NO117578B - - Google Patents
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- NO117578B NO117578B NO158808A NO15880865A NO117578B NO 117578 B NO117578 B NO 117578B NO 158808 A NO158808 A NO 158808A NO 15880865 A NO15880865 A NO 15880865A NO 117578 B NO117578 B NO 117578B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- polycarbonates
- dioxydiphenyl
- molecular weight
- high molecular
- dioxy
- Prior art date
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- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N Quinine Chemical compound C([C@H]([C@H](C1)C=C)C2)C[N@@]1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-WZBLMQSHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 aromatic diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000001258 Cinchona calisaya Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- BWVAOONFBYYRHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]methanol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=C(CO)C=C1 BWVAOONFBYYRHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N biphenyl-4,4'-diol Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VCCBEIPGXKNHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cinchonine Natural products C1C(C(C2)C=C)CCN2C1C(O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OC)C=C21 LOUPRKONTZGTKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PFBUKDPBVNJDEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorocarbene Chemical class Cl[C]Cl PFBUKDPBVNJDEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004870 electrical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane Substances CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003021 phthalic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229960000948 quinine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009757 thermoplastic moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiglycol Chemical compound OCCSCCO YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950006389 thiodiglycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
- F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
- F41A3/72—Operating handles or levers; Mounting thereof in breech-blocks or bolts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
- F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
- F41A3/14—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively
- F41A3/16—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks
- F41A3/18—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks hand-operated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
- F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
- F41A3/14—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively
- F41A3/16—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks
- F41A3/26—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks semi-automatically or automatically operated, e.g. having a slidable bolt-carrier and a rotatable bolt
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Description
Anvendelse av høymolekylære polykarbonater som elektriske isolasjonsstoffer. Application of high molecular weight polycarbonates as electrical insulating materials.
Det tole funnet at høymolekylære polykarbonater i form av f. eks. presslegemer, It was found that high molecular weight polycarbonates in the form of e.g. press bodies,
legemer fremstillet ved sprøytestøpning eller støpelegemer, film, fibre og overtrekk bodies produced by injection molding or castings, film, fibers and coatings
i fremragende grad er egnet som elektrisk is eminently suitable as an electric
isolerende stoffer. insulating substances.
Høymolekylære polykarbonater kan High molecular weight polycarbonates can
fremstilles f..eks. ved reaksjon av aromatiske dioksyforbindelser, særlig dimono-oksyarylalkaner alene eller i blanding med produced e.g. by reaction of aromatic dioxy compounds, especially dimono-oxyaryl alkanes alone or in admixture with
alifatiske eller cykloalifatiske dioksyforbindelser med alifatiske eller aromatiske di-estere av kullsyre eller med fosgen eller ved aliphatic or cycloaliphatic dioxy compounds with aliphatic or aromatic diesters of carbonic acid or with phosgene or by
reaksjon av bis-klorkullsyreestere av aromatiske dioksyforbindelser med frie aromatiske eller alifatiske dioksyforbindelser, reaction of bis-chlorocarbon esters of aromatic dioxy compounds with free aromatic or aliphatic dioxy compounds,
f. eks. ved fremgangsmåten ifølge belgisk e.g. by the method according to Belgian
patent nr. 532.543. patent No. 532,543.
Særlig egnede polykarbonater får man Particularly suitable polycarbonates are available
således ved anvendelse av f. eks. følgende thus when using e.g. following
di-monooksyaryl-alkaner: 4,4'-dioksydif e-nylmetan, 4,4'-dioksydifenyldimetyletan, di-monooxyaryl alkanes: 4,4'-dioxydiphenylmethane, 4,4'-dioxydiphenyldimethylethane,
4,4'-dioksydifenyl-l,l-cyklobeksan, 4,4'-di-oksy-3,3'-dimetyldifenyl-l,l-cykloheksan, 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl-1,1-cyclohexane, 4,4'-dioxy-3,3'-dimethyldiphenyl-1,1-cyclohexane,
2,2'-dioksy-4,4'-di-tert.ibutyl-difenyl-dime-tylmetan og 4,4'-dioksydifenyl-3,4-n-hek-sah, 2,2-(4,4'-dioksydifenyl)-butan, 2,2-(4,4'-dioksyddifenyl)-pentan, 3,3-(4,4'-dioksydifenyl)-pentan, 2,2-(4,4'-dioksy-difenyl)-3-metyl-biitan, 2,2-(4,4'-dioksydifenyl)-hek-san, 2,2-(4,4'-dioksydifenyl)-4-metyl-pen-tan, 2,2-(4,4'-dioksyfenyl)-heptan, 4,4-(4,4'-dioksydifenyl)-heptan og 2,2-(4,4'-dioksydifenyl)-tridekan. 2,2'-dioxy-4,4'-di-tert.ibutyl-diphenyl-dimethylmethane and 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl-3,4-n-hex-sah, 2,2-(4,4' -dioxydiphenyl)-butane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-pentane, 3,3-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-pentane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxy-diphenyl) -3-methyl biethane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-hexane, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-4-methyl-pentane, 2,2-( 4,4'-dioxyphenyl)-heptane, 4,4-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-heptane and 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydiphenyl)-tridecane.
