NO129828B - - Google Patents
Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO129828B NO129828B NO03062/72A NO306272A NO129828B NO 129828 B NO129828 B NO 129828B NO 03062/72 A NO03062/72 A NO 03062/72A NO 306272 A NO306272 A NO 306272A NO 129828 B NO129828 B NO 129828B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- smoke
- parts
- mixture
- substance
- nicotine
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerol Natural products OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims description 29
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 glycerol ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 37
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 37
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 19
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 14
- GEHMBYLTCISYNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium sulfamate Chemical compound [NH4+].NS([O-])(=O)=O GEHMBYLTCISYNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 11
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-N-methylprop-2-en-1-amine Chemical compound CN(CCC1=CNC2=C1C=CC=C2)CC=C GXCLVBGFBYZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetin Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(OC(C)=O)COC(C)=O URAYPUMNDPQOKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012258 stirred mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 2
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013773 glyceryl triacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 2
- FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocaproic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(O)=O FGKJLKRYENPLQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002622 triacetin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002201 Oxidized cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LKDRXBCSQODPBY-ZXXMMSQZSA-N alpha-D-fructopyranose Chemical compound OC[C@]1(O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O LKDRXBCSQODPBY-ZXXMMSQZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003421 catalytic decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019506 cigar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003136 n-heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940107304 oxidized cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004509 smoke generator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
Description
Røkeblanding omfattende et røkfrembringende Smoke mixture comprising a smoke generator
substrat forsterket med nikotin. substrate reinforced with nicotine.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår røkeblandinger forster- The present invention relates to smoke mixtures fortifying
ket med nikotin. ket with nicotine.
Røken som dannes ved røking av blandinger forsterket The smoke produced by smoking mixtures enhanced
med nikotin, spesielt ved sigarettrøking, er uakseptabelt irriterende. For å skjelne denne type irritasjon fra den som frembringes av akrolein og lignende stoffer i sigarettrøk, vil irritasjonen for-anlediget av nikotinforsterkning i det følgende bli omtalt som "kvelende". Nikotin i røken fra røkmodnet Virginia-tobakk alene har ikke denne kvelende ulempe. with nicotine, especially when smoking cigarettes, is unacceptably irritating. To distinguish this type of irritation from that produced by acrolein and similar substances in cigarette smoke, the irritation caused by nicotine enhancement will be referred to below as "suffocating". Nicotine in the smoke from smoke-cured Virginia tobacco alone does not have this suffocating drawback.
En fremgangsmåte for måling av pH i hele tobakkrøken er beskrevet av Sensabaugh og Cundiff i Tobacco Science VI, side 25, A method for measuring pH in the whole tobacco smoke is described by Sensabaugh and Cundiff in Tobacco Science VI, page 25,
og en lignende fremgangsmåte kan brukes for røk fra andre substrater. and a similar procedure can be used for smoke from other substrates.
Ved undersøkelser under anvendelse av en slik fremgangsmåte har man, In investigations using such a method, one has,
når nikotin tilsettes røkesubstrater, kommet til å forbinde en kvelende røkvirkning med en alkalisk tendens i pH i røken fra substratet, when nicotine is added to smoking substrates, came to associate a suffocating smoke effect with an alkaline tendency in the pH of the smoke from the substrate,
og det er funnet at hvis denne kvelende røk gjøres mer sur, gir den en mindre eller endog helt forsvinnende kvelende fornemmelse. and it has been found that if this suffocating smoke is made more sour, it produces a less or even entirely disappearing suffocating sensation.
Røkeblandingen ifølge oppfinnelsen, som omfatter et røkfrem-bringende substrat forsterket med nikotin, er således karakterisert ved at blandingen inneholder et stoff som ved røking av blandingen frembringer en sur beskaffenhet i røken, slik at den kvelende virkning reduseres. The smoking mixture according to the invention, which comprises a smoke-producing substrate reinforced with nicotine, is thus characterized in that the mixture contains a substance which, when the mixture is smoked, produces an acidic nature in the smoke, so that the suffocating effect is reduced.
Det er selvsagt allerede kjent å innblande i røkeblandinger slike stoffer som gir røken en sur beskaffenhet, hvilket også gjelder røkeblan-dinger basert på tobakk. Nikotinen i tobakken frembringer imidlertid ingen kvelende virkning, og problemet med kvelende virkning oppstår bare når fri nikotin tilsettes. Hittil har stoffer som gir røken en sur beskaffenhet ikke vært anvendt i røkeblandinger forsterket med nikotin. It is of course already known to mix in smoking mixtures such substances which give the smoke an acidic nature, which also applies to smoking mixtures based on tobacco. However, the nicotine in the tobacco produces no suffocating effect, and the problem of suffocating effect only arises when free nicotine is added. So far, substances that give the smoke an acidic nature have not been used in smoking mixtures enhanced with nicotine.
