NO120313B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO120313B NO120313B NO146540A NO14654062A NO120313B NO 120313 B NO120313 B NO 120313B NO 146540 A NO146540 A NO 146540A NO 14654062 A NO14654062 A NO 14654062A NO 120313 B NO120313 B NO 120313B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- precious metal
- metal
- noble metal
- activation
- chloride
- Prior art date
Links
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M gold monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Au+] FDWREHZXQUYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FHMDYDAXYDRBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum tin Chemical compound [Sn].[Pt] FHMDYDAXYDRBGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/642—Compounds containing nitrogen
- D06P1/649—Compounds containing carbonamide, thiocarbonamide or guanyl groups
- D06P1/6491—(Thio)urea or (cyclic) derivatives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/60—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing polyethers
- D06P1/607—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives
- D06P1/6076—Nitrogen-containing polyethers or their quaternary derivatives addition products of amines and alkylene oxides or oxiranes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/62—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds with sulfate, sulfonate, sulfenic or sulfinic groups
- D06P1/621—Compounds without nitrogen
- D06P1/622—Sulfonic acids or their salts
- D06P1/625—Aromatic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/10—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups using reactive dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
- D06P3/241—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using acid dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
- D06P3/245—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using metallisable or mordant dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
- D06P3/248—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using reactive dyes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Fremgangsmåte til å frembringe et overspenningsnedsettende aktiveringssjikt av svampaktig edelmetall på katodeflatene ved elektrolytiske hydrogenfrembringere, Method of producing an overvoltage reducing activation layer of spongy noble metal on the cathode surfaces of electrolytic hydrogen generators,
særlig ved trykkelektrolysører. especially with pressure electrolysers.
Den overspenning som opptrer på ka-toden i elektrolysører for elektrolytisk The overvoltage that appears on the cathode in electrolyzers for electrolytic
fremstilling av hydrogen og oksygen, ned-setter som kjent elektrolysevirkningsgra-den i så sterk grad at man ved tekniske production of hydrogen and oxygen, as is known, lowers the degree of electrolysis efficiency to such an extent that one knows technically
elektrolysører med økonomisk strømbelast-ning må regne med energiforbruk på 5,2— electrolysers with an economical current load must expect an energy consumption of 5.2—
5,4 kWh/Nm<3> frembragt hydrogen. Da overspenningen stiger langsomt under konti-nuerlig drift, vil man i praksis ofte måtte 5.4 kWh/Nm<3> produced hydrogen. As the overvoltage rises slowly during continuous operation, in practice you will often have to
regne med verdier på 5,6 kW/Nm<3> (Ha) og calculate with values of 5.6 kW/Nm<3> (Ha) and
mere. more.
Det er allerede blitt foreslått å aktivere katode-flatene i elektrolytiske hydrogen-frembringere ved å foreta en mekanisk eller elektrolytisk oppruing henholdsvis på-føre krom-, tantal- eller svampjern-skikt, It has already been proposed to activate the cathode surfaces in electrolytic hydrogen generators by making a mechanical or electrolytic roughening, respectively by applying chromium, tantalum or sponge iron layers,
slik at hydrogen-overspenningen i merkbar so that the hydrogen overvoltage in noticeable
grad reduseres. Alle disse forskjellige aktiveringssjikt vil imidlertid bare utøve sin degree is reduced. However, all these different layers of activation will only do their thing
virkning i forholdsvis kort tid, slik at de effect for a relatively short time, so that they
vanlige overspenningsverdier vil innstille normal overvoltage values will set
seg allerede etter få dager — i alle tilfelle already after a few days - in any case
senest etter noen uker. at the latest after a few weeks.
Fra laboratoriet er det kjent at der It is known from the laboratory that there
ved «platinert platina», dvs. massive pla-tinakatoder som er overtrukket med «platinasort» (Platinmohr), ikke oppstår noen with "platinized platinum", i.e. massive platinum cathodes that are coated with "platinum black" (Platinmohr), no
hydrogen-overspenning. I forbindelse med hydrogen surge. In conjunction with
katoder for industrielle elektrolysører som cathodes for industrial electrolysers which
ofte har flere hundre kvadratmeter over-flate, kan det naturligvis ikke komme på often have several hundred square meters of surface area, it cannot of course come up
tale å anvende platinablikk. Bortsett fra say to use platinum tin. Except
dette foregår gassutviklingen ved de tekniske, vanligvis brukte elektrolysører som this gas evolution takes place in the technical, usually used electrolysers which
arbeider ved atmosfæretrykk og en normal works at atmospheric pressure and a normal
belastning på ca. 10 A/dm-', så voldsomt at et normalt platinasort-overtrekk i løpet av kort tid ville bli spylet bort fra katodene. load of approx. 10 A/dm-', so violently that a normal platinum black coating would be washed away from the cathodes within a short time.
