NL2032276B1 - Composting Device for Recycling Agricultural Straw - Google Patents

Composting Device for Recycling Agricultural Straw Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2032276B1
NL2032276B1 NL2032276A NL2032276A NL2032276B1 NL 2032276 B1 NL2032276 B1 NL 2032276B1 NL 2032276 A NL2032276 A NL 2032276A NL 2032276 A NL2032276 A NL 2032276A NL 2032276 B1 NL2032276 B1 NL 2032276B1
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
fermentation tank
motor
side wall
fermentation
fixedly connected
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NL2032276A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Yang Yadong
Luo Tao
Zhao Jianning
Wei Zheng
Du Xinzhong
Pan Junting
Zhai Limei
Lei Qiuliang
Li Jie
Zhang Guilong
Wang Yajing
Li Yeqing
Li Ronghua
Wei Dan
Sun Jianhong
Yan Cheng
Liu Hongbin
Wang Hongyuan
Wu Shuxia
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Agro Environmental Prot Institute Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Affairs
Inst Agri Resources Caas
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Publication of NL2032276B1 publication Critical patent/NL2032276B1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/993—Arrangements for measuring process parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure or humidity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • C05F17/979—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being gaseous
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/964—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors
    • C05F17/971—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material
    • C05F17/986—Constructional parts, e.g. floors, covers or doors for feeding or discharging materials to be treated; for feeding or discharging other material the other material being liquid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a composting device for recycling agricultural straws, where the device comprises a crushing assembly, and the crushing assembly is provided with a first feeding inlet and a first feeding outlet and a plurality of shredding knives; a fermentation mechanism comprising a fermentation tank, a stack-turning assembly and a temperature-humidity control assembly, where the top of the fermentation tank is provided with a second feeding inlet located at the bottom of the first feeding outlet; the stack-turning assembly comprises several turnover knives and a first motor, and the first motor is connected with the turnover knives in a transmission way; the temperature-humidity control assembly comprises a plurality of first air outlets, a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of spray ports and a plurality of moisture meters; the fermentation tank is internally provided with a mesh panel which is located at the bottom of the turnover knives, the first air outlets and the moisture meters; the bottom of the mesh panel is a liquid storage cavity, and a liquid outlet is arranged inside the liquid storage cavity. The device achieves controlling of conditions needed in the fermentation process, improvement of the fermentation process, and collection of the pollutants generated by fermentation so as to avoid environmental pollution.

Description

Composting Device for Recycling Agricultural Straw
TECHNICAL FIELD The application relates to the technical field of aerobic fermentation and composting, in particular to a composting device for recycling agricultural straws.
BACKGROUND As a large agricultural country, China produces hundreds of millions of tonnes of crop straw every year, which is usually burned after the crop is harvested, resulting in serious air pollution and is banned by the state. It is necessary to better utilize crop straw as a resource with turning crop straw into organic fertilizer being an important method; but currently, most straw composting is carried out in the open or in the fields, requiring conditions that are not easy to control while offering poor fermentation of straw and easy secondary pollution during the fermentation.
SUMMARY With objectives of solving the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a composting device for recycling agricultural straws with advantages of facilitated controlling of conditions in the straw fermentation and collecting of pollutants generated in the fermentation, and environmental pollution is therefore effectively avoided. To achieve the above objectives, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a composting device for recycling agricultural straws, comprising: a crushing assembly provided with a first feeding inlet and a first feeding outlet, and a plurality of shredding knives; and a fermentation mechanism, comprising a fermentation tank, a stack-turning assembly, and a temperature-humidity control assembly, where the fermentation tank is provided with a second feeding inlet on its top end, and the second feeding inlet is located at the bottom of the first feeding outlet; the stack-turning assembly comprises several turnover knives and a first motor, where the turnover knives are located inside the fermentation tank, and the first motor is in transmission connection with the turnover knives; the temperature-humidity control assembly comprises a plurality of first air outlets, a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of spray ports and a plurality of moisture meters, where the first air outlets, the temperature sensors, the spray ports and the moisture meters are located inside the fermentation tank; the fermentation tank is provided with a mesh panel at the inside, and the mesh panel is located at the bottom of the turnover knives, the first air outlets and the moisture meters; the bottom of the mesh panel is a liquid storage cavity, and a liquid outlet is arranged inside the liquid storage cavity. Preferably, the stack-turning assembly comprises a first rotating shaft, the outer edge of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the turnover knives; the side wall of the fermentation tank is perforated with an oblong hole; one end of the first rotating shaft is movably connected with the side wall of the fermentation tank, and the other end of the first rotating shaft is set through the oblong hole; the outer side wall of the fermentation tank is fixedly connected with a platform which is slidably connected with the first motor, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the fermentation tank is fixedly connected with a first groove, one end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a first bearing, the first bearing is in the first groove, the outer edge of the first groove is fixedly connected with two first baffles, and the distance between the two first baffles is smaller than the diameter of the first bearing.
