NL2028874B1 - Method for inducing rice to improve salt tolerance - Google Patents
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H3/00—Processes for modifying phenotypes, e.g. symbiosis with bacteria
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
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- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Y02A40/135—Plants tolerant to salinity
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Abstract
Described is a method for inducing rice to improve salt tolerance belongs to the technical field of rice planting. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, disinfecting the surfaces of rice seeds, and then dissolving 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline with a 3 - 10wt.%o NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 20 - 400 mg / L; and step 2, soaking the rice seeds with the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution prepared in the step 1 for 16 - 24 h at 20 - 28°C to obtain the treated rice seeds to enable the rice seeds to normally germinate and grow in a salt stress environment. By utilizing the exogenous 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline to soak and irrigate the rice seeds, the method of the present invention can induce the rice seed to increase a germination rate and a growth rate in the salt stress environment, can effectively induce the rice to improve salt tolerance, can satisfy the urgent needs of coastal beaches in China for high - yield, high - quality, disease - resistant, salt - tolerant and direct - seeding rice varieties, and has very high application potential and value.
Description
METHOD FOR INDUCING RICE TO IMPROVE SALT TOLERANCE
The present invention relates to the technical field of rice planting, in particular to a method for inducing rice to improve salt tolerance.
Soil salinization is the second largest abiotic stress that limits growth and development of crops and causes most severe reduction in grain. According to statistics, the area of saline soils in the world is about a billion hectares, while the area of saline soils in China reaches 100 million hectares. In China, at least eight million hectares of soils have the phenomenon of salt accumulation, which influences growth of the crops to different degrees, in existing cultivated land due to improper irrigation and fertilization. Under severe pressure that populations continuously increase, the cultivated area is decreased day by day and the fresh water resource is seriously short, active use of large areas of the saline soils has become an important subject that arouses greatest concerns of the world.
Rice is a medium salt - tolerant crop and is most sensitive to salt stress in the seed germination stage, the seedling stage and the booting stage as staple food grains for over half of all people in the world. Salt stress causes reduction in germination rate and setting rate of the rice seeds and inhibits growth of the rice seeds. Predecessors have made a lot of researches for improving the salt tolerance of the rice. According to incomplete statistics, near thousands of
QTLs related to salt tolerance of rice in different growth stages have been reported; however, only
KCL1 and HST1 genes are subjected to map - based cloning, Salfol from Pokkali is finely mapped, only salt - tolerant genes of the Sa/to/ are successfully used for molecular improvement of the salt tolerance of the rice, and therefore, there are disadvantages of long breeding cycle and difficulty in application of improving the salt tolerance of the rice by combining with traditional breeding with molecular marker - assisted selection.
The rice is a pioneer crop used for improvement of the saline soils, has complex physiological changes under salt stress, and accumulates a large quantity of metabolic yield in cells for resisting salt injury. For example, a content of proline in leaves may be obviously increased to adjust osmotic balance when the rice is subjected to the salt stress. Adversity stress researches are conducted on different plants by using metabonomics in the prior art, which provides a new technology and thought for a salt tolerance physiological mechanism of the plants. However, the researches mostly focus on changes on metabolites and metabolic pathways in the leaves or roots of the plants after the adversity stress, and there are less researches on the salt tolerance metabonomics of the rice, and particularly, how to induce the rice to improve salt tolerance by using self - metabolites of the rice has been reported rarely.
Chinese patent application document with Publication No. CN106472137A discloses a method for improving salt tolerance of rice in seedling stage and belongs to the field of salt tolerance application of the rice. The method is described as follows: before being soaked with fresh water for germination acceleration, the rice seeds are soaked with a 1.8% NaCl saline solution firstly for 1 d and then is conventionally soaked with the fresh water for germination acceleration, which may significantly improve the salt tolerance of the rice in the seedling stage.
This application provides a good way of solving the problems of less varieties of salt - tolerant rice for coastal beaches, low yield of existing salt - tolerant varieties, poor disease resistance and particularly rice blast resistance, and poor quality. However, the method is not always conducted in the salt stress environment in the whole process, has little effect on increase of the germination rate and is difficult to solve the problems of low emergence rate and slow growth in the salt stress environment (for example, of direct - seeding rice in the coastal beaches).
