NL2032478B1 - Insulation panel for acoustic and/or thermal insulation, and assembly of such insulation panels - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an insulation panel for insulation, in particular thermal insulation and/or acoustic insulation and/or sound insulation, of a wall or roof part. The invention also relates to an assembly of, preferably mutually coupled, insulation panels according to the invention. The invention further relates to a roof or wall provided with at least one insulation panel and/or an assembly according to the invention.

Description

Insulation panel for acoustic and/or thermal insulation, and assembly of such insulation panels

The invention relates to an insulation panel for insulation, in particular thermal insulation and/or acoustic insulation and/or sound insulation, of a wall or roof part. The invention also relates to an assembly of, preferably mutually coupled, insulation panels according to the invention. The invention further relates to a roof or wall provided with at least one insulation panel and/or an assembly according to the invention.

In the transition to a more sustainable world where natural gas consumption is reduced, making homes more sustainable is an important step. One of the ways to make houses and other types of buildings more sustainable is to apply thermal insulation to wall and roof parts. By installing extra insulation, less energy is needed to keep the house at a comfortable temperature and therefore less energy consumption. In addition to thermal insulation, it is also known to provide walls or roof parts with acoustic insulation to improve sound perception in a room and/or to provide walls or roof parts with sound insulation to reduce noise pollution from inside or outside. A combination of the above three types of insulation is also conceivable and applies with great regularity. There are various solutions for insulating a wall or roof section. Sloping and flat roofs (and roof parts) are usually insulated from the inside. On sloping roofs, the spaces between the rafters and/or purlins applied to these rafters are filled with insulation mats made from glass or rock wool with a typical layer thickness of 15-20 centimeters. The insulation mats are usually covered with plasterboard after installation. Insulating walls from the inside is often achieved in a similar manner by using insulation mats made from glass or rock wool that are covered after installation with false walls, such as plaster or chipboard. The extension walls can then be painted or wallpapered as desired.

Although insulating walls and roof parts leads to various advantages, the process for realizing such insulation is still time-consuming and therefore expensive. Particularly for the (re)insulation of social housing, for example, it is important to achieve the insulation as cost-efficiently as possible. A further disadvantage of the known insulation technique is that the covering (gypsum) plates will bend over time and internal condensation can form, which is not only undesirable from an aesthetic point of view, but also negatively affects the insulating effect. Another disadvantage of the known insulation technique is that the known insulation has limited airtightness and the airtightness decreases over time, which leads to energy loss.

A first aim of the present invention is to provide an improved insulation panel with which at least one of the aforementioned disadvantages can be removed.

A second aim of the present invention is to provide a structurally relatively strong insulation panel.

A third aim of the present invention is to provide an insulation panel with an improved insulation value.

A fourth aim of the present invention is to provide a relatively airtight insulation panel.

In order to achieve at least one of these objectives, the invention provides an insulation panel of the type mentioned in the opening paragraph, comprising: - at least one base plate made at least partly from cross-laminated wood (CLT), - several ribs attached to the base plate, - at least one covering layer connected to at least two ribs and positioned at a distance from the base plate, wherein the at least one base plate, the ribs and the at least one covering layer mutually enclose at least one receiving space, and - at least one, in at least one receiving space applied insulation layer made at least partly from natural fibers and compressed by the base plate and the covering layer.

The insulation panel according to the invention is aimed at the use of cross laminated timber (CLT) as a base plate. The cross-layer wood is composed of cross-connected, usually glued, wooden layers, which provides strength to the base plate in two perpendicular directions. This strength in two directions provides a relatively large amount of constructive design freedom. Each wooden layer is often, but not necessarily, composed of several interconnected, preferably pressure-glued, wooden slats (or planks or slats). Preferably, a polyurethane and/or phenol-formaldehyde adhesive is used. A typical pressing pressure is between 0.5 and 1.0 N/mm2. Preferably, the base layer comprises three laminated wooden layers, wherein (the fibers of) the middle wooden layer extend in a direction that is perpendicular to the direction in which (the fibers) of both outer wooden layers extend. It is conceivable that the base layer is composed of more than three, for example four, five, or more cross-connected wooden layers.