Preferably, the inner side wall of the fermentation tank is fixedly connected with two second grooves, the notches of the two second grooves are oppositely arranged; one end of the first rotating shaft close to the first motor is fixedly connected with a second bearing, the second bearing is located between the two second grooves; the outer side wall of the fermentation tank is fixedly connected with a mounting plate, the top end of the mounting plate is fixedly connected with a rack, and one end of the first rotating shaft close to the first motor is fixedly connected with a gear, where the gear meshes with the rack.
Preferably, the platform is located at the bottom of the first motor, the top of the platform is provided with two chutes, the bottom of the first motor is fixedly connected with a motor base, the bottom of the motor base is fixedly connected with two supporting legs, the two supporting legs are respectively fixedly connected with rollers; the top of the two chutes are respectively fixedly connected with second baffles, and the second baffles are located at the top of the rollers.
Preferably, the first air outlets are arranged on a first ventilation pipe which is connected with a fan, a heater is installed between the fan and the first ventilation pipe, a second ventilation pipe is fixedly connected between the heater and the first ventilation pipe; the second ventilation pipe is provided with a second air outlet, and the second air outlet is arranged at the top of the first air outlets; a plurality of temperature sensors are installed in the first ventilation pipe; the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are respectively provided with electromagnetic valves, the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe respectively penetrate through the side wall of the fermentation tank; the spray ports are arranged on a spray pipe, the spray pipe is communicated with a pipeline, one end of the pipeline far from the spray pipe is communicated with a solution tank; the spray pipe is annular and fixedly connected to the top of the fermentation tank, and a pressure pump is installed on the pipeline.
Preferably, the side wall of the fermentation tank is fixedly connected with a fixed block, the mesh panel is located at the top of the fixed block, and the side wall of the fermentation tank is provided with the liquid outlet which is located inside the liquid storage cavity.
Preferably, the fermentation tank is detachably connected with a cover, and the cover is located at the top of the second feeding inlet.
Preferably, the top side wall of the fermentation tank is perforated with a vent hole, and the moisture meter is provided with a probe, where the probe penetrates through the side wall of the fermentation tank and is located inside the fermentation tank; any side wall of the fermentation tank is provided with a sealing door, and a controller is installed on the sealing door, where the controller is electrically connected with the first motor, the heater, the electromagnetic valve, the pressure pump, the temperature sensor, the moisture meter and the fan.
Preferably, the crushing assembly comprises a shell, a second motor and a second rotating shaft, where the top end of the shell is provided with the first feeding inlet, the bottom end of the shell is provided with the first feeding outlet, both ends of the second rotating shaft are perforated on the side wall of the shell, the second rotating shaft is rotationally connected with the shell, the second motor is located outside the shell, and the bottom end of the second motor is fixedly connected with a bracket, where the bracket is fixedly connected with the shell; and the output end of the second motor is fixed to the second rotating shaft, and a number of the shredding knives are fixed to the outer edge of the second rotating shaft.
