NO130880B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO130880B NO130880B NO01093/71A NO109371A NO130880B NO 130880 B NO130880 B NO 130880B NO 01093/71 A NO01093/71 A NO 01093/71A NO 109371 A NO109371 A NO 109371A NO 130880 B NO130880 B NO 130880B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- tube
- condensation
- formaldehyde
- polyester
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004641 Diallyl-phthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) benzene-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC=C QUDWYFHPNIMBFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- -1 methylol compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003585 thioureas Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960003328 benzoyl peroxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol Natural products OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QQOWHRYOXYEMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazin-4-amine Chemical class N=C1C=CN=NN1 QQOWHRYOXYEMTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FVFJGQJXAWCHIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(bromomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CBr)C=C1 FVFJGQJXAWCHIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
- F28F1/32—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means having portions engaging further tubular elements
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
Framgangsmåte ved framstilling av herdeplast av aminoforbindelser og formaldehyd. Procedure for the production of thermosetting plastics from amino compounds and formaldehyde.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en The present invention relates to a
framgangsmåte for framstilling av i varmen herdbare kondenseringsprodukter, ek-sempelvis sådanne som fås ved konsense-ring i varmen av formaldehyd med urinstoffer, tiourinstoffer eller aminotriazinforbindelser hver for seg eller i blanding eller process for the production of heat-curable condensation products, for example those obtained by condensation in the heat of formaldehyde with ureas, thioureas or aminotriazine compounds individually or in a mixture or
ved kondensering av metylolforbindelser av by condensation of methylol compounds of
disse stoffer. Formålet for oppfinnelsen er these substances. The purpose of the invention is
å gi slike kondenseringsprodukter en for-bedret flytbarhet. to give such condensation products an improved fluidity.
Vanlige kjente plastiseringsmidler som Commonly known plasticizers such as
dibutylftalat, trikresylfosfat og dibutylse-bacat medfører visstnok en øking av flyt-barheten, men de er beheftet med den Dibutyl phthalate, tricresyl phosphate and dibutyl sebacate supposedly lead to an increase in fluidity, but they are affected by it
ulempe at de svetter ut på overflaten, og disadvantage is that they sweat on the surface, and
gir pressgods som er framstilt på kjent provides press goods that are produced on known
måte av ovennevnte plast, en fettet over-flate. manner of the above-mentioned plastic, a greased surface.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse går ut på en The present invention is based on a
framgangsmåte hvor der oppnås en bedre procedure where a better is achieved
plastisitet og flytbarhet med unngåelse av plasticity and fluidity with avoidance of
«utsvettingen» av plastiseringsmidlet. Det the "sweating" of the plasticizer. The
har nemlig vist seg at plast av polyestertypen som inneholder en eller flere umet-tede i seg selv polymeriserbare, organiske namely, it has been shown that plastics of the polyester type containing one or more unsaturated, inherently polymerisable, organic
radikaler, enten i alkoholgruppen eller sy-regruppen øker plastisiteten uten å svet-te ut. radicals, either in the alcohol group or the acid group, increase plasticity without sweating.
Når oppfinnelsen anvendes i forbin-delse med pressmasser framstilt på kjent When the invention is used in connection with pressing compounds produced in a known manner
måte ved kondensering i varmen av formaldehyd med urinstoffer, tiourinstoffer way by condensation in the heat of formaldehyde with ureas, thioureas
eller aminotriazinforbindelser hver for seg or aminotriazine compounds separately
eller i blanding eller ved kondensering av or in mixture or by condensation of
metylolforbindelser av disse stoffer, kan methylol compounds of these substances, can
polyesterplasten tilsettes enten ved maling The polyester plastic is added either when painting
i en kulekvern, eller ved plastens innknadning i fyllmidlet, enten i en knadningsinn- in a ball mill, or by kneading the plastic into the filler, either in a kneading
retning av vanlig type eller på et valseverk. direction of the usual type or on a rolling mill.
Når oppfinnelsen anvendes med ren plast, erholdt på kjent måte ved kondensering i varmen av formaldehyd med urinstoffer, tiourinstoffer eller aminotriazinforbindelser hver for seg eller i blanding eller med metylolforbindelser av disse stoffer, løses vedkommende plast i vann og polyesterplasten løses i et med vann blandbart oppløsningsmiddel, som f. eks. sprit, aceton eller liknende, hvoretter der tilsettes en vanlig emulgator og polyesteren emulgeres i plastoppløsningen. When the invention is used with pure plastic, obtained in a known manner by condensation in the heat of formaldehyde with ureas, thioureas or aminotriazine compounds individually or in a mixture or with methylol compounds of these substances, the relevant plastic is dissolved in water and the polyester plastic is dissolved in a water-miscible solvent , like for example. alcohol, acetone or the like, after which a common emulsifier is added and the polyester is emulsified in the plastic solution.