Andre dioksyforbindelser som er egnet til syntese av høymolekylære polykarbonater er f. eks.: etylenglykol, dietylenglykol, Other dioxy compounds which are suitable for the synthesis of high molecular weight polycarbonates are, for example: ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol,
trietylenglykol, polyetylenglykol, tiodigly-kol, etylenditiodiglykol, propandiol-1,2 og triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, thiodiglycol, ethylenedithiodiglycol, propanediol-1,2 and
de av propylenoksyd-1,2 fremstillede di- eller polyglykoler, propandiol-1,3, butandiol-1,3, butandiol-1,4, 2-metylpropandiol-l,3, the di- or polyglycols prepared from propylene oxide-1,2, propanediol-1,3, butanediol-1,3, butanediol-1,4, 2-methylpropanediol-1,3,
pentadiol-1,5, 2-etylenpropandiol-l,3, hek-sandiol-1,6, oktandiol-1,8, 2-etylheksandiol-1,3, dekandiol-1,10, chinit, cykloheksandiol-l,2,o-,m-,p-xylylenglykol, 2,2-(4,4'-dioksydi-cykloheksyl) -propan, 2,6-dioksy-dekahydro-naftalin, hydrokinon, resorcin, pyrokate-kin, 4,4'-dioksydifenyl, 2,2'-dioksydifenyl, pentadiol-1,5, 2-ethylenepropanediol-1,3, hexanediol-1,6, octanediol-1,8, 2-ethylhexanediol-1,3, decanediol-1,10, quinine, cyclohexanediol-1,2, o-,m-,p-xylylene glycol, 2,2-(4,4'-dioxydi-cyclohexyl)-propane, 2,6-dioxy-decahydro-naphthalene, hydroquinone, resorcin, pyrocatechin, 4,4'- dioxydiphenyl, 2,2'-dioxydiphenyl,
1,4-dioksynaftalin, ' 1,6-dioksynaftalin, 2,6-dioksynaftalin, 1,2-dioksynaftalin, 1,5-di-oksyantracen, 1,4-dioksykinolin, 2,2'-dioksy-dinaftyl-1,1' og o-m-, p-oksybenzylalkohol<*>1,4-dioxynaphthalene, ' 1,6-dioxynaphthalene, 2,6-dioxynaphthalene, 1,2-dioxynaphthalene, 1,5-dioxyanthracene, 1,4-dioxyquinoline, 2,2'-dioxy-dinaphthyl-1, 1' and o-m-, p-oxybenzyl alcohol<*>
Et høymolekylært polykarbonat som er fremstillet ved reaksjon av 4,4'-dioksydifenyl-dimetylmetan med fosgen og som har K-verdien 75 har i form av en 70|x tykk film støpt av en oppløsning følgende egenskaper: Isolasjonsmotstand ved 20° C: 7 x 10te Q x cm, ved 160° 3 x 10'<]> Q x cm, gjennom-slagfasthet ved 50 pst. relativ fuktighet A high molecular weight polycarbonate produced by the reaction of 4,4'-dioxydiphenyl-dimethylmethane with phosgene and which has a K-value of 75 has the following properties in the form of a 70|x thick film cast from a solution: Insulation resistance at 20° C: 7 x 10te Q x cm, at 160° 3 x 10'<]> Q x cm, impact resistance at 50 per cent relative humidity
2700 KV/cm, overflatemotstand ved 80 pst. relativ fuktighet 19 x 1013 Q, dielektrisitets-konstant ved 20—130° C 2,5, ved 160° C 2,8, tapsfaktor (Tangens 5) ved 20° io x 10—<4 >(800 Hz), hvorved det anomale dispersjons-område først begynner over 130° C. 2700 KV/cm, surface resistance at 80 per cent relative humidity 19 x 1013 Q, dielectric constant at 20—130° C 2.5, at 160° C 2.8, loss factor (Tangens 5) at 20° io x 10— <4 >(800 Hz), whereby the anomalous dispersion area only begins above 130° C.
