NO134474B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO134474B NO134474B NO4111/72A NO411172A NO134474B NO 134474 B NO134474 B NO 134474B NO 4111/72 A NO4111/72 A NO 4111/72A NO 411172 A NO411172 A NO 411172A NO 134474 B NO134474 B NO 134474B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- combustion
- incinerator
- droplets
- incinerator according
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/24—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber
- F23G5/245—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a vertical, substantially cylindrical, combustion chamber with perforated bottom or grate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Vertikal forbrenningsovn for slam-materiale.Vertical incinerator for sludge material.
Description
Oppfinnelsen vedrorer en vertikal forbrenningsovn for slam-materialer med et hoyt væskeinnhold som muliggjor at det kan forstoves. The invention relates to a vertical incinerator for sludge materials with a high liquid content which enables it to be atomised.
Vanligvis deler man de kjente vertikale forbrenningsovner Generally, the known vertical incinerators are divided
for slam-materialer inn i to typer: Den forste typen er utfort slik at slammet forbrennes ved at det blandes med fluidiserte materialer som er oppvarmet. Det ekstra brennstoff som er nodvendig for oppvarmingen fores inn i det fluidiserte sjikt og forbrenningen i sjiktet sikres etter en blanding med fluidiseringsluften. Slammet fores inn i fluidiseringssjiktet, eller inn over det, <p>g den asken som kommer fra forbrenningen av slammet oppvarmes til sjiktets gjennomsnitts temperatur. for sludge materials into two types: The first type is designed so that the sludge is burned by mixing it with fluidized materials that are heated. The extra fuel required for heating is fed into the fluidized bed and combustion in the bed is ensured after mixing with the fluidizing air. The sludge is fed into the fluidization layer, or above it, <p>g the ash that comes from the combustion of the sludge is heated to the layer's average temperature.
Ovnen arbeider vanligvis under trykk, og den fluidiserende luft blåses inn under gitteret. Roken som går opp, tar med seg den The furnace usually works under pressure, and the fluidizing air is blown in under the grid. The row that goes up takes it with it
pulveriserte aske. powdered ash.
En slik forbrenningsovn som arbeider med et fluidiserende sjikt har en rekke ulemper: den krever en innretning for innfbring av materialeene som utgjor sjiktet (vanligvis sand), sjiktet må byttes ut regelmessig, det kreves ekstra kraft til ventilering for å muliggjore fluidiseringen og for å overvinne et betydelig trykkfall i gitteret, slik at man får en tilfresstillende fordeling av den fluidiserende luft, og det er nodvendig å fore brennstoffet inn i det fluidiserte materiale med en hoy temperatur, hvilket forer til vanskeligheter med koksav-leiringer som folge av en dårlig utvikling av forbrenningen i det fluidiserende sjikt. Resultatet er at man får en heterogen temperatur i sjiktet. Such an incinerator working with a fluidized bed has a number of disadvantages: it requires a device for introducing the materials that make up the bed (usually sand), the bed must be replaced regularly, additional power is required for ventilation to enable the fluidization and to overcome a significant pressure drop in the grate, so that a satisfactory distribution of the fluidizing air is obtained, and it is necessary to feed the fuel into the fluidized material at a high temperature, which leads to difficulties with coke deposits as a result of poor development of the combustion in the fluidized bed. The result is that you get a heterogeneous temperature in the layer.
For det andre i andre typer av forbrenningsovner brukes Secondly, in other types of incinerators are used
gass i motstrom med slammet. Kaloribehovet som må til for å oke temperaturen i slammet tål forbrenningstemperatur, tilveiebringes av brennere. Slammet pulveriseres etter en sikting for å unngå en gjen-stopping av forstovningsinnretningen. Ovnen arbeider vanligvis under redusert trykk, og den luft som er nodvendig for forbrenningen suges-inn. Forbrenningsrestene tas ut i bunnen av ovnen ved hjelp av en luft-sluse eller en annen egnet innretning. Restproduktene foreligger vanligvis i form av en smeltet masse, idet ovnen vanligvis behandler reststoffer fra papirindustrien. gas in countercurrent with the sludge. The caloric requirement needed to raise the temperature of the sludge to a combustion temperature is provided by burners. The sludge is pulverized after sieving to avoid re-clogging of the atomization device. The furnace usually works under reduced pressure, and the air required for combustion is sucked in. The combustion residues are removed at the bottom of the oven using an air lock or another suitable device. The residual products are usually in the form of a molten mass, as the furnace usually processes residual substances from the paper industry.