Oppfinnelsen har verdi i forbindelse med naturlig forekommende eller kunstig fremstilte røkfrembringende substrater eller blandinger derav. Den er spesielt verdifull i forbindelse med røkfrembringende substrater inneholdende modifisert karbohydrat fremstilt ved fremgangsmå-ten beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 1 113 979, dvs. ved å utsette karbo-hydratet for en katalytisk nedbrytningsprosess, for eksempel ved en tem-peratur på fra 100°C til 250°C inntil vekten av det nedbrutte karbohydrat er mindre enn 90% av vekten av det opprinnelige karbohydrat. Mer spesielt har oppfinnelsen verdi i forbindelse med røkfrembringende substrater inneholdende modifisert cellulose fremstilt ved å varme opp a-cellulose til 100-250°C i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat. Et annet verdi-fullt substrat for bruk i oppfinnelsen er det som er beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 1 298 354, omfattende et fast kondensat fremstilt ved sur eller alkalisk katalytisk kondensasjon av en forbindelse med forme-len R 1 C0CH0CH_I C0R 2 2(I) (eventuelt fremstilt in situ fra en forløper derav) hvor R og R , som kan være like eller forskjellige, hver betyr hydrogen eller en alkyl-, hydroksyalkyl- eller formylgruppe, idet kon-densatet fremstilles ved hjelp av et filmdannende middel til en form hvorfra et tobakklignende materiale kan fremstilles. Andre røkfrem-bringende substrater som kan brukes i oppfinnelsen, er slike som er basert på forskjellige karbohydrater, f.eks. cellulose eller på karboksy-metylcellulose eller oksydert cellulose som det brennbare materiale. Tobakk forsterket med ytterligere nikotin kan likeledes brukes. The invention has value in connection with naturally occurring or artificially produced smoke-producing substrates or mixtures thereof. It is particularly valuable in connection with smoke-producing substrates containing modified carbohydrate produced by the method described in British patent no. 1 113 979, i.e. by subjecting the carbohydrate to a catalytic decomposition process, for example at a temperature of from 100 °C to 250 °C until the weight of the degraded carbohydrate is less than 90% of the weight of the original carbohydrate. More particularly, the invention has value in connection with smoke producing substrates containing modified cellulose prepared by heating α-cellulose to 100-250°C in the presence of ammonium sulfamate. Another valuable substrate for use in the invention is that described in British patent no. 1 298 354, comprising a solid condensate produced by acid or alkaline catalytic condensation of a compound of the formula R 1 C0CH0CH_I C0R 2 2(I ) (possibly prepared in situ from a precursor thereof) where R and R , which may be the same or different, each means hydrogen or an alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or formyl group, the condensate being prepared by means of a film-forming agent into a form from which a tobacco-like material can be produced. Other smoke-producing substrates that can be used in the invention are those based on different carbohydrates, e.g. cellulose or on carboxymethyl cellulose or oxidized cellulose as the combustible material. Tobacco enhanced with additional nicotine can also be used.
Oppfinnelsen har spesiell betydning i forbindelse med substrater omfattende blandinger av tobakk med kunstig røkfrembringende substrater, da disse ofte krever forsterkning med nikotin for at røkeren kan motta en grad av tilfredsstillelse som den som mottas fra selve tobakken. Blandinger inneholdende opp til 80% tobakk er spesielt egnet. The invention has particular significance in connection with substrates comprising mixtures of tobacco with artificial smoke-producing substrates, as these often require reinforcement with nicotine in order for the smoker to receive a degree of satisfaction similar to that received from the tobacco itself. Mixtures containing up to 80% tobacco are particularly suitable.
I én utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen er stoffet som frembringer den sure beskaffenhet i røken, en organisk syre som enten er flyktig eller flyktig med vanndamp og således føres direkte inn i røken, eller pyrolyseres ved oppvarming under dannelse av en flyktig eller vanndamp-flyktig syre. Flyktige syrer er f. eks. maursyre, eddiksyre, propion-syre, n-kapronsyre, isokapronsyre og n-heptylsyre. Foretrukne syrer som pyrolyseres under dannelse av flyktige syrer, er maleinsyre og sær-lig melkesyre og eplesyre. Pyrolyse av melkesyre og eplesyre er beskrevet av K.R. Geisinger, T.C. Jones og I. Schmeltz i Tobacco Science 89, juni 1970, sider 65-66. In one embodiment of the invention, the substance that produces the acidic nature in the smoke is an organic acid that is either volatile or volatile with water vapor and is thus introduced directly into the smoke, or is pyrolysed by heating to form a volatile or water vapor-volatile acid. Volatile acids are e.g. formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, n-caproic acid, isocaproic acid and n-heptyl acid. Preferred acids which are pyrolysed to form volatile acids are maleic acid and especially lactic acid and malic acid. Pyrolysis of lactic acid and malic acid is described by K.R. Geisinger, T.C. Jones and I. Schmeltz in Tobacco Science 89, June 1970, pages 65-66.
I en annen utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen er stoffet som frembringer den sure beskaffenhet, et nøytralt stoff som pyrolyseres under dannelse av en sur bestanddel. Slike nøytrale stoffer er f.eks. fruktose, glukose og spesielt stivelse og estere, som glycerolmono-, -di-eller -triacetat,-tributyrat, -trioleat eller -tripalmitat. In another embodiment of the invention, the substance which produces the acidic nature is a neutral substance which is pyrolysed to form an acidic component. Such neutral substances are e.g. fructose, glucose and especially starch and esters, such as glycerol mono-, -di- or -triacetate, -tributyrate, -trioleate or -tripalmitate.
I en tredje utførelsesform er stoffet som frembringer den sure beskaffenhet, et salt av en svak nitrogenholdig base (f.eks. ammoniakk) og en sterk syre. Fortrinnsvis anvendes ammoniumsulfat. In a third embodiment, the substance producing the acidic nature is a salt of a weak nitrogenous base (eg ammonia) and a strong acid. Ammonium sulphate is preferably used.