Technical problems to be solved: aiming at the above technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for inducing rice to improve salt tolerance. The method can induce the rice to increase a germination rate and a growth rate under salt stress.
Technical solution: the method for inducing the rice to improve salt tolerance comprises the following steps: step 1, disinfecting the surfaces of rice seeds, and then dissolving 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline with a 3 - 10wt.%c of NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 20 - 400 mg / L: step 2, soaking the rice seeds with the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution prepared in the step 1 for 16 - 24 h at 20 - 28°C to obtain the treated rice seeds to enable the rice seeds to normally germinate and grow in a salt stress environment.
Preferably, disinfecting the surfaces of the rice seeds in the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps: selecting mature rice seeds with full seeds and without mildew spots, rinsing the rice seeds with a 70 - 75 wt.% ethanol solution for 2 - 3 times with each time lasting 30 - 40 5, washing the rice seeds with sterile water for 2 - 3 times, then sterilizing the rice seeds with a 5 - 10wt.% NaCIO solution for 5 - 15 min, washing the rice seeds with the sterile water for 3 - 5 times, and sipping up the surfaces of the seeds with sterile filter paper finally.
Preferably, the salt stress environment is as follows: a salt stress solution as irrigation water is a mixed solution of 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and NaCl, wherein the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline has a concentration of 0 - 400 mg / L, and the NaCl has a concentration of 3 - 10wt.%o.
Preferably, in the step 1, the surfaces of the rice seeds are disinfected, and then the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline is dissolved with a 5 wt.%0 NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 200 mg / L.
Preferably, a method for inspecting the germination rate and the growth rate of the rice seeds treated in the step 2 comprises the following steps: putting the rice seeds treated into the step 2 in germination boxes for a germination test, padding two layers of sterile filter paper in each of the germination boxes, in each of which 100 seeds are placed, adding the mixed solution of the - hydroxy - L - norvaline and the NaCl with a same concentration as that in the step 1 in each germination box to enable the filter paper to keep moist, covering each germination box, putting 5 each germination box in an environment with a temperature of 20 - 28°C for dark culture for 2 - 3 d and then for light culture with light intensity of 4000 - 10000 Ix after 2 - 3 d , and counting the germination rate after light culture for 2 - 3 d , selecting 30 seedlings consistent in growth for a seedling growth test with three replicates; and transferring the germinated seedlings into a 96 - pore PCR plate with the bottom truncated, putting one seedling into each pore, cultivating the seedlings in an artificial climate incubator with the culture conditions that the temperature is 25 - 28°C, the light intensity is 3000 - 10000 Ix, the humidity is 60 - 80%, and a time ratio of light culture to dark culture is 16 h to 8 h, then conducting water planting with the mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and the NaCl with the same concentration as that in the step 1, changing a water planting solution once every 3 days, and measuring a plant height, a root length and a fresh weight of each seedling after 2 weeks.
Preferably, when the germination rate is counted, the seedling with a sum of the root length and the plant height larger than 0.5 cm is considered as germination.
The present invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the present invention proposes a method for inducing the rice seeds to increase the germination rate and the growth rate under the salt stress condition, which can effectively induce the rice to improve salt tolerance. Without salt stress, the germination rate of seeds of Yandao 8 is about 100%, showing that the germination rate of the selected seeds is high and seedlings grow in the same speed; and under 5%. of the salt stress, the germination rate suddenly drops to 66.67% only, and seed soaking treatment with 20 - 400 mg / L exogenous 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline significantly increases the germination rate of the seeds under 5%o of the salt stress, wherein the germination rate reaches about 90.33% after the seeds are treated with the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline with a concentration of 200 mg / L. 2} The 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline employed in the present invention is a salt tolerance related metabolite discovered by the inventor in previous researches. There are less reports about such metabolite at present, and application of the metabolite to plat salt tolerance is not reported. By utilizing the exogenous 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline to induce the existing rice varieties (lines) to improve salt tolerance, the present invention may satisfy the urgent needs of coastal beaches in
China for high - yield, high - quality, disease - resistant, salt - tolerant and direct - seeding rice varieties.