The application discloses the following technical effects: the device is provided with a crushing component to crush larger straws, and the crushed straws are rather conducive to fermentation; the crushed straw is fermented in the fermentation tank, and the temperature- humidity control assembly includes temperature sensors, spray ports and moisture meters; during the feeding process, the solution containing fermenting bacteria or nitrogen fertilizer is sprayed through the spray port, the temperature sensor monitors the temperature of the straw pile during the fermentation process, and the first motor in the stack-turning assembly drives several turnover knives to turn the fermented straw, so that the fermented straw pile can be turned over, and the position of the fermented straw pile can be adjusted while the temperature of the fermented straw is adjusted so as to increase the fermentation speed; the moisture meter detects the moisture content in the fermented straw pile; the first air outlets can blow out cold air and hot air for adjusting the required temperature in the fermentation process; and the fermentation liquid produced in the fermentation process flows into the liquid storage cavity through the mesh panel and is discharged through the liquid outlet. The device achieves controlling of conditions needed in the fermentation process, improvement of the fermentation process, and collection of the pollutants generated by fermentation so as to avoid environmental pollution.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES In order to more clearly explain the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the figures that need to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the figures in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application . For those of ordinary skill in the art, other figures can be obtained according to these figures without any creative labour. Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a composting device for recycling agricultural straws of the present application. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of A-A structure in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of a in Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of b in Fig. 1. Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of the appearance structure of the present application. Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of the crushing assembly of the present application. Among them, 1. First feeding inlet; 2. First discharging port; 3. Shredding knife; 4. Second feeding inlet; 5. Turnover knife; 6. First motor; 7. Fermentation tank; 8. First air outlet; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Spray port; 11. Moisture meter; 12. Mesh plate; 13. Liquid storage cavity; 14. Liquid outlet; 15. First rotating shaft; 16. Platform; 17. First groove; 18. First bearing;
19. Second groove; 20. Second bearing; 21. Mounting plate; 22. Rack; 23. Gear; 24. Motor base; 25. Supporting leg; 26. Roller; 27. Second baffle; 28. Fan; 29. Solution tank; 30. Spray pipe; 31. Heater; 32. Second air outlet; 33. Electromagnetic valve; 34. Pressure pump; 35. Fixed block; 38. Cover; 37. Sealing door; 38. Controller; 39. Second motor; 40. Second rotating shaft; 41. Shell; 42. Bracket; 43. Vent hole; 44. First baffle; 45. Chute.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the figures in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application , but not all of them. Based on the embodiment of the present application , all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative labour are within the scope of the present application . In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the present application will be explained in further detail below with reference to the figures and detailed description. Referring to Figs. 1-6, the application provides a composting device for recycling agricultural straws, which comprises: a crushing assembly provided with a first feeding inlet 1 and a first feeding outlet 2, and the crushing assembly comprises a plurality of shredding knives 3, where the straw enters the crushing assembly from the first feeding inlet 1 and is crushed by the shredding knife 3, followed by being discharged from the first feeding outlet 2;
a fermentation mechanism, comprising a fermentation tank 7, a stack-turning assembly and a temperature-humidity control assembly, where the top of the fermentation tank 7 is perforated with a second feeding inlet 4 which is located at the bottom of the first feeding outlet 2; the stack-turning assembly comprises turnover knives 5 and a first motor 6; the turnover knives 5 5 are located inside the fermentation tank 7; the first motor 8 is in transmission connection with the turnover knives 5; the temperature-humidity control assembly comprises a plurality of first air outlets 8, a plurality of temperature sensors 9, a plurality of spray ports 10 and a plurality of moisture meters 11; several first air outlets 8, several temperature sensors 9, several spray ports 10 and several moisture meters 11 are located inside the fermentation tank 7; the fermentation tank 7 is provided with a mesh panel 12, which is located at the bottom of the turnover knives 5, the first air outlets 8 and the moisture meter 11; the bottom of the mesh panel 12 is a liquid storage cavity 13, and the liquid storage cavity 13 is provided with a liquid outlet
14. The crushed straw enters the fermentation tank 7 from the second feeding inlet 4; during the process of straw entering the fermentation tank 7, the spray ports 10 will spray the solution with fermenting bacteria at intervals according to the amount of straw entering the fermentation tank 7, so that the straw can keep a certain water content, and are better mixed with the fermenting bacteria at the same time; as the entering finished, the first air outlets 8 are located in the straw, and internal temperature of the straw pile as the fermentation raw material gradually rises during fermentation, where the temperature is adjusted according to different fermentation stages; when the temperature is too high, low-temperature air is introduced through the first air outlets 8 for cooling; it is necessary to turnover the pile when the fermentation process is carried out for a period of time, where the first motor 6 drives the turnover knives 5 to turn over and stir the fermentation raw material, so that the straw outside the raw material pile can exchange positions with the straw inside, and the uniformity of straw fermentation can be improved. In this embodiment, every two adjacent turnover knives 5 are a group, and the bending directions of the two adjacent turnover knives 5 are different; all turnover knives 5 bend in the same direction of movement, so as to increase the turnover area of each turnover knife 5 and improve the working efficiency; the moisture meter 11 is located inside the straw and is used to detect the moisture content in the straw during fermentation; water can be sprayed through the spray ports 10 if the water content is insufficient; all the fermented straws in the fermentation tank 7 are stacked on the mesh panel 12, which will continuously produce fermentation liquid during the fermentation process and the fermentation liquid will flow through the mesh panel 12 into the liquid storage cavity 13 and finally be discharged through the liquid outlet 14 for reuse. In a further optimization scheme, the stack-turning assembly comprises a first rotating shaft 15, the outer edge of first rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected with turnover knives 5; the side wall of the fermentation tank 7 is perforated with an oblong hole, one end of the first rotating shaft 15 is movably connected with the side wall of the fermentation tank 7, and the other end of the first rotating shaft 15 is penetrated into the oblong hole; the outer side wall of the fermentation tank 7 is fixedly connected with a platform 16, the platform 16 is slidably connected with the first motor 6, and the output end of the first motor 6 is fixedly connected with the first rotating shaft 15; the first motor 6 drives the first rotating shaft 15 to rotate, and the first rotating shaft 15 drives the turnover knives 5 to turn over the pile; the first motor 6 can slide on the platform 16, and the first rotating shaft 15 can move inside the oblong hole, which can turn over the fermented raw materials at different positions in the fermentation process so as to ensure a rather uniform fermentation of the straw.
