NL2036595A

NL2036595A - Solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration

Info

Publication number: NL2036595A
Application number: NL2036595A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Chen Xingyu; Du Baocun; Jia Jie; Lei Yonggang; Wu Ming
Original assignee: Univ Taiyuan Technology
Priority date: 2023-01-10
Filing date: 2023-12-20
Publication date: 2024-07-16
Also published as: CN116123736A

Abstract

Disclosed is a solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration. The system graded concentrationincludes a heat collecting tube, a trough concentrator, a wall penetration pipe and a condensing tube. The heat collecting tube is mounted on an outer side of a building, and the heat collecting tube is internally filled with a liquid working medium; the trough concentrator covers the heat collecting tube and is suitable to collect sunlight to the heat collecting tube; the wall penetration pipe is suitable to penetrate a building wall and located above the heat collecting tube, and one end of the wall penetration pipe is in communication with the heat collecting tube; and the condensing tube is suitable to be mounted on an inner side of the building wall and located above the wall penetration pipe, and the condensing tube is in communication with the other end of the wall penetration pipe.

Description

SOLAR THERMOSIPHON HEATING SYSTEM WITH GRADED

CONCENTRATION

TECHNICAL FIELD

[01] The present invention relates to the technical field of heating systems, in particular to a solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration.

BACKGROUND ART

[02] In order to reduce the heat loss of the envelope of existing building during the heating period, the usual practice is to improve the heat resistance. However, the improvement of heat resistance also hinders the heat utilization of solar energy.

[03] In order to make full use of solar energy more reasonably, there is absolutely a need for a technology that can make the best use of solar energy without increasing the heat loss of the envelope.

SUMMARY

[04] In order to overcome the technical defect that an existing building envelope may not give consideration to reduction in heat loss and improvement in solar heat utilization, the present invention provides a solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration.

[05] The solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration provided by the present invention includes:

[06] a heat collecting tube, suitable to be mounted on an outer side of a building, and the heat collecting tube is internally filled with a liquid working medium;

[07] a trough concentrator, mounted under the heat collecting tube and suitable to collect sunlight to the heat collecting tube;

[08] a wall penetration pipe, well insulated and located above the heat collecting tube, and one end of the wall penetration pipe is in communication with the heat collecting tube; and

[09] a condensing tube, suitable to be mounted on an inner side of the building wall and located above the wall penetration pipe, and the condensing tube is in communication with the other end of the wall penetration pipe.

[10] Optionally, the condensing tube is a capillary network, and the wall penetration pipe includes:

[11] a connecting pipe section, suitable to be mounted on the inner side of the building wall and horizontally arranged, and the connecting pipe section is in communication with the capillary network;

[12] two horizontal wall-penetrating pipe sections, suitable to penetrate the building wall, and the two horizontal wall-penetrating pipe sections are in communication with two ends of the connecting pipe section separately; and

[13] two inclined pipe sections, suitable to be mounted on the cuter side of the building, high ends of the two inclined pipe sections are in communication with the two horizontal wall-penetrating pipe sections separately, and low ends thereof are in communication with two ends of the heat collecting tube separately.

[14] Optionally, a heat storage mortar layer is arranged on the capillary network.

[15] Optionally, the heat storage mortar layer is internally doped with phase-change material particles.

[16] optionally, the heat collecting tube, the trough concentrator, the wall penetration pipe and the condensing tube form a set of heating assemblies, and at least one set of heating assemblies is provided.

[17] Optionally, the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration further includes:

[18] two supporting columns, located at two sides of the heat collecting tube separately, horizontally arranged rotating shafts corresponding to the heat collecting tube are arranged on the supporting columns, the rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the heat collecting tube, and the trough concentrator is fixed on the rotating shafts.

[19] Optionally, the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration further includes:

[20] a lens cover plate, suitable to be rotatably mounted at a top of the outer side of the building wall and suitable to refract the sunlight into the trough concentrator.

[21] Optionally, the rotating shafts are connected to a first rotation driving mechanism suitable to drive the rotating shafts to rotate, the lens cover plate is connected to a second rotation driving mechanism suitable to drive the lens cover plate to rotate, and the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration further includes:

[22] a light sensor; and

[23] a controller, connected to the light sensor, the first rotation driving mechanism and the second rotation driving mechanism in communication, and the controller is suitable to receive light intensity signals collected by the light sensor to control the first rotation driving mechanism and the second rotation driving mechanism to rotate.

