NL2026348B1 - Device and method for growing mushrooms - Google Patents

Device and method for growing mushrooms Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2026348B1
NL2026348B1 NL2026348A NL2026348A NL2026348B1 NL 2026348 B1 NL2026348 B1 NL 2026348B1 NL 2026348 A NL2026348 A NL 2026348A NL 2026348 A NL2026348 A NL 2026348A NL 2026348 B1 NL2026348 B1 NL 2026348B1
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
rack
bed
compost
beds
shelving
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NL2026348A
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Dutch (nl)
Inventor
Gerardus Maria Van Doremaele Marcus
Alexander Jozef Lemmen Jacobus
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Gerardus Maria Van Doremaele Marcus
Alexander Jozef Lemmen Jacobus
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Priority to PCT/NL2021/050493 priority Critical patent/WO2022031170A2/en
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Publication of NL2026348B1 publication Critical patent/NL2026348B1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
    • A01G18/62—Racks; Trays

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for growing mushrooms, comprising a first shelving, provided with several longitudinally extending and superimposed beds, each adapted to carry a layer of compost, a second shelving, longitudinally arranged in line with the first shelving, comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending and superposed beds, each adapted to carry a layer of compost, a bridge between a first bed in the first shelving and at least a second bed in the second shelving, for moving compost from the first bed to the at least second bed via the bridge, a device, such as a winch, for moving compost with a pulling net from the first to the second shelving, wherein the beds of at least the second shelving are mutually movable between at least: a first position, wherein a second bed supported above a first bed at least partially impedes the accessibility of the first bed in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed extends, and, a second position in which at least a larger part of the first bed is free approachable from a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed extends than in the first position, and / or wherein, the beds of at least the second shelving are tiltable about a longitudinal axis.

Description

Device and method for growing mushrooms The present invention relates to a device and method for growing mushrooms.
More in particular, the invention relates to a system for growing mushrooms in a commercial set-up, wherein beds normally have an average length of 10 to 100 meters, a width of 0,5 to 2 meters.
At industrial scales, mushrooms are traditionally grown at indoor locations, often called growing rooms, wherein shelvings are placed that support beds for holding compost and casing soil, on which the mushrooms are grown. The compost and casing soil are placed on pulling nets, that allow to fill and empty the bed with compost and casing soil easily. Usually, this is done after every two or three flushes of mushrooms, since the compost has lost its fertility and nutrition then.
In certain configurations, for reasons of efficient use of floor surface, beds are placed at a mutual distance above each other in the shelving. Normally, the beds are placed 0,4 to 1,4 meters above each other. That is, seen from bottom to bottom or top to top of two adjacent beds. In other words, the pitch between the beds in a height direction. Once mushrooms are ready, harvest of the mushrooms takes place, manually by harvesters, standing next to the beds at various height levels and delivering the mushrooms to harvesting conveyors once they are cut. From there on they are further processed, either manually or in an automated way.
It takes several weeks to cultivate the mushrooms until they are ready to be harvested. During that time, specific climate and light conditions are required, and little interaction by personnel is required. For that reason, the cells can be kept small, only exceeding the size of the shelvings as little as required.
When the mushrooms are ready for harvesting, harvesters need to access the shelvings. Several improvements for or relating to the harvesting process have been proposed by the applicant of the present application, as disclosed in European patent applications EP3578037, EP3581022, EP3607818 and EP3673726, which are incorporated by reference.
Although the shelvings disclosed in these applications are suitable for the entire mushroom growing process, it is not necessary to have the possibility of tilting available throughout the growing process.
Itis therefore a goal of the present invention to propose a device or system and a method for growing mushrooms that enables easy harvesting without requiring tilting shelves capacity throughout the growing process of the mushrooms.
The invention thereto proposes a device for growing mushrooms, comprising a first shelving, provided with several longitudinally extending and superimposed beds, each adapted to carry a layer of compost, and a second shelving, longitudinally arranged in line with the first shelving, comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending and superposed beds, each adapted to carry a layer of compost, a bridge between a first bed in the first shelving and a second bed in the second shelving, for moving compost from the first bed to the second bed via the bridge, and a device, such as a winch, for moving compost with a pulling net from the first to the second shelving wherein the beds of at least the second shelving are mutually movable between at least a first position, wherein a second bed supported above a first bed at least partially impedes the accessibility of the first bed in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed extends and a second position in which at least a larger part of the first bed is free approachable from a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed extends than in the first position, and / or wherein the beds of at least the second shelving are tiltable about a longitudinal axis.
