NO129636B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO129636B NO129636B NO341868A NO341868A NO129636B NO 129636 B NO129636 B NO 129636B NO 341868 A NO341868 A NO 341868A NO 341868 A NO341868 A NO 341868A NO 129636 B NO129636 B NO 129636B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- mat
- fibers
- mass
- rollers
- heat
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100495270 Caenorhabditis elegans cdc-26 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/72—Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D11/00—Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents
- C11D11/02—Preparation in the form of powder by spray drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D3/06—Phosphates, including polyphosphates
- C11D3/062—Special methods concerning phosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av matter, plater eller deler av glassfibere eller andre termoplastiske mineralske stoffer. Process for the production of mats, sheets or parts of glass fibers or other thermoplastic mineral substances.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse angår The present invention concerns
fremstilling av matter, plater eller deler av termoplastiske fibere, spesielt glassfibere, som er blitt agglomerert, sammenfiltet eller på annen måte forbundet med hverandre så det dannes et sammenhengende produkt. production of mats, sheets or parts of thermoplastic fibres, especially glass fibres, which have been agglomerated, felted or otherwise connected to each other so as to form a coherent product.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen kan man According to the invention, one can
ved å gå ut fra en av slike fibere bestående matte fremstille ark eller matter som under behandlingen praktisk tal ikke er blitt for-kortet, hverken i lengde eller bredde, mens tykkelsen er blitt betydelig nedsatt. by proceeding from one of such fiber mats, sheets or mats are produced which during processing have practically not been shortened, either in length or width, while the thickness has been significantly reduced.
I henhold til et trekk ved fremgangsmåten blir fibermatten utsatt for en kraf-tig temperaturforhøyning som innvirker på mattens store flater og som bevirker at matten får mindre tykkelse, samtidig som matten utsettes for en trekkvirkning, slik at dens lengde praktisk talt ikke min-skes. According to a feature of the method, the fiber mat is exposed to a strong increase in temperature which affects the mat's large surfaces and causes the mat to become less thick, while at the same time the mat is exposed to a pulling effect, so that its length is practically not reduced.
Oppfinnerne har funnet at den sterke The inventors have found that the strong
temperaturforhøyning som mattens store flater utsettes for gjør det mulig å oppnå at matten blir meget tynnere uten at det er nødvendig å utøve noe trykk på matten. temperature increase to which the mat's large surfaces are exposed makes it possible to achieve that the mat becomes much thinner without it being necessary to exert any pressure on the mat.
Oppfinnerne har videre funnet at en The inventors have further found that a
matte av termoplastiske fibere, spesielt mineralske fibere, frembyr — hva angår dens sammentrekking under innflytelse av den varmebehandling som matten utsettes for i henhold til oppfinnelsen — en helt spesiell oppførsel, ved hvis hjelp det kan frem-stilles tette (tunge) produkter som har for- mat of thermoplastic fibres, especially mineral fibres, produces — as regards its contraction under the influence of the heat treatment to which the mat is subjected according to the invention — a very special behavior, with the help of which it is possible to produce dense (heavy) products which have -
delaktige fysiske egenskaper, spesielt hva angår deres mekaniske styrke, porøsitet og deres evne til å absorbere lydbølger og varmebølger. associated physical properties, particularly as regards their mechanical strength, porosity and their ability to absorb sound waves and heat waves.
Således kan man i henhold til oppfinnelsen gå ut fra glassfibermatter som har en vekt av størrelsesordenen 5 kg/m.:i og derav fremstille ark eller matter av samme lengde som utgangsmaterialet, men som har en vekt av størrelsesordenen 120 kg/m». Thus, according to the invention, one can start from glass fiber mats that have a weight of the order of magnitude 5 kg/m.:i and from this produce sheets or mats of the same length as the starting material, but which have a weight of the order of magnitude 120 kg/m".
