NL2029233B1 - Low-cost indirect 3d printing method of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound - Google Patents

Low-cost indirect 3d printing method of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2029233B1
NL2029233B1 NL2029233A NL2029233A NL2029233B1 NL 2029233 B1 NL2029233 B1 NL 2029233B1 NL 2029233 A NL2029233 A NL 2029233A NL 2029233 A NL2029233 A NL 2029233A NL 2029233 B1 NL2029233 B1 NL 2029233B1
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Prior art keywords
titanium
intermetallic compound
parts
powder
aluminum intermetallic
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NL2029233A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Zhang Na
Xu Peng
Lin Yunfeng
Su Yongjun
Ye Xiaoping
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Univ Lishui
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
    • B22F10/18—Formation of a green body by mixing binder with metal in filament form, e.g. fused filament fabrication [FFF]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/64—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by thermal means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
    • C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
    • C22C1/0458—Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/047—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy comprising intermetallic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials

Abstract

The present disclosure discloses a low-cost indirect 3D printing method of a titaniumaluminum intermetallic compound, comprising the steps of: mixing a titanium- aluminum intermetallic compound powder and a binder thoroughly, stirring and heating, wherein the amount of the binder added accounts for 25-45% of the total volume, and the binder is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 35- 45 parts of polyethylene polymer, 12-18 parts of ethylene vinyl acetate, 35-45 parts of paraffin waX, and 4-5 parts of stearic acid, after the mixed powder is cooled, preparing into a granular feedstock, and processing the granular feedstock into a wire for plastic 3D printing, loading the wire on a conventional plastic 3D printer, printing out a green part of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound, and performing cold isostatic pressing and surface correction of the green part, performing solvent debinding and then thermal debinding of the green part of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound, performing vacuum sintering, cooling to room temperature, performing hot isostatic pressing or gas isobaric forging (GIF) and shot blasting surface treatment, to finally obtain a component. The present disclosure has the effects of simple processing equipment, high product yield and good product quality.

