NO128335B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO128335B NO128335B NO04555/71*[A NO455571A NO128335B NO 128335 B NO128335 B NO 128335B NO 455571 A NO455571 A NO 455571A NO 128335 B NO128335 B NO 128335B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- carbon
- blocks
- furnace
- current
- Prior art date
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Av enkeltblokker oppbygget karbonkatode Carbon cathode made up of single blocks
i elektrolyseceller for fremstilling av aluminium. in electrolytic cells for the production of aluminium.
Oppf imelsens gjenstand er aluminiumfremstilling i elektrolyseovner med en katode av karbonblokker av avtrinnet ledningsevne. The object of the invention is aluminum production in electrolytic furnaces with a cathode of carbon blocks of graded conductivity.
Ved aluminiumfremstiilingen ved smelteelektrolyse av i kryolitt oppløst aluminiumoksyd anvendes som bekjent elektrolyseovner hvis bunner består av flere karbonblokker som danner katodene. Ved hjelp av en egnet forbindelsesmasse, f.eks; utbrent elektrodemasse, forbindes disse karbonblokker således med hverandre at det oppstår en for det derover hvilende flytende metall ugjennomtrengelig bunn. De i en ovnsbunn sammenføyde karbonblokker har de samme kjemiske og fysi-kalske egenskaper, således at det hittil kunne sees bor fra en bestemt rekkefølge ved anordning av karbonblokkene. In the production of aluminum by melt electrolysis of aluminum oxide dissolved in cryolite, electrolytic furnaces are used as is known, the bottoms of which consist of several carbon blocks which form the cathodes. By means of a suitable compound, e.g.; burned out electrode mass, these carbon blocks are connected to each other in such a way that a bottom is created that is impermeable to the liquid metal resting above it. The carbon blocks joined together in a furnace bottom have the same chemical and physical properties, so that until now boron could be seen from a specific order when arranging the carbon blocks.
Det har i praktisk élektrolysedrift imid^?tid vist' seg at således sammensatte karbonkatoder har ulemper for ovnsgangen, spesielt ved elektrolyseovner med høye strømstyrker. Således skyter eksempelvis ovnsbunnen opp i området for ovnsmidte, hvilket fører til en nedset-telse av katodearbeidstiden. Også strømytbyttet påvirkes...negativt på grunn av badopplivning på grunn av usymmetrier av magnetfeltene. In practical electrolysis operation, it has recently been shown that carbon cathodes composed in this way have disadvantages for the furnace process, especially in electrolysis furnaces with high currents. Thus, for example, the furnace bottom shoots up in the area of furnace scum, which leads to a reduction in the cathode working time. The current surface exchange is also affected...negatively due to bath excitation due to asymmetries of the magnetic fields.
Det forelå således den; oppgave å utforme katodens oppbygning således at de ovennevnte ulemper unngåes. Løsningen.er,basert på. den erkjennelse, at ved de kjente, av karbonblokker av samme elektriske ledningsevne oppbygde katoder eksisterer et elektrisk motstandsfall fra ovnsmidten (lengdeaksen) til de på siden anordnede strømbortførelser og at derved vil elektrolysestrømmenved inntreden i det flytende katode-aluminiumsjikt bli ført til ovnskarets ytre lengdesider. Det har til følge at elektrolysestrømmen knapt påvirker karbonkatoden i ovnsmidten, imidlertid meget sterkt mot ovnslengdesidene. There was thus the; task to design the structure of the cathode in such a way that the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided. The solution is based on the recognition that with the known cathodes made up of carbon blocks of the same electrical conductivity, there is an electrical resistance drop from the middle of the furnace (longitudinal axis) to the side-arranged current removals and that the electrolytic current will thereby be led to the outer longitudinal sides of the furnace body upon entering the liquid cathode-aluminum layer. The result is that the electrolysis current hardly affects the carbon cathode in the middle of the furnace, but very strongly towards the longitudinal sides of the furnace.