The high strength of the cross-layer wood ensures that the insulation panel according to the invention is structurally strong in two directions, allowing relatively large insulation panels to be used without them immediately or over time bending (sagging), which is disadvantageous for a insulating effect. The cross-layer wood is preferably formed under pressure, so that the wood density of the wood present in the cross-layer wood is usually higher than the initial density (before compression) of the wood used. This benefits the stiffness and construction strength of the base layer. Moreover, this reduces the flammability of the cross-layer wood. In addition, this compression increases the mass per unit volume of the base layer, which has a positive effect on the acoustic insulation capacity as well as the thermal insulation capacity. An additional advantage of cross-layer wood is that the carbon dioxide storage is relatively high can amount to approximately 100-110 kg/m2, which is advantageous from an environmentally friendly point of view. The base plate preferably has a thickness of at least 12 millimeters.

Spruce wood is preferably used to manufacture at least one layer, and preferably each layer, of the cross-layer wood, due to its relatively low density of approximately 350 kg/m3, while pine wood is sufficiently strong for the intended application in insulation panels. However, it is conceivable to make at least one wooden layer, preferably a wooden layer enclosed by two other wooden layers, from a wood other than spruce, preferably from OSB (oriented strand board). Typically, OSB includes wood selected from the group consisting of: pine, spruce, Douglas fir, and hardwood. The wooden particles in OSB are usually glued together using a polyurethane glue and/or phenol formaldehyde glue.

The construction of the insulation panel on top of the base plate is primarily aimed at creating one or more (closed) accommodation space(s) for compressible, compressed insulation layers that mainly consist of natural fibers. The compressible (deformable) insulation layers, in particular insulation mats, initially occupy a larger volume and are kept in a compressed state in the insulation panel to prevent air bridges, and therefore cold bridges, in the insulation panel as much as possible. The compression of the one or more insulation layers takes place at least in height direction by means of compressed confinement of the one or more insulation layers in at least one accommodation space. It is also advantageous if the one or more insulation layers are compressed in the lateral direction by walls, in particular ribs, that laterally limit the accommodation space. One layer of insulation can be installed in one accommodation space. However, it is also conceivable that multiple insulation layers are provided in an accommodation space, which can be arranged next to each other and/or on top of each other.

The use of one or more insulation layers composed of natural fibers provides the insulation panel with a further advantage. The well-known hard synthetic (unnatural) insulation materials have no breathability, which entails significant risks of internal condensation, and therefore of mold formation and an unhealthy living environment. Natural insulating materials, in particular natural fibers as used in the insulation panel according to the invention, naturally have breathable moisture regulation, so that condensation can be avoided. With natural fibers, moisture absorption and release indoors moves with the moisture level outdoors, creating a balanced, natural moisture balance in the (insulated) building. Natural fibers, preferably flax fibers, can absorb significant amounts of moisture, up to 35% (in the case of flax fibers) while the material does not mold. In addition, natural fibers are also cheap and sustainable, making them suitable for (social) housing and non-residential construction. Furthermore, natural fibers have excellent insulation values, which also provides the insulation panel as such with favorable insulation values. The thermal conductivity coefficient (A) of the insulation panel is preferably between 0.02 and 0.05 W/mK, preferably between 0.030 and 0.045

W/mK, preferably at or around 0.038W/mK. The sound-insulating capacity of the insulation panel is preferably at least 5dB(a), preferably at least 15dB(A), even more preferably 25 dB(A) and in one embodiment it can have a sound-insulating capacity of at least 42dB(A).