Description

LOW-COST INDIRECT 3D PRINTING METHOD OF TITANIUM-
ALUMINUM INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND
TECHNICAL FIELD
[01] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of 3D printing, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing a titanium-aluminum-based intermetallic compound.
BACKGROUND ART
[02] Titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds have a low density, a high specific strength and specific elastic modulus. In addition, they have good anti- oxidation and creep properties and excellent fatigue properties, so they are widely used in the fields of aviation, aerospace, navigation, land transportation, etc.
[03] In the field of powder metallurgy, 3D printing technology, as an advanced material processing method, can be used to produce titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound components with a complex structure in a near net shape. Moreover, 3D printing technology has a short production cycle, high manufacturing accuracy, so it is cost-saving. In terms of the social ecological environment, 3D printing technology 1s more environmentally friendly.
[04] The current 3D printing of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds is mainly laser or electron beam printing. Titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound components are welded and manufactured by high-energy partial and layer-by-layer melting of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound powder. The printing method and equipment are extremely expensive, which restricts the industrial development of 3D printing of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds.
SUMMARY
[05] In order to overcome the above shortcomings, the present disclosure provides a low-cost indirect 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound.
[06] The object of the present disclosure is to provide a low-cost indirect 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound. Titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound components are prepared by using ordinary plastic 3D printing equipment, which can greatly reduce the cost of manufacturing titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound components.
[07] The technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is to overcome the problem of high cost of equipment for laser or electron beam 3D printing of a titanium- aluminum intermetallic compound in the prior art and to provide a low-cost 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound.
[08] The present disclosure adopts the following technical solutions:
[09] A low-cost indirect 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound, comprising the steps of:
[10] S1, mixing a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound powder and a binder thoroughly, stirring and heating, wherein the amount of the binder added accounts for 25-45% of the total volume, and the binder is made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 35-45 parts of polyethylene polymer, 12-18 parts of ethylene vinyl acetate, 35-45 parts of paraffin wax, and 4-5 parts of stearic acid,
[11] S2, after the mixed powder is cooled, preparing into a granular feedstock by a pelletizer or a crusher, and processing the granular feedstock into a wire for plastic 3D printing using an injection molding machine or a spinning machine;
[12] S3, loading the wire on a conventional plastic 3D printer, printing out a green part of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound according to a computer three- dimensional modeling program, and performing cold isostatic pressing and surface correction;
[13] S4, performing solvent debinding and then thermal debinding of the green part of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound;
[14] S5, performing vacuum sintering of the Brown part of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound to consolidate the compound green part, cooling to room temperature, to obtain a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component, performing hot isostatic pressing or gas isobaric forging (GIF) and shot blasting surface treatment, to finally obtain a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component with high density, good mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy.
[15] It should be noted that the present disclosure is processed by an ordinary pelletizer or crusher and a plastic 3D printer, which greatly reduces the cost of equipment, thereby greatly reducing the cost of the product, and the processing is very convenient.
[16] Preferably, the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound powder comprises plasma atomized powder, electron beam atomized powder, gas atomized powder and/or rotating electrode powder, with the powder having a particle size of 15~63 pm.
[17] Further, in the step S1, the heating temperature is 120-180°C, and the stirring time 1s 2-6h.
[18] Preferably, in the step S2, the wire has a diameter of 1-4 mm and a length greater than 20 cm.
[19] Further, in the step S4, the solvent debinding is non-polar solvent debinding.
The printed green part is immersed in a hexane solution at a certain temperature and flow rate, and the hexane temperature is controlled to be 40-60°C and the flow rate is controlled to be 0-20cm/s, maintaining 5-20h; the specific method of thermal debinding is to dry the green part for 30-90 min after solvent debinding, then put into a debinding and sintering furnace, and slowly heat to 550-650°C under the argon flushing, with the flow rate of argon of 120~150L/h.
[20] Further, in the step S5, the sintering furnace 1s adjusted to a vacuum degree of 10-4 -10-6 mbar during vacuum sintering, and slowly heated to 1300-1500°C, after sintering for 2-6 h, slowly cooled to obtain a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component.
[21] Further, in the step S5, the specific process of hot isostatic pressing is: temperature 1200-1350°C, pressure 150-200MPa, time 1-4h.
[22] Further, in the step 3, the temperature of the printing nozzle of the plastic 3D printer is 120-180°C.
[23] Further, in the step 2, the temperature of the injection nozzle of the injection molding machine or spinning machine is 120-180°C.
