NL2027312B1 - Ultrasonic-based in-situ testing device and method for damage detection of polymeric materials - Google Patents

Ultrasonic-based in-situ testing device and method for damage detection of polymeric materials Download PDF

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NL2027312B1
NL2027312B1 NL2027312A NL2027312A NL2027312B1 NL 2027312 B1 NL2027312 B1 NL 2027312B1 NL 2027312 A NL2027312 A NL 2027312A NL 2027312 A NL2027312 A NL 2027312A NL 2027312 B1 NL2027312 B1 NL 2027312B1
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ultrasonic
damage
situ
sliding block
polymeric materials
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NL2027312A
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NL2027312A (en
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Zhang Yi
Xue Shifeng
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Univ China Petroleum East China
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • G01N3/16—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces applied through gearing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/225—Supports, positioning or alignment in moving situation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/07—Analysing solids by measuring propagation velocity or propagation time of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
    • G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
    • G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4445—Classification of defects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/44—Processing the detected response signal, e.g. electronic circuits specially adapted therefor
    • G01N29/4472—Mathematical theories or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02—Details
    • G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
    • G01N2203/0003—Steady
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0017—Tensile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
    • G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
    • G01N2203/0037—Generation of the force using mechanical means involving a rotating movement, e.g. gearing, cam, eccentric, or centrifuge effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
    • G01N2203/0244—Tests performed "in situ" or after "in situ" use
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0658—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using acoustic or ultrasonic detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
    • G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle

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  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an ultrasonic-based in-situ testing device and method for polymer damage detection. The device includes a mobile adjustment device, an ultrasonic transmitting and an ultrasonic receiving probe; the mobile adjustment device includes in-situ stretching base, slide rail sliding block device and sliding device, a slide rail sliding block slides relative to the in-situ stretching base through the sliding device, a fixture is arranged at the tops of the in-situ stretching base and the slide rail sliding block device, the ultrasonic probes are located above the mobile adjusting device, at the bottoms of a first vertical rod and a second vertical rod, the distance between the vertical rods is adjustable. A damage value is calculated through an ultrasonic wave velocity. The disadvantage that damage variables can only be measured after damage is overcome, the internal damage of the material can be reflected more truly.

Description

ULTRASONIC-BASED IN-SITU TESTING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR
DAMAGE DETECTION OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical fields of polymer testing, experimental mechanics and ultrasonic non-destructive testing, and specifically relates to an ultrasonic-based in-situ testing device and method for damage detection of polymeric materials.
Background of the Invention The information of the background art is disclosed for only increasing the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and is not necessarily regarded as acknowledging or in any form suggesting that the information constitutes the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Damage is characterized by damage variables in damage mechanics, the damage evolution process is described by a damage evolution equation. Although damage mechanics has been developed for more than half a century, the understanding on the damage mechanisms of materials, especially polymeric materials is still insufficient, and the factors affecting damage evolution have not been fully clarified. Therefore, researches on the damage evolution is still continuing.
The application of the in-situ testing technology has played a vital role in promoting the development of materials science. In addition, the development and research of in-situ testing devices in the world has also maintained a relatively good trend. The entire deformation and damage process can be dynamically monitored by the in-situ testing method. Important mechanical parameters such as the elastic modulus of the material can also be measured. The existing in-situ testing methods and devices mainly include cone penetration testing technology applied to geotechnical engineering, and in-situ nano-mechanical testing systems etc.
Ultrasonic testing is widely used in industrial non-destructive testing, but the ultrasonic testing is mainly used for the damage detection of traditional materials such as metals and rocks at present, and is rarely used for polymeric materials. In addition, the centering effect of a signal transmitting probe and a signal receiving probe in the ultrasonic testing has a great influence on the testing result. The traditional testing methods basically rely on visual observation, so it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the testing results. Furthermore, the traditional ultrasonic testing method needs to accurately measure the distance between the transmitting probe and the receiving probe, or needs to accurately measure parameters such as the thickness of a tested sample, thereby increasing the difficulty and instability of the test.