Særlig fordelaktig produkter kan fås ved at man går ut fra en matte som består av minst to forskjellige fiberarter som er dannet av et materiale som har en og samme sammensetning men har forskjellige termoplastiske egenskaper, idet den ene bestanddel har et mykningspunkt som er betydelig lavere enn den annen bestan-dels. Particularly advantageous products can be obtained by starting from a mat that consists of at least two different fiber types that are formed from a material that has the same composition but has different thermoplastic properties, as one component has a softening point that is significantly lower than the other component.
Med fordel kan man gå ut fra en matte som består av fibere av forskjellige diameter og lengder eller av fibere som i matten har en preferanseorientering. It is advantageous to start from a mat that consists of fibers of different diameters and lengths or of fibers that in the mat have a preferred orientation.
Ansøkerne har forøvig funnet, at den sterke temperaturhevning av de to sider av matten med fordel kan påvirkes ved stråling. The applicants have further found that the strong temperature rise of the two sides of the mat can be advantageously influenced by radiation.
På grunn av de isolerende egenskaper hos materialet som behandles kunne man frykte for at varmeoverføringen ville være dårlig inne i massen, men man oppnår tvert i mot en god gjennomtrengning av varmen inne i fibermassen. Due to the insulating properties of the material being treated, one could fear that the heat transfer would be poor inside the mass, but on the contrary, a good penetration of the heat inside the fiber mass is achieved.
Videre kan den varmetilførsel som overflaten som skal behandles med være meget stor og muliggjøre at det opptrer varmesjokk som medfører store tempera-turgradienter inne i massen og derved en i visse tilfelle ønskelig retardering i opphet-ningen av det indre parti. Det progressive og hurtige sammenfall av matten sammen med den måte hvorpå temperaturen over-føres, gjør det imidlertid mulig å oppnå i mattens midtparti den temperatur som kreves for agglomereringen. Denne progressive varmeinnføring i mattens masse gjør det mulig å begrense mattens sammentrekking i sideretningen i betydelig grad. En slik opphetningsmetode krever eliminering av enhver kontinuerlig bære-flate for matten. Matten må derfor under-støttes ved så begrensede og så vidt atskilte kontaktflater som mulig, slik at varme-fluksen som kommer fra de utstrålende flater oppfanges minst mulig. Furthermore, the heat supply with which the surface to be treated can be very large and make it possible for heat shock to occur which causes large temperature gradients inside the mass and thereby a desirable retardation in the heating of the inner part in certain cases. The progressive and rapid collapsing of the mat together with the way in which the temperature is transferred, however, makes it possible to achieve the temperature required for the agglomeration in the middle part of the mat. This progressive introduction of heat into the mass of the mat makes it possible to limit the contraction of the mat in the lateral direction to a considerable extent. Such a heating method requires the elimination of any continuous bearing surface for the mat. The mat must therefore be supported by as limited and as widely separated contact surfaces as possible, so that the heat flux coming from the radiating surfaces is captured as little as possible.
Den trekkvirkning som utøves for praktisk talt å unngå krymping av matten i dennes lengderetning kan med fordel opp-nås ved hjelp av de samme midler som de som tjener til å kalandrere arket eller matten ved slutten av dennes varmebehandling. Det er tilstrekkelig at kalandervalsene gis en periferihastighet som er blitt større enn mattens tilførselshastighet ved begynnelsen, og eventuelt gi valsene som understøtter matten en slik hastighet under behandlingen av matten. The pulling effect which is exerted to practically avoid shrinkage of the mat in its longitudinal direction can be advantageously achieved by means of the same means as those used to calender the sheet or mat at the end of its heat treatment. It is sufficient that the calender rolls are given a peripheral speed that has become greater than the mat's supply speed at the beginning, and possibly give the rolls that support the mat such a speed during the processing of the mat.
I henhold til et videre trekk ved oppfinnelsen kan det foretas en svakere opphetning av mattens kantpartier. En slik opphetning vil, samtidig som den ved-likeholder en viss agglomerering og sikrer sammenheng av kantene, delta til å minske eller hindre at matten trekker seg sammen i tverretningen. According to a further feature of the invention, a weaker heating of the edge parts of the mat can be carried out. Such heating will, at the same time as it maintains a certain agglomeration and ensures cohesion of the edges, help to reduce or prevent the mat from contracting in the transverse direction.
