NO116302B - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- NO116302B NO116302B NO154485A NO15448564A NO116302B NO 116302 B NO116302 B NO 116302B NO 154485 A NO154485 A NO 154485A NO 15448564 A NO15448564 A NO 15448564A NO 116302 B NO116302 B NO 116302B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- transistors
- base
- emitter
- transistor
- signal
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C251/02—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups
- C07C251/04—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N37/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof containing the group; Thio analogues thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/88—Carboxylic acid amides having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to an acyclic carbon atom and to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring wherein at least one ortho-hydrogen atom has been replaced
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Pyridine Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Phenolic Resins Or Amino Resins (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
Description
Mottaktforsterker med transistorer. Rectifier amplifier with transistors.
Foreliggende oppfinnelse angår en mottaktforsterker med transistorer som arbeider i AB-, B-, eller C-kopling, dvs. at transistorene er således innstillet at den signalspenning som skal forsterkes, bare overskrider transistorenes sperrespenning i løpet av en del av signalspenningens peri-ode. The present invention relates to a counter clock amplifier with transistors that work in AB, B or C connection, i.e. that the transistors are set in such a way that the signal voltage to be amplified only exceeds the transistors' blocking voltage during part of the signal voltage's period.
Ved vanlige koplinger av denne art blir det signal som skal forsterkes tilført transistorene over en mottakttransformator. En slik mottakt-transformator er imidlertid forholdsvis kostbar, slik at det ville være å foretrekke om signalet kunne tilføres transistorene over skillekondensatorer. I det tilfelle opptrer den ulempe at en likespenning frembringes over skillekondensatorene som følge av likeretning i transistorenes inn-gangskretser, og disse likespenninger på-virker transistorenes innstilling. Oppfinnelsen har til hensikt å skaffe en løsning av dette problem ved at et signal som skal forsterkes over skillekondensatorer tilføres transistorenes inngangselektro-der i mottakt, idet disse for å oppnå den nødvendige forspenning, er forbundet med likerettere med strømgjennomgangsret-ning, som er motsatt transistorenes strøm-gjennomgangsretning, sett fra vedkommende inngangselektrode. In normal connections of this kind, the signal to be amplified is fed to the transistors via a step-down transformer. Such a counter-phase transformer is, however, relatively expensive, so that it would be preferable if the signal could be supplied to the transistors via separating capacitors. In that case, the disadvantage is that a DC voltage is produced across the separating capacitors as a result of rectification in the transistors' input circuits, and these DC voltages affect the transistors' setting. The invention aims to provide a solution to this problem in that a signal which is to be amplified via isolation capacitors is supplied to the transistors' input electrodes in reverse, as these are connected to rectifiers with current flow direction, which is opposite to the transistor's, in order to obtain the necessary bias voltage current flow direction, seen from the relevant input electrode.
Oppfinnelsen skal forklares under hen-visning til tegningen. Fig. 1 viser en utførelse med basisinn-gang. Fig. 2 viser en utførelse med emitter-inngang. Fig. 3 viser en avart av utførelsen i fig. 1. The invention shall be explained with reference to the drawing. Fig. 1 shows an embodiment with basic input. Fig. 2 shows an embodiment with an emitter input. Fig. 3 shows a variant of the embodiment in fig. 1.
I fig. 1 blir et signal som skal forsterkes tilført over en klemme 1 til en transistor 2, med like store kollektor- og emit-termotstander 3 resp. 4, over hvilke mot-taktspenningene frembringes. Disse spen-ninger tilføres over skillekondensatorer 5 resp. 6 til inngangselektrodene, dvs. transistorenes basiselektroder 7 resp. 8, hvorpå det i deres kollektorkretser, frembragte, for-sterkede signal forsterkes ytterligere ved hjelp av de mottaktkoplede transistorene 9 og 10, og tilføres så en utgangstransfor-mator 11. In fig. 1, a signal to be amplified is supplied via a terminal 1 to a transistor 2, with equal collector and emitter resistors 3 and 4, above which the counter-phase voltages are produced. These voltages are supplied via separating capacitors 5 or 6 to the input electrodes, i.e. the transistors' base electrodes 7 or 8, whereupon the amplified signal produced in their collector circuits is further amplified by means of the counter-clocked transistors 9 and 10, and is then supplied to an output transformer 11.
