-11-07 | 2013-02-27 | 武汉船用机械有限责任公司 | Anchor chain retaining device |
CN103640672A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-19 | 无锡起岸重工机械有限公司 | Marine chain cable controller |
CN114013568A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-08 | 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 | Emergency release device of chain stopper |
CN114013569A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-08 | 中船华南船舶机械有限公司 | Chain stopper with emergency release function |
CN115107929A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-09-27 | 中交一航局第五工程有限公司 | Cable coiling device and method for anchor machine |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1226731A (en) * | 1917-03-31 | 1917-05-22 | William J Wheeler | Trip riding-pawl. |
US3144776A (en) * | 1957-12-20 | 1964-08-18 | Allegany Instr Company Inc | Latch mechanism |
-
1971
- 1971-08-10 GB GB3759171A patent/GB1367358A/en not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-08-08 NO NO2827/72A patent/NO134978C/no unknown
- 1972-08-09 US US00279657A patent/US3803942A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-08-09 DE DE2239183A patent/DE2239183A1/en active Pending
- 1972-08-09 NL NL7210899A patent/NL7210899A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1972-08-10 FR FR727228953A patent/FR2148606B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-08-10 JP JP47079549A patent/JPS4827486A/ja active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2388714A1 (en) * | 1977-04-28 | 1978-11-24 | Pusnes Mek Verksted | ARRANGEMENT FOR CHAIN BOSS |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2148606B1 (en) | 1973-08-10 |
NL7210899A (en) | 1973-02-13 |
JPS4827486A (en) | 1973-04-11 |
NO134978C (en) | 1977-01-19 |
US3803942A (en) | 1974-04-16 |
FR2148606A1 (en) | 1973-03-23 |
GB1367358A (en) | 1974-09-18 |
DE2239183A1 (en) | 1973-02-22 |
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