NL2028577B1 - A secondary optic module and a solar radiation concentrating system - Google Patents

A secondary optic module and a solar radiation concentrating system Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2028577B1
NL2028577B1 NL2028577A NL2028577A NL2028577B1 NL 2028577 B1 NL2028577 B1 NL 2028577B1 NL 2028577 A NL2028577 A NL 2028577A NL 2028577 A NL2028577 A NL 2028577A NL 2028577 B1 NL2028577 B1 NL 2028577B1
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
optical module
secondary optical
heliostats
reflection surface
array
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NL2028577A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Bernardus Menken Oliver
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Obm Ip Holding B V
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Priority to NL2028577A priority Critical patent/NL2028577B1/en
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Publication of NL2028577B1 publication Critical patent/NL2028577B1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/71—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/79—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with spaced and opposed interacting reflective surfaces

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a secondary optic module for a solar radiation concentrating system provided With an array of heliostats. The secondary optic module comprises a mirror unit and a support structure for supporting the mirror unit at a location receiving reflected light from the array of heliostats. The mirror unit has a concave reflecting surface facing downwardly. Further, the concave reflecting surface has a parabolic profile. Fig. 1

Description

P130387NL00 Title: A secondary optic module and a solar radiation concentrating system The invention relates to a secondary optic module for a solar radiation concentrating system provided with an array of heliostats.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a secondary optic module for a solar radiation concentrating system wherein the efficiency is improved. Thereto, according to the invention, the secondary optic module comprises a mirror unit and a support structure for supporting the mirror unit at a location receiving reflected light from the array of heliostats, wherein the mirror unit has a concave reflecting surface facing downwardly and wherein the concave reflecting surface has a parabolic profile.
Further advantageous embodiments according to the invention are described in the following claims.
It should be noted that the technical features described above or below may each on its own be embodied in a system or method, i.e. isolated from the context in which it is described, separate from other features, or in combination with only a number of the other features described in the context in which it is disclosed. Each of these features may further be combined with any other feature disclosed, in any combination.
The invention will now be further elucidated on the basis of a number of exemplary embodiments and an accompanying drawing. In the drawing: Fig. 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a solar radiation concentrating system comprising a secondary optic module according to the invention; Fig. 2 shows a schematic side view of a mirror unit of the secondary optic module shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 shows a top view of the solar radiation concentrating system shown in Fig. 1.
It is noted that the figures show merely preferred embodiments according to the invention. In the figures, the same reference numbers refer to equal or corresponding parts.
Figure 1 shows a schematic perspective view of a solar radiation concentrating system comprising a secondary optic module 1 according to the invention. The solar radiation concentrating system has an array of heliostats 11 reflecting an incident beam B; of sunlight as a reflected beam Br beam.
The secondary optic module 1 has a mirror unit 2 and a support structure 3 for supporting the mirror unit 2. The mirror unit 2 is positioned at a location 4 receiving beams of primary reflected light Bri from the array of heliostats 11 and directing said primary reflected beams into beams of secondary reflected light B>, in a downward direction, in a negative Z- direction.
The support structure 3 has four support arms 3a-d fixed to corresponding sides of the mirror unit 2 so as to support the mirror unit 2. Preferably, the support arms 3a-d are mainly transparent for sunlight. Further, the support arms 3a-d may be designed to have minimal interference with the light directed to the secondary optic module 1, e.g. by having a slim profile. The support structure 3 is formed in the top of a tower-like structure 8 bearing the secondary optic module 1 at a height above ground level for receiving the reflected light B:1 from the array of heliostats 11. The tower-like structure 8 may be formed from various materials such as concrete and/or steel. Further, the tower-like structure 8 may have an open structure or may have an at least partially closed structure such as an outer wall. Various geometries may be applied including a (truncated) tapered geometry or a mainly cylindrical geometry having a curved or polygon shaped cross section. As an example, a pylon for power lines or a TV mast structure could be applied.
The heliostats of the array of heliostats 11 each include a mirror element 12 reflecting sunlight B; towards the secondary optic module 1, especially towards a focal point F of the concave reflecting surface 5 of the secondary optic module 1 as described below referring to Fig. 2. The mirror element 12 of the heliostats 11 is controllably movable by an actuator 13 for compensating the sun’s motion in the sky. Then, the reflected light B: from all heliostats comprising the array of heliostats 11 can be continuously directed to the focal point F of the concave reflecting surface 5.
It is noted that instead of or in addition to the mirror element 12 another optic element can be used, e.g. a lens element.
Figure 2 shows a schematic side view of the mirror unit 2 of the secondary optic module 1 shown in Fig.1. The mirror unit 2 has a concave reflecting surface 5 facing downwardly so as to direct beams of primary reflected light B,1, from the array of heliostats 11, as a secondary reflected light beam B: downwardly, in the negative Z-direction, towards Earth. The concave reflecting surface 5 has a parabolic profile with focal point F and an axis A running from the vertex V of the parabolic profile and traversing the focal point F, the axis A being parallel to the Z-direction.
The concave reflecting surface 5 1s facing downwardly towards the Earth. Here a line from the vertex of the parabolic profile, also referred to as paraboloid, to the focal point F is directed straight downward in the negative Z-direction.
Mathematically, the surface of the paraboloid may be defined in a Cartesian xyz coordinate system with an origin point at ground level as follows 2 2 € L L z= “I Fh for i 22 vel z3l
Here, the X-direction and the Y-direction extend horizontally, while the Z-direction is pointing upwardly, h is the height of the mirror unit 2's focal point F, L is the side length of the mirror unit and assuming a square shape of the mirror unit 2, in top view.
