NO123030B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO123030B NO123030B NO3300/68A NO330068A NO123030B NO 123030 B NO123030 B NO 123030B NO 3300/68 A NO3300/68 A NO 3300/68A NO 330068 A NO330068 A NO 330068A NO 123030 B NO123030 B NO 123030B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- oleophilic
- graphite
- load
- compounds
- additive
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 straight or branched Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QHMGJGNTMQDRQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dotriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC QHMGJGNTMQDRQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(S)=O RYYWUUFWQRZTIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- KIWUVOGUEXMXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodanine Chemical compound O=C1CSC(=S)N1 KIWUVOGUEXMXSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- RJKGJBPXVHTNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-nitronaphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 RJKGJBPXVHTNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 1-oleoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO RZRNAYUHWVFMIP-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKZQKPRCPNGNFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-hydroxyphenyl)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)O)=C1 XKZQKPRCPNGNFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILPBINAXDRFYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-octene Chemical compound CCCCCC=CC ILPBINAXDRFYPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVMGFFQOSGJMRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(2-ethylhexyldisulfanyl)methyl]heptane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CSSCC(CC)CCCC WVMGFFQOSGJMRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical class CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUDSBWGCGSUXDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl disulfide Chemical compound CCCCSSCCCC CUDSBWGCGSUXDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isooctane Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)(C)C NHTMVDHEPJAVLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioleoylglycerol Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JANFYGSUUHUXRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [W](=S)=S.[Mo](=S)=S Chemical compound [W](=S)=S.[Mo](=S)=S JANFYGSUUHUXRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPMZYXFIYIWNDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [[amino(phenyl)methyl]disulfanyl]-phenylmethanamine Chemical compound NC(C1=CC=CC=C1)SSC(C1=CC=CC=C1)N HPMZYXFIYIWNDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004832 aryl thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- HDFRDWFLWVCOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonothioic O,S-acid Chemical compound OC(S)=O HDFRDWFLWVCOGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004803 chlorobenzyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003997 cyclic ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CSSCC1=CC=CC=C1 GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002168 ethanoic acid esters Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(2+);naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Pb+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 GIWKOZXJDKMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010688 mineral lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005181 nitrobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002927 oxygen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008298 phosphoramidates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940084106 spermaceti Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012177 spermaceti Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003558 thiocarbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ALRFTTOJSPMYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin disulfide Chemical compound S=[Sn]=S ALRFTTOJSPMYSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
- B02C23/06—Selection or use of additives to aid disintegrating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
- C10M2207/16—Naphthenic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only
- C10M2211/022—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only aliphatic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/06—Perfluorinated compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2211/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing halogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2211/08—Halogenated waxes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/20—Containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- C10M2215/202—Containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds containing nitro groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/26—Amines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/02—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds
- C10M2219/022—Sulfur-containing compounds obtained by sulfurisation with sulfur or sulfur-containing compounds of hydrocarbons, e.g. olefines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/06—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof
- C10M2219/062—Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof having carbon-to-sulfur double bonds
- C10M2219/066—Thiocarbamic type compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/085—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/086—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing sulfur atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/08—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals
- C10M2219/082—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2219/087—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof, e.g. sulfurised phenols
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Description
Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av oleofilisk grafitt eller
et oleofilisk metallsulfid.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrorer en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av oleofilisk grafitt eller et oleofilisk metallsulfid.
Oleofilisk grafitt har en adsorbsjonsvarme for n-dotriakontan fra n-heptan på minst 700 millikalorier per gram og en adsorbsjonsvarme for n-butanol fra n-heptan på mindre enn 200 millikalorier per gram.
Oleofiliske metallsulfider har et forhold mellom adsorbsjonsvarmen for n-dotriakontan fra n-heptan og adsorbsjonsvarmen for n-butanol fra n-heptan på minst 1:2 fortrinnsvis minst 1:1 og helst minst 2:1.
Oleofilisk grafitt er beskrevet i britiske patenter nr.