Skjønt alle stoffer som ved røking av blandingen frembringer surt materiale i røken, kan brukes til å redusere den nevnte kvelende fornemmelse, er det undertiden fordelaktig å anvende som nevnte stoff en blanding inneholdende kombinasjoner for å unngå innføring av andre ubehagelige smaks-/duft-egenskaper. Således kan blandinger av ammoni-umsulf at og melkesyre med fordel brukes. Although all substances which, when the mixture is smoked, produce acidic material in the smoke, can be used to reduce the aforementioned suffocating sensation, it is sometimes advantageous to use as said substance a mixture containing combinations to avoid the introduction of other unpleasant taste/smell properties . Thus, mixtures of ammonium sulphate and lactic acid can be used with advantage.
For full effektivitet bør mengden av stoffet som frembringer den sure beskaffenhet, være tilstrekkelig til å motvirke nikotinens virkning når det gjelder frembringelse av den kvelende fornemmelse, og det vil være klart at den nødvendige mengde vil avhenge direkte av den tilsatte mengde nikotin i røkeblandingen og, i tilfeller hvor pyrolyse er nødvendig, av den grad hvori denne skjer i røkeprosessen. Generelt vil andelen av det stoff som frembringer den sure beskaffenhet, ikke overskride det dobbelte av vektandelen av den forsterkende nikotin. Den forsterkende nikotin vil vanligvis ikke overskride 5 vekt%. For full effectiveness, the quantity of the acid producing substance should be sufficient to counteract the effect of the nicotine in producing the suffocating sensation, and it will be clear that the quantity required will depend directly on the amount of nicotine added to the smoke mixture and, in cases where pyrolysis is necessary, to the extent to which this occurs in the smoking process. In general, the proportion of the substance which produces the acidic nature will not exceed twice the proportion by weight of the enhancing nicotine. The reinforcing nicotine will not usually exceed 5% by weight.
Røkeblandingen i henhold til oppfinnelsen kan om ønsket inneholde andre materialer som er vanlige bestanddeler i røke-blandinger, for eksempel glødefremmende katalysatorer, materialer som forbedrer askens sammenheng og kulør, aromastoffer og medika-menter . The smoking mixture according to the invention can, if desired, contain other materials that are common components in smoking mixtures, for example glow-promoting catalysts, materials that improve the consistency and color of the ash, flavorings and medicines.
Sigaretter, sigarer og pipetobakk fra den forbedrede røke-blanding i henhold til oppfinnelsen frembringer mindre kvelende fornemmelse enn tilsvarende røkeartikler fra sammenlignbare røke-blandinger som ikke inneholder stoffet som frembringer den sure beskaffenhet i røken. Ved å bruke de foretrukne kombinasjoner av stoffer, kan den kvelende virkning fullstendig elimineres uten at det innføres andre ubehagelige aromaegenskaper. Cigarettes, cigars and pipe tobacco from the improved smoking mixture according to the invention produce less suffocating sensation than corresponding smoking articles from comparable smoking mixtures which do not contain the substance which produces the acidic nature of the smoke. By using the preferred combinations of substances, the suffocating effect can be completely eliminated without introducing other unpleasant aroma properties.
Oppfinnelsen vil nu bli illustrert ved ikke begrensende eksempler hvor alle deler og prosenter er på basis av vekt. The invention will now be illustrated by non-limiting examples where all parts and percentages are based on weight.
I de medfølgende tegninger viser hver av figurene 1-6 grafiske fremstillinger av pH-profilene av drag-for-drag under røking av sigaretter laget av røkeblandingene beskrevet i de spesielle eksempler. Metoden som anvendes for å fremstille disse grafiske illustrasjoner er beskrevet av Sensabaugh og Cundiff i Tobacco Science VI, sider 25 til 30. Denne fremgangsmåte er In the accompanying drawings, each of Figures 1-6 shows graphical representations of the puff-by-puff pH profiles during smoking of cigarettes made from the smoking mixtures described in the particular examples. The method used to produce these graphical illustrations is described by Sensabaugh and Cundiff in Tobacco Science VI, pages 25 to 30. This method is
empirisk og resultatene er bare for sammenligning. Av den grunn er det ikke angitt noen absolutt pH-skala på figurene. Den hori-sontale linje representerer i hvert tilfelle elektrodens likevekts-pH. Surheten øker oppover. empirically and the results are for comparison only. For that reason, no absolute pH scale is indicated on the figures. The horizontal line represents in each case the equilibrium pH of the electrode. The acidity increases upwards.
Noen av eksemplene inneholder også målinger av absolutt Some of the examples also contain measurements of absolute
pH utført på oppsamlede flyktige røkbestanddeler utført ved metoden beskrevet av Y. Mikami m/flere i Science Paper of Japan Monopoly Corporation 1967, Vol. III, sider 173-177. Destillert vann ble brukt i disse målinger. pH performed on collected volatile smoke constituents performed by the method described by Y. Mikami et al in Science Paper of Japan Monopoly Corporation 1967, Vol. III, pages 173-177. Distilled water was used in these measurements.
Eksempel 1 Example 1
1.160 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehan- 1,160 parts of a material produced by heat treatment
dling av a-cellulose i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 16.160 deler vann og malt i en desintegrator, hvoretter 388 dling of α-cellulose in the presence of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 16,160 parts of water and ground in a disintegrator, after which 388
deler glycerol etterfulgt av 227 deler nikotin i 2000 deler vann ble tilsatt til den omrørte blanding. En tørr blanding bestående av 708 deler kalsiumkarbonat, 216 deler bentonitt og 91 deler ammoniumsulfat ble så tilsatt, etterfulgt av 517 deler natrium-karboksymetylcellulose og 1.230 deler magnesitt. Den resulterende parts glycerol followed by 227 parts nicotine in 2000 parts water was added to the stirred mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 708 parts calcium carbonate, 216 parts bentonite and 91 parts ammonium sulfate was then added, followed by 517 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 1,230 parts magnesite. The resulting
oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. Oppslemningen ble så formet på et tørkeapparat under dannelse av en film med en tørr vekt av 48-52 g/m2. slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour. The slurry was then formed on a drier to form a film with a dry weight of 48-52 g/m 2 .
Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med røkbehåndlet tobakk under dannelse av blandinger inneholdende henholdsvis 70%, 60% og 50% tobakk. Det ble laget sigaretter av blandingene, og disse sigaretter ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakttatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. The film was cut into strips and the strips mixed with smoke-cured tobacco to form mixtures containing respectively 70%, 60% and 50% tobacco. Cigarettes were made from the mixtures, and these cigarettes were aroma rated. No suffocating sensation was observed.
Figur 1 viser sammenlignbare pH-profiler av drag-for-drag av røken fra de tre ovenfor beskrevne blandinger og av selve tobakken . Figure 1 shows comparable puff-by-puff pH profiles of the smoke from the three mixtures described above and of the tobacco itself.
Lignende blandinger ble fremstilt fra den samme tobakk og en ellers identisk sammensetning som imidlertid ikke inneholdt ammoniumsuTfamat. Alle disse blandinger ga en irriterende kvelende røk. Similar mixtures were prepared from the same tobacco and an otherwise identical composition which, however, did not contain ammonium sulfate. All these mixtures produced an irritating suffocating smoke.
Figur 2 viser sammenlignbare pH-profiler av drag-for-drag av røken fra disse tre blandinger. Ved å sammenligne figur 1 med figur 2 vil det ses at ammoniumsulfamatet gjør røken mer sur og motvirker således alkaliteten som skyldes tilsetningen av nikotin. Figure 2 shows comparable pH profiles of puff-by-puff of the smoke from these three mixtures. By comparing Figure 1 with Figure 2, it will be seen that the ammonium sulfamate makes the smoke more acidic and thus counteracts the alkalinity caused by the addition of nicotine.
Eksempel 2 Example 2
1.160 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehandling av a-cellulose i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 16.160 deler vann og malt i en desintegrator. 388 deler glycerol etterfulgt av 227 deler melkesyre og 227 deler nikotin i 2000 deler vann, som var blitt blandet på forhånd, ble tilsatt til blandingen. En tørr blanding bestående av 626 deler kalsiumkarbonat, 216 deler bentonitt og 91 deler ammoniumsulfat ble så tilsatt, etterfulgt av 517 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose bg 1.088 deler magnesitt, og den resulterende oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. Oppslemningen ble så formet på et tørkeapparat under dannelse av en film med én tør r vekt på o 48-52 g/m 2'. 1,160 parts of a material prepared by heat treatment of α-cellulose in the presence of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 16,160 parts of water and ground in a disintegrator. 388 parts of glycerol followed by 227 parts of lactic acid and 227 parts of nicotine in 2000 parts of water, which had been mixed beforehand, were added to the mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 626 parts calcium carbonate, 216 parts bentonite, and 91 parts ammonium sulfate was then added, followed by 517 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose bg 1,088 parts magnesite, and the resulting slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour. The slurry was then formed on a drier to form a film with a dry weight of about 48-52 g/m 2'.
Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med røkbehåndlet tobakk under dannelse av en blanding inneholdende 50% tobakk. Det ble laget sigaretter av blandingen og disse ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakttatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. The film was cut into strips and the strips mixed with smoke-cured tobacco to form a mixture containing 50% tobacco. Cigarettes were made from the mixture and these were assessed for aroma. No suffocating sensation was observed.
Figur 3 viser en pH-profil av drag-for-drag av røken fra denne blanding. Absolutte pH-verdier bestemt på deler av røken vart Figure 3 shows a puff-by-puff pH profile of the smoke from this mixture. Absolute pH values determined on parts of the smoke were
En lignende 50:50 blanding av tobakk med en ellers identisk sammensetning, dog uten ammoniumsulfat og melkesyre, ga en irriterende kvelende røk. A similar 50:50 mixture of tobacco with an otherwise identical composition, but without ammonium sulphate and lactic acid, produced an irritating suffocating smoke.
Eksempel 3 Example 3
1.160 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehandling av a-cellulose i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 16.160 deler vann og malt i en desintegrator. 388 deler glycerol etterfulgt av 227 deler melkesyre og 227 deler nikotin i 2.000 deler vann, som var blitt forhåndsbehandlet, ble tilsatt til blandingen. En tørr blanding bestående av 663 deler kalsiumkarbonat og 216 deler bentonitt ble tilsatt, etterfulgt av 517 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose og 1.139 deler magnesitt,og den resulterende oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. Oppslemningen ble så formet på et tørkeapparat under dannelse av en film med en tørr-vekt på 48-52 g/m 2. 1,160 parts of a material prepared by heat treatment of α-cellulose in the presence of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 16,160 parts of water and ground in a disintegrator. 388 parts glycerol followed by 227 parts lactic acid and 227 parts nicotine in 2,000 parts water, which had been pretreated, was added to the mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 663 parts calcium carbonate and 216 parts bentonite was added, followed by 517 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 1,139 parts magnesite, and the resulting slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour. The slurry was then formed on a drier to form a film with a dry weight of 48-52 g/m 2 .
Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med røkbehåndlet tobakk under dannelse av en blanding inneholdende 50% tobakk. Det ble laget sigaretter av blandingen og disse ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakttatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. The film was cut into strips and the strips mixed with smoke-cured tobacco to form a mixture containing 50% tobacco. Cigarettes were made from the mixture and these were assessed for aroma. No suffocating sensation was observed.
En lignende 50:50 blanding av tobakk med en ellers identisk sammensetning, dog uten melkesyre, ga en irriterende kvelende røk. A similar 50:50 mixture of tobacco with an otherwise identical composition, but without lactic acid, produced an irritatingly suffocating smoke.
Eksempel 4. Example 4.
5,1 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehandling av a-cellulose i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 60 5.1 parts of a material produced by heat treatment of α-cellulose in the presence of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 60
deler vann og malt i en desintegrator. 1,7 deler glycerol etterfulgt av 1 del nikotin og 1 del glyceroltriacetat i 20 deler vann ble tilsatt til den omrørte blanding. En tørr blanding bestående av 2,92 deler kalsiumkarbonat og 0,95 del bentonitt ble så tilsatt, etterfulgt av 2,3 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose og 0,5 del magnesitt,og den resulterende oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. Oppslemningen ble formet under dannelse av en film separates water and malt in a disintegrator. 1.7 parts glycerol followed by 1 part nicotine and 1 part glycerol triacetate in 20 parts water was added to the stirred mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 2.92 parts calcium carbonate and 0.95 part bentonite was then added, followed by 2.3 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.5 part magnesite, and the resulting slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour. The slurry was shaped to form a film
mecl en tørrvekt på 48-52 g/m<2>. mecl a dry weight of 48-52 g/m<2>.
Filmen bie kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med røkbehåndlet tobakk under dannelse av en blanding inneholdende 50% tobakk. Det ble laget sigaretter av blandingen og disse ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakttatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. The film bee cut into strips and the strips mixed with smoke-cured tobacco to form a mixture containing 50% tobacco. Cigarettes were made from the mixture and these were assessed for aroma. No suffocating sensation was observed.
Figur 4 viser en pH-profil av drag-for-drag av røken fra denne blanding. Absolutte pH-verdier på deler av røken var: Figure 4 shows a puff-by-puff pH profile of the smoke from this mixture. Absolute pH values on parts of the smoke were:
En lignende 50:50 blanding av tobakk med en ellers identisk sammensetning, dog uten glyceroltriacetat, ga en irriterende kvelende røk. A similar 50:50 mixture of tobacco with an otherwise identical composition, but without glycerol triacetate, produced an irritatingly suffocating smoke.
Eksempel 5 Example 5
5,02 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehandling av a-cellulose i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 60 deler vann oy malt i en desintegrator. 1,7 deler glycerol etterfulgt av 1 del nikotin i 20 deler vann ble tilsatt til den omrørte blanding. En tørr blanding bestående av 2,92 deler kalsiumkarbonat, 0,95 del betonitt og 2 deler stivelse ble så tilsatt, etterfulgt av 2,3 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose og 4,12 deler magnesitt.og den resulterende oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. Oppslemningen ble så formet under dannelse av en film med en tørr-vekt pa 48-52 g/m . 5.02 parts of a material prepared by heat treatment of α-cellulose in the presence of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 60 parts of water and ground in a disintegrator. 1.7 parts glycerol followed by 1 part nicotine in 20 parts water was added to the stirred mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 2.92 parts calcium carbonate, 0.95 part betonite and 2 parts starch was then added, followed by 2.3 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 4.12 parts magnesite, and the resulting slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour. The slurry was then shaped to form a film with a dry weight of 48-52 g/m 2 .
Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med røkbehåndlet tobakk under dannelse av en blanding inneholdende 50% tobakk. Det ble laget sigaretter av blandingen og disse ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakttatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. The film was cut into strips and the strips mixed with smoke-cured tobacco to form a mixture containing 50% tobacco. Cigarettes were made from the mixture and these were assessed for aroma. No suffocating sensation was observed.
Den samme sammensetning uten stivelse ga en irriterende kvelende røk. The same composition without starch produced an irritating suffocating smoke.
Eksempel 6 Example 6
98,8 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehandling av a-cellulose i nær røer av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 1.600 98.8 parts of a material produced by the heat treatment of α-cellulose in a mixture of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 1,600
deler vann og malt i en desintegrator. 22,0 deler glycerol etter- separates water and malt in a disintegrator. 22.0 parts glycerol after
fulgt av 14 deler nikotin og 18 deler eplesyre i 200 deler vann ble tilsatt til blandingen. En tørr blanding bestående av 60,4 deler kalsiumkarbonat, 18,4 deler bentonitt og 0,8 del ammoniumsulfat ble tilsatt, etterfulgt av 55,2 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose og 105,2 deler magnesitt og den resulterende oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. followed by 14 parts nicotine and 18 parts malic acid in 200 parts water was added to the mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 60.4 parts calcium carbonate, 18.4 parts bentonite and 0.8 part ammonium sulfate was added, followed by 55.2 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 105.2 parts magnesite and the resulting slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour.
Oppslemningen ble så formet under dannelse av en film The slurry was then shaped to form a film
med tørrvekt 48-52 g/m 2. with a dry weight of 48-52 g/m 2.
i Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med like deler røkbehåndlet tobakk og av hvilken blanding ble fremstilt sigaretter. Disse sigaretter ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakt- in the Film was cut into strips and the strips mixed with equal parts smoke-cured tobacco and from which mixture cigarettes were made. These cigarettes were aroma rated. It was not observed
tatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. took some suffocating sensation.