I henhold til oppfinnelsen kan det enn-videre, etter at matten er blitt formet som foran beskrevet og den har forlatt kalan-derorganene, underkastes det således er-holdte produkt en bråkjøling. Denne brå-kjøling skjer fortrinsvis ved hjelp av stråling, hvorved produktets definitive form øyeblikkelig fikseres. Avkjølingen kan med fordel skje ved hjelp av to kasser, som er plasert bak kalandervalsene på hver sin side av banen for produktet som behandles. According to the invention, it is also possible, after the mat has been shaped as described above and it has left the calendering means, that the product thus obtained can be subjected to rapid cooling. This rapid cooling takes place preferably by means of radiation, whereby the product's definitive shape is instantly fixed. The cooling can advantageously take place with the help of two boxes, which are placed behind the calender rollers on either side of the path for the product being processed.
Nedenfor beskrives det som eksempel Below it is described as an example
en innretning til utførelse av oppfinnelsen. a device for carrying out the invention.
Innretningen består av en tunnelovn 1 hvis hvelv og bunn er utstyrt med elek-triske motstander 2 resp. 2a. Den har videre styrede, roterende valser 3, over hvilke The device consists of a tunnel furnace 1 whose vault and bottom are equipped with electrical resistors 2 or 2a. It further has controlled, rotating rollers 3, above which
fibermatten som skal behandles passerer. the fiber mat to be treated passes.
Valsenes 3 hestighet er litt mindre enn mattens bevegelseshastighet. Disse valser er avkjølt. De har liten diameter, f .eks. 20— 30 mm og er ca. 120 m lange. The 3 speed of the rollers is slightly less than the movement speed of the mat. These rollers are cooled. They have a small diameter, e.g. 20-30 mm and is approx. 120 m long.
Ved sin inntreden i innretningen har matten 4 en stor tykkelse, men etter at dens When it enters the device, the mat 4 has a large thickness, but after its
to store flater er blitt utsatt for en sterk varmestråling, som frembringes av opp-hetningsmotstandene, synker matten et-terhvert, men meget hurtig, sammen. two large surfaces have been exposed to strong heat radiation, which is produced by the heating resistors, the mat sinks one by one, but very quickly, together.
I nærheten av utløpet fra ovnen er det anbrakt avkjølte kalandervalser 5, 5a, hvis trykk på arket eller matten kan reguleres ved hjelp av passende innstillingsanordning 6. Disse valser gir arket eller matten den samme hastighet som de selv har, og denne hastighet er slik at mens matten passerer gjennom ovnen forkortes matten praktisk talt ikke. Cooled calender rollers 5, 5a are placed near the outlet from the furnace, whose pressure on the sheet or mat can be regulated by means of a suitable setting device 6. These rollers give the sheet or mat the same speed as they themselves have, and this speed is such that as the mat passes through the oven, the mat is practically not shortened.
Like ved utløpet fra kalandervalsene 5, 5a er det anbrakt kasser 7, 7a på hver sin side av arket eller matten. Gjennom disse kasser strømmer et kjølefluidum, som ved stråling bevirker en sterk avkjø-ling av produktet. Bak kjølekassene er det anbrakt roterende, styrte valser 8, 8a, som trekker arket og hvis periferihastighet er litt større enn arkets hastighet. Ved hjelp av en innstillingsanordning 9 kan disse trekkvalsers trykk reguleres. Close to the outlet from the calender rolls 5, 5a, boxes 7, 7a are placed on each side of the sheet or mat. A cooling fluid flows through these boxes, which by radiation causes a strong cooling of the product. Behind the cooling boxes are placed rotating, controlled rollers 8, 8a, which pull the sheet and whose peripheral speed is slightly greater than the speed of the sheet. By means of a setting device 9, the pressure of these drawing rollers can be regulated.
