NO121029B - - Google Patents
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- NO121029B NO121029B NO164185A NO16418566A NO121029B NO 121029 B NO121029 B NO 121029B NO 164185 A NO164185 A NO 164185A NO 16418566 A NO16418566 A NO 16418566A NO 121029 B NO121029 B NO 121029B
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- Prior art keywords
- dichlorodiphenyl
- weight
- parts
- chlorine content
- mixtures
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000006267 biphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl RELMFMZEBKVZJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GGMPTLAAIUQMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorobiphenyl Chemical group ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GGMPTLAAIUQMIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical class Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)Cl FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DAMJCWMGELCIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl n-(2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COC(=O)NC1CCNC1=O DAMJCWMGELCIMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D43/00—Lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D43/02—Removable lids or covers
- B65D43/0202—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element
- B65D43/0214—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured only by friction or gravity
- B65D43/022—Removable lids or covers without integral tamper element secured only by friction or gravity only on the inside, or a part turned to the inside, of the mouth of the container
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D21/00—Nestable, stackable or joinable containers; Containers of variable capacity
- B65D21/02—Containers specially shaped, or provided with fittings or attachments, to facilitate nesting, stacking, or joining together
- B65D21/0233—Nestable containers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D51/00—Closures not otherwise provided for
- B65D51/18—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures
- B65D51/185—Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures the outer closure being a foil membrane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0006—Upper closure
- B65D2251/0031—Membrane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2251/00—Details relating to container closures
- B65D2251/0003—Two or more closures
- B65D2251/0068—Lower closure
- B65D2251/0081—Lower closure of the 43-type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00018—Overall construction of the lid
- B65D2543/00027—Stackable lids or covers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00018—Overall construction of the lid
- B65D2543/00064—Shape of the outer periphery
- B65D2543/0012—Shape of the outer periphery having straight sides, e.g. with curved corners
- B65D2543/00175—Shape of the outer periphery having straight sides, e.g. with curved corners four straight sides, e.g. trapezium or diamond
- B65D2543/00194—Shape of the outer periphery having straight sides, e.g. with curved corners four straight sides, e.g. trapezium or diamond square or rectangular
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00018—Overall construction of the lid
- B65D2543/00259—Materials used
- B65D2543/00296—Plastic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00481—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
- B65D2543/0049—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on the inside, or a part turned to the inside of the mouth of the container
- B65D2543/00509—Cup
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00444—Contact between the container and the lid
- B65D2543/00481—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container
- B65D2543/00537—Contact between the container and the lid on the inside or the outside of the container on the outside, or a part turned to the outside of the mouth of the container
- B65D2543/00546—NO contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D2543/00—Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers
- B65D2543/00009—Details of lids or covers for rigid or semi-rigid containers
- B65D2543/00824—Means for facilitating removing of the closure
- B65D2543/00833—Integral tabs, tongues, handles or similar
- B65D2543/00851—Integral tabs, tongues, handles or similar on the central part of the lid
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D2101/00—Material constitution of bridges
- E01D2101/30—Metal
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Closures For Containers (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Packages (AREA)
Description
Olje til bruk ved isolering, kjøling og varmeoverføring. Oil for use in insulation, cooling and heat transfer.
Det er kjent at isomerblandinger av It is known that isomeric mixtures of
klorerte difenyler kan anvendes som isolerings- og kjøleoljer til transformatorer og som varmeoverf ørende olje til opphetning av rom. Disse oljer har alt etter høyden av kloreringsgraden forskjellig høytliggen-de eutektiske temperaturer. chlorinated diphenyls can be used as insulating and cooling oils for transformers and as heat transfer oil for heating rooms. Depending on the degree of chlorination, these oils have different high eutectic temperatures.
Hvis oljene anvendes f. eks. som isoleringsoljer for transformatorer, som er ut-satt for meget lave temperaturer (frilufts-anlegg), er det nødvendig at isolerings- og kjøleoljene har meget lave eutektiske temperaturer. De hittil kjente isomerblandinger av klorerte difenyler med eutektiske temperaturer under —20° har den ulempe at ved meget lave temperaturer krystalliserer lett deler av isomerblandingen ut. En slik krystallisering kan forandre isolerings-oljens dielektriske egenskaper og ved be-lastning av det elektriske apparat føre til gjennomslag. If the oils are used e.g. as insulating oils for transformers, which are exposed to very low temperatures (open-air installations), it is necessary that the insulating and cooling oils have very low eutectic temperatures. The hitherto known isomeric mixtures of chlorinated diphenyls with eutectic temperatures below -20° have the disadvantage that at very low temperatures parts of the isomeric mixture easily crystallize out. Such crystallization can change the insulating oil's dielectric properties and, when the electrical device is under load, lead to breakdown.