[24] Optionally, a valve is arranged between the heat collecting tube and the wall penetration pipe.

[25] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[26] The solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration of the present invention is provided with the heat collecting tube, the trough concentrator, the wall penetration pipe and the condensing tube, the trough concentrator could concentrate the sunlight on the heat collecting tube, the liquid working medium in the heat collecting tube is heated up, finally heated to become steam; and the steam rises to pass though the wall penetration pipe to reach the condensing tube, and releases heat indoors in the condensing tube to play a heating role, and after the heat release is completed, the steam condenses into working medium liquid droplets which back flows to the heat collecting tube under the action of gravity, and the above process is repeated in this way. According to the system, loss of the heat may be avoided by utilizing the unidirectional heat conduction characteristics of a heat pipe; and further, by utilizing high heat conductivity of the heat pipe, solar energy may be fully converted into heat energy to be provided for indoor heating, such that the consideration of reducing heat loss and improving solar heat utilization is achieved. In addition, the system uses the trough concentrator to improve grade of heat source, which improves the temperature difference between two ends of the heat pipe, thus realizing efficiently introducing the solar energy into a room.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[27] The accompanying drawings herein, which are incorporated into and constitute a part of the description, illustrate examples consistent with the disclosure and, together with the description, is used to explain the principles of the disclosure.

[28] In order to describe the examples of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the prior art clearer, and the accompanying drawings required by the examples or description of the prior art are briefly described below. Obviously, a person of ordinary skill in the art would also be able to derive other accompanying drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative efforts.

[29] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration in examples of the present invention;

[30] FIG. 2 is a first assembled axonometric view of the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration in examples of the present invention;

[31] FIG. 3 is a second assembled axonometric view of the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration in examples of the present invention;

[32] FIG. 4 is an assembled side view of the solar 5 thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration in examples of the present invention; and

[33] FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the capillary network in examples of the present invention.

[34] In figures:

[35] 1. heat collecting tube; 2. trough concentrator; 3. wall penetration pipe; 31. connecting pipe section; 32. horizontal wall-penetrating pipe section; 33. inclined pipe section; 4. condensing tube; 41. capillary network; 5. heat storage mortar layer; 6. supporting column; 61. rotating shaft; 7. lens cover plate; 8. controller.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[36] In order to understand the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly, the solution of the present invention will be further described below. It will be noted that examples and features in the examples in the present invention can be combined without conflicts.

[37] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to fully understand the present invention, but the present invention can be practiced in other ways than those described herein. Obviously, the examples in the specification are merely some rather than all of the examples of the present invention.

[38] In one example, with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, a solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration includes a heat collecting tube 1, a trough concentrator 2, a wall penetration pipe 3 and a condensing tube 4. The heat collecting tube 1 is suitable to be mounted on an outer side of a building, and the heat collecting tube 1 is internally filled with a liquid working medium; the trough concentrator 2 covers the heat collecting tube 1 and is suitable to collect sunlight to the heat collecting tube 1; the wall penetration pipe 3 is suitable to penetrate a building wall and located above the heat collecting tube 1, and one end of the wall penetration pipe 3 is in communication with the heat collecting tube 1; and the condensing tube 4 is suitable to be mounted on an inner side of the building wall and located above the wall penetration pipe 3, and the condensing tube 4 is in communication with the other end of the wall penetration pipe 3.

[39] Specifically, the heat collecting tube 1 is composed of a transparent glass cover and a dark metal tube. The design is dark to absorb heat; and the transparent glass cover does not block the sunlight, and has a certain effect of preventing heat loss. Of course, as an alternative embodiment, the heat collecting tube 1 may also be made of other heat conducting materials such as graphite.

Furthermore, negative pressure is pumped into the dark metal tube to form a vacuum state, so as to generate sufficient pressure steam, and further, negative pressure may also prevent apparatuses from being damaged by supercooling and freezing.

[40] Specifically, the liquid working medium may be water or other liquid that may change from a liquid phase to a gas phase at suitable temperature.

