NL8203015A - PREPARATION OF DISINFECTED OIL SEED CONSUMPTION FLOUR. - Google Patents

Description

- 1 - 823157 / BZ / CD

Short designation: Preparation of disinfected consumption meal from oil seeds.

The invention relates to a process for the preparation of protein-containing micro-biologically acceptable consumption meal from 5 oil seeds, which has a high oil content, e.g. sunflower seed kernels, groundnuts, cottonseed, etc., as with low oil content, e.g.

soybeans, grape seeds,. sesamezgad, carthamum seed and the like.

More particularly, the invention relates to a process for the preparation of sunflower meal for human consumption from both iced and unpeeled sunflower seeds.

In the preparation of the constituents and intermediates for composite ready-to-eat foods, the feed value must be maintained during the processing and conversion of the raw materials and the hygienic consumer health regulations applicable to the products must be complied with.

The quality of the food depends on a number of different factors, eg: the chemical composition and the quality of the raw materials, the production technology and the materials used in the establishments7, the hygiene and sanitary condition; production environment and the preservative method of the finished food (Nickerson, J.T. and Sinskey A.J. 1972, Microbiology of Foods and Food Processing- American Elsevier Publishing Co., New YOrk).

At present, the devices used for food preparation in the final stages of the preparation contain 25 or even in βέη of the intermediate stages, a disinfection or sterilization stage.

The above-mentioned treatment is of particular importance for protein-containing products from plastic seeds, in which the bacteria originally present are sometimes above the limits set by the various government regulations.

In order to comply with these requirements, a sterilization step must be added by the Industry, which is sometimes applied so thoroughly that structural changes or a reduction of the bio- 8 2 0 3 0 1 5 - 2 -

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The logical and nourishing properties of the end product are the result (Tateo F, 1977, Detergenza e sanificazione neXX'Industria AXimentare, AEB Brescia, ItaXie).

The present invention relates to the industrial treatment of PEXED or UNPEXPED OXIA seeds for the preparation of protein-containing compounds whose microbiological properties correspond to those of foodstuffs intended for human consumption. According to the normal conditions for extracting oXie from oXie seeds, spiced or unsealed, for the preparation of protein-containing products with a high biological value (Ned. A.o.

7904135) j, suitable solvents are used in the extraction 0171 regardless of the raw materials used a protein product. obtain that microbioXogically acceptable.

The opioid medium used for this purpose consists of a mixture of a hydrogen hydrogen compound, as chosen by the conventional industry, usually hexane, and an organic compound with an alkyl chain with 1 to 5 carbon atoms and at least one polyoxoxy group, e.g. ethanoX, which can be intimately mixed with the aforementioned chosen opioids.

The application of e.g. ethanoX is entitled to disinfection because of the breaking of the cell walls due to the dehydrating effect of aicohoi (Verona 0., Picci G., Microbioiogia degXi AXimenti, 1968, UTET)

The extraction is carried out with a mixing sex consisting of a cage of hydrogen opXosmiddeX, hexane and the organic polyOxismiddeX ethanoX, with a volume percentage ranging from 1 to 50%.

The solid-liquid extraction is carried out according to a process which is preferably carried out in a step-by-step manner, the individual steps of one hour from one hour to 4 hours and the weight to volume ratio of solid to liquid from 1: 1 to 1. : 40 at a treatment temperature of 20 ° C to 60 ° C. Solids recovered from aidus are then dried for 1-60 hours.

It goes without saying that the process can be advantageously used on any mixture consisting of a hydrocarbon and an organic compound. Further details follow from the following examples.

These examples relate to a process for the preparation of protein-containing consumption meal from sunflower seeds, which, however, do not limit the present invention applicable to any oil-containing seed.

, ifefi materials.

Ethanol ErFhexane, sold by Carlo Erba, Milan, Italic as RPE solvent (Erba Pure Reagent).

The culture medium used for the microbiological assays consists of: "Plate Count Agar, Mycological Agar, EE Mossel Broth, Tryptic Soy Broth, Violet Red Bile, Bacto Brilliant Green Bile Broth and McConkey Agar" and is supplied by DIFC0, while 15 " Clostrdium perfrigens Selective Agar "from Merck.

The analysis method.

The determination of the chemical constituents, moisture content, lipids, ash content, proteins and crude fibers was performed according to the methods of the A.O.A.C. (Association Official Analytical Chemists, 20 11th edition, 1970).

The phenols were measured by gas chromatography using the direct silylation method.

The soluble sugars were colorimetrically according to the method of Dubois M. et al. (Anal. Chem., 28, No. 3, 350 (1956) determined.

The microbiological tests were performed according to the methods of Mossel D.A.A., Brechet J., Lambion R., in "La prevention des infections et des toxi-infections alimentaires", CEPIA, Brussels (1962).

Example I.

This example relates to the preparation of oil-free microbiologically acceptable flour by extracting the oil from peeled sunflower seeds with n-hexane, which contains ethanol in various volumes (from Vfa to 5%) at an extraction ratio of 8203015 s »- 4 - (w / v) of 1:20 and at a temperature of 22 ° C. Drying lasted 48 hours at ambient temperature.

TABLE A

Chemical composition of hulled sunflower seeds, dry matter 5 percent.