Roken går ut overst i ovnen. The roe comes out at the top of the oven.
Denne utforelsen har også en rekke ulemper.. En vesentlig ulempe er at asketommingen er i bunnen og krever tetninger slik at asken eller den smeltede masse kan tas ut utenat kald luft kommer inn. Det er vanskelig å få en hel forbrenning av slammet for den når bunnen av ovnen. Dette forer til at forbrenningen fortsetter på herden og det forekommer at det må tas ut slam som ikke er helt forbrent. This design also has a number of disadvantages. A significant disadvantage is that the ash emptying is at the bottom and requires seals so that the ash or the molten mass can be removed without cold air entering. It is difficult to get a complete combustion of the sludge because it reaches the bottom of the furnace. This leads to combustion continuing on the hearth and it happens that sludge that has not been completely burned must be removed.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse tar sikte på å rette på disse ulemper. The present invention aims to remedy these disadvantages.
Ifblge oppfinnelsen er det derfor tilveiebragt en forbrenningsovn som angitt i krav 1. Ytterligere trekk ved oppfinnelsen vil gå frem av underkravene og fordeler ved oppfinnelsen vil gå frem av den etterfolgeride beskrivelse av det på tegningene viste utforelseseksempel av oppfinnelsen. According to the invention, an incinerator is therefore provided as stated in claim 1. Further features of the invention will be apparent from the subclaims and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the subsequent description of the embodiment of the invention shown in the drawings.
På tegningene viser The drawings show
fig. 1 et snitt gjennom en forbrenningsovn ifolge oppfinnelsen, fig. 1 a section through an incinerator according to the invention,
fig. 2 viser et snitt gjennom forstovningsinnretningen og fig. 2 shows a section through the atomization device and
fig. 3 viser et horisontalt snitt gjennom forstovningsinnretningen. fig. 3 shows a horizontal section through the atomization device.
Den viste forbrenningsovn har i bunnen et gitterverk som innbefatter brenner, og innbefatter videre et forbrenningsluftfordelings-kammer, brenseltilforselsledninger og en forstovningsinnretning. The incinerator shown has, at the bottom, a grid structure that includes a burner, and further includes a combustion air distribution chamber, fuel supply lines and a vaporization device.
Brennstoffet innfores i bunnen av gitterverket 1 i de vertikale brennere 2,3. Brennstoffinnlopene ligger enten på linje med brenneråpningene eller perpendikulært på disses basis. Fordelingen av brennerne sikrer oppnåelsen av en homogen temperatur over hele gitterverket. The fuel is fed into the bottom of the grate 1 in the vertical burners 2,3. The fuel inlets are either in line with the burner openings or perpendicular to their base. The distribution of the burners ensures the achievement of a homogeneous temperature over the entire grating.
Forbrenningsluften innfores ved 4 °S gar forst inn i et kammer 5 som sikrer en fordeling av forbrenningsluften til de for-skjellige brennere. The combustion air is introduced at 4 °S and first enters a chamber 5 which ensures a distribution of the combustion air to the different burners.
Forbrenningsluften kan innfores med samme temperatur som den omgivende luft, eller kan komme fra en rekuperator som gir luften en hoyere temperatur. Denne temperatur er eventuelt bare begrenset av den kalorimengde som gjenvinnes fra forbrenningsgassene, dvs. av driftskarakteristikken til rekuperatoren. The combustion air can be introduced at the same temperature as the surrounding air, or can come from a recuperator that gives the air a higher temperature. This temperature is possibly only limited by the amount of calories recovered from the combustion gases, i.e. by the operating characteristics of the recuperator.
