NO133227B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO133227B NO133227B NO390073A NO390073A NO133227B NO 133227 B NO133227 B NO 133227B NO 390073 A NO390073 A NO 390073A NO 390073 A NO390073 A NO 390073A NO 133227 B NO133227 B NO 133227B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- gas
- mixture
- temperature
- ceramizable
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006121 base glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004484 Briquette Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005500 nucleating phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C11/00—Multi-cellular glass ; Porous or hollow glass or glass particles
- C03C11/007—Foam glass, e.g. obtained by incorporating a blowing agent and heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/08—Other methods of shaping glass by foaming
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Porous Artificial Stone Or Porous Ceramic Products (AREA)
Description
Den foreliggende oppfinnelsen angår produksjonen av skumglass og spesielt krystalinskjkjeramisert skumglass. Man vet at skumglassene oppnås ved påvirkning av et gassgenererende middel som er fordelt i glassmassen i pulverform, hvor denne blanding er varmet opp til en temperatur ved hvilken glassets viskositet er tilstrekkelig lav til at den utviklede gass produserer en stor mengde små bobler, som etter at glasset har stivnet utgjør skumglassets porer. The present invention relates to the production of foam glass and in particular crystalline ceramicized foam glass. It is known that the foam glasses are obtained by the action of a gas-generating agent which is distributed in the glass mass in powder form, where this mixture is heated to a temperature at which the viscosity of the glass is sufficiently low that the developed gas produces a large amount of small bubbles, which after the glass has solidified forming the pores of the foam glass.
De gassgenererende midler som vanligvis benyttes er bare brukbare under 850°C og passer altså ikke for glass med høy viskositet. The gas-generating agents that are usually used are only usable below 850°C and are therefore not suitable for glass with a high viscosity.
Fra alement tilgjengelig norsk søknad nr. 2770/73 er det kjent skumdannende midler for vitrøse•materialer og kjeramiske stoffer i form av en blanding bestående av et oksy-dasjonsmiddel og et reduksjonsmiddel. Her er det som reduksjonsmiddel foreslått silisiumkarbid mens det som oksydasjons-middel er foreslått Mn02, NaNO^ eller KMnO^. From publicly available Norwegian application no. 2770/73, foaming agents for vitreous materials and ceramic substances are known in the form of a mixture consisting of an oxidizing agent and a reducing agent. Here silicon carbide is proposed as reducing agent, while MnO2, NaNO^ or KMnO^ is proposed as oxidizing agent.
I det amerikanske patent nr. 3.174.870 er det fore-- slått et gassdannende middel i form av en blanding av SiC og Na2SOj4. In US patent no. 3,174,870, a gas-forming agent is proposed in the form of a mixture of SiC and Na 2 SO 4 .
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår bruken av et nytt-gassgenererende middel, hvis brukstemperatur er i størrel-sesorden 1050°C og som altså kan benyttes i de tilfeller hvor glasset er meget viskøst (dvs. at dets viskositet befinner seg mellom 10 6 og 10 1 poise (P) for temperaturer på mellom 950 og 1100°C) eller forøvrig i tilfeller hvor man av andre grunner ønsker å oppnå skumvirkningen i dette høyere temperaturområdet. Det er tilfellet spesielt der glasset har en sammensetning som gjør det kjeramiserbart, slik som f.eks. beskrevet i det franske patent nr. 2.044.288, for hvilken det er viktig å unngå en for tidlig krystallisering for å arbeide over den øvre temperatur som gjør glasset ugjennomsiktig. The present invention relates to the use of a new gas-generating agent, whose operating temperature is in the order of magnitude 1050°C and which can therefore be used in cases where the glass is very viscous (ie its viscosity is between 10 6 and 10 1 poise (P) for temperatures of between 950 and 1100°C) or otherwise in cases where, for other reasons, you want to achieve the foam effect in this higher temperature range. This is especially the case where the glass has a composition that makes it ceramizable, such as e.g. described in the French patent No. 2,044,288, for which it is important to avoid a premature crystallization in order to work above the upper temperature which makes the glass opaque.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår således en fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av kjeramisert, krystalinsk skumglass, og oppfinnelsen erkarakterisert vedat man som gassdannende middel til kjeramiserbart basisglass setter en blanding av tinnoksyd og silisiumkarbid, fulgt av en oppvarming av blandingen til en temperatur mellom 950 og 1100°C. The present invention thus relates to a method for producing ceramized, crystalline foam glass, and the invention is characterized by adding a mixture of tin oxide and silicon carbide as a gas-forming agent to ceramizable base glass, followed by heating the mixture to a temperature between 950 and 1100°C.