Moisture content 6.0

Lipids 60.0

Protein © n (Nx6.25) 22.0

Ash content 2.9 10 Crude fiber 3.5

Soluble sugars 4. 4

Phenols 1.5

Nitrogen-free extr. 5.7 (the difference)

The peeled sunflower seeds of the chemical composition shown in Table A were peeled and batchwise stirred at a temperature of 22 ° C in a solid to liquid ratio (wt / vol) of 1:20 in two separate hours. treatments with n-hexane and heated in one step with n-hexane and ethanol at different concentrations and a contact time of 1 hour.

Table B shows the microbiological data at different ethanol concentrations. The results obtained show the different behavior of the mirco-organisms with respect to the same disinfectant which is very active against vegetative bacteria strains, yeasts and fungi, while the spore-forming strains are very resistant. The flour was dried at ambient temperature for 48 hours before analysis.

Example II-

This example applies to the. preparation of oil-free micro-biologically acceptable flour by extracting the oil 30 from peeled sunflower seeds with n-hexane containing 5 vol. ethanol at an extraction ratio of 1:20 (solid: liquid) and a temperature of 20 ° C.

AS hours

The flour was dried at normal temperature for 12 hours.

Peeled sunflower seeds, with known impurities and with the chemical composition of Table 8203015-5, were freed from oil with a mixture of n-hexane and ethanol (5% by weight of the latter) after peeling and after a batch of 2- step extraction with n-hexane for 1 hour each, at different contact times.

The temperature was 22 ° C and the extraction ratio (solid: liquid) 1:20. The drying times of the flour at ambient temperature were 12 to 48 hours.

The results summarized in Table C show that the decontaminant activity of 5% ethanol in n-hexane is still noticeable after the 10 minute contact. Drying the flour at ambient temperature for a shorter or longer time has no effect on the bacteria in the investigated products,

Example III.

This example relates to the preparation of oil-free mirco-biologically acceptable flour by extracting the oil from peeled sunflower seeds with 5 vol% ethanol containing hwhexane at an extraction ratio: solid: liquid} of 1: 5 and a temperature of 2 ° C.

The chemical composition is shown in Table A. Extraction of the oil from the peeled seeds was performed with n-hexane in two 1:20 extractions (solid: liquid), followed by a third extraction with 5% ethanol in n-hexane in the extraction ratio ( solid: liquid) of 1: 5, for a shorter or longer period of time at a temperature of 22 C.

The flour thus obtained was dried under a hood at ambient temperature for 48 hours. The results in Table D show the disinfectant effect of the ethanol-hexane mixture also at extraction ratios (solid: liquid) of 1:20 and less, the effect being slightly weaker than that indicated in Table C for Example II Example IV

This example relates to the preparation of oil-free mirco-biologically acceptable flour from hulled sunflower seeds by extracting the oil with n-hexane, containing 2 vol $ 8203015% and 3 vol / ole ethanol, respectively. at an extraction ratio (solid: liquid) of 1:20 and a temperature of 22 ° C.

The chemical composition of the hulled sunflower seeds is shown in Table A.

The extraction of oil from the peeled seeds was carried out with n. Hexane in two extractions (solid: liquid) of 1:20 and then by a third extraction with 2 vol% or 3 vol% ethanol in n.hexane. fed at an extraction ratio of 1:20 and a temperature of 22 ° C. The flour thus obtained was dried at ambient temperature for 48 hours.

The results summarized in Table E demonstrate that the decontaminant activity of the ethanol-hexane mixture is noticeable at a concentration of 3% ethanol in n-hexane and a contact time of 3 hours.

15 Example V

This example relates to the preparation of oil-free microbiologically acceptable. flour by extracting the oil from peeled sunflower seeds with 3 volfa ethanol containing n-hexane at an extraction ratio (solid: liquid) of 1:20 and 20 and a contact time of 1, 2 and 3 hours at 60 ° C.

The chemical composition of the peeled seeds is shown in Table A. Db extraction of the oil from the peeled seeds was carried out with n.hexane in two extractions of 1:20 (solid: liquid), followed by a third extraction with 3 vol% ethanol in 25 n-hexane at a ratio (solid: liquid) of 1:20 and a temperature of 60 ° C and a contact time of 1, 2 and 3 hours. The flour thus obtained was dried at room temperature for 48 hours.

As shown in Table F, the antiseptic effect of the ethanol-hexane mixture at a temperature of 60 ° C does not improve.

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8203015

Claims (8)

1. A process for the preparation of micro-biologically acceptable protein-containing consumption meal from peeled or unpeeled oily seeds by an extraction with a solvent mixture consisting of a hydrocarbon compound and an organic compound. 2. Method according to c. 1, characterized in that the organic compound contains an alkyl chain with 1 to 5 carbon atoms and at least one polar alcohol group. 3. Method according to c. 1, and / or 2, characterized in that the oil seed preferably consists of sunflower, peanut, cotton, soybean, grape, sesame and carthamum seeds. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the organic compound is preferably ethanol. A method according to §§ or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hydrocarbon compound is n-hexane. 6. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that mixtures are used consisting of a hydrocarbon solvent and an organic compound in an amount ranging from 1-50 vol. Process according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extraction temperature is 20-60 ° C 8. Process according to c.7, characterized in that the extraction is carried out with a solid: liquid ratio of 1: 1 to 1:40. 8203015