Summary of the Invention In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic-based in-situ testing device and method for damage detection of polymeric materials.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An ultrasonic-based in-situ testing device for damage detection of polymeric materials includes a mobile adjustment device, an ultrasonic transmitting probe and an ultrasonic receiving probe; the mobile adjustment device includes an in-situ stretching base, a slide rail sliding block device and a sliding device, a slide rail sliding block slides relative to the in-situ stretching base through the sliding device, and a fixture is respectively arranged at the tops of the in-situ stretching base and the slide rail sliding block device; And the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are respectively located above the mobile adjusting device, the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe are respectively located at the bottoms of a first vertical rod and a second vertical rod, and the distance between the two vertical rods is adjustable.
The existing ultrasonic damage testing devices are used for the detection of traditional materials such as metals and rocks, polymeric materials have different hardness and tensile properties from the traditional materials such as metals and rocks, that is, in the case of an external testing force, the damage conditions of the polymeric materials cannot be obtained by using the existing testing methods. In the present invention, a sample is stretched by the slide rail sliding block, and the damage value of the sample can be accurately measured under the condition of stretching. The traditional ultrasonic testing method needs to accurately measure the distance between the transmitting probe and the receiving probe, or needs to accurately measure parameters such as the thickness of the tested sample, thereby increasing the difficulty and instability of the test. In the present invention, the two probes are fixed by using the two vertical rods, when the distance between the two vertical rods is adjusted, the distance between the two probes can be adjusted, and then tests of different distances can be performed. The problem of measurement errors caused the fact that the existing probes cannot be easily centered or aligned is solved.
As some embodiments of the present invention, the slide rail sliding block device includes two slide rail sliding blocks and a lead screw nut seat, and the two sides of the top of the lead screw nut seat are connected to the slide rail sliding blocks on two slide rails through sliding block connecting pieces.
As some embodiments of the present invention, the in-situ stretching base is of an L-shaped structure, the sliding device includes a fixed support, a ball screw, sliding block connecting pieces, a lead screw nut seat, an adjustable support and two slide rails, the two ends of the ball screw are respectively connected to the fixed support and the adjustable support, the two slide rail sliding blocks fall on the two slide rails respectively, the ball screw passes through the lead screw nut seat, one fixture is arranged at the top of a vertical structure on one side of the in-situ stretching base, the other fixture is arranged at the top of a horizontal structure where the sliding device is arranged on the in-situ stretching base, the fixed support is fixedly connected with a side face of the in-situ stretching base, and the side face slides relative to the sliding block connecting pieces.
The in-situ stretching base is fixed on a bottom plate and is immovable, the slide rail sliding block moves relative to an L-shaped vertical part of the in-situ stretching base, the adjustable support provides rotation power for the ball screw, and when the ball screw rotates, the slide rail sliding block is driven to move linearly, thus realizing the stretching test of the sample. As some embodiments of the present invention, the fixture is a clamping plate, the clamping plate is composed of an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate, two lower clamping plates are respectively fixed on the tops of the fixed support and the lead screw nut seat, and the upper clamping plate is fixedly connected with the lower clamping plate by bolts. In the present invention, the sample is stretched by the clamping plate, the damage of the polymer sample during the stretching or damage process can be measured, while the damage is measured only after the material is deformed in the traditional method, therefore the internal damage of the material can be reflected more truly.
As some embodiments of the present invention, the in-situ testing device for polymer damage detection includes a supporting device, the supporting device includes a bottom plate, and a left side plate and a right side plate, which are located on the both sides of the bottom plate, the bottoms of the left side plate and the right side plate are fixedly connected with two side edges of the bottom plate respectively, and the in-situ stretching base is arranged on the bottom plate.
As some embodiments of the present invention, an ultrasonic probe adjustment device is arranged at the top of the supporting device, the ultrasonic probe adjustment device includes a first lead screw, a second lead screw, a first sliding block and a second sliding block, the two ends of the first lead screw and the second lead screw are fixedly connected with the left side plate and the right side plate respectively, the first sliding block and the second sliding block respectively pass through the first lead screw and the second lead screw at the same time, and the first vertical rod and the second vertical rod vertically pass through the first sliding block and the second sliding block respectively.