By providing a bridge for transferring compost from the first shelving to the second shelving, only the second shelving needs to comprise beds with a first and a second position and / or being tiltable. This sets less strict requirements to the first shelving, which may be a regular shelving with fixed beds for compost. in general, the present application also relates to a first shelving with fixed beds and a second shelving according to European patent applications EP3578037, EP3581022, EP3607818 and EP3673726. The beds in the first and the second shelving preferably are at a same height level from ground. That enables the bridge to extend in a horizontal plane. Since both the first and the second shelving may have beds above each other, and preferably all at mutually corresponding heights, the bridge may have an adjustable height, or be configured to have support platforms at several heights, to allow simultaneous transfer of compost from a first to a second shelving.
In an embodiment, the second shelving has two beds at substantially the same height level that extend longitudinally, side by side in a width direction. Such configuration is for instance disclosed in EP3578037, EP3581022, EP3607818 and EP3673726.
In general, it is beneficial when the head end at the facing sides of beds of the first and second shelving provide a passage for compost on a pulling net and wherein the head ends are in particular not limited by parts, such as uprights, of the shelving. The configuration as disclosed in EP3607818 may therefore be preferred, so that the shelving comprises at least one portal, the portal comprising at least two essentially vertical stands, connected by at least one beam that extends from a first stand to the second stand. Preferably, a combined width of two beds at the same height in the second shelving is at least equal to the width of one or more beds at a corresponding height in the first shelving. The first shelving may have one or more beds at the same height. For those embodiments wherein the first and the second shelving have different numbers of shelvings, a splitting device for splitting a layer of compost in a width direction, in particular during the movement of the compost from the first to the second shelving, may be present. The splitting device may comprise a knife arranged between the first and the second shelving. The splitting device may be part of the bridge. Said bridge between a first bed in the first shelving and a second bed in the second shelving may preferably be formed by a transfer bridge, in particular a (re)movable transfer bridge. This transfer bridge may comprise one or more conveyors that serve as an aid when transferring the compost from the first to the second shelving.
Especially when the first shelving as a different number of beds at a certain level than the second shelving, a take-over device for taking over compost from a first pulling net on a second pulling net and / or third pulling net may be applied.
The device according to the invention may further comprise a third shelving, provided with several longitudinally extending and superimposed beds, each adapted to carry a layer of compost, the third shelving longitudinally arranged in line with the second shelving, at a side remote from the first shelving. Different shelvings may be placed in different cells, each cell with its own climate control.
The invention also relates to a method for operating a mushroom farm, comprising: providing an apparatus as described above, providing compost in at least one bed in the first shelving, growing mushrooms on the at least one bed in the first shelving during a first period of time, moving the compost with the mushrooms from the at least one bed in the first shelving to at least a first bed in the second shelving, the at least first bed in the second shelving being in the first position, moving the at least first bed from the second shelving from a first to a second position, and harvesting mushrooms from the at least first bed in the second shelving.
Compost may be divided in a width direction during the movement of the compost with the mushrooms from the at least one bed in the first shelving to at least a first bed in the second shelving, in particular by cutting.
The method may also comprise the step of alternately filling a bed from the second shelving from at least one bed from the first shelving and from a bed from the third shelving with compost, and after harvesting mushrooms from the second shelving remove the compost from the second shelving.
The invention will now be elucidated into more detail with reference to the following figures, wherein: - Figure 1 shows a perspective view of an embodiment of a device according to the invention; and - Figure 2 shows a side view of the same embodiment of the device according to the invention.
Figure 1 shows a device 1 for growing mushrooms, comprising a first shelving 2, provided with two longitudinally extending and superimposed beds 3, 4, each adapted to carry a layer of compost, a second shelving 5, longitudinally arranged in line with the first shelving, comprising a plurality of longitudinally extending and 5 superposed beds 5,7 and 8,9, at substantially the same height level that extend longitudinally, side by side in a width direction each adapted to carry a layer of compost (not shown), a bridge 10 between a first bed 3 in the first shelving and second beds 6 and 8 in the second shelving 3, for moving compost from the first bed to the second beds 6 and 8 via the bridge 10. The device is provided with a winch 24 (visible in figure 2), for moving compost with a pulling net from the first to the second shelving; wherein the beds of the second shelving are tiltable 11, 12, 13, 14 about a longitudinal axis 15, 16, 17, 18, and therewith mutually movable between at least a first position, wherein a second bed 7 supported above a first bed 6 at least partially impedes the accessibility of the first bed 6 in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed 6 extends and a second position in which at least a larger part of the first bed 6 is free approachable from a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed 6 extends than in the first position.
The shelvings are placed in different cells A and B (walls of the cells not shown) and the movable bridge is placed in a corridor outside the cells.
The cells are provided with doors or the like to provide access to the head ends of the shelvings.
A combined width of two beds at the same height in the second shelving is equal to the width of two beds at a corresponding height in the first shelving.
The bridge 10 comprises a splitting device 19, formed by a knife, for splitting a layer of compost in a width direction, in particular during the movement of the compost from the first to the second shelving.