De mekaniske egenskaper er: The mechanical properties are:
Fuktighetsopptagelsen er 0,5 pst. ved 95 pst. relativ fuktighet og i 24 timer, gjen-nomslipningsevnen for vanndamp 0,8 x 10~<8 >gr. pr. time cm pr. mm hg. Dessuten er dette polykarbonat meget varmebestandig. I en 60|.i tykk folie av ikke strukket polykarbonat inntrer der etter lagring i luften i 12 uker ved 140° C praktisk talt ingen minskning i fasthetsverdien. Heller ikke kan der i dette tidsrom observeres noen krystallisasjon i det ikke strukne materiale. The moisture absorption is 0.5 per cent at 95 per cent relative humidity and for 24 hours, the permeability for water vapor 0.8 x 10~<8 >gr. per hour cm per etc. In addition, this polycarbonate is very heat resistant. In a 60|.in thick foil of unstretched polycarbonate, after storage in the air for 12 weeks at 140° C, practically no reduction in the strength value occurs. Nor can any crystallization be observed in the unstretched material during this time.
De høymolekylære polykarbonater er videre meget bestandige mot kjemikalier, særlig mot syrer og alkalier såvelsommot innvirkning av lys og mot atmosfæriske innvirkninger. The high molecular weight polycarbonates are also highly resistant to chemicals, particularly acids and alkalis, as well as to the effects of light and atmospheric effects.
På grunn av sin gode bearbeidhet f. eks. ved termoplastisk formning eller formning fra' oppløsninger, er polykarbonatenes anvendelse i elektroteknikken mangesidig. Således kan der av disse'ved hjelp av pres-■ se-, sprøyte- 'eller støpemetoder fremstilles gjenstander med en hvilken som helst form, f. eks. blokker eventuelt med innlegg av ledere, kondensatorer, motstander og rør, Herved er den lave ledeevne og over-flateledeevne selv i fuktig atmosfære særlig fordelaktig. Av smeltflytende materiale eller av oppløsninger kan der fremstilles film og fibre som kan brukes til omvikling hen-holdsvis omspinning a<y> f. eks. elektriske ledere. Eventuelt kan de således isolerte ledere i kort tid oppvarmes på en tempe-ratur over polykarbonatets mykningspunkt hvorved de enke.lte filmsjikt eller fibre sveises sammen med hverandre. Due to its good workmanship, e.g. by thermoplastic molding or molding from solutions, the use of polycarbonates in electrical engineering is versatile. Thus, objects of any shape can be produced from these using pressing, injection or casting methods, e.g. blocks possibly with insets of conductors, capacitors, resistors and pipes. The low conductivity and surface conductivity, even in a humid atmosphere, are therefore particularly advantageous. From melt-flowing material or from solutions, film and fibers can be produced which can be used for wrapping or spinning a<y> e.g. electrical conductors. Optionally, the insulated conductors can be briefly heated to a temperature above the polycarbonate's softening point, whereby the individual film layers or fibers are welded together.
Film som er fremstillet av smeltflytende materiale eller av oppløsninger kan på grunn av at polykarbonatenes dielektri-sitetskonstant og tapsvinkel i liten grad Films made from melt-flowing material or from solutions can, due to the fact that the dielectric constant and loss angle of the polycarbonates to a small extent
. er avhengig av temperaturen, særlig fordelaktig brukes som dielektrikum for elektriske kondensatorer. For dette formål kan polykarbonatfolien som sådan legges inn mellom de strømførende belegg eller vik-les om disse eller de strømførende belegg kan påføres på polykarbonatfoliene f. eks. ved pådampning av metaller på disse. Videre kan der også fremstilles overordent-lig tynne filmer f. eks. med tykkelse på en brøkdel av l(i av oppløsninger på me-tallfolier. Disse filmer har jevn tykkelse og god vedheftning til foliene så at der . is dependent on the temperature, particularly advantageously used as a dielectric for electrical capacitors. For this purpose, the polycarbonate foil as such can be inserted between the current-carrying coatings or wrapped if these or the current-carrying coatings can be applied to the polycarbonate foils, e.g. by evaporation of metals on them. Furthermore, extremely thin films can also be produced, e.g. with a thickness of a fraction of l(i of solutions on metal foils. These films have uniform thickness and good adhesion to the foils so that there
også på denne måte fordelaktig kan frem-sniles kondensatorer. Herved beskadiger ikke polykarbonatene metallene. capacitors can also advantageously be produced in this way. In this way, the polycarbonates do not damage the metals.