1 168 785 og nr. 1 l80 554 samt i belgisk patent nr. 711 146 og frem- stilles ved å male naturlig eller syntetisk grafitt i en organisk væske med lavt kokepunkt, lav viskositet og lav overflatespenning,! vesentlig fravær av luft.
Tilfredsstillende produkter kan oppnåes ved maling i de fleste organiske væsker, men det er onskelig å benytte en væske hvorav meste-parten lett kan fjernes fra den oleofiliske grafitt. n e væsker som destillerer under 500°C og som har en viskositet under 600 centistoke ved 38°G er derfor foretrukket. Væsker med en overflatespenning under 72 dyne/cm, fortrinnsvis fra 10 til 4-0 dyne/cm ved 25°C er foretrukket.
Fgnede organiske væsker er hydrokarboner med lav molekyl vekt, inkludert rettkjedede eller forgrenede, mettede eller umettede alifatiske forbindelser, mettede eller umettede, substituerte eller usubstituerte cykloalkylforbindelser og substituerte eller usubstituerte aromatiske forbindelser. Eksempler på slike forbindelser er n-heptan, okten-2, 2,2,4-trimetylpentan, cykloheksan, benzen eller toluen. Forgrenede alifatiske forbindelser er spesielt foretrukket. Andre egnede organiske væsker er de forbindelser som inneholder fluor, klor eller fosfor og klor, f.eks. karbontetraklorid.
Andre egnede organiske væsker er polare oksygenforbindelser slik som isopropylalkohol. Flytende silikoner kan også anvendes.
For oppnåelse av de beste resultater bor grafittmengden i blandingen av grafitt og organisk væske ikke overskride 50 vektprosent, og fortrinnsvis bor den være fra 2 til 20 vektprosent.
'Malingen kan utfores i en hvilken som helst egnet maleanord-ning og det er onskelig å fortsette malingen inntil det oppnåes en oleofilisk grafitt med en overflatestorrelse f bestemt ved nitrogen-adsorbsjon) på fra 20 til 800, fortrinnsvis fra 30 til 200 m 2/g. Dette kan i alminnelighet oppnåes ved maling ved normale temperaturer i det nødvendige tidsrom, men temperaturen på blandingen kan om onsket okes ved oppvarming til f.eks. ^. 00°C. I dette tilfelle kan væsker med viskositeter opp til 600 centistoke ved 38°C anvendes, f.eks. mineral-smoreoljer varierende fra spindeloljer til lyse oljer.
En av de raskeste og mest effektive teknikker er å foreta maling i en vibrasjons-kulemolle. Mollen har fortrinnsvis en vibra-sjonsamplitude på minst 2 mm og en frekvens på minst 1500 cykler per minutt. Det er viktig å ekskludere luft så langt som mulig under
selve malingen.
Ved bruk av en kulemolle er det naturligvis onskelig å anvende kuler laget av et materiale som ikke reagerer med grafitten og som ikke slites nevneverdig under malingen. Vibrasjons-kulemoller inneholder vanligvis stålkuler og disse er egnet for foreliggende formål. Det foretrekkes å benytte stålkuler av hoy hardhetsgrad.
F,t magnetisk filter kan brukes for å fjerne små ferropartikler fra oppslemmingen. Et sirkulasjonssystem kan også anvendes hvori oppslemmingen pumpes gjennom et utvendig magnetisk filter og deretter returneres til mollen.
Oppslemmingen av oleofilisk grafitt kan separeres fra kulene ved sikting eller fortrengning av en annen væske og deretter sikting.
Hvis en organisk væske med relativt hoyt kokepunkt benyttes for malingen, er det foretrukket å fortrenge denne væske med en lavere kokende væske. Denne væske kan deretter fjernes ved koking fra oppslemmingen. Det foretrekkes å anvende kraftig koking.
Det. er også mulig å filtrere oppslemmingen for å oppnå en filterkake av oleofilisk grafitt.