Esterne kan befinne seg i monomert tilstand eller bestå av forpolymerisat opp-løst i monomeret eller bare være forpoly-meriserte og oppløste i et eller annet opp-løsningsmiddel. The esters can be in a monomeric state or consist of prepolymer dissolved in the monomer or simply be prepolymerized and dissolved in some solvent.
Som herdningsmidler anvendes vanlige kjente polymeriseringskatalysatorer som f. eks. benzoylsuperoxid, tertierbutyl-perbenzoat, laurylsuperoksyd og andre. Common known polymerization catalysts such as e.g. benzoyl superoxide, tert-butyl perbenzoate, lauryl superoxide and others.
Polyesteren herdes visstnok langsom-mere enn kondenseringsplastene, men vil dog ved hjelp av varme og trykk polymeri-sere så lenge at noen etterfølgende utsvetting av den ikke forekommer. Som følge av den gjenværende varme i plasten ut-herdes polyesteren etter noen tids forløp. Mengden av plastene av polyestertypen som det er nødvendig å tilsette kan gå opp til omkring 10 pst. Ved små tilsetninger av polyestere, f. eks. ved 0,1—0,5 pst.,- gjen-står ennå den virkning at man kan presse et større antall artikler i samme press-verktøy enn med pressmasser uten denne tilsetning, uten at man merker noen ulem-per selv om verktøyet skulle bli slitt. Som monomere av estertypen kan anvendes diallylftalat, diglykolmaleat, samt forskjel-lige plast av polystyroltypen og andre. The polyester apparently hardens more slowly than the condensation plastics, but will, with the help of heat and pressure, polymerize for such a long time that no subsequent sweating of it occurs. As a result of the residual heat in the plastic, the polyester hardens after some time. The amount of polyester-type plastics that need to be added can go up to around 10 percent. With small additions of polyesters, e.g. at 0.1-0.5 per cent, there is still the effect that you can press a larger number of articles in the same pressing tool than with pressing compounds without this addition, without noticing any disadvantages even if the tool were to get worn out. As monomers of the ester type, diallyl phthalate, diglycol maleate, as well as various plastics of the polystyrene type and others can be used.
Eksempel 1: I en kulemølle chargeres en formalet blanding av med melaminformaldehydplast impregnert cellulose med fargestoffer, smøremiddel og 1 pst. diallylftalat, hvori er oppløst 1 pst. benzoylsuperoksyd. Ved pressing av pulveret i former fås en meget god flyting og kunne ikke iakttas noen utsvetting. Example 1: In a ball mill, a formal mixture of cellulose impregnated with melamine formaldehyde plastic is charged with dyes, lubricant and 1 percent diallyl phthalate, in which 1 percent benzoyl superoxide is dissolved. When pressing the powder into molds, a very good flow is obtained and no sweating could be observed.
Eksempel 2: i I en knadeinnretning blandes en vannoppløsning av kondenseringsprodukter av karbamid, tiourinstoffer og formaldehyd samt et fyllmiddel av kjent type som cellulose eller tremel, og 3 pst. diallylftalat, beregnet på det tørkede produkt. Etter at blandingen er tørket og malt, fås et presspulver som ved pressing til pressgods ga en 30 pst. høyere flytbarhet sam-menliknet med et presspulver framstilt uten diallylftalat. Example 2: i In a kneading device, a water solution of condensation products of carbamide, thioureas and formaldehyde is mixed together with a filler of a known type such as cellulose or wood flour, and 3 percent diallyl phthalate, calculated on the dried product. After the mixture has been dried and ground, a pressed powder is obtained which, when pressed into pressed goods, gave a 30 percent higher flowability compared to a pressed powder produced without diallyl phthalate.
Eksempel 3: Til 100 deler av en 50 pst.'s vannopp-løsning av melaminformaldehydplast tilsettes 40 deler av en 30 pst.'s alkoholopp-løsning av diallylftalat og en del ammo-niumoleat som emulgator, hvoretter blandingen omrøres hurtig slik at der fås en emulsjon. Laminatpapir ble impregnert med emulsjonen og der ble framstilt et la-minat. På grunn av plastens økede flytbarhet kunne der anvendes 50 pst. lavere trykk. Example 3: To 100 parts of a 50% water solution of melamine formaldehyde plastic, 40 parts of a 30% alcohol solution of diallyl phthalate and one part ammonium oleate as an emulsifier are added, after which the mixture is stirred rapidly so that an emulsion. Laminate paper was impregnated with the emulsion and a laminate was produced there. Due to the plastic's increased fluidity, a 50 percent lower pressure could be used.
