CN209982433U

CN209982433U - Non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device

Info

Publication number: CN209982433U
Application number: CN201921360915.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钟翔; 穆趁意; 邓华夏; 赵世宇; 杨芳芳; 张进; 马孟超
Original assignee: Hefei Polytechnic University
Current assignee: Hefei University of Technology; Hefei Polytechnic University
Priority date: 2019-08-21
Filing date: 2019-08-21
Publication date: 2020-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-21

Abstract

The utility model discloses a non-tracking formula spotlight photovoltaic power generation device relates to solar energy power generation technical field, including each photovoltaic power generation unit of serial connection and being the matrix arrangement and encapsulating in the outside closed box body of each photovoltaic power generation unit, solar wafer is located optic fibre light cone photovoltaic spotlight ware bottom, and its sensitive surface closely laminates with the tip of optic fibre light cone photovoltaic spotlight ware, and the fixed bolster is located optic fibre light cone photovoltaic spotlight ware outside and is supported optic fibre light cone photovoltaic spotlight ware fixedly, constitutes photovoltaic power generation unit. The utility model discloses can utilize the toper optic fibre of all directions to receive its all directions's that corresponds sunlight, not only can receive direct light, but also can receive diffuse light, need not to trail the sun alright with realize that space wide-angle sunlight collects and turn into the electric energy through circular solar cell with solar energy, solve prior art in the skew spotlight ware axle center of incident light unsuitable problem when great.

Description

Non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a solar energy power generation technical field, concretely relates to spotlight photovoltaic power generation device who breaks away from ray tracing device autonomous working.

Background

Solar energy has infinite energy storage, and pollutants such as waste gas, waste water and the like cannot be generated in the development process, so that the solar energy is an energy source which is very suitable for human development and utilization. The effective energy of the sun radiated to the earth surface every year is about 6 x 10¹⁷kw · h, however, is less than 0.05% which is effectively utilized by the earth, and there is a very large development space.

With the rapid development of global economy, the demand for energy is increasing day by day, and although solar energy has many advantages, the development and the wide application of the solar energy are hindered by two inherent short plates. Firstly, among the energy emitted by the sun, the energy reaching the earth is influenced by factors such as season, altitude, latitude and the like, and the average energy which can finally reach the ground is generally not more than 1kw/m²Such low energy flow density indicates that the solar energy distribution is relatively dispersed and not suitable for direct utilization. Secondly, the solar energy supply is unstable and intermittent due to the influences of weather such as the east rise and west fall of the sun, wind, cloud, rain and snow, and the like.

For many years, in order to overcome the defects of dispersibility and discontinuity on the basis of ensuring the advantages of solar cleanness, durability and the like, people have conducted various researches, wherein researches on a reflective fresnel condenser and a reflective parabolic condenser are relatively deep.

The conventional refraction type Fresnel condenser has a very high condensing ratio, but the solar rays are required to be kept perpendicular to the Fresnel lens at all times, so that the receiving angle of the Fresnel condenser is very small, the energy distribution of the condensed light spots is very concentrated, the uniformity is very poor, and the Fresnel condenser is not suitable for being directly used for a condensing photovoltaic device. When the Fresnel lens is used as the condenser, a high-precision solar tracker must be equipped for the concentrating photovoltaic device. This increases the cost of the concentrating photovoltaic device on the one hand and, on the other hand, requires a large amount of capital to maintain the proper operation of the ray tracker each year due to the high failure rate of the automatic tracking system. According to statistics, most of the reasons for the failure of the existing concentrating photovoltaic are due to the failure of the solar tracker.

Although the traditional reflection type parabolic concentrator can not track the sun within a certain time limit, the concentration ratio of the reflector type parabolic concentrator is generally lower than 70 x due to the fact that the growing trend of the parabola shows that the reflector type parabolic concentrator has a very high length-width ratio, and otherwise the practical utilization value is lost. Truncation and filling methods are commonly used to improve the performance of parabolic concentrators. Although the truncation method increases the acceptance angle of the parabolic condenser to a certain extent, the geometric concentration ratio of the condenser is correspondingly reduced, and the solid parabolic condenser increases the acceptance angle and also leads to the increase of the weight of the device.