Videre kan elektriske ledere overtrek-kes direkte med polykarbonatene fra opp-løsninger eller smelter av disse. Herved er polykarbonatenes høye elastisitet og hård-net ved siden av deres gunstige elektriske egenskaper, særlig deres overordentlige høye gjennomslagsfasthet, av særlig fordel. Dessuoen kan papir, vevstoffbaner, glass-fibre og glassmatter vætes med oppløsnin-ger av polykarbonatene og således impreg-neres med disse plastmaterialer og brukes som isolasjonsmateriale for f. eks. elektriske ledere. Furthermore, electrical conductors can be coated directly with the polycarbonates from solutions or melts thereof. In this way, the polycarbonates' high elasticity and hardness, in addition to their favorable electrical properties, in particular their extremely high impact resistance, are of particular advantage. The dessuo can paper, fabric webs, glass fibers and glass mats be wetted with solutions of the polycarbonates and thus impregnated with these plastic materials and used as insulation material for e.g. electrical conductors.
De lave dielektrisitetskonstanter, lave tapsvinkler og den høye isolasjonsmotstand hos slike isoleringer viser seg som særlig gunstig ved isolering av høyfrekvenskabler og -ledninger. The low dielectric constants, low loss angles and the high insulation resistance of such insulations prove to be particularly beneficial when insulating high-frequency cables and wires.
De elektriske egenskaper hos fibre, filmer og overtrekk som er utvunnet av opp-løsninger kan i mange tilfelle forbedres ved en påfølgende oppvarmning fortrins-vis til temperaturer over 100° C men under polykarbonatets smeltepunkt. Likeledes kan •sådanne materialers vedheftning til under-lag forbedres på denne måte. The electrical properties of fibres, films and coatings which are obtained from solutions can in many cases be improved by subsequent heating, preferably to temperatures above 100° C but below the polycarbonate's melting point. Likewise, the adhesion of such materials to the substrate can be improved in this way.
Polykarbonatene kan eventuelt tilset-tes fyllstoffer, pigmenter og mykgjørings-midler. Som fyllstoffer kan der f. eks. brukes kaolin, talk, glass og glimmer og som mykgjøringsmidler f. eks. ftalsyreestere og fosforsyreestere. If necessary, fillers, pigments and softening agents can be added to the polycarbonates. As fillers, e.g. kaolin, talc, glass and mica are used and as softeners e.g. phthalic acid esters and phosphoric acid esters.
Det store antall av de høymolekylære polykarbonater som ifølge oppfinnelsen er egnet til formålet tillater å variere isola-sjonsstoffenes fysikalske egenskaper f. eks. med hensyn til fasthet, strekkbarhet, elastisitet og mykningspunkt innen vide gren-ser under bibehold av de samme gunstige elektriske egenskaper så at materialene kan tilpasses til det tilsiktede anvendelses-formål. The large number of the high molecular weight polycarbonates which, according to the invention, are suitable for the purpose allows the physical properties of the insulating materials to be varied, e.g. with regard to firmness, stretchability, elasticity and softening point within wide limits while maintaining the same favorable electrical properties so that the materials can be adapted to the intended purpose of use.