Preferably at least one rib, and preferably each rib, is glued, preferably only glued, to a top side of the base plate. The ribs are preferably not mechanically connected to the base plate in order to prevent the formation of cold bridges between the ribs and the base plate as much as possible, so that good insulation of the insulation panel can be guaranteed. Preferably at least one rib, and preferably each rib, has a substantially I-shaped cross-section. The weight of an I-profile is relatively limited, while the relatively wide ends can be attached relatively reliably to the adjacent material layers, in particular the base plate and the covering layer. At least one rib, and preferably each rib, preferably includes an upper flange, a lower flange, and a web plate located between the flanges. Each rib is preferably made at least partly of wood. Preferably, at least one rib, preferably each rib, has a modular construction, wherein the web plate and the flanges are formed by separate components. The lower flange is preferably attached to the base plate, whereby the upper flange preferably engages and is preferably attached to the covering layer. It is conceivable, and usually even advantageous, if the lower flange is larger than the upper flange. The load on the bottom flange is usually greater than the load on the top flange, making it advantageous to make the bottom flange more robust. Preferably, the lower flange has a modular construction of at least one upper flange part facing the body plate and at least one lower flange part facing away from the body plate and connected to the base plate. The primary function of the lower flange part is to increase the contact surface with the base plate, so that the strongest possible connection can be achieved between the lower flange part and the base plate. The main function of the upper flange is to secure the web plate and to transfer forces between the web plate and the lower flange part. The lower flange part is often larger than the upper flange part. Typically, the web plate is received in both a groove formed in the lower flange and a groove formed in the upper flange. Preferably, the upper flange part and the lower flange part are mutually connected by means of at least one mechanical fastening element, such as a staple, screw, and/or nail, and/or by means of glue. Such a mechanical connection is relatively strong and durable. Preferably, the lower flange part is only glued to the base plate. As already indicated, merely gluing the bottom flange part to the base plate prevents the formation of a cold bridge between the rib and the base plate, which benefits the insulation capacity of the insulation panel. It is also conceivable to manufacture the lower flange part and the upper flange part from one piece. It is also conceivable that the bottom flange has a constant width.

Preferably at least two ribs, and possibly all ribs, are oriented substantially parallel to each other. The insulation panels according to the invention are generally elongated and rectangular, with at least two ribs preferably extending in the longitudinal direction of the insulation panel. It is conceivable, especially with larger insulation panels, that in addition to the aforementioned longitudinal ribs, one or more transverse ribs are also used that extend in a transverse direction (perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the insulation panel).

The covering layer can be designed in various ways. Preferably, the covering layer is at least partly formed by a covering plate, in particular a covering plate made at least partly of wood, preferably an OSB plate and/or chipboard. This leads to a so-called double-shell insulation panel. It is also conceivable that the covering layer is at least partly formed by a covering cloth, in particular a water-resistant covering cloth.

If this cover cloth is used without a cover plate, it is usually referred to as a single-shell vapor element. It is conceivable that the covering layer comprises both a covering plate and a covering cloth. Preferably, at least one water vapor barrier layer is provided between the ribs and the base plate. This water vapor barrier layer, also called a vapor barrier layer, prevents the escape of vapor from, for example, a home or other structure that is insulated by means of insulation panels according to the invention via these insulation panels, so that the climate in the home or other type of structure can be guaranteed as much as possible. Moreover, this allows energy losses to be limited as much as possible. Preferably, the above-mentioned water vapor barrier layer is at least partly made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of: bitumen, EPDM, PVC and aluminium.

The vapor barrier layer is preferably positioned under the lower flange, although it is also conceivable that the vapor barrier layer is partially positioned between the lower flange part and the upper flange part (if used), which facilitates the securing and attachment of both the vapor barrier layer and the lower flange part. flange part easier.

In an embodiment of the insulation panel according to the invention, at least part of the natural fibers of the at least one compressible insulation layer are formed by vegetable fibers, preferably at least one vegetable fiber selected from the group consisting of: flax, jute, hemp , cattail, elephant grass, banana leaf, sisal, bagasse, coconut and cotton. It is also conceivable that at least part of the natural fibers of the at least one compressible insulation layer are formed by vegetable bast fibers, preferably at least one vegetable fiber selected from the group consisting of jute, vias, ramie, hemp, and kenaf. It is also conceivable that at least part of the natural fibers of the at least one compressible insulation layer are formed by vegetable seed fibres, preferably at least one vegetable fiber selected from the group consisting of cotton, coconut and kapok. It is also conceivable that at least part of the natural fibers of the at least one compressible insulation layer are formed by vegetable leaf fibers, preferably at least one vegetable fiber selected from the group consisting of sisal, pineapple, and abaca. It is also conceivable that at least part of the natural fibers of the at least one compressible insulation layer are formed by vegetable grass and/or reed fibers, preferably at least one vegetable fiber selected from the group consisting of rice, corn and wheat. It is also conceivable that at least part of the natural fibers of the at least one compressible insulating layer are formed by vegetable wood fibers and/or root fibers.