[41] Specifically, the trough concentrator 2 is a paraboloid or a compound paraboloid as a whole or other shapes that may realize condensation; and the trough concentrator may be composed of a reflector formed by a curved surface, a multi-curved surface or Fresnel. The trough concentrator 2 may be supported by brackets or other structures to cover the outside of the heat collecting tube 1.

[42] It is easy to understand that the wall penetration pipe 3 1s located above the heat collecting tube 1, the condensing tube 4 is located above the wall penetration pipe 3, and the positional relationship is mainly for gravity backflow utilizing. The wall penetration pipe 3, that is, a

: pipe made of a heat insulation material, aims to reduce heat loss.

[43] In specific implementation, the trough concentrator 2 may concentrate the sunlight on the heat collecting tube 1, the liquid working medium in the heat collecting tube 1 is heated up, and the liquid working medium is heated to become steam; and the steam rises to pass though the wall penetration pipe 3 to reach the condensing tube 4, and releases heat indoors in the condensing tube 4 to play a heating role, and after the heat release is completed, the steam condenses into working medium liquid droplets which back flows to the heat collecting tube 1 under the action of gravity, and the above process is repeated in this way.

[44] According to the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration in the present example, loss of the heat may be avoided by utilizing the unidirectional heat conduction characteristics of a heat pipe; and further, by utilizing high heat conductivity of the heat pipe, solar energy may be fully converted into heat energy to be provided for indoor heating, such that the consideration of reducing heat loss and improving solar heat utilization is achieved.

In addition, the system uses the trough concentrator 2 to improve grade of a heat source, which improves a temperature difference between two ends of the heat pipe, thus realizing efficiently introducing the solar energy into a room.

[45] In some examples, with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the condensing tube 4 is a capillary network 41, and the wall penetration pipe 3 includes a connecting pipe section 31, two horizontal wall-penetrating pipe sections 32 and two inclined pipe sections 33. The connecting pipe section 31 is suitable to be mounted on the inner side of the building wall and horizontally arranged, and the connecting pipe section 31 is in communication with the capillary network 41; the two horizontal wall-penetrating pipe sections 32 are suitable to penetrate the building wall, and the two horizontal wall-penetrating pipe sections 32 are in communication with two ends of the connecting pipe section

31 separately; and the two inclined pipe sections 33 are suitable to be mounted on the outer side of the building, high ends of the two inclined pipe sections 33 are in communication with the two horizontal wall-penetrating pipe sections 32 separately, and low ends thereof are in communication with two ends of the heat collecting tube 1 separately.

[46] In specific implementation, the liquid working medium in the heat collecting tube 1 is heated and turned into the steam at high temperature, which sequentially passes through the inclined pipe sections 33 and the horizontal wall- penetrating pipe sections 32 to reach the connecting pipe section 31, and finally reaches the capillary network 41 to release heat indoors.

[47] The capillary network 41 is used as the condensing tube 4 of the present example, which may improve heat release efficiency, and the capillary network 41 may be filled with the steam everywhere by means of the connecting pipe section 31, such that the heat release efficiency is ensured.

[48] Further, a heat storage mortar layer 5 is arranged on the capillary network 41.

[49] In the specific implementation, when there is sunshine in the daytime, the liquid working medium is heated to become the steam to enter the capillary network 41 to exchange heat with the heat storage mortar layer 5, such that the heat storage mortar layer 5 is heated; and at dusk and night, intensity of solar radiation decreases, temperature is reduced, and the heat storage mortar layer 5 releases stored heat into the room to maintain room temperature. The heat storage mortar layer 5 may partially store the heat introduced into the room, and temperature fluctuation of the condensing tube 4 is prevented from causing too adverse influence on indoor comfort; further, the heat storage mortar layer 5 may control temperature rise range of the condensing tube 4 by absorbing heat of the condensing tube 4, the trough concentrator 2 may effectively improve grade of the heat source, combination of the two may improve a temperature difference between two ends of the heat pipe, and combined with the unidirectional heat conduction characteristic and high heat conductivity of the heat pipe, the solar energy may be efficiently introduced into the room; and besides, the heat storage mortar layer 5 may also solve an indoor aesthetic problem by leveling. In order to improve heat storage capacity of the heat storage mortar layer 5, phase change material particles may be doped in the heat storage mortar layer 5, and the phase change material particles may store heat at a constant temperature by meas of phase change when the temperature of the heat storage mortar layer 5 is high enough.