Eksempel 4: I en blandingsmaskin tilsettes 100 deler sagspon, 17 deler av en 50 pst. vannopp-løsning av karbamid-formaldehydplast og 5 deler diglykolmaleat tilsatt med 1 pst. benzoylsuperoxid. Massen ble presset til plater ved et trykk av 10 kg/cm2 og 140° C, hvorved man fikk en plate med bedre hold-fasthet og mindre vannabsorpsjon sam-menliknet med plater som ble framstilt uten diglykolmaleat. Example 4: In a mixing machine, 100 parts of sawdust, 17 parts of a 50% water solution of carbamide-formaldehyde plastic and 5 parts of diglycol maleate added with 1% benzoyl superoxide are added. The pulp was pressed into sheets at a pressure of 10 kg/cm 2 and 140° C, whereby a sheet with better holding strength and less water absorption was obtained compared to sheets which were produced without diglycol maleate.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19702013808 DE2013808B2 (en) | 1970-03-23 | 1970-03-23 | FORCED FLOW EVAPORATOR OF A COMPRESSION COOLING SYSTEM |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO130880B true NO130880B (en) | 1974-11-18 |
| NO130880C NO130880C (en) | 1975-02-26 |
Family
ID=5765969
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO1093/71A NO130880C (en) | 1970-03-23 | 1971-03-22 |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3740967A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT310206B (en) |
| CH (1) | CH521559A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2013808B2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2084926A5 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1277554A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7103754A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO130880C (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4291751A (en) * | 1979-08-16 | 1981-09-29 | Wolf Bernard A | Thermal inverter |
| FR2500141A1 (en) * | 1981-02-19 | 1982-08-20 | Cordier Francoise | Heat exchanger for atmos. air and liq. - is aligned to absorb max. solar heat, used esp. in heat pump circuit for central heating etc. |
| US5040380A (en) * | 1988-08-04 | 1991-08-20 | Super S.E.E.R. Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for the sensing of refrigerant temperatures and the control of refrigerant loading |
| US6354002B1 (en) | 1997-06-30 | 2002-03-12 | Solid State Cooling Systems | Method of making a thick, low cost liquid heat transfer plate with vertically aligned fluid channels |
| US6032726A (en) * | 1997-06-30 | 2000-03-07 | Solid State Cooling Systems | Low-cost liquid heat transfer plate and method of manufacturing therefor |
| WO2001002108A1 (en) | 1999-07-06 | 2001-01-11 | Semitool, Inc. | Fluid heating system for processing semiconductor materials |
| US6536450B1 (en) * | 1999-07-07 | 2003-03-25 | Semitool, Inc. | Fluid heating system for processing semiconductor materials |
| BRPI0519907A2 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2009-09-08 | Carrier Corp | parallel flow heat exchanger |
| JP2007127318A (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2007-05-24 | Nippon Thermostat Co Ltd | Water heater |
| GB2539670A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2016-12-28 | Edwards Ltd | Device and method for controlling a phase transition of a fluid between liquid and vapour states |
-
1970
- 1970-03-23 DE DE19702013808 patent/DE2013808B2/en active Pending
-
1971
- 1971-03-09 AT AT204071A patent/AT310206B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-03-17 CH CH392571A patent/CH521559A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-03-19 NL NL7103754A patent/NL7103754A/xx unknown
- 1971-03-19 FR FR7109812A patent/FR2084926A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-03-22 NO NO1093/71A patent/NO130880C/no unknown
- 1971-04-07 US US00131913A patent/US3740967A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1971-04-19 GB GB24881/71A patent/GB1277554A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL7103754A (en) | 1971-09-27 |
| CH521559A (en) | 1972-04-15 |
| FR2084926A5 (en) | 1971-12-17 |
| NO130880C (en) | 1975-02-26 |
| AT310206B (en) | 1973-09-25 |
| US3740967A (en) | 1973-06-26 |
| DE2013808A1 (en) | 1971-10-07 |
| GB1277554A (en) | 1972-06-14 |
| DE2013808B2 (en) | 1976-04-08 |
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