I hvert av tilfellene er det foretrukket å fjerne de siste spor av opplosningsmiddel ved oppvarming av filterkaken i en vakuum-ovn i flere timer, f.eks. ved 100°C og ved 1 mm Hg.
Når den oleofiliske grafitt skal anvendes som et fortyknings-middel i smorefett, foretrekkes de malebetingelser som er beskrevet i fransk patent nr. 1 572 334» nisse betingelser består i en kontinuer-lig eller halvkontinuerlig fremgangsmåte hvor en malevæske og/eller en mineral- eller syntetisk basisolje og de materialer som skal males fores gjennom mollen og den resulterende oppslemming fores gjennom et magnetisk filter for den fores til ytterligere behandlingstrinn. Oleofiliske metallsulfider. er beskrevet i.britisk patent nr. 1 l80 554 °g fransk patent nr. 1 559 939 > °g omfatter molybdendisulfid wolframdisulfid og tinndisulfid. Fremgangsmåten til fremstilling av oleofiliske metallsulfider er i alt vesentlig den samme som beskrevet ovenfor under henvisning til oleofilisk grafitt.
Oleofiliske forbindelser har smorende egenskaper og kan anvendes i smorefett, dispersjoner og faste sammensetninger.. Det er viktig ved anvendelse av oleofiliske forbindelser at de ikke bor inne-holde noen urenheter av hard eller flytende natur.
Når oleofiliske forbindelser er fremstilt ved maling i en vibrasjonsmolle ved bruk av harde stålkuler i et kammer av blott stål, er det funnet at det foreligger en viss tendens for små ferropartikler å bli blandet med den fremstilte oleofiliske forbindelse. Tilstede-værelsen av avslitte partikler i den oleofiliske forbindelse er natur ligvis uonsket og problemet har blitt behandlet ved bruk av herdede stålkuler og et settherdet malekammer. Magnetisk filtrering kan også anvendes.
Det er nå funnet at tilsetningen av et belastningsbærende additiv for smoremidler til malemediet, som anvendes ved fremstillingen av oleofiliske materialer, reduserer mengden av avslitte bruddstykker i det oleofiliske materialet.
Ifolge oppfinnelsen er det tilveiebragt en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av en oleofilisk grafitt eller et oleofilisk metallsulfid, hvor grafitten eller metallsulfidet males i en organisk malevæske til en overflatestorrelse på minst 20 m /g, kjennetegnet ved at malingen foregår i nærvær av et belastningsbærende additiv.
Belastningsbærende additiver er velkjente additiver anvendt
i smoremiddelblandinger. Heres funksjon er å forbedre smoremiddél-blandingens anti-slitasjeegenskaper og/eller egneskaper ved ekstreme trykk, dvs. å redusere slitasjeomfanget og å hindre sammenbrenning av legemer som smores av smoreoljeblandinger.
De organiske belastningsbærende additiver som kan anvendes i foreliggende oppfinnelse omfatter forbindelser inneholdende elementer fra gruppene VB, VIB eller VTTB i det periodiske system og spesielt fosfor, svovel eller et halogen.
Eksempler på egnede additiver er organiske klorholdige forbindelser slik som klorerte hydrokarboner med lav molekylvekt, fortrinnsvis de inneholdende fra 1-4 karbonatomer, f.eks. karbontetraklorid; klorbenzylestere av alkylxantinsyrer og av tiosyrer slik som tiokarbonsyre; og klorerte hydrokarbonvokser.
Andre egnede belastningsbærende additiver er kovalente svovel-holdige forbindelser slik som difenolpolysulfidene, f.eks. di-(4-hydroksyfenollpolysulfid; alkyl og aryltioetere; alkyl og aryltio-karbonater og tiokarbamater; svovel-substituerte karboksylsyreestere f.eks. eddiksyreestere substituert i a-stilling med svovel; sulfurerte polymerer f.eks. sulfurert butadien-l,3/styren sampolymerisat; reak-sjonsproduktet av svovel og polyalkylenglykoler; alkyldisulfider f. eks. di-n-butyldisulfid og di-(2-etylheksyl)disulfid; og di-aryldi-sulfider f.eks. di-benzyldisulfid og di-(aminobenzyl)disulfid.
