NO133718B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO133718B NO133718B NO499/73A NO49973A NO133718B NO 133718 B NO133718 B NO 133718B NO 499/73 A NO499/73 A NO 499/73A NO 49973 A NO49973 A NO 49973A NO 133718 B NO133718 B NO 133718B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- bismuth
- aluminum
- reaction zone
- alloy
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 46
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011872 intimate mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- LEHUDBPYSAPFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;bismuth Chemical compound [AlH3].[Bi] LEHUDBPYSAPFFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 6
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009626 Hall-Héroult process Methods 0.000 description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium sulfide (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[S-2] GRVFOGOEDUUMBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 229910052979 sodium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 A^O^ Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004131 Bayer process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001152 Bi alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynemethyl(alumanylidynemethylalumanylidenemethylidene)alumane Chemical compound [Al]#C[Al]=C=[Al]C#[Al] CAVCGVPGBKGDTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001640 fractional crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004436 sodium atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/02—Obtaining aluminium with reducing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0053—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from other aluminium compounds
- C22B21/0061—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from other aluminium compounds using metals, e.g. Hg or Mn
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB590172A GB1366808A (en) | 1972-02-08 | 1972-02-08 | Direct reduction process for production of aluminium |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO133718B true NO133718B (sv) | 1976-03-08 |
| NO133718C NO133718C (sv) | 1976-06-16 |
Family
ID=9804754
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO499/73A NO133718C (sv) | 1972-02-08 | 1973-02-07 |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3836357A (sv) |
| JP (1) | JPS531729B2 (sv) |
| AU (1) | AU476496B2 (sv) |
| BR (1) | BR7300926D0 (sv) |
| CA (1) | CA968164A (sv) |
| CH (1) | CH575470A5 (sv) |
| DE (1) | DE2305924C3 (sv) |
| FR (1) | FR2171169B1 (sv) |
| GB (1) | GB1366808A (sv) |
| IT (1) | IT978647B (sv) |
| NO (1) | NO133718C (sv) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS591777B2 (ja) * | 1980-04-22 | 1984-01-13 | 三井アルミニウム工業株式会社 | アルミニウムの還元製錬法 |
| JPS63112922U (sv) * | 1987-01-17 | 1988-07-20 | ||
| JPH0549434U (ja) * | 1991-12-17 | 1993-06-29 | 山川工業株式会社 | 自動車用ドアガードビーム |
| US9039805B2 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2015-05-26 | John Joseph Barsa | Method and apparatus for high temperature production of metals |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2198673A (en) * | 1938-07-11 | 1940-04-30 | Israel Jacob Foundaminsky | Process for the manufacture of aluminum |
| US3234008A (en) * | 1962-05-04 | 1966-02-08 | Arthur F Johnson | Aluminum production |
-
1972
- 1972-02-08 GB GB590172A patent/GB1366808A/en not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-01-31 IT IT19826/73A patent/IT978647B/it active
- 1973-02-01 US US00328747A patent/US3836357A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1973-02-02 AU AU51711/73A patent/AU476496B2/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-06 FR FR7304095A patent/FR2171169B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-02-07 BR BR73926A patent/BR7300926D0/pt unknown
- 1973-02-07 NO NO499/73A patent/NO133718C/no unknown
- 1973-02-07 CA CA163,131A patent/CA968164A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-07 DE DE2305924A patent/DE2305924C3/de not_active Expired
- 1973-02-08 JP JP1524073A patent/JPS531729B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-02-08 CH CH183573A patent/CH575470A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA968164A (en) | 1975-05-27 |
| US3836357A (en) | 1974-09-17 |
| DE2305924B2 (de) | 1974-09-05 |
| FR2171169B1 (sv) | 1977-08-19 |
| JPS531729B2 (sv) | 1978-01-21 |
| GB1366808A (en) | 1974-09-11 |
| CH575470A5 (sv) | 1976-05-14 |
| FR2171169A1 (sv) | 1973-09-21 |
| AU476496B2 (en) | 1976-09-23 |
| DE2305924A1 (de) | 1973-09-06 |
| AU5171173A (en) | 1974-08-08 |
| IT978647B (it) | 1974-09-20 |
| NO133718C (sv) | 1976-06-16 |
| DE2305924C3 (de) | 1975-04-24 |
| JPS4889110A (sv) | 1973-11-21 |
| BR7300926D0 (pt) | 1973-09-13 |
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