In an embodiment of the insulation panel according to the invention, at least part of the natural fibers of the at least one compressible insulation layer are formed by animal fibers, preferably at least one animal fiber selected from the group consisting of: wool, (horse) hair, avian fibers, and silk. For wool, consider alpaca, llama or sheep's wool. An animal fiber is suitable for thermal insulation. Avian fibers include fibers from birds, such as feathers.

It is advantageous if the compressible insulation layer, preferably the insulation mat as such, is provided with a fire-retardant substance. A fire-retardant substance is advantageous to prevent or at least delay the transfer of the belt from one room to another in the event of a fire in the room insulated with insulation panels according to the invention. It is conceivable that the base plate is (also) impregnated with a fire-retardant substance.

In a preferred embodiment, the insulation panel comprises at least one peripheral wall that extends from the base plate to, preferably a peripheral edge of, the covering layer and which preferably bounds at least part of at least one receiving space, wherein the peripheral wall can be at least partially formed. by a rib, but can also be formed by a different type of wall, such as a lateral closing strip. Preferably, the insulation layer is compressed in lateral direction by at least two ribs and/or by at least one rib and at least one peripheral wall of the insulation panel.

As indicated earlier, this prevents the formation of air bridges and therefore cold bridges.

The thickness of the insulation panel is preferably at least 10 centimeters, and is preferably between 10 and 42 centimeters. The length of the insulation panel can vary greatly and is usually between 1 meter and 13 meters.

It is conceivable that the insulation panel is provided with at least one rain gutter, wherein the rain gutter preferably forms part of and/or is connected to the base plate, and/or wherein the rain gutter extends in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the ribs. Instead of or in addition to a rain gutter, one or more other accessories can also be used, such as one or more lifting loops for transporting and/or hoisting the insulation panel. Another example of an accessory is a mechanical fastening element, such as a hinge or a hook. In addition, it is conceivable that other accessories or structural elements can be installed, such as an overhang, in particular a gable overhang.

In a preferred embodiment, the base plate is larger than the covering layer, wherein the base plate in particular projects at least on two sides, preferably on four sides, relative to the covering layer (seen from a frontal view). Preferably, the base plate protrudes at least 1 centimeter on at least one side relative to the covering layer. This simplifies placement and installation of the insulation panels on or in a roof and/or against or in a wall.

The invention also relates to an assembly of insulation panels according to the invention, wherein protruding parts of the base plates of adjacent insulation panels connect to each other, such that an intermediate receiving space is formed above the connecting protruding parts of adjacent base plates, with each intermediate space on an upper side. is closed by at least one closing strip (or other closing element) that preferably connects laterally to the covering layers, in particular covering plates, of the adjacent insulation panels, and whereby at least one, preferably every, intermediate space is filled with at least one, at least insulation layer made at least partly from natural fibers and compressed by the base plate and the closing strip (or other closing element).

The invention further relates to a roof or wall provided with at least one insulation panel according to the invention and/or with the aforementioned assembly according to the invention.

The invention will be further explained on the basis of the following non-limiting figures, in which: - Figure 14 shows an end cross-section of an embodiment of an insulation panel according to the invention;

- Figure ib is a cutaway top view of the insulation panel according to figure 1a; - Figure 2 shows a first cross-section of a second embodiment of an insulation panel according to the invention; - Figure 3 shows a cross-section of an assembly of two insulation panels according to figure 2; - Figure 4 shows a perspective view of an openwork roof of a house in which insulation panels according to the invention have been used; and - Figure 5 shows a schematic view of the use of insulation panels according to the invention as wall insulation.