De små brennerne som utgjor gitterverket arbeider med flamme-hastigheter som er slik at den pulveriserte aske som kommer fra slam-forbrenningen ikke kan falle ned i brenneråpningene. Asken sendes opp til toppen hvor den går sammen med forbrenningsgassene og også blandet med damp som kommer ifra slammet. The small burners that make up the grid work with flame speeds that are such that the pulverized ash that comes from the sludge combustion cannot fall into the burner openings. The ash is sent up to the top where it joins the combustion gases and is also mixed with steam coming from the sludge.
Forstovningsinnretningen 6 er av sentrifugalkrafttypen og har en trykkluftsanordning. The atomizing device 6 is of the centrifugal force type and has a compressed air device.
Pulveriseringen utfores slik at det ikke dannes en tåke, men bare foregår en dispergering av slammet, dvs. at slammet omdannes til små dråper. Storrelsen av dråpene, kan innreguleres. Man tilstreber en fullstendig dehydrering for dråpene får kontakt med gitterverket. The pulverization is carried out so that a mist is not formed, but only a dispersion of the sludge takes place, i.e. that the sludge is converted into small droplets. The size of the drops can be regulated. One strives for complete dehydration before the droplets come into contact with the grating.
Dråper som er for små vil hurtig dehydreres og faststoffene Drops that are too small will quickly dehydrate and the solids
i dråpene vil ikke få kontakt med den sonen hvor flammene utvikler seg. Disse faststoffene vil derfor forbrennes' helt. Dråper som er for store vil falle ned på gitterverket og det medforer en risiko for tilstopping. in the droplets will not make contact with the zone where the flames develop. These solids will therefore be completely incinerated. Drops that are too large will fall on the grating and this entails a risk of clogging.
Forstrovningsinnretningen, som er nærmere vist i fig. 2 og The strobing device, which is shown in more detail in fig. 2 and
3, består av to hus. Det forste hus er forsynt med et tangentielt innlop 7 og tilfores slam. Det andre hus er forsynt med et tangentielt innlop 9 eller et perpendikulært innlop 8, og tilfores trykkluft. 3, consists of two houses. The first housing is provided with a tangential inlet 7 and is supplied with sludge. The second housing is provided with a tangential inlet 9 or a perpendicular inlet 8, and is supplied with compressed air.
Huset som mottar slammet har et utlopshull lo, hvis diamter kan varieres i avhengighet av den mengde slam som innfores. Hullet er relativt stort slik at selv slam som inneholder relativt grovt materiale kan gå inn uten at det er nodvendig med en forangående sikting. The house that receives the sludge has an outlet hole, the diameter of which can be varied depending on the amount of sludge introduced. The hole is relatively large so that even sludge containing relatively coarse material can enter without the need for a preliminary screening.
Slammet som kommer ut av det nevnte forste hus, kommer ut i form av et slor som danner en hul konus. Dette er ikke godt nok for en tilfredsstillende fordelingen av slammet over hele gifterverksflaten. The mud that comes out of the aforementioned first house comes out in the form of a slur which forms a hollow cone. This is not good enough for a satisfactory distribution of the sludge over the entire surface of the sewage treatment plant.
I det andre huset er det et utlop 11 for trykkluften. Trykkluften vil således rive istykker sloret og desintegrere det på en slik måte at man oppnår dråper som utfyller konusen og slammet blir derfor dispergert ove..--le overflaten til gitterverket. Storrelsen av dråpene kan reguleres og er avhengig av mengden trykkluft som igjen er avhengig av den slam-mengde som tilfores og av slammets innhold av tort materiale. In the second housing there is an outlet 11 for the compressed air. The compressed air will thus tear the sludge to pieces and disintegrate it in such a way that droplets are obtained that fill the cone and the sludge is therefore dispersed over the surface of the grating. The size of the drops can be regulated and is dependent on the amount of compressed air, which in turn depends on the amount of sludge supplied and on the sludge's content of dry material.
Man regner i praksis med at dråper med en diameter i store 1-sesorden 2mm egner seg for forbrenning i ovnen, fordi slike dråper kan dehydreres for' de når brennerflammene. In practice, it is assumed that droplets with a diameter of the order of 2 mm are suitable for combustion in the furnace, because such droplets can be dehydrated before they reach the burner flames.