Løsningen består nå i at elektrolysestrømmen utjevnes i-aluminiumelektrolyseovner over karbonkatoder. Strømtettheten har der-med over det samlede katodeområde samme eller omtrent samme verdi. The solution now consists in the electrolysis current being equalized in aluminum electrolysis furnaces over carbon cathodes. The current density therefore has the same or approximately the same value over the total cathode area.
Oppfinnelsen vedrører altså av enkeltblokker oppbygget karbonkatode i elektrolysecelle for fremstilling av aluminium, idet katoden er karakterisert ved at karbonblokker med forskjellig elektrisk ledningsevne er slik anordnet at motstanden av-den sammensatte katode øker i retning av den katodiske strømleder som forbinder katodebarenes ender med strømskinnene. The invention therefore relates to a carbon cathode made up of individual blocks in an electrolysis cell for the production of aluminium, the cathode being characterized by the fact that carbon blocks with different electrical conductivity are arranged in such a way that the resistance of the composite cathode increases in the direction of the cathodic current conductor which connects the ends of the cathode bars to the current rails.
I elektrolyseovner med horisontalt anordnede gjennomgående eller oppdelte katodebarer vil man følgelig anordne karbonblokkene i katoden således at den elektriske motstand av karbonblokkene øker fra katodemidten trinnvis i retning til den katodiske strømbortf ører. An-tallet av karbonblokker og deres motstandskarakteristika retter seg hver'gang etter ovnstype og ovnsstørrelse- og må derfor hver gang ny-beregnes for forskjellige aluminiumelektrolyseovner. In electrolytic furnaces with horizontally arranged continuous or divided cathode bars, the carbon blocks in the cathode will consequently be arranged in such a way that the electrical resistance of the carbon blocks increases step by step from the center of the cathode in the direction of the cathodic current conductor. The number of carbon blocks and their resistance characteristics each time depends on the furnace type and furnace size - and must therefore be recalculated each time for different aluminum electrolysis furnaces.
Oppfinnelsen er nærmere forklårt pa- den skjematiske tegn-ing, hvor The invention is explained in more detail on the schematic drawing, where
fig. 1 viser karbonkatoden av en elektrolyseovn .med 13 katodebarer, fig. 1 shows the carbon cathode of an electrolytic furnace with 13 cathode bars,
"fig. 2 a og b viser oppriss av en katodebarre med påsatte katodeblokker og snitt gjennom en katodeblokk ifølge fig. 1. "fig. 2 a and b show an elevation of a cathode bar with attached cathode blocks and a section through a cathode block according to fig. 1.
På fig. 1 er elektrolyseovnens katodeblokker betegnet med 1, katodebarrene med 2 og karbonblokkene med 3, 4 og 5- Belastes elektrolyseovner med slike tilstilte katoder med strømstyrker på 110.000 A, så innstiller det seg en jevn katodisk strømfordeling når. de spesifikke motstandsverdier gjg ^ og ^qQ av karbonblokkene 5, 4 og 3 ved 9,0, 22,2 og 35,5 flmm2. Referansetallene 6 og 7 antyder den elektriske motstand av jernbarrene mellom katodeblokkene. In fig. 1, the electrolytic furnace's cathode blocks are denoted by 1, the cathode ingots by 2 and the carbon blocks by 3, 4 and 5 - If electrolytic furnaces are loaded with such provided cathodes with currents of 110,000 A, then an even cathodic current distribution is established when. the specific resistance values gjg ^ and ^qQ of the carbon blocks 5, 4 and 3 at 9.0, 22.2 and 35.5 flmm2. Reference numbers 6 and 7 indicate the electrical resistance of the iron bars between the cathode blocks.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19702061263 DE2061263C3 (en) | 1970-12-12 | Aluminum production in an electrolysis furnace by fused-salt electrolysis with a cathode made of carbon blocks of graded conductivity |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO128335B true NO128335B (en) | 1973-10-29 |
Family
ID=5790788
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO04555/71*[A NO128335B (en) | 1970-12-12 | 1971-12-10 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3787311A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5539630B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA968744A (en) |