Figure 1 shows a cross-section of an embodiment of an insulation panel 1 according to the invention. The insulation panel 1 comprises a cross-layered wooden (CLT) base plate 2. The base plate 2 comprises several layers that together provide a sturdy and rigid base plate 2. Several ribs 3 are attached to the base plate 2. The ribs 3 together with the base plate 2 and a covering layer 4 enclose a receiving space 5. An insulating layer 6 of insulating material is arranged in a compressed manner in the accommodation space 5. The insulation material consists of natural fibres, preferably flax. The insulating layer 6 is compressed by the base plate 2 and the covering layer 4. The entire accommodation space 5 is thus filled with insulating material 6. Air holes in the accommodation space 5 are prevented, so that a better insulation value is achieved. Flax is a suitable material for this and can fill the entire accommodation space. The insulation layer 6 can consist of two flax mats, which are separated from each other by the dotted line 7.

In the embodiment shown, the covering layer 4 of the insulation panel 1 is made of OSB board and/or chipboard. A vapor barrier layer 8 has also been applied adjacent to the base plate to reduce condensation in the insulation panel. The vapor barrier layer 7 is indicated by a dotted line. This vapor barrier is, for example, an aluminum foil layer or HDPE layer.

In the embodiment shown, the ribs 3 are essentially I-shaped. Each rib 3 comprises an upper flange 9a and a lower flange, the lower flange having two parts

9b,9c. Each rib 3 further comprises a web plate 10, which extends between the upper flange 9a and the upper part of the lower flange 9b. The upper flange 9a is glued to the OSB plate or chipboard 4. The lower part of the lower flange 9c is glued to the base plate 2. The two parts of the lower flange 9b,9c are mechanically connected to each other, for example with screws or staples.

The bonding prevents the formation of cold bridges in the insulation panel 1.

The cross-layer wooden base plate 2 projects with respect to the covering layer 4, indicated by distance A. In the embodiment shown, this distance A is approximately 10-15 mm. The cross-layer wooden base plate 2 consists of three laminated wooden layers, 23,2b,2c. The wood layers 2a, 2b, 2¢ are cross-glued together. Each individual wooden layer 24,2b,2c is composed of interconnected (glued) wooden parts. The thickness of the plate 2 is approximately 12 or 16 mm.

The total thickness of the insulation panel can vary between 10 cm and 42 cm, whereby the thickness of the insulation layer 6 and the length of the (longitudinal) ribs 3 are adjusted to the desired thickness of the insulation panel (and the thickness of the cross-layer wooden panel 2). . Dotted line 11 shows the position of an upper flange of an applied transverse rib. Dotted line 12 shows the position of a lower flange in the aforementioned transverse rib.

Figure 1b shows an exploded top view of the panel 1 as shown in Figure 1a. Corresponding parts are indicated with identical reference numbers.

The covering layer 4 is indicated by a dotted line. It is thus visible that the base plate 2 protrudes on four sides (over a distance A) relative to the covering layer 4. This view also shows that in addition to longitudinal ribs 3, transverse ribs 13 are also provided in the insulation panel to increase the stiffness and strength. . The centrally located transverse rib 13 is preferably positioned completely between the adjoining longitudinal ribs 3, so as not to weaken the longitudinal ribs 3. Figure 1b also indicates by reference numeral 56 that at least one side of the insulation panel can be provided with an accessory, such as for example, at least part of at least one rain gutter.

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of an insulation panel 21 according to the invention. This embodiment comprises a covering cloth 24 instead of a wooden plate as shown in Figures 1a, 1b. By using the covering cloth 24, a water vapor barrier layer as shown in Figures 1a, 1b is no longer necessary.

Furthermore, the same parts are present. The insulation panel 21 comprises a cross-layered wooden (CLT) base plate 22. The base plate 22 comprises several layers that together provide a sturdy and rigid base plate 22. Several ribs 23 are attached to the base plate 22. The ribs 23 are essentially I-shaped. The ribs 23 together with the base plate 22 and a covering layer 24 enclose a receiving space 25. An insulating layer 26 of insulating material is arranged in a compressed manner in the accommodation space 25. The insulation material consists of natural fibers, for example flax. The insulating layer 26 is compressed by the base plate 22 and the covering layer 24. The entire accommodation space 25 is thus filled with insulating material 6. Air holes in the accommodation space 25 are prevented, so that a better insulation value is achieved. Flax is a suitable material for this and can fill the entire recording space. The insulating layer 26 may consist of two flax mats, which are separated from each other by the dotted line 27.