In a further optimization scheme, a first groove 17 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the fermentation tank 7; a first bearing 18 is fixedly connected to one end of the first rotating shaft 15, and the first bearing 18 is inside the first groove 17; two first baffles 44 are fixedly connected to the outer edge of the first groove 17, and the distance between the two first baffles 44 is smaller than the diameter of the first bearing 18; the first rotating shaft 15 slides in the first groove 17 through the first bearing 18, and the two first baffles 44 prevent the first bearing 18 from coming out of the first groove 17; the first rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the first bearing 18.
In a further optimization scheme, two second grooves 19 are fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the fermentation tank 7, where the notches of the two second grooves 19 are oppositely arranged; one end of the first rotating shaft 15 near the first motor 6 is fixedly connected with a second bearing 20, and the second bearing 20 is located between the two second grooves 19; the outer side wall of the fermentation tank 7 is fixedly connected with a mounting plate 21, and the top end of the mounting plate 21 is fixedly connected with a rack 22; one end of the first rotating shaft 15 near the first motor 6 is fixedly connected with a gear 23 that meshes with the rack 22, and the other end of the first rotating shaft 15 is fixedly connected with the second bearing 20 and is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the second bearing 20; the second bearing 20 is in the grooves of the two second grooves 19, so that both ends of the first rotating shaft 15 can slide; when the first motor 6 rotates, it drives the gear 23 to rotate and to mesh with the rack 22 so as to drive the first rotating shaft 15 to slide along the oblong hole; the first motor 6 is slidably connected with the platform 16, which can ensure a stable transmission of first motor 6.
In a further optimization scheme, the platform 16 is located at the bottom of the first motor 6; the top of the platform 16 is provided with two chutes 45, and the bottom of the first motor 6 is fixedly connected with a motor base 24, where the bottom of the motor base 24 is fixedly connected with two supporting legs 25, and the two supporting legs 25 are respectively fixedly connected with a roller 26; the top of the two chutes 45 is respectively fixedly connected with a second baffle 27 that located at the top of the roller 26; the first motor 6 is fixedly connected with the motor base 24, and the two supporting legs 25 of the motor base 24 are fixedly connected with the roller 26; the roller 26 rolls in the chute 45 to make the first motor 6 slide on the platform 16, and the second baffle 27 prevents the roller 26 from coming out of the chute 45. In a further optimization scheme, the first air outlets 8 are set on a first ventilation pipe, where the first ventilation pipe is connected with a fan 28; the fan 28 is provided with a heater arranged between the fan and the first ventilation pipe; a second ventilation pipe is fixed between the heater 31 and the first ventilation pipe, where the second ventilation pipe is provided with a second air outlet 32, and the second air outlet is located on the top of the first air outlets 8; several temperature sensors 9 are installed inside the first ventilation pipe; the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are respectively installed with an electromagnetic valve 33 and respectively perforated onto the side wall of the fermentation tank 7; the spray ports 10 are opened on a spray pipe 30, and the spray pipe 30 is connected with a pipeline, one end of the pipeline far away from the spray pipe 30 is connected with a solution tank 29; the spray pipe 30 is annular and fixedly connected to the top of the fermentation tank 7, and a pressure pump 34 is installed on the pipeline; the fan 28 is communicated with the first ventilation pipe, and the first ventilation pipe is provided with the first air outlets 8; the first ventilation pipe is detachably connected by threads in actual practice, where the first ventilation pipe with the first air outlets 8 needs to be inserted into the fermented straw pile, so that the fermented straw pile can be ventilated rather conveniently; the temperature sensor 9 is installed inside the first ventilation pipe inserted into the fermented straw pile at the same time, achieving arather accurate mastering of the temperature inside the fermented straw pile; the heater 31 is used to heat the wind inside the first ventilation pipe; when the fermented straw needs to be heated, the heater 31 and the fan 28 are turned on, and hot air is blown into the fermented straw; and when the fermented straw needs to be cooled, the heater 31 is turned off, and the outside cold air can be directly blown in; the second ventilation pipe is provided with a second air outlet 32, where the second air outlet 32 is used to control the temperature outside the fermented straw to be within the most suitable temperature range for straw fermentation; the spray pipe 30 is annular and fixedly connected to the top of the fermentation tank 7, which is beneficial to spray the solution during the feeding process and increase the moisture of the fermented straw during the fermentation process; the pressure pump 34 increases the pressure of the sprayed solution, and the solution tank 29 can be filled with the solution of mixed fermenting bacteria or clean water.