Det er også kjent at aktiveringssjikt av svampaktig edelmetall på overflaten av katoder av jern for elektrolytiske hydrogen-frembringere virker overspenningsnedsettende. En ulempe ved denne fremgangsmåte til aktivering av katodeover-flatene består i at det svampaktige edel-metallsjikt når det er påført som et nedslag, ikke hefter godt nok på jernoverflaten og derfor ikke er egnet. Oppfinnelsen tar sikte på å tilveiebringe et mot-standsdyktig sjikt, hvilket oppnåes ved at det svampaktige edelmetallbelegg erholdes ved nedslag fra en vandig edelmetallsalt-oppløsning som inneholder mindre enn 5, fortrinnsvis bare 0,1 til 0,5 g edelmetall pr. liter, og at det utfelte aktiveringssjikts edelmetallinnhold er mindre enn 10 g/m-katodeflate. Man kan f. eks. tilveiebringe aktiveringssjiktet ved at man inn i det ferdigmonterte og med elektrolyt fylte apparat pumper noen liter av en alkalisk platinsalt-oppløsning, hvis konsentrasjon er slik valgt at der i apparatet oppstår en konsentrasjon på mindre enn 0,2 g Pt pr. liter elektrolyt. Selv ved meget store appa-rater som inneholder mange kubikkmeter elektrolyt, vil det greie seg med noen få gram platina. Når strømmen innkobles, vil metallisk platina slå seg ned på elektrode-flatene i meget tynne sjikt og øyeblikkelig bevirke en nedsettelse av hydrogen-overspenningen med flere tiendedels volt. Den derved oppnådde nedsettelse av apparatets driftsspenning holder seg i flere uker og lar seg senere gjenvinne flere ganger ved at man kobler ut strømmen noen timer. It is also known that activation layers of spongy noble metal on the surface of iron cathodes for electrolytic hydrogen generators have an overvoltage-reducing effect. A disadvantage of this method for activating the cathode surfaces is that the spongy noble metal layer, when applied as a deposit, does not adhere well enough to the iron surface and is therefore not suitable. The invention aims to provide a resistant layer, which is achieved by the spongy precious metal coating being obtained by precipitation from an aqueous noble metal salt solution containing less than 5, preferably only 0.1 to 0.5 g of precious metal per litres, and that the noble metal content of the precipitated activation layer is less than 10 g/m cathode surface. One can e.g. provide the activation layer by pumping a few liters of an alkaline platinum salt solution into the pre-assembled and electrolyte-filled apparatus, the concentration of which is chosen so that a concentration of less than 0.2 g Pt per liter of electrolyte. Even for very large devices containing many cubic meters of electrolyte, a few grams of platinum will do. When the current is switched on, metallic platinum will settle on the electrode surfaces in very thin layers and immediately cause a reduction of the hydrogen overvoltage by several tenths of a volt. The resulting reduction in the device's operating voltage lasts for several weeks and can later be recovered several times by switching off the power for a few hours.
Ennu gunstigere har det vist seg å beise de enkelte katoder før innmonteringen og derpå aktivere dem i et vandig bad som inneholder edelmetall i form av opp-løste klorider. De som elektroder tjenende perforerte blikk eller metallduker blir til dette formål overøst med oppløsningen i en flat skål og derpå beveget noen minutter i oppløsningen. Edelmetallet slår seg da umiddelbart ned på jernoverflaten ved ioneutveksling uten innvirkning av en ytre spenningskilde. Edelmetallet vandrer der-under inn i jernets krystallgitter, idet et jernatom går over i oppløsningen hver gang et edelmetallatom slår seg ned. Hvis den vandige klorid-oppløsning inneholder ca. 0,5 g Pt pr. liter i destillert vann, danner der seg på et platina-grunnsjikt som er fast forbundet med grunnmetallet, et godt vedheftende platinasort-overtrekk med stor og meget konstant aktivitet. Den på-førte platinamengde er her riktignok ve-sentlig høyere enn ved det ovenfor beskrevne utførelseseksempel, men holder seg dog også i dette tilfelle under 10 g Pt/m<2> ka-todeoverflate. It has been found to be even more advantageous to pickle the individual cathodes before installation and then to activate them in an aqueous bath containing precious metal in the form of dissolved chlorides. For this purpose, the perforated sheets or metal cloths serving as electrodes are poured with the solution in a flat dish and then stirred for a few minutes in the solution. The precious metal then immediately settles on the iron surface by ion exchange without the influence of an external voltage source. The noble metal migrates below into the iron's crystal lattice, as an iron atom passes into the solution every time a noble metal atom settles. If the aqueous chloride solution contains approx. 0.5 g Pt per liter in distilled water, a well-adherent platinum black coating with high and very constant activity is formed on a platinum base layer which is firmly connected to the base metal. The amount of platinum applied here is admittedly substantially higher than in the embodiment described above, but remains below 10 g Pt/m<2> cathode surface in this case as well.
