NO116955B - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- NO116955B NO116955B NO160926A NO16092665A NO116955B NO 116955 B NO116955 B NO 116955B NO 160926 A NO160926 A NO 160926A NO 16092665 A NO16092665 A NO 16092665A NO 116955 B NO116955 B NO 116955B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- layer
- agglomerates
- roasting
- nickel
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 135
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- -1 sodium sulphate Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 88
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 44
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 24
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 17
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 14
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 13
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 13
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 10
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000005029 sieve analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 206010039509 Scab Diseases 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005569 Iron sulphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005267 amalgamation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel ferrite Chemical compound [Ni]=O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NQNBVCBUOCNRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000007645 Citrus mitis Species 0.000 description 1
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical class [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 244000274883 Urtica dioica Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009108 Urtica dioica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LAISNASYKAIAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [S].[As] Chemical compound [S].[As] LAISNASYKAIAIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001779 copper mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper monosulfide Chemical class [Cu]=S BWFPGXWASODCHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003872 feeding technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)iron;iron Chemical compound [Fe].O[Fe]=O.O[Fe]=O UCNNJGDEJXIUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010952 in-situ formation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILKIXSABKPWMHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni]=S ILKIXSABKPWMHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011012 sanitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009751 slip forming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JXAZAUKOWVKTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium pyrosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OS([O-])(=O)=O JXAZAUKOWVKTLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001180 sulfating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001755 vocal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/2803—Sorbents comprising a binder, e.g. for forming aggregated, agglomerated or granulated products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/08—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent
- A24D3/10—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of organic materials as carrier or major constituent of cellulose or cellulose derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24D—CIGARS; CIGARETTES; TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS; MOUTHPIECES FOR CIGARS OR CIGARETTES; MANUFACTURE OF TOBACCO SMOKE FILTERS OR MOUTHPIECES
- A24D3/00—Tobacco smoke filters, e.g. filter-tips, filtering inserts; Filters specially adapted for simulated smoking devices; Mouthpieces for cigars or cigarettes
- A24D3/06—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters
- A24D3/16—Use of materials for tobacco smoke filters of inorganic materials
- A24D3/163—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
- B01D39/04—Organic material, e.g. cellulose, cotton
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28016—Particle form
- B01J20/28019—Spherical, ellipsoidal or cylindrical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/354—After-treatment
- C01B32/384—Granulation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Cigarettes, Filters, And Manufacturing Of Filters (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US420815A US3351071A (en) | 1964-12-23 | 1964-12-23 | Carbon filter material and process for preparing it |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO116955B true NO116955B (es) | 1969-06-09 |
Family
ID=23667952
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO160926A NO116955B (es) | 1964-12-23 | 1965-12-16 |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3351071A (es) |
| AT (1) | AT266670B (es) |
| BE (1) | BE673976A (es) |
| CH (1) | CH442238A (es) |
| DE (1) | DE1544020A1 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES321056A1 (es) |
| FI (1) | FI42415B (es) |
| FR (1) | FR1466604A (es) |