The base plate 22 projects with respect to the covering layer 24, indicated by distance A. In the embodiment shown, this distance A is approximately 15 to 20 mm. The total thickness of the insulation panel can vary between 10 cm and 42 cm, whereby the thickness of the insulation layer 26 and the length of the ribs 23 are adjusted to the desired thickness of the insulation panel.

Each rib 23 comprises an upper flange 29a and a lower flange, the lower flange comprising two parts 29b, 29¢c. Each rib 23 further includes a web plate 210, which extends between the upper flange 9a and the upper portion of the lower flange 29b. The top flange 29a is preferably glued to the covering cloth 24. The lower part of the bottom flange 29c is glued to the base plate 22. The two parts of the bottom lens 29b, 29c are mechanically connected to each other, for example with screws or staples. The bonding prevents the formation of cold bridges in the insulation panel 21.

The cross-layer wooden base plate 2 projects with respect to the covering layer 4, indicated by distance A. In the embodiment shown, this distance A is approximately 15 mm. The cross-layer wooden base plate 2 consists of three laminated wooden layers, 24,2b,2c. The wood layers 24,2b,2c are cross-glued together. Each individual wooden layer 24,2b,2c is composed of interconnected (glued) wooden parts. The thickness of the plate 2 is approximately 15 or 20 mm.

The total thickness of the insulation panel can vary between 10 cm and 42 cm, whereby the thickness of the insulation layer 6 and the length of the ribs 3 are adjusted to the desired thickness of the insulation panel (and the thickness of the cross-layer wooden plate 2).

Dotted line 211 shows the position of an upper flange of an applied transverse rib. Dotted line 212 shows the position of a lower flange in the aforementioned transverse rib.

Figure 3 shows an assembly 30 of two insulation panels 31a, 31b according to the invention and as shown in figure 2. The insulation panels 31a, 31b are preferably of the type as shown in figures 1a, 1b. The base plates 32a, 32b of the adjacent insulation panels connect to each other. This creates an intermediate receiving space, briefly referred to as intermediate space 35c, between the outer ribs 33a, 33b of the two adjacent insulation panels 314, 31b. The space 35c is enclosed by the base plates 32a, 32b and a closing strip 34c. The closing strip 34c closes the gap 35c at the top. The closing strip 34c connects laterally to the covering layers 34a, 34b. The intermediate space 35c is filled with an insulating layer consisting of natural fibres, preferably flax. This insulation layer 36c is compressed by the base plates 22a, 22b, the ribs 33a, 33b, the cover plates 34a, 34b and the closing strip 34c. The assembly 30 is adjacent to a roof structure or wall 301.

Figure 4 shows a perspective view of an openwork roof of a house 40 in which insulation panels 41 according to the invention have been used. The insulation panels are placed between the roof partitions 42 and the roof tiles 43.

The base plate of the insulation panels faces the interior space 40a of the house.

Figure 5 shows a schematic view of the use of insulation panels 511, 51b according to the invention as wall insulation. The insulation panels 51 are placed between the inner wall 52 of a house and the masonry outer wall 53. The base plate of the insulation panels 52 faces the inner wall 52. Optionally, stone supports 54 can be used, which are placed between two panels 51a, 51b. The transition between two panels 51a, 51b can optionally be covered with tape 55.

It should be clear that the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown and described here, but that numerous variants are possible within the framework of the appended claims, which will be obvious to the skilled person in this field. It is conceivable that different inventive concepts and/or technical measures of the embodiment variants described above can be fully or partially combined without renouncing the inventive idea described in the enclosed claims.

The verb 'comprise' and its conjugations used in this patent do not only mean 'comprise', but also the expressions 'contain', 'substantially consist', 'formed by', and conjugations thereof.