Fig. 1 is a comparison diagram of the germination rate of seeds soaked with 200 mg /L 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and an untreated control growing for 6 d under 5% of the salt stress; and in the diagram, a is a germination diagram of the seeds of the untreated control growing for 6 d under 5%o of the salt stress, and b is a germination diagram of the seeds growing for 6 d under 5%o of the salt stress after being soaked with the 200 mg / L 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline.
Fig. 2 is a comparison diagram of seeds containing 200 mg/L 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and a control growing for 2 weeks under 5%. of the salt stress; and in the diagram, a is a germination diagram of the seeds of an untreated control growing for 6 d under 5% of the salt stress, and b is a germination diagram of the seeds growing for 6 d under 5%. of the salt stress after being soaked with the 200 mg / L 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline.
The present invention will be further described below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the embodiments of the description is Yandao 8. 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline (with a cas number of 6152 - 89 - 2) is provided by Suzhou Amatek Biotechnology Co.,
Ltd and has a content larger than 98%. NaCl is a conventional chemical reagent.
Embodiment 1
A method for inducing rice to improve salt tolerance comprises the following steps: step 1, the surfaces of rice seeds were disinfected, and then 5 - hydroxynorvaline was dissolved with a 3wt.% NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxynorvaline solution with a concentration of 2 O mg / L; disinfection of the surfaces of the rice seeds specifically comprises the following steps: mature rice seeds with full seeds and without mildew spots were selected, rinsed with a 70wt.% ethanol solution for 2 times with each time lasting 30 s, washed with sterile water for 2 times, then sterilized with a 5 wt.% NaCIO solution for 5 min and washed with the sterile water for 3 times, and the surfaces of the seeds were sipped up with sterile filter paper finally; step 2, the rice seeds were soaked with the 5 - hydroxynorvaline solution prepared in the step 1 for 16 h at 20°C to obtain the treated rice seeds to enable the rice seeds to normally germinate and grow in a salt stress environment. The salt stress environment is as follows: a salt stress solution as irrigation water was a mixed solution of 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and NaCl, wherein the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline has a concentration of 0 mg / L, and the NaCl has a concentration of 3wt.%o.
A method for inspecting the germination rate and the growth rate of the rice seeds in the step 2 comprises the following steps: the rice seeds treated in the step 2 were put into germination boxes for a germination test, two layers of sterile filter paper were padded in each of the germination boxes, in each of which 100 seeds were placed, the mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and the NaCl with a same concentration as that in the step 1 was added in each germination box to enable the filter paper to keep moist, each germination box was covered and was put in an environment with a temperature of 20°C for dark culture for 2d and then for light culture with light intensity of 4000 Ix after 2d, and the germination rate was counted after light culture for 2d; 30 seedlings consistent in growth were selected for a seedling growth test with three replicates; when the germination rate was counted, the seedling with a sum of a root length and a plant height larger than 0.5 cm was considered as germination; and the germinated 5 seedlings were transferred into a 96 - pore PCR plate with the bottom truncated; one seedling was put into each pore; the seedlings were cultivated in an artificial climate incubator with the culture conditions that the temperature was 25°C, the light intensity was 3000 Ix, the humidity was 60 - 80%, and a time ratio of light culture to dark culture was 16 h to 8 h; then water planting was conducted with the mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and the NaCl with the same concentration as that in the step 1, a water planting solution was changed once every 3 days, and a plant height, a root length and a fresh weight of each seedling after 2 weeks were measured.