FR (1) | FR2117960B1 (en) |
IT (1) | IT940400B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7117021A (en) |
NO (1) | NO128335B (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4001104A (en) * | 1974-01-03 | 1977-01-04 | Union Carbide Corporation | Cemented collector bar assemblies for aluminum cell carbon bottom block |
CH620948A5 (en) * | 1976-05-13 | 1980-12-31 | Alusuisse | |
US4194959A (en) * | 1977-11-23 | 1980-03-25 | Alcan Research And Development Limited | Electrolytic reduction cells |
FR2566002B1 (en) * | 1984-06-13 | 1986-11-21 | Pechiney Aluminium | MODULAR CATHODE BLOCK AND LOW VOLTAGE DROP CATHODE FOR HALL-HEROULT ELECTROLYSIS TANKS |
NO157462C (en) * | 1985-10-24 | 1988-03-23 | Hydro Aluminium As | LAMINATED CARBON CATHOD FOR CELLS-MELT-ELECTROLYTIC ALUMINUM PREPARATION. |
FR2789091B1 (en) | 1999-02-02 | 2001-03-09 | Carbone Savoie | GRAPHITE CATHODE FOR ALUMINUM ELECTROLYSIS |
EP1233083A1 (en) * | 2001-02-14 | 2002-08-21 | Alcan Technology & Management AG | Carbon bottom of electrolysis cell used in the production of aluminum |
DE10164011C1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-05-08 | Sgl Carbon Ag | Process, for graphitizing cathode blocks, involves arranging the blocks in a longitudinal graphitizing furnace, maintaining the a lowest possible distance between the surfaces of the blocks, and passing a current between the blocks |
DE10164014C1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-05-22 | Sgl Carbon Ag | Process for graphitizing cathode blocks comprises arranging cathode blocks in a longitudinal graphitizing oven so that the conducting joint between the individual blocks are produced by a conducting contact body |
DE10164013C1 (en) * | 2001-12-28 | 2003-04-03 | Sgl Carbon Ag | Longitudinal graphitization of cathode blocks for electrolytic production of aluminum comprises arranging blocks with gap between their ends, conductive moldings being placed between blocks |
NO2650404T3 (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2018-06-09 | ||
CN104451777A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2015-03-25 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Collocation method of anode on electrolytic bath |
NO20141572A1 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2016-06-24 | Norsk Hydro As | A modified electrolytic cell and a method for modifying the same |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2728109A (en) * | 1952-06-06 | 1955-12-27 | Savoie Electrodes Refract | Method of making cathodic electrodes for electrolysis furnaces |
US2786024A (en) * | 1953-04-16 | 1957-03-19 | Elektrokemisk As | Arrangement of cathode bars in electrolytic pots |
US3582483A (en) * | 1962-06-29 | 1971-06-01 | Elektrokemisk As | Process for electrolytically producing aluminum |
DE1187809B (en) * | 1963-11-22 | 1965-02-25 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Electrolysis cell for the production of aluminum by melt flow electrolysis |
US3385778A (en) * | 1964-10-21 | 1968-05-28 | Aluminum Co Of America | Current collecting method and apparatus for aluminum reduction cells |
US3514520A (en) * | 1967-02-01 | 1970-05-26 | Montedison Spa | Linings of electrolysis,remelting,and similar furnaces,containing molten metals,alone or together with molten salts |
-
1971
- 1971-12-08 CA CA129,627A patent/CA968744A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-12-09 FR FR7144149A patent/FR2117960B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-12-09 IT IT13083/71A patent/IT940400B/en active
- 1971-12-10 NL NL7117021A patent/NL7117021A/xx unknown
- 1971-12-10 NO NO04555/71*[A patent/NO128335B/no unknown
- 1971-12-13 JP JP10095071A patent/JPS5539630B1/ja active Pending
- 1971-12-13 US US00207457A patent/US3787311A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL7117021A (en) | 1972-06-14 |
US3787311A (en) | 1974-01-22 |
IT940400B (en) | 1973-02-10 |
CA968744A (en) | 1975-06-03 |
DE2061263B2 (en) | 1975-06-26 |
JPS5539630B1 (en) | 1980-10-13 |
FR2117960B1 (en) | 1974-11-15 |
FR2117960A1 (en) | 1972-07-28 |
DE2061263A1 (en) | 1972-06-29 |
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