Liknende ulemper iakttas også når oljene anvendtes som varmeoverf ørere for opphetning av rom. Dette er fremfor alt tilfelle hvis opphetningen avstenges forbi-gående. Similar disadvantages are also observed when the oils are used as heat exchangers for heating rooms. This is above all the case if the heating is switched off temporarily.
For å utsjalte denne usikkerhet ved To release this uncertainty by
driften av apparatene som inneholder disse oljeblandinger, har man til slike blandinger satt oppløsningsmidler for de utkrystalliserende stoffer, f. eks. triklorbensol (se U. S. patent nr. 1.931.373 og engelsk patent nr. 493.961). Denne fremgangsmåte har imid-lertid den ulempe at homogeniteten av et påtrykket felt blir forstyrret, hvorved det opptrer en økning av tapsvinkelverdien. Dessuten fordamper det tilsatte oppløs-ningsmiddel hurtigere enn de klorerte di- the operation of the devices containing these oil mixtures, solvents for the crystallized substances have been added to such mixtures, e.g. trichlorobenzene (see U. S. Patent No. 1,931,373 and English Patent No. 493,961). However, this method has the disadvantage that the homogeneity of an applied field is disturbed, whereby an increase in the loss angle value occurs. Moreover, the added solvent evaporates faster than the chlorinated di-
fenylisomere, slik at apparatet som er blitt fylt med slike blandinger må ettersees ofte og fra tid til annen etterfylles. phenyl isomers, so that the apparatus which has been filled with such mixtures must be inspected frequently and refilled from time to time.
Oppfinnerne har funnet at den først og fremst krystalliserende andel av slike isomerblandinger av klorerte difenyler er p,p'-diklordifenyl. Da den eutektiske temperatur av klorert difenyl ligger desto la-vere jo mindre klorinnholdet er, opptrer utkrystalliseringen i isoleringsoljer som har lave eutektiske temperaturer. For å hindre denne krystallisering, anvender man derfor i henhold til oppfinnelsen klorerte difenyler som ikke eller i bare liten grad inneholder p,p'-diklordifenyl. Mengden av p,p'-diklordifenyl i den klorerte difenylisomer-blanding skal i henhold til oppfinnelsen ikke utgjøre mere enn 8 pst. beregnet på den samlede blanding. The inventors have found that the primarily crystallising portion of such isomeric mixtures of chlorinated diphenyls is p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl. As the eutectic temperature of chlorinated diphenyl is the lower the lower the chlorine content, crystallization occurs in insulating oils which have low eutectic temperatures. In order to prevent this crystallization, according to the invention, therefore, chlorinated diphenyls are used which do not contain, or only to a small extent, p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl. According to the invention, the amount of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl in the chlorinated diphenyl isomer mixture must not amount to more than 8 percent calculated on the overall mixture.
Hensiktsmessig anvender man for fremstillingen av de klorerte difenyler slike metoder, ved hvilke det ikke eller bare i liten grad dannes p.p'-diklordifenyl. Egnede fremgangsmåter er f. eks. klorering av difenyl med sulfuryl-klorid, fortrinnsvis i nærvær av aluminiumklorid, eller klorering med klor i nærvær av ca. 0,5—20 pst. brunsten. Hvis man for kloreringen anvender de vanlige halogenoverførere som f. eks. Jern eller antimonklorid, underkjøler man den erholdte isomerblanding inntil det ikke ønskede p,p'-diklordifenyl krystalliserer ut, og skiller så krystallene fra ved filtrering eller sentrifugering. Appropriate methods are used for the preparation of the chlorinated diphenyls in which p.p'-dichlorodiphenyl is not formed or only to a small extent. Suitable methods are e.g. chlorination of diphenyl with sulfuryl chloride, preferably in the presence of aluminum chloride, or chlorination with chlorine in the presence of approx. 0.5-20 percent of the rut. If you use the usual halogen transmitters for the chlorination such as e.g. Iron or antimony chloride, the obtained mixture of isomers is subcooled until the unwanted p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl crystallizes out, and the crystals are then separated by filtration or centrifugation.