Embodiment 2
A method for inducing rice to improve salt tolerance comprises the following steps: step 1, the surfaces of rice seeds were disinfected, and then 5 - hydroxynorvaline was dissolved with a 10wt.% NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxynorvaline solution with a concentration of 400 mg / L; disinfection of the surfaces of the rice seeds specifically comprises the following steps: mature rice seeds with full seeds and without mildew spots were selected, rinsed with a 75 wt.% ethanol solution for 3 times with each time lasting 40 s, washed with sterile water for 3 times, then sterilized with a 10wt.% NaCIO solution for 15 min and washed with the sterile water for 5 times, and the surfaces of the seeds were sipped up with sterile filter paper finally; step 2, the rice seeds were soaked with the 5 - hydroxynorvaline solution prepared in the step 1 for 24 h at 28°C to obtain the treated rice seeds to enable the rice seeds to normally germinate and grow in a salt stress environment. The salt stress environment is as follows: a salt stress solution as irrigation water was a mixed solution of 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and NaCl, wherein the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline has a concentration of 400 mg / L, and the NaCl has a concentration of 10wt.%o.
A method for inspecting the germination rate and the growth rate of the rice seeds in the step 2 comprises the following steps: the rice seeds treated in the step 2 were put into germination boxes for a germination test, two layers of sterile filter paper were padded in each of the germination boxes, in each of which 100 seeds were placed, the mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and the NaCl with a same concentration as that in the step 1 was added in each germination box to enable the filter paper to keep moist, each germination box was covered and was put in an environment with a temperature of 28°C for dark culture for 3 d and then for light culture with light intensity of 10000 Ix after 3 d , and the germination rate was counted after light culture for 3 d; 30 seedlings consistent in growth were selected for a seedling growth test with three replicates; when the germination rate was counted, the seedling with a sum of a root length and a plant height larger than 0.5 cm was considered as germination; the germinated seedlings were transferred into a 96 - pore PCR plate with the bottom truncated; one seedling was put into each pore; the seedlings were cultivated in an artificial climate incubator with the culture conditions that the temperature was 28°C, the light intensity was 10000 Ix, the humidity was 60 - 80%, and a time ratio of light culture to dark culture was 16 h to 8 h; then water planting was conducted with the mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and the NaCl with the same concentration as that in the step 1; a water planting solution was changed once every 3 days, and a plant height, a root length and a fresh weight of each seedling after 2 weeks were measured.
Embodiment 3
A method for inducing rice to improve salt tolerance comprises the following steps: step 1, the surfaces of rice seeds were disinfected, and the disinfection of the surfaces of the rice seeds specifically comprises the following steps: mature rice seeds with full seeds and without mildew spots were selected, rinsed with a 70wt.% ethanol solution for 2 times with each time lasting 30 s, washed with sterile water for 2 times, then sterilized with a 5 wt.% NaCIO solution (added with 1 - 2 drops of Tween 20) for 5 min and washed with the sterile water for 3 - 5 times, and the surfaces of the seeds were sipped up with sterile filter paper finally; and then 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline was dissolved with a 5 wt.%0 NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 200 mg / L; step 2, the rice seeds were soaked with the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution prepared in the step 1 for 24 h at 25°C to obtain the treated rice seeds to enable the rice seeds to normally germinate and grow in a salt stress environment. The salt stress environment is as follows: a salt stress solution as irrigation water is a mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and NaCl with a same concentration as that in the step 1.
A method for inspecting the germination rate and the growth rate of the treated rice seeds in the step 2 comprises the following steps: the rice seeds treated in the step 2 were put into germination boxes (19 cm x 14cm x 12 cm) for a germination test, two layers of sterile filter paper were padded in each of the germination boxes, in each of which 100 seeds were placed, the mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and the NaCl with the same concentration as that inthe step 1 was added into each germination box to enable the filter paper to keep moist, each germination box was covered and was put in an environment with a temperature of 25°C for dark culture for 3 d and then for light culture with light intensity of 4000 Ix after 3 d , and the germination rate was counted after light culture for 3 d; 30 seedlings consistent in growth were selected for a seedling growth test with three replicates; when the germination rate was counted, the seedling with a sum of a root length and a plant height larger than 0.5 cm was considered as germination; the germinated seedlings were transferred into a 96 - pore PCR plate with the bottom truncated; one seedling was put into each pore; the seedlings were cultivated in an artificial climate incubator with the culture conditions that the temperature was 25°C, the light intensity was 4000 Ix, the humidity was 60 - 80%, and a time ratio of light culture to dark culture was 16 h to 8 h; then water planting was conducted with the mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and the NaCl with the same concentration as that in the step 1; a water planting solution was changed once every 3 days; and a plant height, a root length and a fresh weight of each seedling after 2 weeks were measured.