In a further optimized scheme, the side wall of fermentation tank 7 is fixedly connected with a fixed block 35, the mesh panel 12 is located at the top of fixed block 35; the side wall of fermentation tank 7 is provided with liquid outlet 14 which is located in liquid storage cavity 13; fermented straws are stacked on the mesh panel 12, and the mesh panel 12 can be removed and can be removed together with the fermented straw by other equipment after the fermentation is completed; the liquid storage cavity 13 is used to collect the solution generated in the fermentation process and discharge it through the liquid outlet 14.
In a further optimization scheme, the fermentation tank 7 is detachably connected with a cover 36; the cover 36 is located at the top of the second feeding inlet 4 and can be closed during the fermentation so as to increase the tightness of the fermentation tank 7.
In a further optimization scheme, the top side wall of the fermentation tank 7 is provided with a vent hole 43; the moisture meter 11 is provided with a probe, and the probe passes through the side wall of the fermentation tank 7 and is located inside the fermentation tank 7; any side wall of the fermentation tank 7 is provided with a sealing door 37, and the sealing door 37 is provided with a controller 38; the controller 38 is electrically connected with the first motor 6, the heater 31, the electromagnetic valve 33, the pressure pump 34, the temperature sensor 9, the moisture meter 11 and the fan 28; in the fermentation process, a variety of gases will be produced and can be discharged through the vent hole 43; in practical application, the moisture meter 11 is detachably connected to the side wall of the fermentation tank 7, and the side wall of the fermentation tank 7 is provided with a probe hole through which the probe of the moisture meter 11 penetrates; during the fermentation, the probe of the moisture meter 11 is inserted into the straw pile, so that the water content in the straw pile can be adjusted at any time; the controller 38 makes the fermentation process more convenient, and the temperature and water content in the fermentation process can be directly obtained.
In a further optimization scheme, the crushing assembly comprises a shell 41, a second motor 39 and a second rotating shaft 40; the top of the shell 41 is perforated with the first feeding inlet 1, and the bottom of the shell 41 is perforated with a first feeding outlet 2; the two ends of the second rotating shaft 40 penetrate into the side wall of the shell 41, and the second rotating shaft 40 is rotatably connected with the shell 41; the second motor 39 is located outside the shell 41, and the bottom of the second motor 39 is fixedly connected with a bracket 42; the bracket 42 is fixedly connected with the shell 41; the second motor 39 drives the second rotating shaft 40 to rotate, and the second rotating shaft 40 drives the shredding knife 3 to crush the straw, so that the crushed straw can be better fermented.
The application method of the device comprises the following steps: firstly, the relatively large straw is put into the first feeding inlet 1; driven by the second motor 39, the shredding knife 3 shreds the relatively large straw; the crushed straw is discharged from the first feeding outlet 2 and falls into the second feeding inlet 4; while the straw is entering the fermentation tank 7, the solution tank 29 is poured with the fermenting bacteria as well as the nitrogen fertilizer, where the nitrogen fertilizer provides nitrogen for the fermenting bacteria in the fermentation process; when spraying the solution, the moisture content is generally controlled at 60% - 75% of the maximum water holding capacity of the stacked straw as the best option, the spraying process adopts interval spraying, and spraying is performed every certain amount of straw put into the fermentation box 7; after finishing the placing of straw, the first ventilation pipe installed with temperature sensor 9 is inserted into the straw pile to monitor the temperature inside the straw pile; at the same time, the side wall of the fermentation tank 7 is also equipped with temperature sensor 9 to monitor the temperature and moisture outside the straw pile; the moisture meter 11 is also inserted into the straw pile so as to measure the water content inside the straw pile; after feeding, the sealing door 37 is closed tightly; after fermentation starts, the temperature in the straw pile will rise to 60-70°C in about three days, and the temperature can be reduced by turning over the pile, while the first ventilation pipe and moisture meter 11 need to be pulled out of the fermentation pile to avoid damage before turning over; the first motor 6 drives the first rotating shaft 15 and the gear 23 to rotate, and the gear 23 meshes with the rack 22 to drive the first rotating shaft 15 to move along the oblong hole, and the first rotating shaft 15 simultaneously drives the turnover knives 5 to turn over the fermented straw; the first motor 6 slides on the platform 16; under the action of the second baffle 27, the roller 26 will not come out of the chute 45; when the first rotating shaft 15 reaches the edge of the oblong hole, the first motor 6 is reversely rotated to make the first rotating shaft 15 move in the opposite direction, and the turning can generally be completed after turning for 2-3 times; then the first ventilation pipe and the moisture meter 11 are inserted into the fermented straw pile again, and he fan 28 can be started to adjust the temperature inside and outside the fermented straw if the temperature is still not within the ideal range; hot air is blown in after turning on the heater 31 and cold air is blown in after turning off the heater 31; the liquid produced in the fermentation process flows into the liquid storage cavity 13 through the mesh panel 12 and finally be discharged through the liquid outlet 14; when the fermentation is finished, the sealing door 37 is opened and the the first ventilation pipe and the moisture meter 11 are pulled out, the stack- turning assembly is moved to the opposite side of the sealing door 37 and the mesh panel 12 is removed by using equipment; the fermented straw is poured out, and the solution produced in the fermentation process is collected for reuse.