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US381099A US3236155A (en) | 1964-07-08 | 1964-07-08 | Firearm having an auxiliary bolt closure mechanism |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO117578B true NO117578B (en) | 1969-08-25 |
Family
ID=23503643
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO158808A NO117578B (en) | 1964-07-08 | 1965-07-06 |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3236155A (en) |
AT (1) | AT294630B (en) |
BE (1) | BE666334A (en) |
CH (1) | CH437055A (en) |
DE (1) | DE1453912A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK128864B (en) |
ES (1) | ES315121A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR1438934A (en) |
GB (1) | GB1074646A (en) |
NL (1) | NL141640B (en) |
NO (1) | NO117578B (en) |
Families Citing this family (28)
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US3742636A (en) * | 1971-12-13 | 1973-07-03 | Fairchild Industries | Firearm having a carrying handle and associated rear sight |
DE3521390A1 (en) * | 1985-06-14 | 1992-04-09 | Rheinmetall Gmbh | DEVICE FOR EMERGENCY ACTUATION OF THE PISTON IN A FOREIGN DRIVEN MACHINE CANNON |
US4827652A (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1989-05-09 | Martin Ernest J T | Cocking-bar, target-framing and range-finding, carrying, hanging and standing device |
US5448940A (en) * | 1993-11-19 | 1995-09-12 | Olympic Arms, Inc. | Gas-operated M16 pistol |
US5726377A (en) * | 1996-06-19 | 1998-03-10 | Colt's Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Gas operated firearm |
US5945626A (en) * | 1997-09-09 | 1999-08-31 | Colt's Manufacturing Company Inc. | Gas operated firearm with clamp on gas block |
CA2520410C (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2008-12-02 | Heckler & Koch Gmbh | Adapter |
US6889464B2 (en) | 2003-06-04 | 2005-05-10 | Michael K. Degerness | Composite structural member |
IL175232A0 (en) | 2006-04-26 | 2007-05-15 | Silver Shadow Advanced Securit | Assault pistol rifle |
US7874240B2 (en) * | 2006-06-23 | 2011-01-25 | Brian Akhavan | Firearm operating mechanisms and methods |
EP2141436A3 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2013-07-31 | Adcor Industries, Inc. | Operating handle for a firearm |
US8210090B2 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2012-07-03 | Adcor Industries, Inc. | Firearm having an expulsion device |
US8210089B2 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2012-07-03 | Adcor Industries, Inc. | Firearm having an indirect gas impingement system |
US7937870B2 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2011-05-10 | Adcor Industries, Inc. | Firearm having a debris shield for use with a direct gas impingement system |
US8393107B2 (en) | 2008-08-26 | 2013-03-12 | Adcor Industries, Inc. | Firearm assembly including a first weapon and a second weapon selectively mounted to the first weapon |
US9038525B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2015-05-26 | ArmWest, LLC | Firearm |
US9488423B2 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2016-11-08 | Arm West, Llc | Firearm systems and methods |
US8899138B2 (en) | 2011-09-08 | 2014-12-02 | Adcor Industries, Inc. | Firearm having a handle assembly for charging and forward assist |
US9003686B2 (en) | 2012-02-13 | 2015-04-14 | Adcor Industries, Inc. | Hand guard mounting mechanism |
US8997620B2 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2015-04-07 | Adcor Industries, Inc. | Handle assembly for charging a direct gas impingement firearm |
US10663243B2 (en) * | 2015-07-13 | 2020-05-26 | David Rian Timmons | Firearm pivot pin system |
US10107582B2 (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2018-10-23 | Scott Gray | Quick connect rifle receiver adapter system |
US10012458B2 (en) | 2016-05-12 | 2018-07-03 | Smith & Wesson Corp. | Bolt for firearm |
US10488136B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2019-11-26 | ArmWest, LLC | Selective fire firearm systems and methods |
US10663239B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2020-05-26 | David Rian Timmons | Firearm takedown pin and upper receiver system |
US10563939B1 (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2020-02-18 | Paul A. Oglesby | Forward assist for a firearm |
US11204208B1 (en) | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-21 | Shari LeGate, Ltd. | Bolt carrier for magazine-fed firearm |
US11105572B1 (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-08-31 | Strike Industries, Inc. | Modular forward assist for firearms |
-
1964
- 1964-07-08 US US381099A patent/US3236155A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1965
- 1965-06-28 ES ES315121A patent/ES315121A1/en not_active Expired
- 1965-06-30 FR FR46174A patent/FR1438934A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-06-30 DE DE19651453912 patent/DE1453912A1/en active Pending
- 1965-07-05 CH CH935665A patent/CH437055A/en unknown
- 1965-07-06 NL NL656508657A patent/NL141640B/en unknown
- 1965-07-06 NO NO158808A patent/NO117578B/no unknown
- 1965-07-06 GB GB28650/65A patent/GB1074646A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-07-07 DK DK346765AA patent/DK128864B/en unknown
- 1965-07-08 AT AT623465A patent/AT294630B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1965-11-03 BE BE666334A patent/BE666334A/xx unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL6508657A (en) | 1966-01-10 |
NL141640B (en) | 1974-03-15 |
FR1438934A (en) | 1966-05-13 |
AT294630B (en) | 1971-11-25 |
CH437055A (en) | 1967-05-31 |
US3236155A (en) | 1966-02-22 |
DK128864B (en) | 1974-07-15 |
DE1453912A1 (en) | 1969-07-24 |
ES315121A1 (en) | 1965-10-01 |
GB1074646A (en) | 1967-07-05 |
BE666334A (en) | 1965-11-03 |
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