Further, one end of the first lead screw protruding from the left side plate is fixedly connected with a first rocker, and one end of the second lead screw protruding from the right side plate 1s fixedly connected with a second rocker.
Further, the supporting device includes a first cross bar and a second cross bar, the two ends of the first cross bar and the second cross bar are fixedly connected with 5 the left side plate and the right side plate, the first cross bar and the second cross bar are respectively located on the outer sides of the two lead screws, and the first cross bar and the second cross bar pass through the first sliding block and the second sliding block respectively.
A supporting device is arranged above the polymer sample to support the two vertical rods and adjust the distance between the two vertical rods.
An ultrasonic-based in-situ testing method for polymer damage detection includes the following specific steps: 1) fixing the two ends of the sample by using the two clamping plates, and adjusting the positions of the sliding rail sliding blocks through the ball screw; 2) moving the first vertical rod downward to drop the ultrasonic transmitting probe on the sample, adjusting the second sliding block and the first sliding block to squeeze the same together, and causing the second vertical rod to move downward so as to drop the ultrasonic receiving probe on the sample; 3) driving the ball screw to stop the slide rail sliding blocks after moving relative to the fixed support for a set distance, moving the ultrasonic receiving probe for a set distance relative to the ultrasonic transmitting probe, and recording ultrasonic signals; and 4) obtaining the slope of a fitted straight line through a relationship curve between displacement and time, obtaining the ultrasonic wave velocity before and after the damage, and calculating the damage value of the sample by the ultrasonic wave velocity.
In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the ultrasonic wave velocity is: oo +120) in the formula, £ represents the elastic modulus of the material without damage, p represents the density of the material without damage, and v represents the Poisson ratio of the material. Vv? In some embodiments, the calculation formula of the damage value is: D=1 Tr "LO in the formula, vip represents the ultrasonic wave velocity after damage, and vio represents the ultrasonic wave velocity without damage.
The above-mentioned no damage refers to before the sample is stretched.
In the in-situ testing method of the present invention, the damage value is obtained through the ultrasonic wave velocity before and after the damage. In the traditional method, the damage is generally measured after unloading, so that the damage has been partially recovered, and the real damage cannot be truly expressed.
The present invention has beneficial effects as follows:
1. The present invention has small testing error and good repeatability. The present invention overcomes the problem that the traditional ultrasonic detection signal transmitting probe and receiving probe are difficult to be centered and aligned, avoids the testing error caused by the misalignment of the probes, greatly improves the repeatability of the testing result, at the same time, shortens the installation time of the ultrasonic probes, simplifies the testing process and improves the testing efficiency.
2. The testing process of the present invention is simple, and the cost is low. The present invention does not need to additionally measure the distance between the ultrasonic transmitting probe and the ultrasonic receiving probe, and quickly and accurately locates the positions of the ultrasonic probes through the combination of simple structures such as aluminum alloy brackets, smooth round rods, thereby improving the accuracy of the testing result, shortening the testing time and reducing the testing cost.
3. The present invention uses ultrasonic to quantitatively test the damage variables in the process of polymeric material deformation, thereby overcoming the disadvantage that the damage variables can only be measured after the material is deformed in the traditional damage testing methods, and the internal damage of the material can be reflected more truly.
Brief Description of the Drawings The drawings of the specification forming a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and the description thereof are used to explain the present invention, and do not constitute improper limitations to the present invention.
Fig. 1 is an ultrasonic-based in-situ testing device for polymeric material damage of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of a mobile sliding block part of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a displacement-time point fitted straight line diagram in an embodiment 1 of the present invention; wherein, 101. bottom plate, 102. left side plate, 103. right side plate, 104. first vertical rod, 105. first sliding block, 106. first cross bar, 107. first lead screw, 108. first rocker, 109. second vertical rod, 110. second sliding block, 111. second lead screw, 112. second cross bar, 113. second rocker, 114. ultrasonic transmitting probe,
115. ultrasonic receiving probe, 201. in-situ stretching base, 201. slide rail, 202. slide rail, 203. clamping plate, 204. fixed support, 205. slide rail sliding block, 206. movable support, 207. ball screw, 208. sliding block connecting piece, 209. lead screw nut seat, 301. sample.