In the description of the present application , it should be understood that the term longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicates an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended only to facilitate the description of the invention and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a particular orientation, or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred mode of the application , but do not limit the scope of the application. On the premise of not departing from the design spirit of the application, all kinds of modifications and improvements made by ordinary technicians in the field to the technical scheme of the application shall fall within the scope of protection determined by the claims of the application.

Claims (10)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Een composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro, waarbij de inrichting omvat: — een maalsamenstel voorzien van een eerste toevoerinlaat en een eerste toevoeruitlaat, waarbij het maalsamenstel een aantal van versnipperaarsmessen; en — een vergistingsmechanisme, dat een vergistingstank, een stapel-draai-samenstel, en een temperatuur-vochtigheidsregelsamenstel omvat, waarbij: — de vergistingstank voorzien is van een tweede voedingsinlaat aan de bovenkant ervan, — de tweede toevoerinlaat zich onderaan de eerste toevoeruitlaat bevindt, — de stapel-draai-samenstel diverse omzetmessen en een eerste motor omvat, waarbij: — de omzetmessen zich binnenin de vergistingstank bevinden, en — de eerste motor in transmissieverbinding staat met de omzetmessen; — de temperatuur-vochtigheidsregeleenheid: een aantal eerste luchtuitlaten, een aantal temperatuursensoren, een aantal verstuivingspoorten en een aantal vochtigheidsmeters omvat, waarbij — de eerste luchtuitlaten, de temperatuursensoren, de verstuivingspoorten en de vochtigheidsmeters zich in de vergistingstank bevinden; — de vergistingstank aan de binnenkant is voorzien van een gaaspaneel, — het netpaneel zich aan de onderkant van de omzetmessen, de eerste luchtuitlaten en de vochtmeters bevindt, — de bodem van het gaaspaneel een holte voor de opslag van vloeistof is, en — een vloeistofuitlaat zich binnen de holte voor de opslag van vloeistof bevindt.A composting device for recycling agricultural straw, the device comprising: - a milling assembly having a first feed inlet and a first feed outlet, the milling assembly feeding a plurality of shredder blades; and — a fermentation mechanism, comprising a fermentation tank, a stack-turn assembly, and a temperature-humidity control assembly, wherein: — the fermentation tank is provided with a second feed inlet at its top, — the second feed inlet is located below the first feed outlet, - the stack-turn assembly comprises several conversion blades and a first motor, wherein: - the conversion blades are located inside the fermentation tank, and - the first motor is in transmission connection with the conversion blades; - the temperature-humidity control unit: comprising a plurality of first air outlets, a plurality of temperature sensors, a plurality of atomization ports and a plurality of humidity gauges, wherein — the first air outlets, the temperature sensors, the atomization ports and the humidity gauges are located in the fermentation tank, — the fermentation tank is fitted with a mesh panel on the inside, — the net panel is located at the bottom of the turnover knives, the first air outlets and the moisture meters, — the bottom of the mesh panel is a liquid storage cavity, and — a liquid outlet located within the fluid storage cavity. 2. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 1, waarbij — het draaisamenstel een eerste roterende as omvat, — de buitenrand van de eerste roterende as vast is verbonden met de omzetmessen; — de zijwand van de fermentatietank geperforeerd is met een langwerpige opening; — een uiteinde van de eerste roterende as beweegbaar is verbonden met de zijwand van de vergistingstank, en het andere uiteinde van de eerste roterende as zich door de langwerpige opening uitstrekt; — de buitenste zijwand van de het vergistingsvat vast is verbonden met een platform dat glijdbaar verbonden is met de eerste motor, en — het uitgangsuiteinde van de eerste motor vast is verbonden met de eerste roterende as.The composting device for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 1, wherein - the rotating assembly includes a first rotating shaft, - the outer edge of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the conversion blades; - the side wall of the fermentation tank is perforated with an elongated opening; - one end of the first rotating shaft is movably connected to the side wall of the fermentation tank, and the other end of the first rotating shaft extends through the elongated opening; - the outer side wall of the fermentation vessel is fixedly connected to a platform slidably connected to the first motor, and - the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft. 3. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 2, waarbij — de binnenzijwand van de vergistingstank vast verbonden is met een eerste groef,The composting apparatus for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 2, wherein - the inner side wall of the digester tank is fixedly connected with a first groove, — een uiteinde van de eerste roterende as vast verbonden is met een eerste lager, — het eerste lager zich in de eerste groef bevindt, — de buitenrand van de eerste groef vast verbonden is met twee eerste keerschotten, en — de afstand tussen de twee eerste keerschotten kleiner is dan de diameter van het eerste lager.— one end of the first rotary shaft is rigidly connected to a first bearing, — the first bearing is in the first groove, — the outer edge of the first groove is rigidly connected to two first baffles, and — the distance between the first two baffles is smaller than the diameter of the first bearing. 4. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 2, waarbij — de binnenzijwand van de vergistingstank vast verbonden is met twee tweede groeven, — de inkepingen van de twee tweede groeven tegengesteld gerangschikt zijn; — een einde van de eerste roterende as nabij de eerste motor vast verbonden is met een tweede lager, — het tweede lager zich tussen de twee tweede groeven bevindt; — de buitenste zijwand van de vergistingstank vast is verbonden met een montageplaat, — het hoogste einde van de montageplaat vast is verbonden met een rek, en — hetene einde van de eerste roterende as nabij de eerste motor vast verbonden is met een tandwiel, waarbij het tandwiel in de tandheugel grijpt.The composting apparatus for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 2, wherein - the inner side wall of the digester tank is fixedly connected to two second grooves, - the notches of the two second grooves are arranged oppositely; - one end of the first rotating shaft near the first motor is rigidly connected to a second bearing, - the second bearing is located between the two second grooves, — the outer side wall of the fermentation tank is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, — the highest end of the mounting plate is fixedly connected to a rack, and — the one end of the first rotary shaft near the first motor is fixedly connected to a gear, the gear meshes with the toothed rack. 5. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 4, waarbij — het platform zich aan de onderkant van de eerste motor bevindt, — de bovenkant van het platform voorzien is van twee goten, — de bodem van de eerste motor vast verbonden is met een motorbasis, — de bodem van de motorbasis vast is verbonden met twee steunpoten, — de twee steunpoten vast zijn verbonden met rollen; — de bovenkant van de twee goten vast zijn verbonden met tweede keerschotten, en — de tweede keerschotten bij de bovenkant van de rollen zijn geplaatst.The composting apparatus for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 4, wherein — the platform is located at the bottom of the first engine, — the top of the platform is provided with two gutters, — the bottom of the first engine is fixedly connected to an engine base, — the bottom of the engine base is rigidly connected to two support legs, — the two support legs are fixed to rollers, - the tops of the two troughs are rigidly connected with second baffles, and - the second baffles are placed at the top of the rollers. 6. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 5, waarbij — de eerste luchtuitlaten zijn geplaatst op een eerste ventilatiepijp die is verbonden met een ventilator, — een verwarming is geïnstalleerd tussen de ventilator en de eerste ventilatiepijp, — een tweede ventilatiepijp vast is verbonden tussen de verwarmer en de eerste ventilatiepijp — de tweede ventilatiepijp is voorzien van een tweede luchtuitlaat, waarbij de tweede luchtuitlaat boven op de eerste luchtuitlaat is geplaatst; — een aantal temperatuursensoren is geïnstalleerd in de eerste ventilatiepijp; — de eerste ventilatiepijp en de tweede ventilatiepijp voorzien zijn van elektromagnetische kleppen,The composting apparatus for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 5, wherein - the first air outlets are disposed on a first ventilation pipe connected to a fan, - a heater is installed between the fan and the first ventilation pipe, - a second ventilation pipe is fixed connected between the heater and the first vent pipe - the second vent pipe is provided with a second air outlet, the second air outlet being placed on top of the first air outlet; - a number of temperature sensors are installed in the first ventilation pipe; - the first ventilation pipe and the second ventilation pipe are equipped with solenoid valves, — de eerste ventilatiepijp en de tweede ventilatiepijp zich door de zijwand van de vergistingstank uitstrekken; — de sproeipoorten zijn gerangschikt op een sproeipijp, — de nevelpijp met een pijpleiding in verbinding staat, — een einde van de pijpleiding dat van de nevelpijp af is gelegen in verbinding staat met een oplossingstank; — de verstuiverpijp ringvormig is en vast is verbonden met de bovenkant van de vergistingstank, en — een drukpomp op de pijpleiding is geïnstalleerd.