Tilnærmelsesvis de samme resultater som man oppnår med rene platina-overtrekk, oppnåes også med tilsvarende palla-dium-overtrekk eller med overtrekk som består av en blanding av platina og palla-dium. Særlig hensiktsmessig har det dog vist seg å tilsette små mengder gull, for-uten et eller flere metaller av platiname-tall-gruppen (Pt, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir). Derved blir sjiktet ennu holdbarere og hydrogen-overspenningen ennu mindre. Innenfor rammen av den sist beskrevne fremgangsmåte er det da tilstrekkelig å tilsette 10— 30 % gullklorid til platina- eller palladium-kloriden for å få tilført sjiktet gullatomer. Approximately the same results as are obtained with pure platinum coatings are also obtained with corresponding palladium coatings or with coatings consisting of a mixture of platinum and palladium. However, it has proven particularly appropriate to add small amounts of gold, without one or more metals of the platinum group (Pt, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir). This makes the layer even more durable and the hydrogen overvoltage even smaller. Within the framework of the last described method, it is then sufficient to add 10-30% gold chloride to the platinum or palladium chloride in order to add layered gold atoms.
Fremgangsmåten ifødge oppfinnelsen egner seg særlig for såkalte trykkelektro-lysører, dvs. elektrolytiske vannspaltere som arbeider ved et gasstrykk på mere enn 5 atm., fortrinnsvis trykk på 20—50 atm. Ved disse trykk blir nemlig volumet av de oppstigende gassblærer så lite at blærene sammen med elektrolyten danner en mel-keaktig emulsjon som langsomt strømmer oppad og ikke lenger utøver noen erosjons-virkning på katodeoverf låtene. Også svampaktige platinasort-henh. palladiumsort-sjikt forblir ved denne arbeidsmåte årevis uforandret og fullt aktive, slik at man ved den normale flate-belastning (10—15 A/ dm<2>) oppnår en konstantblivende celle-spenning på 1,7—1,75 V. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for so-called pressure electrolysers, i.e. electrolytic water splitters which work at a gas pressure of more than 5 atm., preferably a pressure of 20-50 atm. At these pressures, the volume of the rising gas bubbles becomes so small that the bubbles together with the electrolyte form a milky emulsion which slowly flows upwards and no longer exerts any erosive effect on the cathode surface. Also spongy platinum black henh. palladium black layer remains unchanged and fully active for years in this way of working, so that at the normal surface load (10-15 A/dm<2>) a constant cell voltage of 1.7-1.75 V is achieved.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR879739A FR1313937A (en) | 1961-11-22 | 1961-11-22 | New coloring process for polyamide-based articles |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO120313B true NO120313B (en) | 1970-10-05 |
Family
ID=8767241
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO146540A NO120313B (en) | 1961-11-22 | 1962-11-21 |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT256024B (en) |
DE (1) | DE1444291A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK105266C (en) |
ES (1) | ES282697A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1313937A (en) |
GB (1) | GB991148A (en) |
NO (1) | NO120313B (en) |
OA (1) | OA01612A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2209006B1 (en) * | 1972-12-06 | 1976-08-20 | Soprosoie Fa |
-
1961
- 1961-11-22 FR FR879739A patent/FR1313937A/en not_active Expired
-
1962
- 1962-11-19 DE DE19621444291 patent/DE1444291A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1962-11-21 GB GB34064/62A patent/GB991148A/en not_active Expired
- 1962-11-21 DK DK501962AA patent/DK105266C/en active
- 1962-11-21 NO NO146540A patent/NO120313B/no unknown
- 1962-11-21 AT AT916462A patent/AT256024B/en active
- 1962-11-22 ES ES282697A patent/ES282697A1/en not_active Expired
-
1964
- 1964-12-31 OA OA51685A patent/OA01612A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT256024B (en) | 1967-08-10 |
DE1444291A1 (en) | 1969-12-04 |
DK105266C (en) | 1966-09-12 |
OA01612A (en) | 1969-09-20 |
FR1313937A (en) | 1963-01-04 |
GB991148A (en) | 1965-05-05 |
ES282697A1 (en) | 1963-06-01 |
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