Videre eksempler på egnede belastningsbærende additiver er fosfosulfurerte organiske forbindelser. Typiske organiske materialer som kan fosfosulfureres omfatter oksygenholdige vokser; klorerte fen-oler; voksholdige estere; cykliske ketoner; hydrogenert spermasett- olje; estere av umettede syrer, f.eks. glykol og glyceryloleater; og abietinsyreestere.
Ytterligere egnede belastningsbærende additiver er organiske forbindelser inneholdende fosfat eller tiofosfatgrupper slik som tri-aromatiske fosfater f.eks. tricresylfosfat; trialkylfosfater slik som tributylfosfat; og metalldialkylditiofosfater slik som zinkdialkyldi-tiofosfåtene.
Organo-metalliske forbindelser slik som organo-tinn-ditio-fosfater og blynaftenat kan også benyttes som belastningsbærende additiver.
Forbindelser inneholdende nitrogen som kan anvendes omfatter fosforamidater f.eks. de som er beskrevet i britisk patent nr. 899 101, nitrobenzener, nitronaftalener, aminofosfater, tetraalkylammoniumfos-fater og tiofosfater, og rhodanin og rhodanin-derivater.
Fremgangsmåten til fremstilling av oleofiliske forbindelser ifolge foreliggende oppfinnelse er særlig egnet ved fremstilling av oleofiliske forbindelser som skal anvendes som fortykningsmidler i smorefett. Denne anvendelse av oleofiliske forbindelser er beskrevet i britiske patenter nr. 1 168 284, nr. 1 162 222, nr. 1 l80 554 og nr.
1 186 671, samt i franske patenter nr. 1 559 939 og nr. 1 572 .334.
De belastningsbærende additiver som anvendes i foreliggende oppfinnelse kan tilsettes til malemediet i en mengde på opp til 100 vektprosent og fortrinnsvis fra 5 til 50 vektprosent, basert på vekten av oleofilisk materiale. Additivet kan velges slik at dets egenskaper er spesielt egnet for den bruk som'det oleofiliske materialet er til-tenkt. Når f.eks. det oleofiliske materialet skal anvendes som et for-tykningsmiddel i smorefett, foretrekkes zinkditiofosfater som additiver fordi de har anti-korrosjons- og anti-oksydasjonsegenskaper i tillegg til deres belastningsbærende egenskaper.
Eksempel
Virkningen av å male grafitt i en petroleumeter (kokeområde 70° - 90°C) i nærvær -av et belastningsbærende additiv, er vist i fSig-ende tabell.
Den benyttede molle var en VM25 vibrasjonsmdlle, malingen ble utfort i 8 timer og malekammeret av blott stål og settherdet stål ble benyttet. Vibrasjonsamplityden var 4 mm°g vibrasjonsfrekvensen 3000 cykler per minutt.
Oppslemmingen ble sirkulert gjennom et magnetisk filter i alle tilfellene.
Additiv A er et kommersielt zinkdialkylditiofosfat som selges under varemerket "Lubrizol 1097" og additiv B er en klorert parafin solgt under varemerket "Ceroclor 4-2"• 13 vektprosent av additiv A basert på vekten av grafitt ble benyttet og 33 vektprosent av additiv B basert på vekten av grafitt ble benyttet.
Claims (5)
1. Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av oleofilisk grafitt eller et oleofilisk metallsulfid, hvtfr grafitten eller metallsulfidet males i en organisk væske til en overflatestorrelse på minst 20 m 2/g,karakterisert vedat malingen foregår i nærvær av et belastningsbærende additiv.
