NO123105B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO123105B NO123105B NO1200/69A NO120069A NO123105B NO 123105 B NO123105 B NO 123105B NO 1200/69 A NO1200/69 A NO 1200/69A NO 120069 A NO120069 A NO 120069A NO 123105 B NO123105 B NO 123105B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- flux
- aluminum
- metal
- chloride
- chlorination
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 28
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Inorganic materials [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 2
- 229910001515 alkali metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011147 magnesium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical class O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001610 cryolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910020549 KCl—NaCl Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZSFZQNSWHYVSDP-UHFFFAOYSA-G dialuminum;sodium;heptachloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-] ZSFZQNSWHYVSDP-UHFFFAOYSA-G 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/064—Obtaining aluminium refining using inert or reactive gases
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1364368 | 1968-03-21 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO123105B true NO123105B (fr) | 1971-09-27 |
Family
ID=10026773
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO1200/69A NO123105B (fr) | 1968-03-21 | 1969-03-21 |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3650730A (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS537365B1 (fr) |
| BE (1) | BE730032A (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR6907439D0 (fr) |
| CH (1) | CH525960A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE1912887C3 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES365009A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2004373A1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB1252741A (fr) |
| NL (1) | NL6904270A (fr) |
| NO (1) | NO123105B (fr) |
| OA (1) | OA03024A (fr) |
| RO (1) | RO54788A (fr) |
Families Citing this family (57)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3770420A (en) * | 1971-07-29 | 1973-11-06 | Aluminum Co Of America | Melting aluminum under special flow conditions |
| US3767382A (en) * | 1971-11-04 | 1973-10-23 | Aluminum Co Of America | Treatment of molten aluminum with an impeller |
| US3849119A (en) * | 1971-11-04 | 1974-11-19 | Aluminum Co Of America | Treatment of molten aluminum with an impeller |
| US4003738A (en) * | 1972-04-03 | 1977-01-18 | Ethyl Corporation | Method of purifying aluminum |
| US3854934A (en) * | 1973-06-18 | 1974-12-17 | Alusuisse | Purification of molten aluminum and alloys |
| US3955970A (en) * | 1974-04-08 | 1976-05-11 | Aluminum Company Of America | Continuous melting of aluminum scrap |
| CH599979A5 (fr) * | 1976-12-21 | 1978-06-15 | Alusuisse | |
| US4288246A (en) * | 1979-12-26 | 1981-09-08 | Outboard Marine Corporation | Separation of aluminum from articles composed of aluminum bonded to ferrous metal |
| US4373704A (en) * | 1980-06-12 | 1983-02-15 | Union Carbide Corporation | Apparatus for refining molten metal |
| US4501614A (en) * | 1981-12-08 | 1985-02-26 | American Can Company | Flux in recovery of aluminum in reverberatory furnace and method of making |
| US4451287A (en) * | 1981-12-08 | 1984-05-29 | American Can Company | Flux in recovery of aluminum in reverberatory furnace |
| US4392888A (en) * | 1982-01-07 | 1983-07-12 | Aluminum Company Of America | Metal treatment system |
| US4525212A (en) * | 1983-12-22 | 1985-06-25 | General Motors Corporation | Decontamination of aluminum by chlorination |
| JPH032334A (ja) * | 1989-05-29 | 1991-01-08 | Meichiyuu Seiki Kk | 金属溶解保持炉 |
| US5662725A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1997-09-02 | Cooper; Paul V. | System and device for removing impurities from molten metal |
| US5944496A (en) | 1996-12-03 | 1999-08-31 | Cooper; Paul V. | Molten metal pump with a flexible coupling and cement-free metal-transfer conduit connection |
| US5951243A (en) * | 1997-07-03 | 1999-09-14 | Cooper; Paul V. | Rotor bearing system for molten metal pumps |
| US6027685A (en) * | 1997-10-15 | 2000-02-22 | Cooper; Paul V. | Flow-directing device for molten metal pump |
| US6093000A (en) | 1998-08-11 | 2000-07-25 | Cooper; Paul V | Molten metal pump with monolithic rotor |
| DE19857788A1 (de) * | 1998-12-15 | 2000-06-21 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellugn von Salzschmelzen mit einem Extruder und deren Verwendung |
| US6303074B1 (en) | 1999-05-14 | 2001-10-16 | Paul V. Cooper | Mixed flow rotor for molten metal pumping device |
| US6689310B1 (en) | 2000-05-12 | 2004-02-10 | Paul V. Cooper | Molten metal degassing device and impellers therefor |
| US6723276B1 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2004-04-20 | Paul V. Cooper | Scrap melter and impeller |
| US7507367B2 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2009-03-24 | Cooper Paul V | Protective coatings for molten metal devices |
| US7402276B2 (en) | 2003-07-14 | 2008-07-22 | Cooper Paul V | Pump with rotating inlet |
| US20050013715A1 (en) * | 2003-07-14 | 2005-01-20 | Cooper Paul V. | System for releasing gas into molten metal |
| US7470392B2 (en) | 2003-07-14 | 2008-12-30 | Cooper Paul V | Molten metal pump components |
| US7731891B2 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2010-06-08 | Cooper Paul V | Couplings for molten metal devices |
| US20070253807A1 (en) | 2006-04-28 | 2007-11-01 | Cooper Paul V | Gas-transfer foot |
| US7906068B2 (en) | 2003-07-14 | 2011-03-15 | Cooper Paul V | Support post system for molten metal pump |
| US9205490B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2015-12-08 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Transfer well system and method for making same |
| US8337746B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2012-12-25 | Cooper Paul V | Transferring molten metal from one structure to another |