En særlig fordel ved de for p,p'-diklor-fenyl frie isomerblandinger eller ved isomerblandinger som bare inneholder litt p,p'-diklordifenyl, er disses høye dielektrisitetskonstant. Mens en isomerblanding med et klorinnhold som svarer til penta-klordifenyl har en dielektrisitetskonstant på 4,4, ved 20° og 50 p/s, har den for upolart p,p'-diklordifenyl frie isomerblanding resp. en isomerblanding med en liten ikke lenger utkrystalliserende andel av p,p'-diklordi-f enyl, en dielektrisitetskonstant på ca. 6 ved 20° og 50 p/s. Som følge av disse gunstigere dielektrisitetsegenskaper kan dimensjone-ne av transformatorene og kondensatorene holdes tilsvarende mindre. A particular advantage of the isomer mixtures free of p,p'-dichlorophenyl or of isomer mixtures containing only a little p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl is their high dielectric constant. While an isomer mixture with a chlorine content corresponding to penta-chlorodiphenyl has a dielectric constant of 4.4, at 20° and 50 p/s, for non-polar p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl the free isomer mixture resp. an isomer mixture with a small no longer crystallising proportion of p,p'-dichlorodiphenyl, a dielectric constant of approx. 6 at 20° and 50 p/s. As a result of these more favorable dielectric properties, the dimensions of the transformers and capacitors can be kept correspondingly smaller.
De i henhold til oppfinnelsen anvendte isomerblandinger har i alminnelighet et klorinnhold på minst 32 pst. og høyest 42 pst. The isomer mixtures used according to the invention generally have a chlorine content of at least 32% and at most 42%.
Eksempel 1. Example 1.
I 154 vektdeler smeltet difenyl heller man ved en temperatur på ca. 80° C inn 472,5 vektdeler sulfurylklorid. For innledning, opprettholdelse og påskynning av kloreringen blir det etterhvert tilsatt 12 vektdeler aluminiumklorid. Det flytende råprodukt blåses ut med, luft eller en inert gass, nøytraliseres med faste eller flytende nøytraliseringsmidler f. eks. pulverisert ets-natron eller 10 pst.'s etsnatron-oppløsnin-ger og destilleres deretter i vakuum. In 154 parts by weight diphenyl was melted rather at a temperature of approx. 80° C into 472.5 parts by weight of sulphuryl chloride. To initiate, maintain and speed up the chlorination, 12 parts by weight of aluminum chloride are eventually added. The liquid raw product is blown out with air or an inert gas, neutralized with solid or liquid neutralizing agents, e.g. powdered caustic soda or 10% caustic soda solutions and then distilled in a vacuum.
(Kpi3ram160—195°). Destillatet er vannklart, har et klorinnhold på 40 pst. og dets eutektikum ligger ved —26° C. (Kpi3ram160—195°). The distillate is water-clear, has a chlorine content of 40 per cent and its eutectic point is -26° C.
Eksempel 2. Example 2.
Til 77,5 vektdeler smeltet difenyl setter man 7,75 vektdeler mangansuperoksyd (brunsten) og leder inn 41,5 vektdeler klor. Mengden av brunsten kan forhøyes til 20 pst. eller senkes til 0,5 pst. Det flytende råprodukt blir på egnet måte, f. eks. vel filtrering, befridd for brunsten resp. dé som mellomtrinn dannede manganklorider, og etter nøytralisering med alkali destilleres det i vakuum. (Kpi3]lim160—195°). Den rene isomerblanding har et klorinnhold på ca. 35 pst. og dens eutektikum ligger ved —29°. To 77.5 parts by weight of melted diphenyl, you add 7.75 parts by weight of manganese superoxide (tawny stone) and introduce 41.5 parts by weight of chlorine. The quantity of the rut can be increased to 20 per cent or lowered to 0.5 per cent. The liquid raw product becomes in a suitable way, e.g. well filtering, freed from the rut or the manganese chlorides formed as an intermediate step, and after neutralization with alkali, it is distilled in a vacuum. (Kpi3]lim160—195°). The pure isomer mixture has a chlorine content of approx. 35 percent and its eutectic is at -29°.
Eksempel 3. Example 3.