[24] The low-cost indirect 3D printing method of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound of the present disclosure solves the problem of high cost of equipment for conventional direct metal 3D printing technology, and it is an important supplement to the field of additive manufacturing of titanium and aluminum products.
[25] The present disclosure has the effects of simple processing equipment, high product yield and good product quality.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[26] The present disclosure will be further described in conjunction with the following examples.
[27] Example 1: A 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component using spherical titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound powder (Ti-48A1-2Cr-2Nb or Ti-45Al-8Nb).
[28] A spherical titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound and a binder accounting for 25% of the total volume were placed into a Sigma mixer, and stirred at a heating temperature of 120°C for 2 h. The binder was made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 35 parts of polyethylene polymer, 12 parts of ethylene vinyl acetate, 35 parts of paraffin wax, 4 parts of stealic acid; the spherical titanium- aluminum intermetallic compound powder had a particle size of 15 um; the pelletizer was then used to prepare a granular feedstock with a diameter of less than 5 mm, and an injection machine was used to make wire feedstock, with a diameter of the wire of 1 mm and a length greater than 20 cm, and the temperature of the injection nozzle of 120°C. The wire was loaded on a conventional plastic 3D printer, with a temperature of the printing nozzle of 120°C, and then imported into a plastic printer according to computer modeling, to print a green part; the printed green part was placed in a hexane solvent, with the hexane temperature controlled at 40°C and flow rate controlled at 0- 20cm/s, maintaining for Sh; the drying time was 30 min, then put into a debinding and sintering furnace, and slowly heated to 550°C under the argon flushing, with the flow rate of 120 L/h; then the vacuum degree of the debinding and sintering furnace was adjusted to 10-4 mbar, and the Brown part was sintered for 2h at a sintering temperature of 1300°C; after cooling, the sintered part was placed into a hot isostatic pressing equipment to heat to 1200°C and hold the pressure at 150 MPa for 1 h, then slowly cooled to obtain a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component.
[29] Example 2:
[30] A 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component using spherical titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound powder (Ti- 48Al-2Cr-2Nb or Ti-45Al-8Nb) added with rare earth yttrium powder.
[31] Spherical titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound powder (Ti-48Al-2Cr- 2Nb or Ti-45A1-8Nb) accounting for 95.5% of the total weight of the mixed powder, yttrium element powder accounting for 0.5% of the total weight of the mixed powder and a binder accounting for 38% of the total volume of the feedstock were stirred at a heating temperature of 150°C for 4 h. The binder was made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 40 parts of polyethylene polymer, 15 parts of ethylene vinyl acetate, 40 parts of paraffin wax, 5 parts of stealic acid; the spherical titanium- 5 aluminum intermetallic compound powder had a particle size of 40 um; the pelletizer was then used to prepare a granular feedstock with a diameter of less than 5 mm, and an injection machine was used to make wire feedstock, with a diameter of the wire of 3 mm and a length greater than 20 cm, and the temperature of the injection nozzle of 150°C. The wire was loaded on a conventional plastic 3D printer, with a temperature of the printing nozzle of 120°C, and then imported into a plastic printer according to computer modeling, to print a green part; the printed green part was placed in a hexane solvent, with the hexane temperature controlled at 50°C and flow rate controlled at 0- 20 cm/s, maintaining for 12h; the drying time was 60 min, then put into a debinding and sintering furnace, and slowly heated to 600°C under the argon flushing, with the flow rate of 120-150 L/h; then the vacuum degree of the debinding and sintering furnace was adjusted to 10-5 mbar, and the Brown part was sintered for 4h at a sintering temperature of 1400°C; after cooling, the sintered part was placed into a hot isostatic pressing equipment to heat to 1300°C and hold the pressure at 175 MPa for 2h, then slowly cooled to obtain a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component.
[32] Example 3:
[33] A 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component using spherical titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound powder (Ti- 48A1-2Cr-2Nb or Ti-45A1-8Nb)
[34] A spherical titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound and a binder accounting for 45% of the total volume were placed into a Sigma mixer, and stirred at a heating temperature of 180°C for 6 h. The binder was made of the following parts by weight of raw materials: 45 parts of polyethylene polymer, 18 parts of ethylene vinyl acetate, 45 parts of paraffin wax, 5 parts of stealic acid; the spherical titanium- aluminum intermetallic compound powder had a particle size of 63 um; the pelletizer was then used to prepare a granular feedstock with a diameter of less than 5 mm, and an injection machine was used to make wire feedstock, with a diameter of the wire of 4 mm and a length greater than 20 cm, and the temperature of the injection nozzle of
180°C.
The wire was loaded on a conventional plastic 3D printer, with a temperature of the printing nozzle of 180°C, and then imported into a plastic printer according to computer modeling, to print a green part; the printed green part was placed in a hexane solvent, with the hexane temperature controlled at 60°C and flow rate controlled at 0- 20cm/s, maintaining for 20h; the drying time was 90 min, then put into a debinding and sintering furnace, and slowly heated to 650°C under the argon flushing, with the flow rate of 150 L/h; then the vacuum degree of the debinding and sintering furnace was adjusted to 10-6 mbar, and the Brown part was sintered for 6h at a sintering temperature of 1600°C; after cooling, the sintered part was placed into a hot isostatic pressing equipment to heat to 1350°C and hold the pressure at 200 MPa for 4h, then slowly cooled to obtain a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component.