Detailed Description of the Embodiments It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are all illustrative and are intended to provide further descriptions of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.
It should be noted that the terms used here are only used for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application.
As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form.
In addition, it should also be understood that, when the terms "comprising" and/or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.
Embodiment 1 A testing device includes an aluminum alloy bottom plate 101, a left side plate 102 and a right side plate 103, which are combined into a bracket, a first vertical rod 104, a first sliding block 105, a first cross bar 106, a first lead screw 107, a first rocker 108, a second vertical rod 109, a second sliding block 110, a second lead screw 111, a second cross barl12, a second rocker 113, an ultrasonic transmitting probe 114, an ultrasonic receiving probe 115, an in-situ stretching base 201, a slide rail 202, a clamping plate 203, a fixed support 204, a slide rail sliding block 205, a movable support 206, a ball screw 207, a sliding block connecting piece 208, a lead screw nut base 209 and a tested polymeric sample 301. In this embodiment, a common polymeric material-polyethylene is used as an example, and the damage variables of the polyethylene sample are quantitatively tested by using ultrasonic.
The two sides of the top of the lead screw nut seat 209 are connected to the slide rail sliding blocks 205 on two slide rails through sliding block connecting pieces 208. The two slide rail sliding blocks 205 fall on the slide rail 201 and the slide rail 202 respectively, the ball screw 207 passes through the lead screw nut seat 209, one fixture is arranged at the top of a vertical structure on one side of the in-situ stretching base 201, the other fixture is arranged at the top of a horizontal structure where the sliding device is arranged on the in-situ stretching base 201, the fixed support 204 is fixedly connected with a side face of the in-situ stretching base 201, and the side face slides relative to the slide rail sliding block device.
The fixture is the clamping plate 203.
The two ends of the first lead screw 107 and the second lead screw 111 are fixedly connected with the left side plate 102 and the right side plate 103 respectively, the first sliding block 105 and the second sliding block 110 respectively pass through the first lead screw 107 and the second lead screw 111 at the same time, and the first vertical rod 104 and the second vertical rod 109 vertically pass through the first sliding block 105 and the second sliding block 110 respectively. One end of the first lead screw 107 protruding from the left side plate 102 is fixedly connected with the first rocker 108, and one end of the second lead screw 111 protruding from the right side plate 103 is fixedly connected with the second rocker
113. The supporting device includes the first cross bar 106 and the second cross bar 112, the two ends of the first cross bar 106 and the second cross bar 112 are fixedly connected with the left side plate 102 and the right side plate 103, the first cross bar 106 and the second cross bar 112 are respectively located on the outer sides of the two lead screws, and the first cross bar 106 and the second cross bar 112 pass through the first sliding block 105 and the second sliding block 110 respectively. The second rocker 113 controls the movement of the second sliding block 110, and the first rocker 108 controls the movement of the first sliding block 105. Embodiment 2 testing process First, a polyethylene sample 301 is fixed by using the sample clamping plate 203, the ultrasonic transmitting probe 114 is fixed to the sample 301 by moving the first vertical rod 104 downward, and an appropriate amount of coupling agent is coated between the transmitting probe and the sample 301 to improve the efficiency of sound wave propagation. The second rocker 113 is adjusted to cause the second sliding block 110 to move leftward to lean against the first sliding block 105, the ultrasonic receiving probe 115 is fixed to the sample 301 by moving the second vertical rod 109 downward, and an appropriate amount of coupling agent is coated between the receiving probe and the sample 301. The ball screw 207 is controlled by a servo motor to stretch the sample 301 at a constant speed of 1 mm/min