Figur 5 viser en pH-profil av drag-for-drag av røken fra denne blanding. Figure 5 shows a puff-by-puff pH profile of the smoke from this mixture.
En lignende 50:50 blanding av tobakk med en ellers identisk sammensetning, dog uten eplesyre og ammoniumsulfat, ga en irriterende kvelende røk. A similar 50:50 mixture of tobacco with an otherwise identical composition, but without the malic acid and ammonium sulphate, produced an irritatingly suffocating smoke.
Eksempel 7 Example 7
98,8 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehandling av a-cellulose i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 1.600 98.8 parts of a material produced by heat treatment of α-cellulose in the presence of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 1,600
deler vann og malt i en desintegrator. 22,0 deler glycerol etterfulgt av 14 deler nikotin og 18 deler maleinsyre i 200 deler vann ble tilsatt til blandingen. En tørr blanding bestående av 60,4 separates water and malt in a disintegrator. 22.0 parts glycerol followed by 14 parts nicotine and 18 parts maleic acid in 200 parts water was added to the mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 60.4
deler kalsiumkarbonat, 18,4 deler bentonitt og 8 deler ammonium- parts calcium carbonate, 18.4 parts bentonite and 8 parts ammonium
sulfat ble tilsatt, etterfulgt av 55,2 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose og 105,2 deler magnesitt. Deri resulterende oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time og deretter formet på et tørkeapparat under dannelse av en film med tørrvekt på 48-52 g/m . sulfate was added, followed by 55.2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 105.2 parts of magnesite. There resulting slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour and then formed on a drier to form a film with a dry weight of 48-52 g/m 2 .
Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med en The film was cut into strips and the strips mixed with one
lik del røkbehåndlet tobakk og av hvilken blanding ble fremstilt sigaretter. Disse sigaretter ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakt- equal parts smoke-cured tobacco and from which mixture cigarettes were made. These cigarettes were aroma rated. It was not observed
tatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. took some suffocating sensation.
Figur 6 viser en pH-profil av drag-for-drag av røken Figure 6 shows a puff-by-puff pH profile of the smoke
fra denne blanding. from this mixture.
En lignende 50:50 blanding av tobakk med en ellers iden- A similar 50:50 mixture of tobacco with an otherwise identical
tisk sammensetning, dog uten maleinsyre og ammoniumsulfat, ga en irriterende kvelende røk. tic composition, however, without maleic acid and ammonium sulphate, produced an irritating suffocating smoke.
Eksempel 8 Example 8
5,02 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehandling av a-cellulose i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 60 deler vann og malt i en desintegrator. 1,7 deler glycerol etterfulgt av 1 del nikotin og 1 del fruktose i 20 deler vann ble tilsatt til blandingen. En tørr blanding bestående av 2,92 deler kalsiumkarbonat og 10,95 deler betonitt ble så tilsatt, etterfulgt av 2,3 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose og 4,12 deler magnesitt og den resulterende oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. Oppslemningen ble så formet under dannelse av en film med tørrvekt 48-52 g/m <2>. 5.02 parts of a material prepared by heat treatment of α-cellulose in the presence of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 60 parts of water and ground in a disintegrator. 1.7 parts glycerol followed by 1 part nicotine and 1 part fructose in 20 parts water was added to the mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 2.92 parts calcium carbonate and 10.95 parts betonite was then added, followed by 2.3 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 4.12 parts magnesite and the resulting slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour. The slurry was then shaped to form a film with a dry weight of 48-52 g/m <2>.
Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med The film was cut into strips and the strips mixed together
en lik del røkbehåndlet tobakk. Det ble laget sigaretter av denne blanding og disse ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakttatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. an equal amount of smoke-cured tobacco. Cigarettes were made from this mixture and these were assessed for aroma. No suffocating sensation was observed.
En lignende 50:50 blanding av tobakk med en ellers identisk sammensetning, dog uten fruktose, ga en irriterende kvelende røk. A similar 50:50 mixture of tobacco with an otherwise identical composition, but without fructose, produced an irritatingly suffocating smoke.
Eksempel 9 Example 9
96,8 deler alginsyre ble blandet med 1.600 deler vann 96.8 parts of alginic acid were mixed with 1,600 parts of water
og malt i en desintegrator. 24,4 deler glycerol og 14,4 deler kaliumcitrat etterfulgt av 20 deler nikotin og 20 deler melkesyre ble tilsatt til blandingen. En tørr blanding bestående av 69,2 deler kalsiumkarbonat og 120,8 deler magnesitt ble så tilsatt, etterfulgt av 34,4 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose, og den resulterende oppslemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. Oppslemningen ble så o formet under dannelse av en film med tørrvekt 48-52 g/m 2. and ground in a disintegrator. 24.4 parts glycerol and 14.4 parts potassium citrate followed by 20 parts nicotine and 20 parts lactic acid were added to the mixture. A dry mixture consisting of 69.2 parts calcium carbonate and 120.8 parts magnesite was then added, followed by 34.4 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and the resulting slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour. The slurry was then shaped to form a film with a dry weight of 48-52 g/m 2 .
Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med The film was cut into strips and the strips mixed together
en lik del røkbehåndlet tobakk. Det ble laget sigaretter av blandingen og disse ble aromabedømt. Det ble ikke iakttatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. an equal amount of smoke-cured tobacco. Cigarettes were made from the mixture and these were assessed for aroma. No suffocating sensation was observed.