Claims (4)

Conclusies l. Goedkope indirecte 3D-printwerkwijze van een intermetallische titanium- aluminiumverbinding, die de volgende stappen omvat: S1, het grondig mengen van een poeder van een intermetallische titanium- aluminiumverbinding en een bindmiddel, het roeren en verwarmen daarvan, waarbij de toegevoegde hoeveelheid van het bindmiddel 25-45% van het totale volume uitmaakt, en het bindmiddel gemaakt is van de volgende gewichtsdelen grondstoffen: 35 — 45 delen polyethyleenpolymeer, 12 — 18 delen ethyleenvinylacetaat, 35 — 45 delen paraffinewas en 4 — 5 delen stearinezuur; S2, het, nadat het gemengde poeder afgekoeld is, voorbereiden tot een korrelig basismateriaal door een pelleteermachine of een breker, en het korrelige basismateriaal te verwerken tot een draad voor plastic 3D-printen met behulp van een spuitgietmachine of een spinmachine; S3, het laden van de draad op een conventionele plastic 3D-printer, het printen van een groen deel van een intermetallische titanium-aluminium verbinding volgens een driedimensionaal computermodelleringsprogramma, en het uitvoeren van koud isostatisch persen en oppervlaktecorrectie; S4, het uitvoeren van oplosmiddelontbinding en vervolgens thermische ontbinding van het groene deel van de intermetallische titanium-aluminiumverbinding; S5, het uitvoeren van vacuümsintering van het bruine deel van de intermetallische titanium-aluminiumverbinding om het samengestelde groene deel te consolideren, afkoelen tot kamertemperatuur, om een component van een intermetallische titanium- aluminiumverbinding te verkrijgen, het uitvoeren van heet isostatisch persen of isobaargassmeden (GIF) en gritstralen oppervlaktebehandeling, om uiteindelijk een component intermetallische titanium-aluminiumverbinding te verkrijgen met een hoge dichtheid, goede mechanische eigenschappen en maatnauwkeurigheid.Conclusions l. Inexpensive indirect 3D printing process of a titanium-aluminium intermetallic compound, which includes the following steps: S1, thoroughly mixing a titanium-aluminium intermetallic compound powder and a binder, stirring and heating, whereby the added amount of the binder -45% of the total volume, and the binder is made from the following parts by weight of raw materials: 35 - 45 parts polyethylene polymer, 12 - 18 parts ethylene vinyl acetate, 35 - 45 parts paraffin wax and 4 - 5 parts stearic acid; S2, after the mixed powder is cooled, preparing it into a granular base material by a pelletizing machine or a crusher, and processing the granular base material into a wire for plastic 3D printing by using an injection molding machine or a spinning machine; S3, loading the wire on a conventional plastic 3D printer, printing a green part of a titanium-aluminium intermetallic compound according to a three-dimensional computer modeling program, and performing cold isostatic pressing and surface correction; S4, carrying out solvent decomposition and then thermal decomposition of the green part of the titanium-aluminium intermetallic compound; S5, carrying out vacuum sintering of the brown part of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound to consolidate the composite green part, cooling to room temperature, to obtain a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound component, carrying out hot isostatic pressing or isobaric gas forging (GIF ) and grit blasting surface treatment, to finally obtain a titanium-aluminium intermetallic compound component with high density, good mechanical properties and dimensional accuracy. 2. Goedkope indirecte 3D-printmethode van een intermetallische titanium- aluminiumverbinding volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het poeder van de intermetallische titanium-aluminiumverbinding plasma-verstoven poeder, elektronenstraal-verstoven poeder, gasverstoven poeder en/of roterende-elektrodepoeder omvat, waarbij het poeder een deeltjesgrootte van 15 — 63 um heeft.The low-cost indirect 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound according to claim 1, wherein the titanium-aluminium intermetallic compound powder comprises plasma atomized powder, electron beam atomized powder, gas atomized powder and/or rotating electrode powder, the powder having a particle size of 15-63 µm. 3. Goedkope indirecte 3D-printmethode van een intermetallische titanium- aluminiumverbinding volgens conclusie 1, waarbij in stap Sl de verwarmingstemperatuur 120 — 180 °C 1s en de roertijd 2 — 6 uur is.The low-cost indirect 3D printing method of an intermetallic titanium-aluminium compound according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, the heating temperature is 120-180°C 1s and the stirring time is 2-6 hours. 4. Goedkope indirecte 3D-printmethode van een intermetallische titantum- aluminiumverbinding volgens conclusie 1, waarbij in stap S2 de draad een diameter heeft van 1 -4 mm en een lengte groter dan 20 cm heeft.The low-cost indirect 3D printing method of a titanium-aluminium intermetallic compound according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the wire has a diameter of 1 - 4 mm and a length greater than 20 cm.
NL2029233A 2021-09-23 2021-09-23 Low-cost indirect 3d printing method of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound NL2029233B1 (en)

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