until the displacement reaches 1 mm, and ultrasonic signals are starting to be recorded. At this time, the second sliding block 110 leans against the first sliding block 105, and the first data is recorded, that is, the time tl required for the ultrasonic from the ultrasonic transmitting probe 114 to the ultrasonic receiving probe 115. The ultrasonic transmitting probe 114 is fixed, the second pulley 113 is rotated for a circle and is moved rightward for 0.5mm corresponding to the ultrasonic receiving probe 115, and the second data t2 is recorded. The fixed ultrasonic transmitting probe 13 is fixed, once the second pulley 12 is rotated for a circle, one data is recorded, and a total of 5 data are recorded, namely, tl, t2, t3, t4 and t5. tl corresponds to a displacement of 0, t2 corresponds to a displacement of 0.5mm, t3 corresponds to a displacement of 1mm, t4 corresponds to a displacement of 1.5mm, and tS corresponds to a displacement of 2mm. The above 5 displacement-time points are plotted and are fitted by a straight line (as shown in Fig. 3). The slope of the fitted straight line is the ultrasonic wave velocity when the polyethylene sample is deformed by 1mm, which is 2205.86m/s. The second rocker 113 is adjusted to cause the second sliding block 110 to move leftward to lean against the first sliding block 105. The motor is started to control the ball screw 207 to stretch the sample 301 at a constant speed of 1 mm/min until the displacement reaches 2mm. 5 ultrasonic data points when the polyethylene sample is deformed by 2mm are obtained by using the above method, and an ultrasonic wave velocity of 1937.149 m/s is obtained through straight line fitting. By using the same method, it can be obtained in sequence that the ultrasonic wave velocities, when the polyethylene sample is deformed by 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm and 10mm, are 1840.298 m/s, 1672.159 m/s, 1530.17 m/s, 1486.863 m/s, 1460.262 m/s,
1403.691 m/s, 1340.849 m/s and 1274.914 m/s respectively. The ultrasonic wave velocity of the unstretched polyethylene sample is 2286.129m/s. According to the theory of continuum damage mechanics, the ultrasonic wave velocity in a material without damage can be calculated by the following formula: y - | E,(1-v) 2, (1+v)(1-2v) in the formula, £ represents the elastic modulus of the material without damage, p represents the density of the material without damage, and v represents the Poisson ratio of the material. The ultrasonic wave velocity of the material with damage is: Vip = Ey ( — ) \ Pp{1+v){1-2) According to the damage mechanics, the damage value of the material can be calculated by the following formula: pein Via For the polyethylene material in this embodiment, the damage value of the sample 1 is: DA Is ~0.118 By using the same method, the damage values of the polyethylene sample when being deformed by 2-10mm can be measured as 0.282, 0.352, 0.465, 0.552, 0.557, 0.592,
0.623, 0.656 and 0.689. Based on this, the damage evolution equation of the entire deformation process of the polyethylene material can be established, and the deformation damage mechanism of the polyethylene material can be revealed.
The foregoing descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements and the like, made within the spirit and principle of the present invention, shall all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

Conclusies:Conclusions: 1. Op ultrasoon gebaseerd in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen, omvattende een mobiel instelapparaat, een ultrasone zendsonde (114) en een ultrasone ontvangsonde (115), waarin het mobiel instelapparaat een in-situ spanbasis (201), een glijrail-glijblokinrichting en een glij-inrichting bevat, waarbij een glijrail-glijblok (205) ten opzichte van de in-situ spanbasis (201) schuift door de glij-inrichting, en een spaninrichting is aangebracht aan respectievelijk de bovenkanten van de in-situ spanbasis (201) en de glijrail-glijblokinrichting; en de ultrasone zendsonde (114) en de ultrasone ontvangsonde (115) aangebracht zijn boven het mobiele instelapparaat, waarbij de ultrasone zendsonde (114) en de ultrasone ontvangsonde (115) zich respectievelijk aan de onderkant van een eerste verticale staaf (104) en een tweede verticale staaf (109) bevinden, en de afstand tussen beide verticale stangen (104, 105) verstelbaar is.An ultrasonic based in-situ test device for detecting damage to polymeric materials, comprising a mobile setting device, an