The bridge 10 may have two levels, as shown in figure 2. Alternatively, the height of the transfer surface formed by the conveyor belt 22 may be adjustable.
Figure 2 shows the same device 1, in a schematic side view.
Same numbers indicate same parts.
In this view compost 20, 21 is visible, which is being transferred from a bed 3 in the first shelving to beds 6 and 8 in the second shelving.
The bridge comprises or forms a take-over device formed for taking over compost from a first pulling net 25 on a second pulling net and / or third pulling net 26. The pulling nets are moved by a winch (visible: winch 24 for pulling net 25), and the compost is transferred over the bridge by the conveyor belt 22 of 23 of the bridge.
The belt may be driven, either by a drive, or by the compost pulled by the winch.
The initial location of pulling net 25 is drawn as an example here.
It is also thinkable that it is positioned underneath the bridge, as indicated with number 27 as an alternative.
The bridge is shown with two levels in this figure.
Alternative embodiments with a single level that is adjustable in height also fall within the scope of the invention.
The splitting device 19 may in some embodiments be placed in between the bridge and the first or second shelving.
All examples given are for explanatory reasons only and do not limit the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (15)

ConclusiesConclusions 1. Inrichting voor het kweken van champignons, omvattende: - Een eerste stelling, voorzien van meerdere zich in lengterichting uitstrekkende, en boven elkaar geplaatste bedden, elk ingericht voor het dragen van een laag compost, - Een tweede stelling, in lengterichting opgesteld in het verlengde van de eerste stelling, voorzien van meerdere zich in lengterichting uitstrekkende, en boven elkaar geplaatste bedden, elk ingericht voor het dragen van een laag compost, - Een overbrugging tussen een eerste bed in de eerste stelling en een tweede bed in de tweede stelling, voor het via de overbrugging verplaatsen van compost van het eerste bed naar het tweede bed; - Een inrichting, zoals een lier, voor het met een treknet verplaatsen van compost van de eerste naar de tweede stelling; waarbij - de bedden van ten minste de tweede stelling onderling verplaatsbaar zijn tussen ten minste: o een eerste stand, waarbij een boven een eerste bed van de tweede stelling gedragen tweede bed van de tweede stelling de toegankelijkheid van het eerste bed van de tweede stelling in een richting loodrecht op het vlak waarin het eerste bed van de tweede stelling zich uitstrekt althans gedeeltelijk belemmert; en o een tweede stand waarin althans een groter gedeelte van het eerste bed van de tweede stelling vanuit een richting loodrecht op het vlak waarin het eerste bed van de tweede stelling zich uitstrekt vrij benaderbaar is dan in de eerste stand, en/of - waarbij de bedden van ten minste de tweede stelling kantelbaar zijn om een as die zich in lengterichting uitstrekt.A mushroom growing device, comprising: - A first rack, provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending beds placed one above the other, each adapted to support a layer of compost, - A second rack, arranged longitudinally in the extension of the first rack, provided with several longitudinally extending beds placed one above the other, each adapted to support a layer of compost, - A bridge between a first bed in the first rack and a second bed in the second rack, for moving compost from the first bed to the second bed via the bridge; - A device, such as a winch, for moving compost from the first to the second rack with a pull net; wherein - the beds of at least the second rack are mutually movable between at least: o a first position, wherein a second bed of the second rack carried above a first bed of the second rack allows access to the first bed of the second rack a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed of the second rack extends at least partially obstructs; and o a second position in which at least a larger part of the first bed of the second racking is freely approachable from a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the first bed of the second racking extends than in the first position, and/or - wherein the beds of at least the second rack are tiltable about an axis extending longitudinally. 2. Inrichting volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de tweede stelling twee bedden op in hoofdzaak eenzelfde hoogteniveau heeft, die zich in lengterichting naast elkaar uitstrekken.Device according to claim 1, wherein the second rack has two beds at substantially the same height level, which extend longitudinally side by side. 3. Inrichting volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de kopse kant van de naar elkaar toe gerichte zijden van bedden van de eerste en tweede een doorgang verschaffen voor het doorvoeren van compost en dekaarde op een treknet en in het bijzonder niet beperkt wordt door delen, zoals staanders van de stelling.Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, wherein the ends of the facing sides of beds of the first and second provide a passage for the passage of compost and casing soil on a pull net and in particular is not limited by parts , such as uprights of the rack. 4. Inrichting volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de tweede stelling ten minste één portaal omvat welk portaal tenminste twee in hoofdzaak verticale staanders omvat, verbonden door ten minste één dwarsbalk die zich van de ene staander naar de andere staander uitstrekt, waarbij ten minste twee bedden beweegbaar gedragen worden door de dwarsbalk.Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second gantry comprises at least one gantry comprising at least two substantially vertical uprights connected by at least one cross-beam extending from one upright to the other, wherein at least two beds are movable carried by the crossbar. 