I prinsippet skal denne blanding etableres molekyl for molekyl (1 mol Sn02for 1 mol SiC), men et lett overskudd av SiC, som er det reduserende middel er vanligvis ønskelig. In principle, this mixture should be established molecule by molecule (1 mol Sn02 for 1 mol SiC), but a slight excess of SiC, which is the reducing agent, is usually desirable.
Kornstrørrelsesfordelingen kan variere i temmelig stor målestokk, men man bruker fortrinnsvis kornstørrelse på noen mikrometer. The grain size distribution can vary on a fairly large scale, but grain sizes of a few micrometres are preferably used.
Virkningen av dette gassgenererende middel er basert på det faktum at ved en temperatur i størrelsesorden 1050°C oppstår det en reduksjon av Sn02ved SiC med frigjøring av C02. The effect of this gas-generating agent is based on the fact that at a temperature of the order of 1050°C, a reduction of Sn02 by SiC occurs with the release of C02.
Forholdet mellom den gassgenererende blanding som skal tilsettes og basisglasset er på noen prosent. For glass ifølge fransk patent nr. 2.044.288 er vektforholdet på 2%. I virkeligheten eksisterer det et maksimumskvantum som ikke bør overskrides da den vil resultere i en forringet kvalitet på grunn av en for stor frigjøring av gass. The ratio between the gas-generating mixture to be added and the base glass is a few percent. For glass according to French patent no. 2,044,288, the weight ratio is 2%. In reality, there exists a maximum quantity which should not be exceeded as it will result in a degraded quality due to an excessive release of gas.
Det følgende ikke begrensende eksempel viser mer i detalj en utførelse av prosessen ifølge oppfinnelsen. The following non-limiting example shows in more detail an embodiment of the process according to the invention.
Basisglasset er sammensatt på følgende måte (i vekt-55) : The base glass is composed as follows (in weight-55):
Glasset knuses og siktes med en kornstørrelsesfor-deling slik at alt pulveret passerer gjennom en sikt på 125 ym. The glass is crushed and sieved with a grain size distribution so that all the powder passes through a sieve of 125 um.
Man tilfører til dette pulver 1,5 vekt-% av gassgenererende blanding ( 0, 5% SiC + 1% Sn02). I virkeligheten til svarer 1 mol SiC + 1 mol Sn020,32$ SiC + 1,18 Sn02(man til-setter altså et overskudd av reduserende middel). 1.5% by weight of gas-generating mixture (0.5% SiC + 1% Sn02) is added to this powder. In reality, 1 mol SiC + 1 mol SnO 2 O corresponds to 32$ SiC + 1.18 SnO 2 (in other words, an excess of reducing agent is added).
Man blander godt og presser tørt under et trykk på Mix well and press dry under pressure
50 bar med form av en brikett. 50 bar in the shape of a briquette.
Briketten føres inn i en form av rustfritt stål, hvis tverrmål er noe større enn de tilsvarende for briketten og hvis høyde er ca. 2,5 ganger så stor som brikettens høyde for å-begrense utvidelsen til den gunstigst mulige. Et deksel festes godt til toppen av formen. The briquette is fed into a stainless steel form, whose transverse dimensions are somewhat larger than the corresponding ones for the briquette and whose height is approx. 2.5 times as large as the height of the briquette to limit the expansion to the most favorable possible. A cover is securely attached to the top of the mold.
Denne form er utformet som rektangulære plater med ribber 4 mm tykke som er sammenholdt av styrebolter og som etter at de er montert definerer et indre volum på 22 x 11 x 6 cm. De indre vegger dekkes over mediet middel (engobe) på aluminiumbasis for å lette uttagningen av stykket av formen etter skummingen, slik som det vanligvis praktiseres i denne type operasjon. This form is designed as rectangular plates with ribs 4 mm thick which are held together by guide bolts and which, after they are fitted, define an internal volume of 22 x 11 x 6 cm. The inner walls are covered with aluminum-based engobe to facilitate the removal of the piece from the mold after foaming, as is usually practiced in this type of operation.
Formen føres inn i en ovn og oppvarmes til 1050°C The mold is fed into an oven and heated to 1050°C
i 30 minutter. for 30 minutes.
Man trekker formen ut og overfører den til en ovn for langsom nedkjøling fra 700°C til 500°C med hastighenten 2°C pr. minutt. Deretter kan produktet trekkes ut av ovnen. The mold is pulled out and transferred to an oven for slow cooling from 700°C to 500°C at a rate of 2°C per minute. The product can then be pulled out of the oven.
Produktet kan deretter underkastes en kjeramiser-ende behnandling, slik som det er beskrevet i det franske patent nr. 2.044.288. The product can then be subjected to a ceramizing treatment, as described in French patent no. 2,044,288.
Det oppnådde produkt erkarakterisert veden porø-sitet som er dannet ved de lukkede celler med en massetetthet på 0,50 kg/dm^, og som har en bruddstyrke ved trykk på over 100 bar. The product obtained is characterized by the wood porosity which is formed by the closed cells with a mass density of 0.50 kg/dm^, and which has a breaking strength at a pressure of over 100 bar.