[50] In some examples, the heat collecting tube 1, the trough concentrator 2, the wall penetration pipe 3 and the condensing tube 4 form a set of heating assemblies, and at least one set of heating assemblies is provided.

[51] Specifically, two sets of heating assemblies are provided and distributed up and down. Of course, as an alternative embodiment, three or more sets of heating assemblies may also be provided, and a main purpose is to improve efficiency of heat collection and heat dissipation.

[52] In some examples, with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration further includes two supporting columns 6, the two supporting columns 6 are located at two sides of the heat collecting tube 1 separately, horizontally arranged rotating shafts 61 corresponding to the heat collecting tube 1 are arranged on the supporting columns 6, the rotating shafts 61 are rotatably connected to the heat collecting tube 1, and the trough concentrator 2 is fixed on the rotating shafts 61.

[53] Specifically, rotation of the rotating shafts 61 may be controlled by manpower or by mechanical automation.

[54] In specific implementation, by rotating the rotating shafts 61, the trough concentrator 2 may rotate relative to the heat collecting tube 1, such that the trough concentrator 2 may be rotated to different angles for the sunlight with different angles, and a utilization rate of the sunlight by the trough concentrator 2 is improved. In addition, under the condition of no need of heating, the trough concentrator may be rotated to cover the heat collecting tube, so as to play a protective role.

[55] In some examples, with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration further includes a lens cover plate 7, the lens cover plate 7 is suitable to be rotatably mounted at a top of the outer side of the building wall and suitable to refract the sunlight into the trough concentrator 2.

[56] It should be noted that in order to utilize gravity to create backflow, the heat collecting tube 1 as an evaporation section needs to be below the condensing tube 4, such that the sunlight irradiated on an upper half may not be fully utilized. The lens cover plate 7 in the present example is to solve the problem: the lens cover plate 7 concentrates the sunlight on the upper part in an available area by means of optical refraction.

[57] It should be noted that since a manufacturing cost of a refractor is higher than that of a reflector, in order to save the cost, machining accuracy of the lens cover plate 7 may be relaxed, it is only necessary to deflect the lens cover plate into a receiving area of the trough concentrator 2, and it is not necessary to pursue accurate focusing on the heat collecting tube 1. In addition, when two or more sets of heating assemblies are provided, the light receiving area to be deflected may be reduced, and the cost of the refractor is further reduced.

[58] Specifically, rotation of the lens cover plate 7 may be controlled by manpower or by mechanical automation.

[59] In the present example, the lens cover plate 7 may increase a light condensing area, which improves the utilization rate of the sunlight, and then improves the efficiency of the heat collection and heat dissipation; and further, the lens cover plate 7 may also play a role of shielding, which reduces cleaning frequency of the heat collecting tube 1 and the trough concentrator 2. In addition, under the condition of no need of heating, the lens cover plate 7 may be removed or deflected to make the lens cover plate out of focus, that is, overheating may be prevented.

[60] In some examples, the rotating shafts 61 are connected to a first rotation driving mechanism suitable to drive the rotating shafts to rotate, and the lens cover plate 7 is connected to a second rotation driving mechanism suitable to drive the lens cover plate to rotate; and the solar thermosiphon heating system with graded concentration further includes a light sensor and a controller 8, the controller 8 is connected to the light sensor, the first rotation driving mechanism and the second rotation driving mechanism in communication, and the controller 8 is suitable to receive light intensity signals collected by the light sensor to control the first rotation driving mechanism and the second rotation driving mechanism to rotate.

[61] Specifically, an electric motor, a rotary cylinder or a crank guide rod mechanism or other machines that may realize rotary motion may be used as the first rotation driving mechanism and the second rotation driving mechanism.

[62] In the present example, by means of cooperation between the light sensor and the controller 8, angles of the trough concentrator 2 and the lens cover plate 7 may be adaptively adjusted according to the angles of the sunlight, such that the utilization of the solar energy is maximized.