- the first vent pipe and the second vent pipe extend through the side wall of the fermentation tank; - the spray ports are arranged on a spray pipe, - the spray pipe communicates with a pipeline, - an end of the pipeline remote from the spray pipe communicates with a solution tank, — the atomizer pipe is annular and rigidly connected to the top of the fermentation tank, and — a pressure pump is installed on the pipeline. 7. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 1, waarbij — de zijwand van de vergistingstank vast verbonden is met een vast blok, — het gaaspaneel zich aan de bovenkant van het vaste blok bevindt, — de zijwand van de vergistingstank is geperforeerd met de vloeistofuitlaat, en — de vloeistofuitlaat binnen de vloeibare opslagholte is gelegen.The composting apparatus for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 1, wherein — the side wall of the digester tank is fixedly connected to a fixed block, — the mesh panel is on the top of the fixed block, — the side wall of the digester tank is perforated with the liquid outlet, and - the liquid outlet is located within the liquid storage cavity. 8. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de vergistingstank afneembaar verbonden is met een deksel, en het deksel zich aan de bovenzijde van de tweede voedingsinlaat bevindt.The composting apparatus for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 1, wherein the digester tank is removably connected to a lid, and the lid is located on the top of the second feed inlet. 9. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 8, waarbij — de bovenste zijwand van de vergistingstank geperforeerd is met een ontluchtingsopening, — de vochtmeter voorzien is van een sonde, waarbij — de sonde zich door de zijwand van de vergistingstank uitstrekt en zich binnenin de vergistingstank bevindt; — een zijwand van de vergistingstank is voorzien van een afsluitende deur, en — een regelaar op de afsluitende deur is geïnstalleerd, — de regelaar elektrisch is verbonden met de eerste motor, het verwarmingselement, de elektromagnetische klep, de drukpomp, de temperatuursensoren, de vochtigheidsmeter en de ventilator.The composting apparatus for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 8, wherein - the top side wall of the digester tank is perforated with a vent hole, - the moisture meter is provided with a probe, wherein - the probe extends through the side wall of the digester tank and extends inside the fermentation tank; — a side wall of the fermentation tank is provided with a closing door, and — a controller is installed on the closing door, — the controller is electrically connected to the first motor, the heating element, the solenoid valve, the pressure pump, the temperature sensors, the humidity meter and the fan. 10. De composteerinrichting voor het recyclen van landbouwstro volgens conclusie 1, waarbij — Het maalsamenstel een behuizing, een tweede motor en een tweede roterende as omvat, waarbij — het boveneinde van de behuizing voorzien is van de eerste voedingsinlaat, — het onderste eind van de behuizing voorzien is van de eerste voedingsuitgang,The composting device for recycling agricultural straw according to claim 1, wherein - the grinding assembly comprises a housing, a second motor and a second rotating shaft, - the upper end of the housing is provided with the first feed inlet, - the lower end of the enclosure is provided with the first power output, — beide uiteinden van de tweede roterende as geperforeerd zijn op de zijwand van de behuizing, — de tweede roterende as is draaibaar verbonden met de behuizing, — de tweede motor buiten de behuizing is bevestigd, en — het onderste einde van de tweede motor vast is verbonden met een steun, waarbij de steun vast met de behuizing is verbonden; — het uitlaateinde van de tweede motor aan de tweede roterende as is bevestigd, en — een aantal van de versnipperaarsmessen aan de buitenrand van de tweede roterende schacht is bevestigd.- both ends of the second rotating shaft are perforated on the side wall of the housing, - the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the housing, - the second motor is mounted outside the housing, and - the lower end of the second motor is fixed connected to a support, the support being rigidly connected to the housing; - the exhaust end of the second engine is attached to the second rotary shaft, and - some of the chipper blades are attached to the outer edge of the second rotary shaft.
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