155 vektdeler difenyl som er tilsatt 0,2 vektdeler antimontriklorid eller en annen kjent kloroverfører blir ved innledning av klor ved 100—150° C gitt et klorinnhold på 38 pst. eller 36 pst. Fra de erholdte rå-produkter utfelles det mere eller mindre hurtig, eventuelt etter podning, en rikelig mengde krystaller. Man kan allerede befri råproduktet for krystallene eller man kan først foreta nøytraliseringen, eller man de-stillerer råproduktet og fjerner deretter krystallene ved filtrering. Krystallene har et klorinnhold på 32 pst. Den flytende isomerblanding har et noe høyere klorinnhold på ca. 36 pst., og eutektikumet ligger ved —28 til —30° C. 155 parts by weight of diphenyl to which 0.2 parts by weight of antimony trichloride or another known chlorine transfer agent has been added gives, when chlorine is introduced at 100-150° C, a chlorine content of 38 per cent or 36 per cent. From the raw products obtained, it precipitates more or less rapidly , possibly after grafting, a copious amount of crystals. You can already free the raw product from the crystals or you can first carry out the neutralization, or you distill the raw product and then remove the crystals by filtration. The crystals have a chlorine content of 32 per cent. The liquid isomer mixture has a somewhat higher chlorine content of approx. 36 per cent, and the eutectic is at -28 to -30° C.
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US480655A US3344974A (en) | 1965-08-18 | 1965-08-18 | Composite container package |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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NO121029B true NO121029B (en) | 1971-01-04 |
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ID=23908826
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO121029D NO121029L (en) | 1965-08-18 | ||
NO164185A NO121029B (en) | 1965-08-18 | 1966-08-04 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO121029D NO121029L (en) | 1965-08-18 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3344974A (en) |
BE (1) | BE685504A (en) |
CH (1) | CH459053A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1536101A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK111873B (en) |
GB (1) | GB1145764A (en) |
NL (1) | NL6611573A (en) |
NO (2) | NO121029B (en) |
SE (1) | SE315846B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1987001098A1 (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1987-02-26 | Plm Ab | A container |
Families Citing this family (86)
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FR1464910A (en) * | 1965-11-26 | 1967-01-06 | Packaging improvements | |
LU53003A1 (en) * | 1966-05-02 | 1967-04-17 | ||
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US3394861A (en) * | 1967-02-23 | 1968-07-30 | James R. Truax | Multiple compartment container |
US3388827A (en) * | 1967-03-30 | 1968-06-18 | Pantasote Company Of New York | Sealed reclosable food package |
US3567067A (en) * | 1969-01-17 | 1971-03-02 | Pantasote Co Of New York Inc T | Disposable serving tray |
US3700096A (en) * | 1970-03-30 | 1972-10-24 | Diamond Int Corp | Food packaging tray |
US3884383A (en) * | 1970-09-29 | 1975-05-20 | Kirkhof Manufacturing Corp | Nesting container |
US3679093A (en) * | 1970-10-26 | 1972-07-25 | First Dynamics Inc | Combination food container and implement for extracting the contents |
US3955006A (en) * | 1971-06-30 | 1976-05-04 | Burton H. Sokolsky | Method of packaging food using a liner |
NL7305660A (en) * | 1973-04-24 | 1974-10-28 | ||
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US7172779B2 (en) * | 2002-09-27 | 2007-02-06 | Kraft Foods Holdings, Inc. | Container for sliced and fluffed food products |
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US7922021B2 (en) * | 2004-05-06 | 2011-04-12 | Pactiv Corporation | Closure for a food container and method for using the same |
US7347327B2 (en) * | 2004-05-13 | 2008-03-25 | Matthew Lobman | Stackable and nestable receptacles |
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US20070009343A1 (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2007-01-11 | Saul Palder | Modular storage system |
US7810302B2 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2010-10-12 | Kraft Foods Global Brands Llc | Method of forming reclose mechanism in a reclosable package |
JP2009519108A (en) * | 2005-12-13 | 2009-05-14 | ソノコ デベロップメント,インコーポレイティド | Food tray for heating |
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CN102774556B (en) * | 2007-02-12 | 2015-07-22 | 莫里斯·约瑟夫·保罗·塔伯恩 | Container base and lid with planar area for flat application of adhesive membrane |
US20090047394A1 (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-19 | Neil Willcocks | Vacuum packed pet food |
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US20110006069A1 (en) * | 2009-07-08 | 2011-01-13 | Suzanne Fields | Food container system |
US8911807B2 (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2014-12-16 | Kraft Foods Group Brands Llc | Container for sliced and fluffed food products |
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US20110315566A1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-29 | Clever Girl Concepts, LLC | Customizable storage container system |