En lignende 50:50 blanding av tobakk med en ellers identisk sammensetning, dog uten melkesyre, ga en kvelende røk. A similar 50:50 mixture of tobacco with an otherwise identical composition, but without lactic acid, produced a suffocating smoke.
Eksempel 10 Example 10
102,4 deler av et materiale fremstilt ved varmebehandling av a-cellulose i nærvær av ammoniumsulfamat ble blandet med 1.600 102.4 parts of a material produced by heat treatment of α-cellulose in the presence of ammonium sulfamate was mixed with 1,600
deler vann og malt i en desintegrator. 34,4 deler glycerol etter- separates water and malt in a disintegrator. 34.4 parts glycerol after
fulgt av 20 deler nikotin, 20 deler maursyre i 200 deler vann ble tilsatt. En tørr blanding bestående av 58,0 deler kalsiumkarbonat og 19,2 deler bentonitt ble så tilsatt, etterfulgt av 45,6 deler natriumkarboksymetylcellulose og 100,4 deler magnesitt, og den resul- followed by 20 parts nicotine, 20 parts formic acid in 200 parts water was added. A dry mixture consisting of 58.0 parts calcium carbonate and 19.2 parts bentonite was then added, followed by 45.6 parts sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 100.4 parts magnesite, and the resulting
terende opplemning ble omrørt i minst 1 time. Oppslemningen ble så formet på en "Sandvik"-tørker under dannelse av en film med en tørrvekt på 48-52 g/m 2. terating slurry was stirred for at least 1 hour. The slurry was then formed on a "Sandvik" drier to form a film with a dry weight of 48-52 g/m 2 .
Filmen ble kuttet i strimler og strimlene blandet med The film was cut into strips and the strips mixed together
en lik vektdel røkbehåndlet tobakk og laget til sigaretter. Siga- an equal part by weight of smoke-cured tobacco and made into cigarettes. Siga-
rettene ble aromabedømt, og det ble ikke iakttatt noen kvelende fornemmelse. the dishes were judged for their aroma, and no suffocating sensation was observed.
En lignende 50:50 blanding av tobakk med en ellers iden- A similar 50:50 mixture of tobacco with an otherwise identical
tisk sammensetning, dog uten maursyre, ga en kvelende røk. tic composition, though without formic acid, produced a suffocating smoke.
Claims (7)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB4192171 | 1971-09-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO129828B true NO129828B (en) | 1974-06-04 |
Family
ID=10421982
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO03062/72A NO129828B (en) | 1971-09-08 | 1972-08-29 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3878850A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS4835096A (en) |
AR (1) | AR193290A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU4588672A (en) |
BE (1) | BE788198A (en) |
BR (1) | BR7206178D0 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2244030A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES406480A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2152183A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1339144A (en) |
IE (1) | IE36889B1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL40176A0 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1048894B (en) |
LU (1) | LU66008A1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL7212166A (en) |
NO (1) | NO129828B (en) |
SE (1) | SE7211558L (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA725667B (en) |
ZM (1) | ZM14072A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (26)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1502132A (en) * | 1975-05-27 | 1978-02-22 | Ici Ltd | Smoking materials |
GB1597101A (en) * | 1976-10-05 | 1981-09-03 | Gallaher Ltd | Smoking materials |
US4146040A (en) * | 1977-03-17 | 1979-03-27 | Cohn Charles C | Cigarettes |
US4452259A (en) * | 1981-07-10 | 1984-06-05 | Loews Theatres, Inc. | Smoking articles having a reduced free burn time |
IE873108L (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-06-12 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Impact modifying agent for use with smoking articles |
US4830028A (en) * | 1987-02-10 | 1989-05-16 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Salts provided from nicotine and organic acid as cigarette additives |
EP0286256A3 (en) * | 1987-03-23 | 1990-03-07 | Imperial Tobacco Limited | Smoking material and process for making same |
US4920990A (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1990-05-01 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette |
GB9712815D0 (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 1997-08-20 | British American Tobacco Co | Smoking article and smoking material therefor |
US5996589A (en) * | 1998-03-03 | 1999-12-07 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Aerosol-delivery smoking article |
EP1675454A4 (en) * | 2003-08-19 | 2007-03-21 | 22Nd Century Ltd Llc | Reduced-exposure tobacco products |
US20050066986A1 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2005-03-31 | Nestor Timothy Brian | Smokable rod for a cigarette |
US7503330B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2009-03-17 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Smokable rod for a cigarette |
US20070215167A1 (en) * | 2006-03-16 | 2007-09-20 | Evon Llewellyn Crooks | Smoking article |
US10188140B2 (en) | 2005-08-01 | 2019-01-29 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Smoking article |