Som følge av basis- emitter-likeretning i transistorene 7 og 8 kunne imidlertid kondensatorene 5 og 6, hvis det ingen motfor-holdsregler ble tatt, opplades til en spen-ning ved hvilke signalspenningen bare kunne overskride transistorenes 7 og 8 sperrespenning i noen grad. For å muliggjøre den nødvendige innstilling av transistorene 7 og 8, er deres respektive basiselektroder forbundet med likeretterne 13 og 14, idet disses strømgjennomgangsretninger er motsatt transistorenes 7 og 8, sett fra deres basiselektroder. Som følge derav kan ved hjelp av basisemitter-likeretning i signalspenningens ene fase, de over kondensatorene 5 resp. 6 frembragte likespenninger, igjen flyte bort over likeretterne 13 resp. 14 i signalspenningens annen fase. As a result of base-emitter rectification in the transistors 7 and 8, however, the capacitors 5 and 6 could, if no countermeasures were taken, be charged to a voltage at which the signal voltage could only exceed the blocking voltage of the transistors 7 and 8 to some extent. To enable the necessary setting of the transistors 7 and 8, their respective base electrodes are connected to the rectifiers 13 and 14, their current flow directions being opposite to those of the transistors 7 and 8, as seen from their base electrodes. As a result, by means of base-emitter rectification in one phase of the signal voltage, those above the capacitors 5 or 6 produced DC voltages, again flow away over the rectifiers 13 resp. 14 in the second phase of the signal voltage.
Koplingen egner seg særlig for B-innstilling av transistorene 7 og 8, idet for-spenningen mellom emitter- og basiselek-trodene er lik 0.1 dette tilfelle må likespen-ningskilden mellom disse to elektroder sløyfes. Videre blir strømgjennomgangs-motstanden i likeretterne 13 resp. 14, praktisk talt gjort lik strømgjennomgangsmot-standen for basis-emitter-veien i transistorene 7' resp. 8, eventuelt ved tilkopling av seriemotstander 15 resp. 16, innbefattet eventuelle motstander i emitterkretsenel7 resp. 18, så denne B-innstilling blir opp-rettholdt uavhengig av signalamplituden. The coupling is particularly suitable for B setting of the transistors 7 and 8, as the bias voltage between the emitter and base electrodes is equal to 0.1, in which case the DC voltage source between these two electrodes must be looped. Furthermore, the current through-resistance in the rectifiers 13 or 14, practically made equal to the current through resistance for the base-emitter path in the transistors 7' or 8, possibly by connecting series resistors 15 or 16, including any resistors in the emitter circuit nel7 or 18, so this B setting is maintained regardless of the signal amplitude.