I ovnen er det anordnet inspeksjonsåpninger 12 slik at man kan studere gitterverket og regulere forstovningen avhengig av det man kan observere på gitterverkets overflate. Inspection openings 12 have been arranged in the oven so that the grating can be studied and the vaporization regulated depending on what can be observed on the grating's surface.
Forbrenningen av slammet skjer i tre faser, nemlig forst en fordampning av vannet, deretter en forbrenning av organisk materiale og en forbrenning av mineralsk materiale. The combustion of the sludge takes place in three phases, namely first an evaporation of the water, then a combustion of organic material and a combustion of mineral material.
Den forste fase foregår mellom forstovningsinnretningen og toppen av gitterverket, i motstrom til forbrenningsgassene 13 som sirkulerer fra bunnen og opp til toppen av ovnen. Hastigheten i dette avsnitt av ovnen er relativt liten. Det dreier seg her om en hastighet på 2 meter pr. sekund. Dråper som kommer fra forstovningsinnretningen tillates derfor å falle ned til toppen av gitterverket og dehydreres under nedfellingen. The first phase takes place between the atomization device and the top of the grid, in countercurrent to the combustion gases 13 which circulate from the bottom up to the top of the oven. The speed in this section of the furnace is relatively low. This concerns a speed of 2 meters per second. second. Drops coming from the atomization device are therefore allowed to fall to the top of the grating and are dehydrated during the deposition.
Forbrenningen av organiske stoffer i slammet skjer i for-skjellige nivåer i ovnen avhengig av antenningstemperaturen og sammen-setningen til stoffene. Denne forbrenning skjer derfor på■en irregulær måte, og i motstrom med visse organiske stoffer. Det skjer i medstrom med andre organiske stoffer som forbrenner i den del av ovnen som ligger mellom, forstovni ngsinnretningen og toppen av ovnen. The combustion of organic substances in the sludge takes place at different levels in the furnace depending on the ignition temperature and the composition of the substances. This combustion therefore takes place in an irregular manner, and in countercurrent with certain organic substances. It happens in a co-flow with other organic substances that burn in the part of the oven that lies between the condensing device and the top of the oven.
Mineralstoffer, som, etter dehydrering, fortsetter mot gitterverket, går ned i brennerflammene og oppvarmes ganske raskt. De forbrennes og går opp til toppen av ovnen og ut gjennom åpningen 14. Mineral substances, which, after dehydration, continue towards the grating, go down into the burner flames and heat up quite quickly. They are burned and go up to the top of the furnace and out through the opening 14.
Oppfinnelsen kari anvendes i alle tilfeller hvor det er nodvendig å behandle restslam med et hoyt væskeinnhold °S tillater bl.a. en forbrenning av heterogene slam som inneholder grove partikler. The invention kari is used in all cases where it is necessary to treat residual sludge with a high liquid content °S allows i.a. a combustion of heterogeneous sludges containing coarse particles.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7202807A FR2168956B1 (en) | 1972-01-27 | 1972-01-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO134474B true NO134474B (en) | 1976-07-05 |
NO134474C NO134474C (en) | 1976-10-13 |
Family
ID=9092571
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO411172A NO134474C (en) | 1972-01-27 | 1972-11-13 |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5017789B2 (en) |
BE (1) | BE790854A (en) |
CA (1) | CA971040A (en) |
CS (1) | CS185208B2 (en) |
DD (1) | DD101742A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2300749C3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES407992A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2168956B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1373022A (en) |
IT (1) | IT975290B (en) |
NO (1) | NO134474C (en) |
PL (1) | PL82171B1 (en) |
RO (1) | RO71651A (en) |