Claims (30)

Conclusions 1. Insulation panel for acoustic and/or thermal insulation of a wall or roof part, comprising: - at least one base plate made at least partly from cross-layered wood (CLT), - several ribs attached to the base plate, - at least one with at least two ribs connected, covering layer positioned at a distance from the base plate, wherein the at least one base plate, the ribs and the at least one covering layer mutually enclose at least one accommodation space, and - at least one, at least partially arranged in at least one accommodation space Insulating layer made from natural fibers and compressed by the base plate and the covering layer. 2. Insulation panel according to claim 1, wherein at least one rib, and preferably each rib, is glued, preferably only glued, to a top side of the base plate. 3. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one rib, and preferably each rib, has a substantially L-shaped cross-section. 4. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one rib, and preferably each rib, comprises an upper flange, a lower flange, and a web plate located between the flanges. 5. Insulation panel according to claim 4, wherein the lower flange is attached to the base plate and the upper flange engages and is preferably attached to the covering layer. 6. Insulation panel according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the lower flange is larger than the upper flange. 7. Insulation panel according to any one of claims 4-6, wherein the lower flange is modularly constructed from at least one upper flange part facing the web plate and at least one lower flange part facing away from the web plate and connected to the base plate. 8. Insulation panel according to claim 7, wherein the upper flange part and the lower flange part are mutually connected by means of at least one mechanical fastening element, such as a staple, screw, and/or nail, and optionally additionally by means of glue, and wherein the lower flange part is only glued with the base plate. 9. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two ribs, preferably all ribs, are oriented essentially parallel to each other. 10. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the covering layer is at least partly formed by a covering plate, in particular a covering plate made at least partly of wood, preferably an OSB plate and/or chipboard. 11. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the covering layer is at least partly formed by a covering cloth, in particular a water-resistant covering cloth. 12. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one water vapor barrier layer is arranged between the ribs and the base plate. 13. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said water vapor barrier layer is at least partly made of at least one material selected from the group consisting of: bitumen, EPDM, PVC and aluminium. 14. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least part of the insulation layer made from natural fibers is made from vegetable fibres, preferably at least one vegetable fiber selected from the group consisting of: flax, jute, hemp, cattail, elephant grass , grass and cotton. 15. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least part of the insulation layer made from natural fibers is made from animal fibres, preferably at least one animal fiber selected from the group consisting of: wool and silk. 16. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein said compressible insulation layer made from natural fibers is provided with a fire retardant. 17. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-ply wood is composed of several, preferably at least three, laminated wood layers that are cross-connected to each other, preferably glued. 18. Insulation panel according to claim 17, wherein at least one wooden layer is composed of wooden planks, wooden strips or wooden slats positioned next to each other, mutually connected, preferably mutually glued. 19. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross-layer wood is at least partly made of spruce wood. 20. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the base plate has a thickness of at least 12 millimeters. 21. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation panel comprises at least one peripheral wall that extends from the base plate to, preferably a peripheral edge of, the covering layer and which preferably bounds at least part of at least one accommodation space. 22. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation layer is compressed by at least two ribs and/or by at least one rib and at least one peripheral wall of the insulation panel. 23. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the multiple ribs attached to the base plate are formed by at least one longitudinal rib that extends in the longitudinal direction of the insulation panel, and at least one transverse rib that extends in the transverse direction of the insulation panel. 24. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the thickness of the insulation panel is at least 10 centimeters, and is preferably between 10 and 42 centimeters. 25. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation panel is provided with at least one rain gutter, wherein the rain gutter preferably forms part of and/or is connected to the base plate, and/or wherein the rain gutter extends in a direction that is substantially is perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the ribs. 26. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation panel is provided with at least one lifting loop for transporting and/or hoisting the insulation panel. 27. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation panel is provided with at least one structural element such as an overhang, in particular a gable overhang. 28. Insulation panel according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the base plate is larger than the covering layer, and wherein the base plate projects in particular on at least two sides, preferably four sides, with respect to the covering layer, and wherein the base plate extends on at least one side protrudes at least 1 centimeter from the covering layer. 29. Assembly of insulation panels according to claim 28, wherein protruding parts of the base plates of adjacent insulation panels connect to each other, such that an intermediate receiving space is formed above the connecting protruding parts of adjacent base plates, wherein each intermediate space is closed at a top by at least one closing strip that preferably connects laterally to the covering layers, in particular covering plates, of the adjacent insulation panels, and whereby at least one, preferably every, intermediate space is filled with at least one, at least partly made of natural fibers, and through the base plate and the closing strip compressed insulation layer. 30. Roof or wall provided with at least one insulation panel according to any one of claims 1-28 and/or an assembly according to claim 29.