Ifølge fig. 2 blir det signal som skal forsterkes tilført klemmene 19 og 20 over skillekondensatorer 5 resp. 6 til transistorene 21 resp. 22 emitter-elektroder. Også i dette tilfelle kan de som følge av basis-emitter-likeretning i transistorene 21 og 22 over kondensatorene 5 og 6, frembragte likespenninger flyte bort over likeretterne 13 og 14 med motsatt strømgjennomgangsret-ning. Fig. 3 viser en avart av forsterkeren ifølge fig. 1, hvor basis-emitter-veien for en transistor 7, virker som den i fig. 1 og 2 nevnte likeretter 14 for den andre transistor 8, og omvendt. I en fase av signalet på klemmene 19 og 20 blir en ladning over den likerettede basis-emitter-vei for transistoren 7 overført fra skillekondensatoren 6 til skillekondensatoren 5. I den motsatte' fase av dette signal vil imidlertid denne ladning igjen flyte tilbake over den like-rettende basis-emitter-vei for transistoren According to fig. 2, the signal to be amplified is supplied to terminals 19 and 20 via separating capacitors 5 and 6 to the transistors 21 or 22 emitter electrodes. Also in this case, the DC voltages produced as a result of base-emitter rectification in the transistors 21 and 22 above the capacitors 5 and 6 can flow away over the rectifiers 13 and 14 with the opposite direction of current flow. Fig. 3 shows a view of the amplifier according to fig. 1, where the base-emitter path for a transistor 7 works like that in fig. 1 and 2 mentioned rectifier 14 for the second transistor 8, and vice versa. In one phase of the signal on terminals 19 and 20, a charge across the rectified base-emitter path of the transistor 7 is transferred from the isolation capacitor 6 to the isolation capacitor 5. In the opposite phase of this signal, however, this charge will again flow back across the rectified -rectifying base-emitter path for the transistor
8, hvorved den ønskede transistorinnstil-ling opprettholdes. 8, whereby the desired transistor setting is maintained.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US30394963A | 1963-08-22 | 1963-08-22 | |
US32927963A | 1963-12-09 | 1963-12-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO116302B true NO116302B (en) | 1969-03-03 |
Family
ID=26973733
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO154485A NO116302B (en) | 1963-08-22 | 1964-08-21 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE651984A (en) |
BR (1) | BR6461950D0 (en) |
CH (1) | CH455392A (en) |
ES (1) | ES303271A1 (en) |
GB (2) | GB1078071A (en) |
IL (1) | IL21944A (en) |
LU (1) | LU46802A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO116302B (en) |
OA (1) | OA01135A (en) |
SE (1) | SE304635B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3853531A (en) * | 1972-06-21 | 1974-12-10 | Monsanto Co | Plant regulation with 2-halo-2{40 ,6{40 -dialkyl-n-acyl-oxymethyl-acetanilides |
US4345937A (en) | 1978-03-31 | 1982-08-24 | Gaf Corporation | Herbicidal N-(haloacetyl)-N-(N'-methylenepyrrolidonyl)-2-alkoxyanilines |
US4239688A (en) | 1978-08-21 | 1980-12-16 | Gaf Corporation | Herbicidal N-(haloacetyl)-N-(N'-methylenepyrrolidonyl-2-mercaptoalkylanilines |
DE2854599A1 (en) | 1978-12-18 | 1980-06-26 | Basf Ag | SUBSTITUTED N-HALOGEN METHYLANILIDES AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND USE THEREOF |
ES2102503T3 (en) * | 1991-04-04 | 1997-08-01 | Zeneca Ltd | PROCESS TO PERFORM CHEMICAL REACTIONS WITH FORMALDEHYDE. |
-
1964
- 1964-08-18 ES ES0303271A patent/ES303271A1/en not_active Expired
- 1964-08-19 BE BE651984D patent/BE651984A/xx unknown
- 1964-08-20 SE SE10065/64A patent/SE304635B/xx unknown
- 1964-08-20 LU LU46802D patent/LU46802A1/xx unknown
- 1964-08-20 GB GB34117/64A patent/GB1078071A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-08-20 GB GB9540/67A patent/GB1078072A/en not_active Expired
- 1964-08-20 IL IL21944A patent/IL21944A/en unknown
- 1964-08-21 CH CH1099264A patent/CH455392A/en unknown
- 1964-08-21 NO NO154485A patent/NO116302B/no unknown
- 1964-08-21 BR BR161950/64A patent/BR6461950D0/en unknown
- 1964-08-25 OA OA50287A patent/OA01135A/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IL21944A (en) | 1969-02-27 |
LU46802A1 (en) | 1964-10-20 |
BR6461950D0 (en) | 1973-08-07 |
SE304635B (en) | 1968-09-30 |
ES303271A1 (en) | 1965-03-01 |
BE651984A (en) | 1964-12-16 |
GB1078072A (en) | 1967-08-02 |
GB1078071A (en) | 1967-08-02 |
DE1542950B2 (en) | 1975-08-07 |
CH455392A (en) | 1968-07-15 |
OA01135A (en) | 1968-08-07 |
DE1542950A1 (en) | 1972-04-06 |
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