US20110315567A1 (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2011-12-29 | Clever Girl Concepts, LLC | Customizable Storage Container System |
US8365910B2 (en) | 2011-06-02 | 2013-02-05 | Cook Medical Technologies Llc | Medical device packaging |
USD726535S1 (en) | 2013-07-30 | 2015-04-14 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Package |
USD750477S1 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-03-01 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Package |
USD730725S1 (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2015-06-02 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Package |
USD778719S1 (en) | 2014-10-15 | 2017-02-14 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Package |
USD784127S1 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2017-04-18 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Film for packaging production |
USD756219S1 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-17 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Package |
USD788582S1 (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2017-06-06 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Film for packaging production |
USD787319S1 (en) | 2014-11-17 | 2017-05-23 | Clear Lam Packaging, Inc. | Package |
CA2925502A1 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-09-30 | 9065-3395 Quebec Inc. | Container and lid assembly |
EP3490369A4 (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2020-04-15 | Thirstypet LLC | Receptable for petwater, treatment and methods thereof |
USD827429S1 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2018-09-04 | Primapak, Llc | Film for packaging |
USD888556S1 (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-06-30 | Joseph Mahon | Divider panel for food storage container |
USD892635S1 (en) * | 2018-09-05 | 2020-08-11 | Joseph Mahon | Combined divider panel and food storage container |
WO2020074682A1 (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-04-16 | Société des Produits Nestlé S.A. | Methods of making and transporting frozen food compositions and re-using components utilized therein |
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USD1042108S1 (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2024-09-17 | OralKleen, LLC | Toothbrush container |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3172801A (en) * | 1965-03-09 | Heat-sealable waxed packaging mate- rial and process of making the same | ||
US2130355A (en) * | 1936-06-27 | 1938-09-20 | American Can Co | Method of forming moistureproof and greaseproof containers |
US2298814A (en) * | 1939-01-25 | 1942-10-13 | Albert M Weis | Casserole |
NL288912A (en) * | 1957-11-29 | |||
US2972432A (en) * | 1958-02-27 | 1961-02-21 | Lily Tulip Cup Corp | Flexible thermoplastic nestable closure lids |
US3056491A (en) * | 1958-08-29 | 1962-10-02 | Polaroid Corp | Fluid containers |
FR1231761A (en) * | 1959-04-14 | 1960-10-03 | J Parizot Ets | Improvements to containers, in particular for packaging food products and the like |
US3154215A (en) * | 1960-08-25 | 1964-10-27 | H S Crocker Co Inc | Denestable stack of frozen food containers |
US3207651A (en) * | 1961-07-13 | 1965-09-21 | Procter & Gamble | Apparatus for making tubing from a continuous web |
US3064874A (en) * | 1961-07-18 | 1962-11-20 | Foils Packaging Corp | Food container |
US3185578A (en) * | 1962-08-17 | 1965-05-25 | Anaconda Aluminum Co | Easily openable package and closures therefor |
BE638168A (en) * | 1962-10-03 | |||
US3140807A (en) * | 1963-04-12 | 1964-07-14 | Poster Packaging Inc | Container |
US3163311A (en) * | 1963-12-10 | 1964-12-29 | American Can Co | Container |
US3261530A (en) * | 1964-07-06 | 1966-07-19 | Buckeye Bait Corp | Food containers |
-
0
- NO NO121029D patent/NO121029L/no unknown
-
1965
- 1965-08-18 US US480655A patent/US3344974A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1966
- 1966-08-04 NO NO164185A patent/NO121029B/no unknown
- 1966-08-12 BE BE685504D patent/BE685504A/xx unknown
- 1966-08-15 CH CH1174366A patent/CH459053A/en unknown
- 1966-08-16 DE DE19661536101 patent/DE1536101A1/en active Pending
- 1966-08-17 GB GB36901/66A patent/GB1145764A/en not_active Expired
- 1966-08-17 NL NL6611573A patent/NL6611573A/xx unknown
- 1966-08-18 SE SE11176/66A patent/SE315846B/xx unknown
- 1966-08-18 DK DK423866AA patent/DK111873B/en unknown
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1987001098A1 (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1987-02-26 | Plm Ab | A container |
GB2186860A (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1987-08-26 | Plm Ab | A container |
GB2186860B (en) * | 1985-08-16 | 1990-02-07 | Plm Ab | A container and a method of sealing a container |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK111873B (en) | 1968-10-14 |
SE315846B (en) | 1969-10-06 |
NO121029L (en) | |
GB1145764A (en) | 1969-03-19 |
US3344974A (en) | 1967-10-03 |
BE685504A (en) | 1967-01-16 |
CH459053A (en) | 1968-06-30 |
NL6611573A (en) | 1967-02-20 |
DE1536101A1 (en) | 1969-08-14 |
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