Through patent search, the following known technical solutions exist:

prior art 1:

《Optimization design of hybrid Fresnel-based concentrator forgenerating uniformity irradiance with the broad solar spectrum》ZhenfengZhuang,Optics&Laser Technology.Vlume,Argust 2014,Pages 27-33.

according to the technical scheme, the annular structure of the Fresnel lens is redesigned, the uniformity of energy distribution of light spots converged by the condenser on a receiving surface is greatly improved, and the receiving angle of the condenser is still very small.

Prior art 2:

《Optical modeling of four Fresnel-based high-CPV units》Ferrer-Rodriguez,J.P.,Solar Energy.155(2017)805–815.

according to the technical scheme, various types of secondary condensers are designed for the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic device, but the receiving angle of the Fresnel concentrating photovoltaic device is only increased to-1.7 degrees to +1.7 degrees, and the secondary condensers are used, so that the weight of the concentrating photovoltaic device is increased, the concentration is more complex, and the cost of the concentrating photovoltaic device is greatly increased.

Prior art 3:

application No.: 201810423387X, filing date: 2018.05.06, date of authorized announcement: 2018.12.18, the utility model discloses a formula solar energy collection device is not tracked to high spotlight, include: the photovoltaic power generation assembly comprises a plurality of photovoltaic power generation units which are arranged in series and form an array, each photovoltaic power generation unit comprises a body which is convenient to assemble and provided with a closed cavity, one side of the body is provided with a light gathering unit which is used for gathering sunlight rays into the closed cavity, and a photovoltaic element which receives the gathered sunlight rays and performs photoelectric conversion is arranged in the closed cavity; the confluence circuit is electrically connected with the photovoltaic power generation assembly and is configured to summarize and output electric energy obtained by the photovoltaic conversion of the photovoltaic power generation units; an inverter circuit configured to convert the direct-current electric energy output by the bus circuit into alternating-current electric energy; and the voltage transformation circuit is configured to carry out voltage transformation on the alternating current electric energy output by the inverter circuit. The device has simple structure, with low costs, need not to install sunlight and detect and track the unit and can realize that the space wide-angle region internal solar ray collects and turns into advantages such as electric energy.

The utility model discloses an utilize thereby arrange the transmission orbit that thereby the curved surface lens of all directions changed the solar ray to solar ray's refractive power and realize space wide-angle light and assemble the collection, but because curved surface lens refractive power is limited, the curved surface lens of distribution in all directions is difficult to assemble certain point with its corresponding solar ray, therefore this spotlight ware though has great acceptance angle, but actual spotlight is than less and the facula too dispersedly.

Through the above search, it is found that the solar concentrator in the prior art has low collection efficiency, and the collection efficiency of sunlight can be improved to a certain extent by tracking sunlight, but many problems are brought along with the sunlight, such as complicated structure, difficult maintenance and poor reliability. The technical proposal does not influence the novelty of the utility model; and the mutual combination of the above patent documents does not destroy the inventive step of the present invention.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses just in order to avoid the weak point that above-mentioned prior art exists, provide a non-tracking formula spotlight photovoltaic power generation device

The utility model discloses a solve technical problem and adopt following technical scheme: a non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device comprises photovoltaic power generation units which are connected in series and arranged in a matrix manner and a closed box body packaged outside each photovoltaic power generation unit, wherein the large end and the small end of each tapered optical fiber are closely attached and densely arranged from inside to outside to form an optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser which is integrally tapered, the small end of each tapered optical fiber faces downwards, and the large end of each tapered optical fiber faces upwards; the sunny side of the closed box body is made of light-transmitting materials, and the rest of the closed box body is made of light-tight materials.