The concave reflecting surface 5 has been shaped so as to form a reflected beam B,2 propagating from said surface 5 downwardly as a mainly uniform collimated flux. As the concave reflecting surface is shaped as a concave paraboloid, the reflecting surface 5 maps the beams of reflected light By: received from the array of heliostats 11 and passing through its focal point F to a secondary beam of reflected light Bye having reflected rays that are parallel to the paraboloid’s axis propagating downwardly, in the negative Z-direction. That is, rays passing through the focal point F will result in parallel rays, regardless of point of origin. As such, the configuration maps the flux from an entire array of heliostats 11 to a collimated, mainly uniform beam of concentrated flux B.2 aimed downwards. This collimated, mainly uniform beam B;2 of concentrated flux is achieved by application of a paraboloid having a focal point F while the primary reflected beams B: originating from the array of heliostats 11 are directed to said focal point F of the paraboloid.
The mirror unit 2 has a reflecting layer 6 such that its downwardly facing surface is the concave reflecting surface 5 described above. The reflecting layer 6 may include glass and/or sliver material. In principle, however, the layer may include other or additional material. Further, the mirror unit 2 contains a frame element 7 to which the reflecting layer 6 is mounted.
The shape of the concave reflecting surface 5, in top view, mainly corresponds with the shape of the array of heliostats. In the shown embodiment, the array of heliostats is arranged in a square shape, in top view as described referring to Fig. 3 below. Then, also the concave reflecting surface 5 has a square shape, in top view. It is noted, however, that the array of heliostats and the corresponding shape of the concave reflecting surface 5 may have another shape, such as rectangular, polygon or curved such as a circular or elliptic shape.
In the shown embodiment, the dimension of individual sides of the 5 rectangular shaped concave reflecting surface 5 is at least circa 1 meter, e.g. circa 2 meter or circa 3 meter. However, the dimension of the individual sides of the rectangular shaped concave reflecting surface 5 may be even larger, e.g. more than circa 3 meter.
The collimated, uniform beam of concentrated flux B: aimed downwards may then be converted into electricity by means of photovoltaic conversion. The collimated, uniform nature of the flux enables photovoltaic conversion at a very high efficiency. The nature of the flux might also enable an efficient alternative utilization process such as an industrial process, or a heating process, or another conversion process into non-optical energy.
By applying a concave shaped reflecting surface sunbeams can be collimated more properly compared to a convex shaped reflecting surfaces. Solar radiation originating from the Sun being an extended light source emanates from the primary optical elements of the array of heliostats in the shape of a cone, and this phenomenon is augmented due to intrinsic optical errors such as tracking errors. Only the very centre of this cone can be properly mapped to the focal point F. The remainder of the cone slightly misses the focal point F, and thus does not emanate from the focal point for the secondary optic’s perspective. As such, the deviating rays will not be mapped into parallel outgoing rays when applying a convex reflecting surface.
However, using a concave mirror yields the advantage that rays deviating away from the paraboloid’s vertex are rectified to an extent, since they intersect with a more steeply sloped surface element of the secondary optical element. Rays deviating toward the vertex are mapped into rays that deviate even further, but since the point of reflection is closer to the vertex it is still possible to collect this share of the flux with the provided receiver unit orientation. For a convex paraboloidal mirror with the exact same focal point, the rays deviating away from the vertex would be amplified in deviation and result in a secondary beam that is significantly less collimated. A convex mirror therefore could map the former category of rays too far away for them to even be collectible.
According to an aspect of the invention, the concave reflecting surface 5 has been designed for at least partly compensating inherent angular deviations in sunlight and/or angular deviations induced by mirror elements of the heliostats.
Figure 3 shows a top view of the solar radiation concentrating system 40 shown in Fig. 1. The system has an array of heliostats 11, arranged in a two-dimensional or three-dimensional array including four quadrants 21-24 of heliostats 11 directing their beams of primary reflected light Br towards corresponding quadrants 31-34 of the concave reflecting surface 5 of the mirror unit 2.
As shown, the concave reflecting surface 5 has a square shape, in top view, having four sides 26 forming a closed contour. Each of the sides has a length L of at least 1 meter, e.g. circa 2 meter, circa 3 meter, or even more than circa 3 meter.
The four support arms 3a-d are fixed to the mirror element in the middle of the sides 26 so as to distribute the mirror’s weigh mainly equally over the individual support arms. In principle, more or less than four support arms can be provided, e.g. eight support arms, however, preferably mainly evenly distributed in a circumferential direction around the vertex line VL.
The concave reflecting surface 5 of the mirror unit 2 is positioned such that an aiming point of the array of the heliostats 11 mainly coincides with the focal point F of the parabolic profile, then realizing a mainly uniform collimated flux.
Turning to Fig. 1, the solar radiation concentrating system comprises a receiving unit 9 located below the concave reflecting surface 5 for receiving the beam Bo reflected from said concave reflecting surface 5, wherein the receiving unit 9 is further arranged for applying the received beam Be in a utilization process such as an industrial process, or a heating process, or another conversion process into non-optical energy. It will be understood that the height of the receiving unit above ground level may depend on the particular utilization process that is applied. The utilization process can be very efficient due to the uniform, collimated flux incident thereon.
The receiving unit 9 may comprise a concentration photovoltaics receiver for converting the received beam B» into electrical energy.
The invention is not restricted to the embodiments described herein. It will be understood that many variants are possible.
These and other embodiments will be apparent for the person skilled in the art and are considered to fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. For the purpose of clarity and a concise description features are described herein as part of the same or separate embodiments. However, it will be appreciated that the scope of the invention may include embodiments having combinations of all or some of the features described.