2. Fremgangsmåte ifolge krav 1,karakterisertved at det belastningsbærende additiv inneholder svovel og/eller fosfor.
3. Fremgangsmåte ifolge krav 2,karakterisertved at additivet er et metallditiofosfat.
4. Fremgangsmåte ifSlge krav 3,karakterisertved at additivet er et zinkdialkylditiofosfat.
5. ' Fremgangsmåte ifolge krav 1-4»karakterisertved at det belastningsbærende additiv inneholder klor.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB40445/67A GB1223562A (en) | 1967-09-05 | 1967-09-05 | Improved method of preparing oleophilic compounds |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO123030B true NO123030B (no) | 1971-09-20 |
Family
ID=10414932
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO3300/68A NO123030B (no) | 1967-09-05 | 1968-08-22 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US3525692A (no) |
AT (1) | AT285787B (no) |
BE (1) | BE720442A (no) |
CH (1) | CH509940A (no) |
DE (1) | DE1792443A1 (no) |
FR (1) | FR1604254A (no) |
GB (1) | GB1223562A (no) |
IE (1) | IE32375B1 (no) |
NL (1) | NL6812366A (no) |
NO (1) | NO123030B (no) |
SE (1) | SE343876B (no) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH668265A5 (de) * | 1985-09-09 | 1988-12-15 | Lonza Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von schmierwirkstoffen in pulvriger bis pastoeser form. |
CH669129A5 (de) * | 1986-04-04 | 1989-02-28 | Lonza Ag | Schmierstoffsystem fuer blech- und profilwalzwerke. |
US5271854A (en) * | 1986-09-23 | 1993-12-21 | Lonza Ltd. | High temperature lubricant containing carboxylated styrene-butadiene latex |
CH674164A5 (no) * | 1987-09-29 | 1990-05-15 | Lonza Ag | |
CH674096A5 (no) * | 1988-01-19 | 1990-04-30 | Lonza Ag | |
CH674477A5 (no) * | 1988-03-30 | 1990-06-15 | Lonza Ag | |
US5099667A (en) * | 1989-06-16 | 1992-03-31 | Lonza Ltd. | System for suspending and applying solid lubricants to tools or work pieces |
ATE111379T1 (de) * | 1990-03-26 | 1994-09-15 | Lonza Ag | Verfahren und einrichtung zum intervallweisen versprühen einer schmiermittel-suspension. |
US8283296B2 (en) * | 2006-10-11 | 2012-10-09 | Henkel Ag & Co., Kgaa | Lubricant for hot forging applications |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1180554A (en) * | 1966-03-22 | 1970-02-04 | British Petroleum Co | Improvements in Lubricating Compositions |
-
1967
- 1967-09-05 GB GB40445/67A patent/GB1223562A/en not_active Expired
-
1968
- 1968-08-16 IE IE1008/68A patent/IE32375B1/xx unknown
- 1968-08-20 US US753866A patent/US3525692A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1968-08-22 NO NO3300/68A patent/NO123030B/no unknown
- 1968-08-23 SE SE11363/68A patent/SE343876B/xx unknown
- 1968-08-29 FR FR1604254D patent/FR1604254A/fr not_active Expired
- 1968-08-30 NL NL6812366A patent/NL6812366A/xx unknown
- 1968-09-04 DE DE19681792443 patent/DE1792443A1/de active Pending
- 1968-09-05 BE BE720442D patent/BE720442A/xx unknown
- 1968-09-05 CH CH1331868A patent/CH509940A/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1968-09-05 AT AT861268A patent/AT285787B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1223562A (en) | 1971-02-24 |
AT285787B (de) | 1970-11-10 |
US3525692A (en) | 1970-08-25 |
IE32375L (en) | 1969-03-05 |
FR1604254A (no) | 1971-10-11 |
SE343876B (no) | 1972-03-20 |
DE1792443A1 (de) | 1971-11-11 |
IE32375B1 (en) | 1973-07-11 |
BE720442A (no) | 1969-03-05 |
CH509940A (de) | 1971-07-15 |
NL6812366A (no) | 1969-03-07 |
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