Furthermore, each tapered optical fiber is arranged along the radial direction of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser from inside to outside in a diameter increasing mode, the large end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser is of an outwards convex hemispherical structure, and the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser is of a plane structure.

Furthermore, the backlight surface of the solar cell is also provided with a radiating fin, the solar cell is fixed on the radiating fin through heat conducting glue, and the radiating fin is fixedly connected with the fixed support; the area of the solar cell is consistent with that of the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser, and the area of the radiating fin is larger than that of the solar cell.

Furthermore, the generatrix of the longitudinal section of the tapered optical fiber is parabolic or linear, the large end surface of the generatrix is a hemispherical surface or an aspheric surface, and the small end surface of the generatrix is a horizontal surface.

Further, the tapered optical fiber is formed by drawing a plastic optical fiber or a quartz optical fiber in batches, and the numerical aperture of the plastic optical fiber or the quartz optical fiber is not less than 0.5.

Furthermore, the tapered optical fiber comprises an optical fiber core positioned inside and an optical fiber cladding wrapped outside the optical fiber core, the outer wall of the optical fiber cladding is plated with a reflective film, and the reflectivity of the reflective film is more than 90%.

Furthermore, the sunny side of the closed box body is made of glass or plastic materials, and the rest parts of the closed box body are made of alloy materials.

The utility model provides a non-tracking formula spotlight photovoltaic power generation device has following beneficial effect:

1. the conical optical fibers in all directions can be used for receiving the sunlight rays in all directions corresponding to the conical optical fibers, so that not only can direct light be received, but also diffused light can be received, the space large-angle sunlight ray collection can be realized without tracking the sun, and the solar energy is converted into electric energy through the circular solar cell, so that the problem that the prior art is inapplicable when the incident light rays deviate from the axis of the condenser greatly is solved;

2. the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser formed by arranging and combining the tapered optical fibers realizes the convergence and collection of solar rays within a large angle range of-45 degrees to +45 degrees, can ensure that the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser can effectively receive the sunlight for more than 6 hours per year on average under the condition of not using a solar ray tracker, and solves the problems of complex structure, high cost, high failure frequency of the device, power consumption requirement and the like of the condensing solar energy collecting device caused by using the solar ray tracker;

3. the characteristic that the solar rays are transmitted in a total reflection mode in the conical optical fiber is utilized, the solar rays irradiated on the large-end incident surface are transmitted to the small-end emitting surface, and the spatial large-angle gathering and collection of the solar rays are achieved; the optical fiber has extremely strong light guiding capacity, the solar rays are almost lossless in propagation in the tapered optical fiber, the rays injected into the large end face of the tapered optical fiber can be injected out from the small end face of the tapered optical fiber almost lossless, and the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser not only has a larger ray acceptance angle, but also has uniform energy distribution of converged light spots and higher light condensation ratio;

4. simple structure, light weight, low cost, batch straightening and good practicability.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the photovoltaic power generation unit of the present invention;

fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the optical fiber taper photovoltaic condenser of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a top view of the optical fiber taper photovoltaic concentrator of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the tapered optical fiber according to the present invention.

In the figure:

1. the photovoltaic power generation device comprises a photovoltaic power generation unit, 2, a closed box body, 3, an optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser, 4, a solar cell, 5, radiating fins, 6, a fixed support, 7, a conical optical fiber, 8, an optical fiber core, 9, an optical fiber cladding, 10 and a reflecting film.