Claims (15)

ConclusiesConclusions 1. Secondaire optische module voor een systeem voor concentratie van zonnestraling voorzien van een serie heliostaten, waarbij de secondaire optische module een spiegeleenheid en een ondersteuningsstructuur omvat voor het op een locatie ondersteunen van de spiegeleenheid die gereflecteerd Licht ontvangt van de serie heliostaten, waarbij de spiegeleenheid een concaaf reflectie-oppervlak heeft dat naar beneden is gericht en waarbij het concave reflectie-oppervlak een parabolisch profiel heeft.A secondary optical module for a solar radiation concentration system comprising a heliostat array, the secondary optical module comprising a mirror unit and a support structure for supporting the mirror unit at a location receiving reflected light from the heliostat array, the mirror unit has a concave reflection surface directed downwards and wherein the concave reflection surface has a parabolic profile. 2. Secondaire optische module volgens conclusie 1, waarbij het concave reflectie-oppervlak gevormd is voor het vormen van een gereflecteerde bundel die zich vanaf het oppervlak benedenwaarts voortplant als een in hoofdzaak uniforme gecollimeerde flux.The secondary optical module of claim 1, wherein the concave reflection surface is shaped to form a reflected beam which propagates downward from the surface as a substantially uniform collimated flux. 3. Secondaire optische module volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij het concave reflectie-oppervlak gevormd is door een laag die glas en / of zilver omvat.A secondary optical module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concave reflection surface is formed by a layer comprising glass and/or silver. 4. Secondaire optische module volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de vorm van het concave reflectie-oppervlak, in bovenaanzicht, in hoofdzaak overeenkomt met de vorm van de serie heliostaten.A secondary optical module according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the shape of the concave reflection surface, in plan view, substantially corresponds to the shape of the array of heliostats. 5. Secondaire optische module volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij het concave reflectie-oppervlak een rechthoekige, polygone of gekromde vorm heeft, in een bovenaanzicht.A secondary optical module according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the concave reflection surface has a rectangular, polygonal or curved shape, in a plan view. 6. Secondaire optische module volgens conclusie 5, waarbij de dimensie van individuele zijden van de rechthoekige vorm ten minste ongeveer 1 meter is.The secondary optical module of claim 5, wherein the dimension of individual sides of the rectangular shape is at least about 1 meter. 7. Secondaire optische module volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de ondersteuningsstructuur ondersteuningsarmen omvat die vast gemaakt zijn aan bijbehorende zijden van het rechthoekig gevormde concave reflectie-oppervlak.A secondary optical module according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the support structure comprises support arms fixed to associated sides of the rectangular shaped concave reflection surface. 8. Secondaire optische module volgens conclusie 7, waarbij de ondersteuningsarmen in hoofdzaak transparant voor zonlicht zijn.The secondary optical module of claim 7, wherein the support arms are substantially transparent to sunlight. 9. Secondaire optische module volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij het concave reflectie-oppervlak ontworpen is voor het ten minste gedeeltelijk compenseren van inherente hoekafwijkingen in zonlicht en / of hoekafwijkingen die worden geïnduceerd door spiegelelementen van de heliostaten.A secondary optical module according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the concave reflection surface is designed to at least partially compensate for inherent angular aberrations in sunlight and/or angular aberrations induced by mirror elements of the heliostats. 