US9220301B2 (en) | 2006-03-16 | 2015-12-29 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Smoking article |
US7726320B2 (en) | 2006-10-18 | 2010-06-01 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Tobacco-containing smoking article |
US8635873B2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2014-01-28 | D2Bg Llc | Compressed gas-driven device with passive thermodynamic composition |
US8833078B2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2014-09-16 | D2Bg Llc | Compressed gas-driven device with passive thermodynamic composition |
US11344683B2 (en) | 2010-05-15 | 2022-05-31 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Vaporizer related systems, methods, and apparatus |
US8757147B2 (en) | 2010-05-15 | 2014-06-24 | Minusa Holdings Llc | Personal vaporizing inhaler with internal light source |
US9078473B2 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2015-07-14 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Smoking articles and use thereof for yielding inhalation materials |
US9839238B2 (en) | 2014-02-28 | 2017-12-12 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Control body for an electronic smoking article |
US10034494B2 (en) | 2015-09-15 | 2018-07-31 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Reservoir for aerosol delivery devices |
US11490653B2 (en) | 2017-06-23 | 2022-11-08 | Altria Client Services Llc | Smoking article |
US10765143B2 (en) | 2017-09-14 | 2020-09-08 | Altria Client Services Llc | Smoking article with reduced tobacco |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1996002A (en) * | 1933-05-25 | 1935-03-26 | Seaman Stewart Elmer | Decreasing inflammability of cigarettes |
US2739599A (en) * | 1948-12-31 | 1956-03-27 | American Mach & Foundry | Method of treating tobacco and tobacco products |
US2809904A (en) * | 1954-11-17 | 1957-10-15 | Raymar Company | Smoking product |
US3003895A (en) * | 1957-12-06 | 1961-10-10 | Heinr Borgwaldt | Tobacco product and method of making the same |
GB1113979A (en) * | 1966-05-19 | 1968-05-15 | Ici Ltd | Modified carbohydrate material for smoking mixtures |
US3385303A (en) * | 1966-06-16 | 1968-05-28 | Philip Morris Inc | Reconstituted tobacco product |
US3461879A (en) * | 1967-06-30 | 1969-08-19 | Celanese Corp | Oxidized cellulose tobacco substitute composition |
US3529602A (en) * | 1969-02-27 | 1970-09-22 | Philip Morris Inc | Tobacco substitute sheet material |
-
0
- BE BE788198D patent/BE788198A/en unknown
-
1971
- 1971-09-08 GB GB4192171A patent/GB1339144A/en not_active Expired
-
1972
- 1972-08-15 IE IE1133/72A patent/IE36889B1/en unknown
- 1972-08-17 ZA ZA725667A patent/ZA725667B/en unknown
- 1972-08-22 IL IL40176A patent/IL40176A0/en unknown
- 1972-08-23 AU AU45886/72A patent/AU4588672A/en not_active Expired
- 1972-08-23 ZM ZM140/72*UA patent/ZM14072A1/en unknown
- 1972-08-23 IT IT28416/72A patent/IT1048894B/en active
- 1972-08-24 US US283290A patent/US3878850A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1972-08-29 NO NO03062/72A patent/NO129828B/no unknown
- 1972-09-01 AR AR243875A patent/AR193290A1/en active
- 1972-09-06 BR BR6178/72A patent/BR7206178D0/en unknown
- 1972-09-06 LU LU66008A patent/LU66008A1/xx unknown
- 1972-09-07 SE SE7211558A patent/SE7211558L/xx unknown
- 1972-09-07 FR FR7231735A patent/FR2152183A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1972-09-07 NL NL7212166A patent/NL7212166A/xx unknown
- 1972-09-07 DE DE2244030A patent/DE2244030A1/en active Pending
- 1972-09-08 ES ES406480A patent/ES406480A1/en not_active Expired
- 1972-09-08 JP JP47090308A patent/JPS4835096A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2152183A5 (en) | 1973-04-20 |
IE36889L (en) | 1973-03-08 |
IL40176A0 (en) | 1972-10-29 |
GB1339144A (en) | 1973-11-28 |
ZA725667B (en) | 1973-05-30 |
ZM14072A1 (en) | 1973-04-24 |
BR7206178D0 (en) | 1973-09-13 |
ES406480A1 (en) | 1975-10-01 |
JPS4835096A (en) | 1973-05-23 |
US3878850A (en) | 1975-04-22 |
IT1048894B (en) | 1980-12-20 |
LU66008A1 (en) | 1973-01-17 |
BE788198A (en) | 1973-02-28 |
SE7211558L (en) | 1973-03-09 |
IE36889B1 (en) | 1977-03-16 |
AU4588672A (en) | 1974-02-28 |
DE2244030A1 (en) | 1973-03-15 |
NL7212166A (en) | 1973-03-12 |
AR193290A1 (en) | 1973-04-11 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
NO129828B (en) | ||
US4505282A (en) | Innerliner wrap for smoking articles | |
US3386449A (en) | Method of making a reconstituted tobacco sheet | |
US4079742A (en) | Process for the manufacture of synthetic smoking materials | |
US3943942A (en) | Smoking mixtures | |
US4008723A (en) | Smoking mixture | |
US3298378A (en) | Method of making a tobacco product | |
EP0699034A1 (en) | Improved reconstituted tobacco product | |
US2886042A (en) | Cigarette paper | |
US2171986A (en) | Paper and paper making | |
DE2356706A1 (en) | SMOKE MIXTURES | |
NO131152B (en) | ||
DE19535581C1 (en) | Coagulated, flavoured egg cubes for adding e.g. to hot soup | |
US2943958A (en) | Manufacture of cigarettes | |
NO127732B (en) | ||
US3884245A (en) | Smoking mixtures | |
US4117850A (en) | Smoking mixtures | |
US2943959A (en) | Manufacture of cigarettes | |
US5137036A (en) | Smoking compositions containing a vanillin-release additive | |
DE2262829B2 (en) | Smokable products | |
US4014348A (en) | Smoking mixture | |
US2644462A (en) | Tobacco treatment | |
NO126459B (en) | ||
NO130176B (en) | ||
DE2036400A1 (en) | Artificial tobacco preparations and processes for their manufacture |