Avstanden mellom valsene 3 kan vari-eres og avstanden mellom dem tiltar fra innløpet til utløpet av ovnen. Matten kan i praksis understøttes på færre punkter etter at den er blitt utsatt for varmen og har agglomerert seg. Denne anordning av valsene letter varmens innvirkning da det blir færre deler som motvirker varmestrå-lingen. Det kan være fordelaktig hvis man nær ved utløpet anbringer en eller flere ekstra valser 3a, for bedre understøttelse av arket eller matten før inngangen til kalandervalsene. The distance between the rollers 3 can be varied and the distance between them increases from the inlet to the outlet of the oven. In practice, the mat can be supported at fewer points after it has been exposed to the heat and has agglomerated. This arrangement of the rollers eases the impact of the heat as there are fewer parts that counteract the heat radiation. It can be advantageous if one or more additional rollers 3a are placed close to the outlet, for better support of the sheet or mat before the entrance to the calender rollers.
Som eksempel kan det nevnes, at man ved hjelp av den beskrevne innretning har fått gode fibermatter under følgende be-tingelser: As an example, it can be mentioned that with the help of the described device, good fiber mats have been obtained under the following conditions:
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB4037667 | 1967-09-04 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO129636B true NO129636B (en) | 1974-05-06 |
NO129636C NO129636C (en) | 1976-01-27 |
Family
ID=10414586
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO341868A NO129636C (en) | 1967-09-04 | 1968-09-03 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT329721B (en) |
BE (1) | BE720396A (en) |
CH (1) | CH517173A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1792434B2 (en) |
ES (1) | ES357806A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1579246A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1232009A (en) |
IE (1) | IE32519B1 (en) |
NL (1) | NL6812605A (en) |
NO (1) | NO129636C (en) |
SE (1) | SE364982B (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1371101A (en) * | 1971-02-03 | 1974-10-23 | Unilever Ltd | Production of detergent compositions |
DE2554497C3 (en) * | 1975-12-04 | 1983-12-08 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Use of partially hydrated sodium tripolyphosphates for the production of washing powders |
EP0009953B1 (en) * | 1978-10-03 | 1983-04-13 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions |
PH15690A (en) | 1979-10-31 | 1983-03-11 | Unilever Nv | Detergent compositions and processes for manufacturing them |
EP0117568B1 (en) * | 1983-01-20 | 1986-10-15 | Unilever N.V. | Particulate detergent composition |
DE3424299A1 (en) * | 1984-07-02 | 1986-01-09 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SPRAY-DRIED NON-ionic DETERGENT |
GB0420356D0 (en) * | 2004-09-13 | 2004-10-13 | Unilever Plc | Detergent compositions and their manufacture |
-
1967
- 1967-09-04 GB GB1232009D patent/GB1232009A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-09-02 CH CH1318668A patent/CH517173A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-09-03 DE DE19681792434 patent/DE1792434B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1968-09-03 AT AT853868A patent/AT329721B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-09-03 NO NO341868A patent/NO129636C/no unknown
- 1968-09-03 FR FR1579246D patent/FR1579246A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-09-03 ES ES357806A patent/ES357806A1/en not_active Expired
- 1968-09-03 SE SE1184968A patent/SE364982B/xx unknown
- 1968-09-03 IE IE106968A patent/IE32519B1/en unknown
- 1968-09-04 NL NL6812605A patent/NL6812605A/xx unknown
- 1968-09-04 BE BE720396D patent/BE720396A/xx not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH517173A (en) | 1971-12-31 |
NL6812605A (en) | 1969-03-06 |
AT329721B (en) | 1976-05-25 |
DE1792434B2 (en) | 1977-09-15 |
SE364982B (en) | 1974-03-11 |
IE32519B1 (en) | 1973-09-05 |
GB1232009A (en) | 1971-05-19 |
BE720396A (en) | 1969-03-04 |
ES357806A1 (en) | 1970-03-16 |
FR1579246A (en) | 1969-08-22 |
DE1792434A1 (en) | 1971-11-18 |
IE32519L (en) | 1969-03-04 |
ATA853868A (en) | 1975-08-15 |
NO129636C (en) | 1976-01-27 |
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