10. Secondaire optische module volgens een der voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de heliostaten van de serie heliostaten elk een spiegelelement omvatten die zonlicht naar een brandpunt van het concave reflectie-oppervlak van de secondaire optische module reflecteren.A secondary optical module according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heliostats of the array of heliostats each comprise a mirror element that reflects sunlight to a focal point of the concave reflection surface of the secondary optical module. 11. Secondaire optische module volgens conclusie 10, waarbij het spiegelelement van de heliostaten bestuurbaar beweegbaar is voor het compenseren van de zonnegang aan de hemel.A secondary optical module according to claim 10, wherein the mirror element of the heliostats is controllably movable to compensate for the solar movement in the sky. 12. Systeem voor concentratie van zonnestraling voorzien van een serie heliostaten, omvattende een secondaire optische module volgens een der conclusies 1-11.A solar radiation concentration system comprising a heliostat array comprising a secondary optical module according to any one of claims 1-11. 13. Systeem voor concentratie van zonnestraling volgens conclusie 12, waarbij het concave reflectie-oppervlak van de spiegeleenheid zodanig is gepositioneerd dat het mikpunt van de serie heliostaten in hoofdzaak overeenkomst met het brandpunt van het parabolische profiel.The solar radiation concentration system of claim 12, wherein the concave reflecting surface of the mirror unit is positioned such that the aiming point of the array of heliostats substantially corresponds to the focal point of the parabolic profile. 14. Systeem voor concentratie van zonnestraling volgens conclusie 12 of 13, voorts omvattende een ontvangsteenheid die zich onder het concave reflectie- oppervlak bevindt voor het ontvangen van een van het concave reflectie- oppervlak gereflecteerde bundel, waarbij de ontvangsteenheid voorts is ingericht voor het toepassen van de ontvangen bundel in een gebruiksproces zoals een industrieel proces of een omzettingsproces in niet-optische energie.The solar radiation concentration system of claim 12 or 13, further comprising a receiving unit located below the concave reflecting surface for receiving a beam reflected from the concave reflecting surface, the receiving unit further adapted to apply a the received beam in a utilization process such as an industrial process or a non-optical energy conversion process. 15. Systeem voor concentratie van zonnestraling volgens conclusie 14, waarbij de ontvangsteenheid concentratie zonnecellen (concentration photovoltaics) omvat voor het omzetten van de ontvangen bundel in elektrische energie.The solar radiation concentration system of claim 14, wherein the receiving unit comprises concentration photovoltaics for converting the received beam into electrical energy.
NL2028577A 2021-06-29 2021-06-29 A secondary optic module and a solar radiation concentrating system NL2028577B1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5763504A (en) * 1980-10-06 1982-04-17 Motoda Electronics Co Ltd Sunbeam supplying device
US4365618A (en) * 1980-12-05 1982-12-28 Dedger Jones Heliostatic solar energy conversion system
EP0909929A2 (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-04-21 Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. Sunlight collecting system
WO2011001448A2 (en) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-06 Ravindra Patwardhan A solar central receiver system employing common positioning mechanism for heliostats
JP2012038954A (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-02-23 Mitaka Koki Co Ltd Condensing photovoltaic power generation system

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5763504A (en) * 1980-10-06 1982-04-17 Motoda Electronics Co Ltd Sunbeam supplying device
US4365618A (en) * 1980-12-05 1982-12-28 Dedger Jones Heliostatic solar energy conversion system
EP0909929A2 (en) * 1997-10-15 1999-04-21 Mitaka Kohki Co., Ltd. Sunlight collecting system
WO2011001448A2 (en) * 2009-07-01 2011-01-06 Ravindra Patwardhan A solar central receiver system employing common positioning mechanism for heliostats
JP2012038954A (en) * 2010-08-09 2012-02-23 Mitaka Koki Co Ltd Condensing photovoltaic power generation system

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