Detailed Description

To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the structural relationship is as follows: the solar cell comprises photovoltaic power generation units 1 which are connected in series and arranged in a matrix manner and a closed box body 2 packaged outside each photovoltaic power generation unit 1, wherein the large end of each conical optical fiber 7 is closely attached to the large end and the small end of each conical optical fiber 7 from inside to outside in a closely-packed manner to form an optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3 which is integrally in a conical structure, the small end of each optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser is downward, and the large end of each optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser is upward, a solar cell sheet 4 is positioned at the bottom of each optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3, the light receiving surface of each solar cell sheet is closely attached to the small end of each optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3, and a fixing support 6 is arranged outside each optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser; the sunny side of the closed box body 2 is made of light-transmitting materials, and the rest parts of the closed box body are made of light-tight materials. The closed box body 2 seals and protects each photovoltaic power generation unit 1, so that the influence of the penetration of dust and water vapor on the performance of the photovoltaic power generation device is avoided; on the premise of ensuring that the absorption efficiency of the solar cell 4 is not reduced by the arrangement mode of the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3 and the solar cell 4, a gap can be reserved between the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3 and the light receiving surface of the solar cell 4.

Preferably, each tapered optical fiber 7 is arranged along the radial direction of the optical fiber taper photovoltaic condenser 3 from inside to outside in a diameter increasing mode, the large end of the optical fiber taper photovoltaic condenser 3 is of a convex hemispherical structure, and the small end of the optical fiber taper photovoltaic condenser is of a plane structure.

Preferably, the backlight surface of the solar cell 4 is further provided with a heat radiating fin 5, the solar cell 4 is fixed on the heat radiating fin 5 through heat conducting glue, and the heat radiating fin 5 is fixedly connected with the fixing support 6; the area of the solar cell 4 is consistent with the area of the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3, and the area of the radiating fin 5 is larger than that of the solar cell 4. By adopting the arrangement mode, the light intensity output by the output end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3 can be uniformly distributed on the solar cell 4 to the maximum extent, and the influence on the power generation efficiency of the battery caused by the overhigh temperature of the solar cell 4 can be prevented.

Preferably, the generatrix of the longitudinal section of the tapered optical fiber 7 is parabolic or linear, the large end surface of the tapered optical fiber is hemispherical or aspheric to enlarge the light receiving surface, and the small end surface of the tapered optical fiber is horizontal to facilitate the tight connection with the solar cell 4.

Preferably, the tapered optical fiber 7 is formed by batch drawing of a plastic optical fiber or a silica optical fiber, and the numerical aperture of the plastic optical fiber or the silica optical fiber is not less than 0.5.

Preferably, the tapered optical fiber 7 comprises an optical fiber core 8 positioned inside and an optical fiber cladding 9 wrapping the optical fiber core 8, the outer wall of the optical fiber cladding 9 is coated with a reflective film 10, and the reflectivity of the reflective film 10 is more than 90%.

Preferably, the sunny side of the closed box body 2 is made of glass or plastic material, and the rest is made of alloy material.

When the solar cell module is used specifically, a beam of light irradiates the large end face of the tapered optical fiber 7, if the light is within the acceptance angle range of the tapered optical fiber 7, the light is totally reflected for several times in the tapered optical fiber 7 and is emitted from the small end face of the tapered optical fiber 7, and finally the light uniformly irradiates the solar cell 4 at the bottom; when light rays propagate in the tapered optical fiber 7 and do not meet the total reflection condition and are refracted out of the tapered optical fiber 7, the reflecting film 10 can uniformly reflect the light rays to the solar cell 4 to a certain degree, so that the light ray utilization rate of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3 is improved.