| GB (1) | GB1081520A (es) |
| IT (1) | IT941492B (es) |
| NL (1) | NL6516482A (es) |
| NO (1) | NO116955B (es) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2214663C2 (de) * | 1972-03-25 | 1986-05-15 | Roderich W. Dr.-Ing. 6100 Darmstadt Gräff | Vorrichtung zur Adsorption von Wasserdampf aus feuchter Luft |
| US3875949A (en) * | 1973-06-08 | 1975-04-08 | Catanese Peter J | Tobacco smoke filter |
| US4964426A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1990-10-23 | Eastman Kodak Company | Tobacco smoke filters and process for production thereof |
| US5150723A (en) * | 1988-09-28 | 1992-09-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Process for the production of tobacco smoke filters |
| US5404890A (en) * | 1993-06-11 | 1995-04-11 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Cigarette filter |
| CH687800A5 (de) * | 1994-12-23 | 1997-02-28 | Baumgartner Papiers Sa | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Zigarettenendstueckes, Zigarettenendstueck und Verwendung desselben. |
| GB0019417D0 (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2000-09-27 | Mat & Separations Tech Int Ltd | Mesoporous carbons |
| US8591855B2 (en) * | 2000-08-09 | 2013-11-26 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Porous carbons |
| MY135471A (en) * | 2002-01-09 | 2008-04-30 | Philip Morris Prod | Cigarette filter with beaded carbon |
| US7784471B2 (en) * | 2003-01-09 | 2010-08-31 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Cigarette filter with beaded carbon |
| US7237558B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2007-07-03 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filtered cigarette incorporating an adsorbent material |
| US7240678B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2007-07-10 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filtered cigarette incorporating an adsorbent material |
| US7669604B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2010-03-02 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filtered cigarette incorporating an adsorbent material |
| US7856990B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2010-12-28 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filtered cigarette incorporating an adsorbent material |
| US8066011B2 (en) | 2003-09-30 | 2011-11-29 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filtered cigarette incorporating an adsorbent material |
| CN101115409B (zh) * | 2005-02-04 | 2013-03-27 | 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 | 具有纤维质滋味添加剂的香烟及过滤嘴 |
| GB0506278D0 (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2005-05-04 | British American Tobacco Co | Porous carbon materials and smoking articles and smoke filters therefor incorporating such materials |
| US20070056600A1 (en) * | 2005-09-14 | 2007-03-15 | R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filtered smoking article |
| US8739802B2 (en) | 2006-10-02 | 2014-06-03 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Filtered cigarette |
| US8555896B2 (en) * | 2007-12-19 | 2013-10-15 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Activated carbon from microcrystalline cellulose |
| GB0915814D0 (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2009-10-07 | British American Tobacco Co | Smoke filtration |
| EP3089605B1 (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2019-07-17 | Philip Morris Products S.a.s. | Activated carbon for smoking articles |
| CN105836747B (zh) * | 2016-03-21 | 2019-01-29 | 邵武市金寿活性炭有限公司 | 一种球形活性炭及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2768913A (en) * | 1954-10-22 | 1956-10-30 | Ohio Commw Eng Co | Cigarette filter tips from dextran |
| US3110315A (en) * | 1960-07-27 | 1963-11-12 | Lendvai Andrew | Denicotinization of tobacco |
-
1964
- 1964-12-23 US US420815A patent/US3351071A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1965
- 1965-12-16 NO NO160926A patent/NO116955B/no unknown
- 1965-12-17 NL NL6516482A patent/NL6516482A/xx unknown
- 1965-12-17 FR FR42819A patent/FR1466604A/fr not_active Expired
- 1965-12-17 BE BE673976D patent/BE673976A/xx unknown
- 1965-12-21 DE DE19651544020 patent/DE1544020A1/de active Pending
- 1965-12-21 IT IT28196/65A patent/IT941492B/it active
- 1965-12-22 FI FI3074/65A patent/FI42415B/fi active
- 1965-12-22 GB GB54406/65A patent/GB1081520A/en not_active Expired
- 1965-12-22 ES ES0321056A patent/ES321056A1/es not_active Expired
- 1965-12-23 CH CH1776265A patent/CH442238A/fr unknown
- 1965-12-23 AT AT1161765A patent/AT266670B/de active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AT266670B (de) | 1968-11-25 |
| ES321056A1 (es) | 1966-07-16 |
| FI42415B (es) | 1970-03-31 |
| GB1081520A (en) | 1967-08-31 |
| NL6516482A (es) | 1966-06-24 |
| US3351071A (en) | 1967-11-07 |
| IT941492B (it) | 1973-03-01 |
| FR1466604A (fr) | 1967-01-20 |
| CH442238A (fr) | 1967-08-31 |
| DE1544020A1 (de) | 1969-04-03 |
| BE673976A (es) | 1966-04-15 |
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