ultrasonic transmitting probe (114) and an ultrasonic receiving probe (115), wherein the mobile setting device has an in-situ tension base (201), includes a slide rail slide block device and a slide device, wherein a slide rail slide block (205) slides relative to the in-situ tension base (201) through the slide device, and a tension device is provided at the tops of the in-situ, respectively. in situ tension base (201) and the slide rail slide block arrangement; and the ultrasonic transmitting probe (114) and the ultrasonic receiving probe (115) are mounted above the mobile adjustment device, the ultrasonic transmitting probe (114) and the ultrasonic receiving probe (115) being located on the underside of a first vertical rod (104) and a second vertical rod (109), and the distance between the two vertical rods (104, 105) is adjustable. 2. Het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de glijrail-glijblokinrichting twee glijrail-glijblokken (205) en een spindelmoerzitting (209) omvat, en de twee zijden van de bovenkant van de spindelmoerzitting (209) verbonden zijn met de glijrail-glijblokken (205) op twee glijrails (202) via glijblokverbindingsstukken (208); waarbij, bij voorkeur, de in-situ spanbasis een L-vormige structuur vertoont, en de glij-inrichting een vaste steun (204), een kogelomloopspindel (207), glijblokverbindingsstukken (208), een spindelmoerzitting (209), een verstelbare steun en twee glijrails (202) bevat waarbij de twee uiteinden van de kogelomloopspindel (207) verbonden zijn met respectievelijk de vaste steun (204) en de verstelbare steun, de twee glijrail-glijblokken (205) respectievelijk op de twee glijrails (201, 202) vallen, de kogelomloopspindel (207) door de spindelmoerzitting (209) gaat, één spaninrichting aangebracht is aan de bovenkant van een verticale structuur aan de ene kant van de in-situ spanbasis (201), de andere spaninrichting aangebracht is aan de bovenkant van een horizontale structuur waar de glij-inrichting is aangebracht op de in-situ spanbasis (201), de vaste steun (204) vast verbonden is met een zijvlak van de in situ spanbasis (201), en het zijvlak ten opzichte van de glijblokverbindingsstukken (208) schuift.The ultrasonic-based in-situ test apparatus for detecting damage to polymeric materials according to claim 1, wherein the slide rail slide block arrangement comprises two slide rail slide blocks (205) and a spindle nut seat (209), and the two sides of the top of the spindle nut seat (209) being connected to the slide rail slide blocks (205) on two slide rails (202) via slide block connectors (208); preferably wherein the in-situ tension base has an L-shaped structure, and the sliding device comprises a fixed support (204), a ballscrew (207), sliding block connectors (208), a spindle nut seat (209), an adjustable support and includes two slide rails (202) with the two ends of the ballscrew (207) connected to the fixed support (204) and the adjustable support respectively, the two slide rail slide blocks (205) fall on the two slide rails (201, 202) respectively , the ballscrew (207) passes through the lead screw nut seat (209), one tensioner is mounted on the top of a vertical structure on one side of the in-situ tension base (201), the other tensioner is mounted on the top of a horizontal structure where the sliding device is mounted on the in-situ tension base (201), the fixed support (204) is rigidly connected to a side surface of the in-situ tension base (201), and the side surface relative to the sliding block connectors ( 208) slides. 3. Het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarin de spaninrichting een klemplaat (203) is, en de klemplaat (203) is samengesteld uit een bovenste klemplaat en een onderste klemplaat, waarbij twee onderste klemplaten zijn bevestigd respectievelijk op de bovenkanten van de vaste steun (204) en de glijrail- glijblokinrichting, en de bovenste klemplaat vast verbonden is met de onderste klemplaat door middel van bouten.The ultrasonic-based in-situ test apparatus for detecting damage to polymeric materials according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the clamping device is a clamping plate (203), and the clamping plate (203) is composed of an upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate wherein two lower clamping plates are fixed to the tops of the fixed support (204) and the slide rail sliding block arrangement, respectively, and the upper clamping plate is fixedly connected to the lower clamping plate by means of bolts. 