I en variant av prosessen kan man senke temperaturen på skummet til ca. 980°C, idet man tilfører blandingen av glass og gassgenererende middel en liten mengde CO^Na^i et forhold som kan være i størrelsesorden 2 vekt-#. Denne senkningen av temperaturen på skummet er fordelaktig ikke bare for den termiske balanse av operasjonen, men også for en bedre bevaring av formene. In a variant of the process, the temperature of the foam can be lowered to approx. 980°C, adding to the mixture of glass and gas-generating agent a small amount of CO^Na^ in a ratio which may be of the order of 2 wt-#. This lowering of the temperature of the foam is beneficial not only for the thermal balance of the operation, but also for a better preservation of the molds.
Varigheten av skumprosessen tilsvarer i grunnen den maksimale utvidelsestid. Man kan bestemme denne ekseperimentelt, enten visulet eller ved hjelp av en sonde i en form uten lokk. The duration of the foaming process basically corresponds to the maximum expansion time. This can be determined experimentally, either visually or using a probe in a mold without a lid.
Produktene ifølge oppfinnelsen som er basert på kjeramiserbart glass representerer en trykkbruddstyrke som er The products according to the invention which are based on ceramizable glass represent a compressive fracture strength which is
meget høyere enn tilsvarende for skumglass som ikke er krystal- much higher than the equivalent for foam glass that is not crystalline
lisert, noe som åpner atskillige anvendelsesmuligheter i slike områder som bygningsvirksomhet. lized, which opens up numerous application possibilities in areas such as construction.
Kombinasjonen av denne prosess med vitrokjeramiske sammensetninger som representerer mer enn 5% fluor som kjerne dannende middel, representerer fordelen å kunne utføre krystal- The combination of this process with vitroceramic compositions representing more than 5% fluorine as a nucleating agent represents the advantage of being able to perform crystal-
liseringen direkte etter skumming fordi disse glassblandinger har en kjernedannende fase som er lite krevende med hensyn til termisk behandling. the lysis directly after foaming because these glass mixtures have a nucleating phase that is not demanding in terms of thermal treatment.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7235649A FR2202046B1 (en) | 1972-10-09 | 1972-10-09 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO133227B true NO133227B (en) | 1975-12-22 |
NO133227C NO133227C (en) | 1976-03-31 |
Family
ID=9105342
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO390073A NO133227C (en) | 1972-10-09 | 1973-10-08 |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS4973409A (en) |
BE (1) | BE805788A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7307805D0 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2350623A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK138684B (en) |
ES (1) | ES419424A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2202046B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1427824A (en) |
IT (1) | IT999628B (en) |
LU (1) | LU68571A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL7313785A (en) |
NO (1) | NO133227C (en) |
SE (1) | SE388600B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59141433A (en) * | 1982-11-25 | 1984-08-14 | Inax Corp | Production of light-weight ceramic building material |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE409646A (en) * | 1934-05-28 |
-
1972
- 1972-10-09 FR FR7235649A patent/FR2202046B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-10-08 NL NL7313785A patent/NL7313785A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1973-10-08 IT IT6996273A patent/IT999628B/en active
- 1973-10-08 GB GB4693473A patent/GB1427824A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-08 LU LU68571D patent/LU68571A1/xx unknown
- 1973-10-08 ES ES419424A patent/ES419424A1/en not_active Expired
- 1973-10-08 DK DK545573A patent/DK138684B/en unknown
- 1973-10-08 NO NO390073A patent/NO133227C/no unknown
- 1973-10-08 BR BR780573A patent/BR7307805D0/en unknown
- 1973-10-08 SE SE7313673A patent/SE388600B/en unknown
- 1973-10-08 BE BE136445A patent/BE805788A/en unknown
- 1973-10-09 JP JP11289573A patent/JPS4973409A/ja active Pending
- 1973-10-09 DE DE19732350623 patent/DE2350623A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL7313785A (en) | 1974-04-11 |
ES419424A1 (en) | 1976-04-01 |
DK138684B (en) | 1978-10-16 |
BE805788A (en) | 1974-04-08 |
IT999628B (en) | 1976-03-10 |
FR2202046B1 (en) | 1976-10-29 |
JPS4973409A (en) | 1974-07-16 |
DK138684C (en) | 1979-03-26 |
DE2350623A1 (en) | 1974-04-25 |
BR7307805D0 (en) | 1974-09-05 |
SE388600B (en) | 1976-10-11 |
LU68571A1 (en) | 1974-05-09 |
NO133227C (en) | 1976-03-31 |
FR2202046A1 (en) | 1974-05-03 |
GB1427824A (en) | 1976-03-10 |
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