Of course, as an alternative embodiment, the light sensor may also be removed, a time-varying tracking form with a civil year as a cycle is preset in the controller 8 according to latitude and longitude, and this way may greatly reduces tracking difficulty and reduces investment and operation and maintenance costs.

[63] In some example, a valve is arranged between the heat collecting tube 1 and the wall penetration pipe 3. In summer and other situations where heating is not needed, the valve is closed to prevent the steam of the liquid working medium from flowing into the room, and at the moment, there is only alr in the wall penetration pipe 3, which has high heat resistance and does not transfer excess heat to the room.

In addition, a two-way valve and a three-way pipe may also be used to produce required domestic hot water by using a light-condensing and heat-collecting device of the system.

[64] What are described above are merely the specific embodiments of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or realize the invention.

Many modifications to these examples would have been obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other examples without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the examples described herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features of the present invention herein.

Claims

CONCLUSIONS

1. Solar thermosiphon heating system with graduated concentration, comprising: a heat collecting tube (1), suitable for mounting on the outside of a building, the heat collecting tube (1) being internally filled with a liquid working medium ; a trough concentrator (2), covering the heat collecting tube (1) and adapted to collect sunlight to the heat collecting tube (1); a wall conduit (3), suitable for penetrating a building wall and placed above the heat collecting pipe (1), wherein one end of the wall conduit (3) is in connection with the heat collecting pipe (1); and a condensation pipe (4), suitable for mounting on an inner side of the building wall and located above the wall conduit pipe (3), the condensation pipe (4) communicating with the other end of the wall conduit pipe (3) .

A graduated concentration solar thermosiphon heating system according to claim 1, wherein the condensation tube (4) is a capillary network (41), and the wall duct (3) comprises: a connecting tube portion (31), suitable for internal to be mounted from the building wall and arranged horizontally, with the connecting pipe portion (31) communicating with the capillary network (41); two horizontal wall-conducting pipe sections (32), suitable for penetrating the building wall, whereby the two horizontal wall-conducting pipe sections (32) are separate

in communication with two ends of the connecting tube portion (31); and two sloping pipe sections (33), suitable for mounting on the outside of the building, whereby high ends of the two sloping pipe sections (33) are separately connected to the two horizontal wall-conducting pipe sections (32) , and lower ends thereof are separately connected to two ends of the heat collecting tube (1).

The thermosiphon solar heating system with gradual concentration according to claim 2, wherein a heat storage mortar layer (5) is applied to the capillary network (41).

The graduated concentration solar thermosiphon heating system according to claim 3, wherein the heat storage mortar layer {5} is internally doped with phase change material particles.

A graduated concentration solar thermosiphon heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat collecting tube (1), the trough concentrator (2), the wall conduit tube (3) and the condensation tube (4) form a set of heating assemblies, and at least one set of heating assemblies is provided.

A graduated concentration solar thermosiphon heating system according to claim 5, further comprising: two support columns (6), separately located on two sides of the heat collecting tube (1), with horizontally arranged rotating shafts (61) corresponding to the heat collecting tube (1) are mounted on the support columns (6), the rotating shafts (61) are rotatably connected to the heat collecting tube (1), and the trough concentrator (2) is mounted on the rotating shafts (61).

A graduated concentration solar thermosiphon heating system according to claim 6, further comprising: a lens cover plate (7) adapted to be rotatably mounted on a top of the exterior of the building wall and adapted to direct sunlight into break the trough concentrater (2).

A graduated concentration solar thermosiphon heating system according to claim 7, wherein the rotating shafts (61) are connected to a first rotational drive mechanism adapted to rotate the rotating shafts, the lens cover plate (7 ) is connected to a second rotation drive mechanism adapted to rotate the lens cover plate, and the graduated concentration solar thermosiphon heating system further comprises: a light sensor; and a controller (8) connected to the light sensor, the first rotational drive mechanism and the second rotational drive mechanism being in communication, the controller (8) being adapted to receive light intensity signals collected by the light sensor to control the first rotation drive mechanism and the second rotation drive mechanism to rotate.

Solar thermosiphon heating system with gradual concentration according to claim 5, wherein a valve is arranged between the heat collecting pipe (1) and the wall conduit pipe (3). -0-0-0-