4. Het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens conclusie 1, 2 of 3, waarin het in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen een ondersteuningsinrichting bevat, de ondersteuningsinrichting een bodemplaat (101), en een linker zijplaat (102) en een rechter zijplaat (103), die zich aan beide zijden van de bodemplaat (101) bevinden, bevat, waarbij de bodems van de linker zijplaat en de rechter zijplaat (102, 103) vast verbonden zijn met respectievelijk twee zijranden van de bodemplaat (101), en de in-situ spanbasis (201) op de bodemplaat (101) aangebracht is.The ultrasonically based in-situ damage detection test device for polymeric materials according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the in-situ damage detection test device for polymeric materials comprises a support device, the support device comprises a bottom plate (101). ), and including a left side plate (102) and a right side plate (103) located on both sides of the bottom plate (101), wherein the bottoms of the left side plate and the right side plate (102, 103) are fixedly connected are fitted with two side edges of the bottom plate (101), respectively, and the in-situ tension base (201) is mounted on the bottom plate (101). 5. Het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens conclusie 4, waarin een ultrasone sonde-afstelinrichting aangebracht is aan de bovenkant van de ondersteuningsinrichting, de ultrasone sonde-afstelinrichting een eerste draadspindel (107), een tweede draadspindel (111), een eerste glijblok (105) en een tweede glijblok (110) omvat, de twee uiteinden van de eerste draadspindel (107) en de tweede draadspindel (111) vast verbonden zijn met respectievelijk de linker zijplaat (102) en de rechter zijplaat (103), het eerste glijblok (105) en het tweede glijblok (110) respectievelijk de eerste draadspindel (107) en de tweede draadspindel (103) tegelijkertijd passeren, en de eerste verticale staaf (104) en de tweede verticale staaf (109) verticaal door respectievelijk het eerste glijblok (105) en het tweede glijblok (110) gaan.The ultrasonic-based in-situ test apparatus for detecting damage to polymeric materials according to claim 4, wherein an ultrasonic probe adjustment device is arranged on the top of the support device, the ultrasonic probe adjustment device a first lead screw (107), a second lead screw (111), a first slide block (105) and a second slide block (110), the two ends of the first lead screw (107) and the second lead screw (111) are fixedly connected to the left side plate (102) and respectively the right side plate (103), the first sliding block (105) and the second sliding block (110) pass through the first lead screw (107) and the second lead screw (103) respectively at the same time, and the first vertical rod (104) and the second vertical rod (109) pass vertically through the first slide block (105) and the second slide block (110), respectively. 6. Het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens conclusie 5, waarin een uiteinde van de eerste draadspindel (107) die uit de linker zijplaat steekt (102) vast verbonden met een eerste tuimelaar (108), en een uiteinde van de tweede draadspindel (111) die uitsteekt uit de rechter zijplaat (103) vast verbonden is met een tweede tuimelaar (113).The ultrasonic-based in-situ test apparatus for detecting damage to polymeric materials according to claim 5, wherein an end of the first lead screw (107) protruding from the left side plate (102) is rigidly connected to a first rocker arm (108) , and an end of the second lead screw (111) protruding from the right side plate (103) is rigidly connected to a second rocker arm (113). 7. Het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens conclusie 5, waann de ondersteuningsinrichting een eerste dwarsbalk (106) en een tweede dwarsbalk (112) bevat, de twee uiteinden van de eerste dwarsbalk (106) en de tweede dwarsbalk (112) vast verbonden zijn met de linker zijplaat (102) en de rechter zijplaat (103), de eerste dwarsbalk (106) en de tweede dwarsbalk (112) zich respectievelijk aan de buitenzijden van de twee draadspindels bevinden, en de eerste dwarsstang en de tweede dwarsstang gaan respectievelijk door het eerste blijblok (105) en het tweede glijblok (110).The ultrasonically based in-situ test apparatus for detecting damage to polymeric materials according to claim 5, wherein the support device comprises a first crossbar (106) and a second crossbar (112), the two ends of the first crossbar (106) and the second crossbar (112) being rigidly connected to the left side plate (102) and the right side plate (103), the first crossbar (106) and the second crossbar (112) are on the outer sides of the two threaded spindles, respectively, and the first crossbar and the second crossbar pass through the first stay block (105) and the second slide block (110), respectively. 