US2147578A - Sulphurized lubricant - Google Patents

Description

Patented Feb. 14, 1939 PATENT OFFICE 2.147.578 suLrmmrznn LUBRICANT Waldersee B. Hendrey, Beacon, N. Y., assignor to The Texas Company, corporation 01' Delaware New Iforir, N. Y., a

No Drawing. Application January 30, 1936, Serial No. 61,546

5 Claims. (Cl. 311-9) This invention relates to improvements in sulphurized lubricating oil compositions and has to do particularly with the manufacture of stable sulphurized lubricants adapted for use as cutting oils and extreme pressure lubricants.

i In accordance with the invention, an aromatic compound of condensed ring nucleus is treated with sulfur to form a sulphur base and the resulting product is then incorporated into a lubricating oil. I prefer to use a hydrocarbon of condensed, aromatic ring nucleus, such as naphthalene, anthracene, although other multiple ring compounds, such as diphenyl and diphenyl oxide or mixtures thereof, may be used. A

sulphur base is prepared by heating the aromatic compound and sulphur to sufliciently high temperature 'to effect chemical combination as distinguished from mere solution, and temperatures around 400-450" F. are .usually necessary although somewhat lower or somewhat higher temperatures may often be desirable. It is also advantageous to use a superatmospheric pressure of the order of 25 to 100 pounds, preferably around 50 pounds per square inch.

The following example-is given as an illustration of one method of operation: three parts by weight of naphthalene and one part of sulphur were placed in a pressure vessel and heated for three hours at about 420-440 F., the maximum temperature was around 465 F. and the minimum temperature around 350 F.; pressure was maintained at about 10-35 pounds with an average around 25 pounds. The product was a grayish colored crystalline solid which melts at a relatively low temperature.

The product prepared, as described above, was admixed with 500 viscosity pale oil to form a 5% solution of a sulphur base and oil. The tests on the oil before and after the addition of the sulphur base, were as follows:

I Pale oil 57 Tests Pale oil sum" g Viscosity SayboltUniversal at 100 F 630 365 Viscosity kinematic at 100 F Viscosity Saybolt Universal at 210 F- 52. 5 48. 4 Viscosity kinematic at 210 F 6. 9 Gravity, A. P. I .4... 19. l Perccnt'sulphur 0. 37 1.65 Extreme pressure test 18 pounds 150 pounds Thesulphur base may also be dissolved in a light pale oil of about 80-100 viscosity at 100 F. in sumcient amount to give the oil a'sulphur content of about 1 5% to produce a satisfactory cutting oil. p I

made on a special machine and consisted essen- An advantage of the sulphurized lubricants prepared in accordance with the present invention,'is that they are highly stable, of good color and precipitate little sludge or sulphur on standing. This stability is believed to be due to the 5 chemical combination of the sulphur and aromatic compound.

Instead of lubricating oils of the-viscosity recited above, it is to be understood that oils of any viscosity suitable for use as cutting oils and 10 extreme pressure lubricants come within the a scope of the invention. Also any desired amounts of the sulphur base may be admixed with the lu brlcating oil to give a sulphur content which is well known or preferred in the art for such products; for example, in the case of extreme pressure gear lubricants, heavy oils in the neighborhood of 100-200 Saybolt Universal viscosity at 1 210 F., may be used.

The extreme pressure test referred to above was tially in the measurement of the breakdown of the film of 011 between the surface of a steel ball and a steel ring when the ball is travelling at the rate of about 600 feet per minute. 25

Obviously many modifications and variations of the above invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope thereof and only such limitations should be imposed as are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A lubricant comprising lubricating oil and the product obtained by reacting a hydrocarbon of condensed aromatic ring nucleus with sulphur at temperatures of about 400 to 450 F. for sufficient time to effect chemical combination between said hydrocarbon and the sulphur, said productbeing present in sufllcient amount to give the lubricant a sulphur content of about 1 to 5%.

2. A lubricant comprising a petroleum lubrieating oil and sulphurized naphthalene, said sulphurized naphthalene, resulting from the reaction of naphthalene with sulphur at temperatures of about 400 to 450 F. for sufllcient time to effect chemical combination between the naphthalene and sulphur. and being present in sufllcient amount to give the oil a sulphur content of about 1 to 5%.

3. A lubricating oil composition of the class of cutting oils and gear lubricants, comprising about of lubricating oil and about 5% of a sulphurbase formed by heating about three parts of naphthalene and about one part of'sulphur at temperatures of about 420 to 440 F. for suflicient 55 time to eflect chemical combination between the 10 a lubricating oil in suflicient amount to give the mixture a sulphur content or about 1 to 5%.

5. In the manufacture of sulfurized lubricants the improvement which comprises forming a sulphur base by heating naphthalene with sulphur at temperatures of about 400 to 450 F. for suflicient time to effect a chemical combination of the naphthalene and sulphur and admixing the resulting product with a lubricating oil in suflicient amount to give the mixture a sulphur content of about 1 to 5%.

WALDERSEE B. HENDREY.