SE (1) | SE383916B (en) |
YU (1) | YU309972A (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5260797U (en) * | 1975-10-31 | 1977-05-04 | ||
FR2404804A1 (en) * | 1977-09-29 | 1979-04-27 | Elf Aquitaine | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR SLUDGE INCINERATION |
FR2431321A1 (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-02-15 | Rhone Poulenc Ind | PROCESS FOR THE TREATMENT OF SUBSTANCES HAVING DIFFERENT PHASES, SUCH AS TREATMENT OF SUBSTANCES IN LIQUID, SEMI-LIQUID, OR PASTE FORM, WITH ANOTHER NOTABLY GASEOUS PHASE |
HU179510B (en) * | 1978-10-04 | 1982-10-28 | Magyar Asvanyolaj Es Foeldgaz | Process for the thermic transformation of wastes in gaseous or liquid phase |
JPS55106015A (en) * | 1979-02-05 | 1980-08-14 | Hitachi Cable | Insulation reinforcing unit of plastic insulated power cable and method of forming same |
FR2531184B1 (en) * | 1982-07-30 | 1988-04-15 | Henry Eugene | HOUSEHOLD WASTE AND URBAN SLUDGE INCINERATOR |
GB2133301B (en) * | 1983-01-11 | 1986-07-30 | Dietrich David E | Swirl mixing device |
FR2539489B2 (en) * | 1983-01-17 | 1988-10-14 | Henry Eugene | HOUSEHOLD GARBAGE INCINATOR AND URBAN SLUDGE |
US4614490A (en) * | 1985-04-01 | 1986-09-30 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | Method and apparatus for atomizing fuel |
JPH0314925U (en) * | 1989-06-26 | 1991-02-14 | ||
BE1008206A3 (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 1996-02-13 | Heurbel S A | Improvements on the burner oxy-fuel type. |
CN109751610A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-05-14 | 威士邦(厦门)环境科技有限公司 | A kind of the harmlessness disposing system and its waste water treatment process of difficult organic wastewater |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE554260C (en) * | 1932-07-04 | Werschen Weissenfelser Braunko | Process for the disposal of aqueous waste and sludge | |
FR1448898A (en) * | 1965-06-16 | 1966-08-12 | Charbonnages De France | Improved process for the thermal treatment of partially combustible products in the form of or packaged in the form of sludge and device implementing said process |
US3362360A (en) * | 1966-12-05 | 1968-01-09 | Broadway Res And Dev Corp | Method and apparatus for incinerating waste material |
US3611954A (en) * | 1970-05-08 | 1971-10-12 | Du Pont | Oxidative waste disposal |
-
0
- BE BE790854D patent/BE790854A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1972
- 1972-01-27 FR FR7202807A patent/FR2168956B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-10-18 IT IT7027772A patent/IT975290B/en active
- 1972-10-26 ES ES407992A patent/ES407992A1/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-10 CA CA156,271A patent/CA971040A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-11-13 NO NO411172A patent/NO134474C/no unknown
- 1972-11-15 GB GB5270072A patent/GB1373022A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-12-11 JP JP12424072A patent/JPS5017789B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1972-12-13 YU YU309972A patent/YU309972A/en unknown
- 1972-12-23 RO RO7273279A patent/RO71651A/en unknown
- 1972-12-29 PL PL15994572A patent/PL82171B1/pl unknown
-
1973
- 1973-01-08 DE DE19732300749 patent/DE2300749C3/en not_active Expired
- 1973-01-26 SE SE7301133A patent/SE383916B/en unknown
- 1973-01-26 DD DD16846273A patent/DD101742A5/xx unknown
- 1973-01-26 CS CS64373A patent/CS185208B2/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1373022A (en) | 1974-11-06 |
DE2300749A1 (en) | 1973-08-02 |
DE2300749B2 (en) | 1980-03-13 |
DD101742A5 (en) | 1973-11-12 |
SE383916B (en) | 1976-04-05 |
RO71651A (en) | 1981-06-26 |
ES407992A1 (en) | 1975-10-16 |
JPS5017789B2 (en) | 1975-06-24 |
DE2300749C3 (en) | 1982-02-04 |
FR2168956A1 (en) | 1973-09-07 |
NO134474C (en) | 1976-10-13 |
YU309972A (en) | 1980-04-30 |
PL82171B1 (en) | 1975-10-31 |
CS185208B2 (en) | 1978-09-15 |
BE790854A (en) | 1973-02-15 |
CA971040A (en) | 1975-07-15 |
IT975290B (en) | 1974-07-20 |
FR2168956B1 (en) | 1977-07-15 |
JPS4886384A (en) | 1973-11-14 |
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