8. Testwerkwijze gebruik makend van het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens een der conclusies 1 tot en met 7, specifiek bevattende de volgende stappen 1) respectievelijk het bevestigen van de twee uiteinden van het monster met behulp van de twee klemplaten, en het aanpassen van de posities van de glijrail-glijblokkenA test method using the ultrasonic-based in-situ test device for detecting damage to polymeric materials according to any one of claims 1 to 7, specifically comprising the following steps 1) and fixing the two ends of the sample with using the two clamping plates, and adjusting the positions of the slide rail slide blocks (205) door middel van de kogelomloopspindel (207); 2) het naar beneden bewegen van de eerste verticale staat (104) om de ultrasone zendsonde (114) op het monster te laten vallen, het aanpassen van tweede glijblok (110) en het eerste glijblok (105) om hetzelfde samen te drukken, en ervoor zorgen dat de tweede verticale staaf (109) naar beneden beweegt om de ultrasone ontvangsonde (115) te laten op het monster; 3) het aandrijven van de kogelomloopspindel (207) om de glijblokken van de schuifrail te stoppen na een bepaalde afstand ten opzichte van de vaste steun (204) te hebben bewogen, de ultrasone ontvangsonde (115) over een ingestelde afstand ten opzichte van de ultrasone zendsonde (114) te bewegen en ultrasone signalen op te nemen; en 4) het verkrijgen van de helling van een gefitte rechte lijn door een relatiecurve tussen verplaatsing en tijd, het verkrijgen van de ultrasone golfsnelheid voor en vde schade, en het berekenen van de schadewaarde van het monster door de ultrasone golfsnelheid.(205) by means of the ballscrew (207); 2) moving the first vertical state (104) downwards to drop the ultrasonic transmitting probe (114) onto the sample, adjusting the second sliding block (110) and the first sliding block (105) to compress the same, and causing the second vertical rod (109) to move downward to leave the ultrasonic receiving probe (115) on the sample; 3) driving the ballscrew (207) to stop the sliding rail sliding blocks after moving a certain distance from the fixed support (204), the ultrasonic receiving probe (115) a set distance from the ultrasonic moving transmitting probe (114) and recording ultrasonic signals; and 4) obtaining the slope of a fitted straight line through a relationship curve between displacement and time, obtaining the ultrasonic wave velocity before and vth damage, and calculating the damage value of the sample by the ultrasonic wave velocity. 9. Testwerkwijze gebruik makend van het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens conclusie 8, waarin de berekeningsformule voor de ultrasone golfsnelheid , Vy = | Eloy) is; £2, 1+v)(1-2v) in de formule geeft E de elasticiteitsmodulus van het materiaal zonder schade, geeft p de dichtheid van het materiaal zonder schade en v de Poisson factor van het materiaal weer. 23A test method using the ultrasonic-based in-situ damage detection test apparatus for polymeric materials according to claim 8, wherein the ultrasonic wave velocity calculation formula, Vy = | Eloy) is; £2, 1+v)(1-2v) in the formula E gives the elastic modulus of the material without damage, p gives the density of the material without damage and v gives the Poisson factor of the material. 23 10. Testwerkwijze gebruik makend van het op ultrasoon gebaseerde in-situ testapparaat voor het opsporen van beschadigingen van polymere materialen volgens conclusie 8, waarin de berekeningsformule voor de schadewaardeA test method using the ultrasonic-based in-situ test apparatus for detecting damage to polymeric materials according to claim 8, wherein the damage value calculation formula Vv; D=1-2Z2 is Vio in de formule geeft vip de ultrasone golfsnelheid na schade en vy de ultrasone golfsnelheid voor schade weervv; D=1-2Z2 is Vio in the formula vip denotes the ultrasonic wave velocity after damage and vy denotes the ultrasonic wave velocity before damage
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