Theoretically, the larger the cone angle of the tapered optical fiber 7 is, the larger the light concentration ratio thereof is, and when the area of the small end of the single tapered optical fiber 7 is close to 0 wirelessly, the light concentration ratio thereof is theoretically infinite. Therefore, the area of the small end of the tapered optical fiber 7 can be reduced and the light-cone concentration ratio can be increased according to the requirement of solar photoelectric utilization. It should be noted that the larger the condensing ratio is, the better, the incident angle of the light ray is reduced by 0.5 cone angle for every reflection when the light ray propagates forwards in the light cone, the larger the cone angle is, the larger the incident angle is reduced for every reflection when the light ray propagates in the light cone, the smaller the acceptance angle of the light cone is, and when the number of reflections is large enough, the incident angle of the light ray is smaller than the critical angle of total reflection, which results in energy loss. When the condensing ratio is constant, the cone angle of the optical fiber cone can be reduced by increasing the length of the cone, but the times of light reflection in the cone are increased as the cone is longer, and although the angle of incidence angle reduction of each light is smaller as the cone angle is smaller, the times of light reflection in the cone are correspondingly increased, and the acceptance angle of the cone is also reduced. Therefore, the optimal condensing ratio and the optimal acceptance angle of the light rays of the condensing cone are obtained according to the balance of the cone angle and the cone length of the optical fiber light cone according to actual requirements, and the high geometric condensing ratio and the large light ray acceptance angle can be realized at the same time, which is the advantage that a refraction type Fresnel condenser and a reflection type parabolic condenser cannot be compared with each other.

The large end surface of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3 protrudes outwards to be hemispherical, so that the daylighting area can be increased, for a single tapered optical fiber 7, when the taper angle and the length parameter of the light cone are properly selected, the acceptance angle can reach-20 degrees to +20 degrees, and for the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3 according to a certain rule, the acceptance angle can reach-45 degrees to +45 degrees. The concentrating photovoltaic power generation device can ensure that the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser 3 can effectively receive sunlight for more than 6 hours all the year around on average when the sunlight tracker is not used for fixed installation, and the refraction type Fresnel condenser and the reflection type parabolic condenser can not be compared with the refraction type Fresnel condenser and the reflection type parabolic condenser.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its corresponding aspects.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a non-tracking formula spotlight photovoltaic power generation device which characterized in that: the solar photovoltaic power generation device comprises photovoltaic power generation units (1) which are connected in series and arranged in a matrix manner and a closed box body (2) packaged outside the photovoltaic power generation units (1), wherein the large end and the small end of each tapered optical fiber (7) are closely attached and densely arranged from inside to outside to form an optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser (3) which is integrally in a tapered structure, the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser is downward, and the large end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser is upward, a solar cell (4) is positioned at the bottom of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser (3), a light receiving surface of the solar cell is closely attached to the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser (3), and a fixing support (6) is arranged outside the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser (3) and supports and fixes the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser (3) to form the photovoltaic power generation units; the sunny side of the closed box body (2) is made of light-transmitting materials, and the rest parts of the closed box body are made of light-tight materials.

2. The non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein: each conical optical fiber (7) is arranged along the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser (3) from inside to outside in a diameter increasing mode, the large end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser (3) is of a convex hemispherical structure, and the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser is of a plane structure.

3. The non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 2, wherein: the backlight surface of the solar cell (4) is also provided with a radiating fin (5), the solar cell (4) is fixed on the radiating fin (5) through heat conducting glue, and the radiating fin (5) is fixedly connected with a fixing support (6); the area of the solar cell (4) is consistent with that of the small end of the optical fiber light cone photovoltaic condenser (3), and the area of the radiating fin (5) is larger than that of the solar cell (4).

4. The non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein: the generatrix of the longitudinal section of the tapered optical fiber (7) is parabolic or linear, the large end surface of the tapered optical fiber is a hemispherical surface or an aspheric curved surface, and the small end surface of the tapered optical fiber is a horizontal surface.

5. The non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein: the tapered optical fiber (7) is formed by drawing a plastic optical fiber or a quartz optical fiber in batches, and the numerical aperture of the plastic optical fiber or the quartz optical fiber is not less than 0.5.

6. The non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein: the tapered optical fiber (7) comprises an optical fiber core (8) positioned inside and an optical fiber cladding (9) wrapping the optical fiber core (8), the outer wall of the optical fiber cladding (9) is plated with a reflecting film (10), and the reflectivity of the reflecting film (10) is more than 90%.

7. The non-tracking concentrating photovoltaic power generation device according to claim 1, wherein: the sunny side of the closed box body (2) is made of glass or plastic materials, and the rest parts are made of alloy materials.