| US9409232B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2016-08-09 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Molten metal transfer vessel and method of construction |
| US8613884B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2013-12-24 | Paul V. Cooper | Launder transfer insert and system |
| US9643247B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2017-05-09 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Molten metal transfer and degassing system |
| US8366993B2 (en) * | 2007-06-21 | 2013-02-05 | Cooper Paul V | System and method for degassing molten metal |
| US9156087B2 (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2015-10-13 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Molten metal transfer system and rotor |
| US9410744B2 (en) | 2010-05-12 | 2016-08-09 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Vessel transfer insert and system |
| US7858020B2 (en) * | 2008-03-14 | 2010-12-28 | Thut Bruno H | Molten metal flow powered degassing device |
| US7988763B2 (en) * | 2009-06-08 | 2011-08-02 | Pyrotek Inc. | Use of a binary salt flux of NaCl and MgCl2 for the purification of aluminium or aluminium alloys, and method thereof |
| US8535603B2 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2013-09-17 | Paul V. Cooper | Rotary degasser and rotor therefor |
| US10428821B2 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2019-10-01 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Quick submergence molten metal pump |
| US8524146B2 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2013-09-03 | Paul V. Cooper | Rotary degassers and components therefor |
| US8449814B2 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2013-05-28 | Paul V. Cooper | Systems and methods for melting scrap metal |
| US8444911B2 (en) | 2009-08-07 | 2013-05-21 | Paul V. Cooper | Shaft and post tensioning device |
| US8714914B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 | 2014-05-06 | Paul V. Cooper | Molten metal pump filter |
| US9108244B2 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2015-08-18 | Paul V. Cooper | Immersion heater for molten metal |
| US9903383B2 (en) | 2013-03-13 | 2018-02-27 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Molten metal rotor with hardened top |
| US9011761B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-04-21 | Paul V. Cooper | Ladle with transfer conduit |
| US10052688B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-08-21 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Transfer pump launder system |
| US10138892B2 (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2018-11-27 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Rotor and rotor shaft for molten metal |
| US10947980B2 (en) | 2015-02-02 | 2021-03-16 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Molten metal rotor with hardened blade tips |
| US10267314B2 (en) | 2016-01-13 | 2019-04-23 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Tensioned support shaft and other molten metal devices |
| IT201700074924A1 (it) * | 2017-07-04 | 2019-01-04 | Foundry Ecocer S R L | Flusso fondente per la scorifica del metallo fuso. |
| US11149747B2 (en) | 2017-11-17 | 2021-10-19 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Tensioned support post and other molten metal devices |
| US11858036B2 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2024-01-02 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | System and method to feed mold with molten metal |
| US11873845B2 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2024-01-16 | Molten Metal Equipment Innovations, Llc | Molten metal transfer device |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1848797A (en) * | 1932-03-08 | Aladar pacz | ||
| CA562590A (fr) * | 1958-09-02 | L. Lavelle Donald | Procede pour l'enlevement de magnesium de l'aluminium | |
| US1950967A (en) * | 1931-05-20 | 1934-03-13 | Nat Smelting Co | Preparation of aluminum alloys |
| US2056233A (en) * | 1935-01-10 | 1936-10-06 | Aluminum Co Of America | Degassing molten aluminum and its alloys |
| US2195217A (en) * | 1938-06-17 | 1940-03-26 | Us Reduction Co | Process of reducing magnesium content of aluminum-base alloys |
| US2840463A (en) * | 1954-05-13 | 1958-06-24 | Aluminum Co Of America | Degassing and purifying molten aluminous metal |
| US3025154A (en) * | 1959-08-31 | 1962-03-13 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of degassing melt of light metal |
| US3194695A (en) * | 1960-05-24 | 1965-07-13 | Yanagawa Rikizo | Degassing and deoxygenating agent for use in casting an aluminium alloy |
-
1968
- 1968-03-20 ES ES365009A patent/ES365009A1/es not_active Expired
- 1968-03-21 GB GB1364368A patent/GB1252741A/en not_active Expired
-
1969
- 1969-03-02 BR BR207439/69A patent/BR6907439D0/pt unknown
- 1969-03-13 DE DE1912887A patent/DE1912887C3/de not_active Expired
- 1969-03-17 FR FR6907579A patent/FR2004373A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1969-03-18 BE BE730032D patent/BE730032A/xx unknown
- 1969-03-20 NL NL6904270A patent/NL6904270A/xx unknown
- 1969-03-20 CH CH425569A patent/CH525960A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1969-03-21 RO RO59450A patent/RO54788A/ro unknown
- 1969-03-21 NO NO1200/69A patent/NO123105B/no unknown
- 1969-03-21 OA OA53553A patent/OA03024A/fr unknown
- 1969-03-21 US US810086A patent/US3650730A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-03-22 JP JP2129769A patent/JPS537365B1/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| RO54788A (fr) | 1973-01-20 |
| OA03024A (fr) | 1970-12-15 |
| NL6904270A (fr) | 1969-09-23 |
| FR2004373A1 (fr) | 1969-11-21 |
| BR6907439D0 (pt) | 1973-01-02 |
| DE1912887C3 (de) | 1979-01-04 |
| GB1252741A (fr) | 1971-11-10 |
| JPS537365B1 (fr) | 1978-03-17 |
| ES365009A1 (es) | 1971-01-16 |
| BE730032A (fr) | 1969-09-01 |
| DE1912887B2 (de) | 1978-04-20 |
| US3650730A (en) | 1972-03-21 |
| DE1912887A1 (de) | 1969-10-09 |
| CH525960A (de) | 1972-07-31 |
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