Embodiment 4
This embodiment is the same as embodiment 3, and a difference of embodiment 4 from embodiment 3 is in that, in the step 1, 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline was dissolved with a 5 wt.%o
NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 20 mg / L.
Embodiment 5
This embodiment is the same as embodiment 3, and a difference of embodiment 5 from embodiment 3 is in that, in the step 1, 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline was dissolved with a 5 wt.%0
NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 50 mg / L.
Embodiment 6
This embodiment is the same as embodiment 3, and a difference of embodiment 6 from embodiment 3 is in that, in the step 1, 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline was dissolved with a 5 wt.%0
NaCl solution to prepare a 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 400 mg / L.
Comparative Example 1
This example is the same as embodiment 3, and a difference of comparative example 1 from embodiment 3 is in that, in the step 1, the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 200 mg/L is replaced by an equal volume of sterile water.
Comparative Example 2
This example is the same as embodiment 3, and a difference of comparative example 2 from embodiment 3 is in that, in the step 1, the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline solution with a concentration of 200 mg/L is replaced by an equal volume of 5 wt.%0 NaCl solution.
The germination rates and the seedling growth conditions of the rice seeds treated in embodiments 3 - 6, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are shown in a table below.
Table 1 -Effects of 5 - Hydroxy - L - Norvaline Solutions with Different Concentrations on
Seed Germination Rate and Seedling Growth under 5% Salt Stress
Germination rate Plant height Root length (cm) Fresh weight
I ee a a
Comparative 100 + 0.00 10.92 + 0.06 6.15+1.23 13.43 t 1.22 tee a
Comparative 66.67 + 2.04 4.32 £0.07 1.31+0.05 5.24 £0.71 tee | CURE
From Table 1, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, without salt stress, the germination rate of seeds of Yandao 8 is about 100%, showing that the selected seeds have high germination rates and are consistent; and under 5%» of the salt stress, the germination rate suddenly drops to 66.67% only, and seed soaking treatment with 20 - 400 mg / L exogenous 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline significantly increases the germination rate of the seeds under 5%. of the salt stress, wherein the germination rate reaches about 90.33% after the seeds are treated with the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline with a concentration of 200 mg / L (the seed germination diagram refers to Fig. 1b). Compared with single treatment with NaCl, treatment with 20 - 400 mg / L 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline increases biomass of the seedlings under the salt stress, wherein the effect is the highest (growth of the seedlings after 2 weeks refers to Fig. 2b} when the seeds are treated with 200 mg / L 5 - hydroxy -L-norvaline. Thus, an optimum concentration of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline is 200 mg / L.
In the embodiments of the description, due to limitations of laboratory conditions, the salt stress environment is set as follows: the salt stress solution as irrigation water is a mixed solution of the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline and NaCl, wherein the 5 - hydroxy - L - norvaline has a concentration of 0 - 400 mg / L, and the NaCl has a concentration of 3 - 10wt.%.. During actual planting, the treated rice seeds may be planted in saline soils / or the salt stress environment.
The embodiments described above are not intended to limit the present invention in any way.
All the technical solutions obtained through equivalent replacement or equivalent change fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
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| JP2896963B2 (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1999-05-31 | 株式会社コスモ総合研究所 | Plant salt tolerance improver |
| CN105075453B (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2017-09-26 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of method of promotion beach saline land rice paddy seed fast-germination and saline-alkaline tolerance |
| CN106472137A (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2017-03-08 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of method improving Salt Tolerance in Rice Seedlings |
| CN107493726B (en) * | 2017-09-06 | 2020-06-23 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Application of citrulline in improving salt stress resistance of plant seeds |
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2020
- 2020-07-31 CN CN202010761882.9A patent/CN112020930B/en active Active
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2021
- 2021-07-29 NL NL2028874A patent/NL2028874B1/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112020930A (en) | 2020-12-04 |
| CN112020930B (en) | 2021-10-08 |
| NL2028874A (en) | 2022-03-21 |
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