5. Inrichting volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij de gezamenlijke breedte van twee bedden op dezelfde hoogte in de tweede stelling ten minste gelijk is aan de breedte van één of meerdere bedden op een corresponderende hoogte in de eerste stelling.Device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the combined width of two beds at the same height in the second rack is at least equal to the width of one or more beds at a corresponding height in the first rack. 6. Inrichting volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, omvattende een splitsingsinrichting, voor het in een breedterichting splitsen van een laag compost, in het bijzonder tijdens het van de eerste naar de tweede stelling verplaatsen van de compost.Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, comprising a splitting device for splitting a layer of compost in a width direction, in particular while moving the compost from the first to the second rack. 7. Inrichting volgens conclusie 6, waarbij de splitsingsinrichting een tussen de eerste en de tweede stelling opgesteld mes omvat.Device according to claim 6, wherein the splitting device comprises a knife arranged between the first and the second racks. 8. Inrichting volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, waarbij de overbrugging tussen een eerste bed in de eerste stelling en een tweede bed in de tweede stelling een transfer bridge omvat, in het bijzonder een verplaatsbare transfer bridge.Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the bridging between a first bed in the first rack and a second bed in the second rack comprises a transfer bridge, in particular a movable transfer bridge. 9. Inrichting volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, omvattende een overname-inrichting voor het vanaf een eerste treknet overnemen van compost op een tweede treknet en/of derde treknet.Device as claimed in any of the foregoing claims, comprising a transfer device for transferring compost from a first pull net to a second pull net and/or third pull net. 10. Inrichting volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies, omvattende een derde stelling, voorzien van meerdere zich in lengterichting uitstrekkende, en boven elkaar geplaatste bedden, elk ingericht voor het dragen van een laag compost op een treknet, in lengterichting opgesteld in het verlengde van de tweede stelling, aan een van de eerste stelling afgekeerde zijde van de tweede stelling.A device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a third rack, provided with a plurality of longitudinally extending beds placed one above the other, each adapted for carrying a layer of compost on a pull net, arranged longitudinally in line with the second position, on a side of the second position remote from the first position. 11. Inrichting volgens één van de voorgaande conclusie, waarbij verschillende stellingen in verschillende cellen geplaatst zijn, elk met een eigen klimaatbeheersing.Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein different racks are placed in different cells, each with its own climate control. 12. Werkwijze voor het bedrijven van een champignonkwekerij, omvattende: - Het verschaffen van een inrichting volgens één van de voorgaande conclusies; - Het plaatsen van compost in ten minste een bed in de eerste stelling; - Het gedurende een eerste tijdspanne kweken van champignons op het ten minste éne bed in de eerste stelling; - Het verplaatsen van de compost met de champignons van het ten minste éne bed in de eerste stelling naar ten minste een eerste bed in de tweede stelling, waarbij het ten minst eerste bed in de tweede stelling zich in de eerste stand bevindt; - Het van een eerste naar een tweede stand verplaatsen van het ten minste eerste bed uit de tweede stelling; - Het oogsten van champignons van het ten minste eerste bed in de tweede stelling.12. Method for operating a mushroom farm, comprising: - Providing a device according to any one of the preceding claims; - Placing compost in at least one bed in the first position; - Growing mushrooms on the at least one bed in the first rack for a first period of time; - moving the compost with the mushrooms from the at least one bed in the first rack to at least a first bed in the second rack, wherein the at least first bed in the second rack is located in the first position; - Moving the at least first bed from the second position from a first position to a second position; - Harvesting mushrooms from at least the first bed in the second rack. 13. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 12, omvattende het tijdens het verplaatsen van de compost met de champignons van het ten minste éne bed in de eerste stelling naar ten minste een eerste bed in de tweede stelling in breedterichting opsplitsen van de compost (en de dekaarde) met de champignons in breedterichting, in het bijzonder door middel van snijden.13. A method according to claim 12, comprising, while moving the compost with the mushrooms from the at least one bed in the first rack to at least a first bed in the second rack, splitting the compost (and the casing soil) in width direction with the mushrooms in width direction, in particular by cutting. 14. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 12 en conclusie 10, omvattende het alternerend vanuit ten minste een bed uit de eerste stelling en vanuit een bed uit de derde stelling met compost vullen van een bed uit de tweede stelling, en het na het oogsten van champignons uit de tweede stelling verwijderen van de compost uit de tweede stelling.A method according to claim 12 and claim 10, comprising filling a bed from the second rack alternately from at least one bed from the first rack and from a bed from the third rack, and after harvesting mushrooms from the second rack remove the compost from the second rack. 15. Werkwijze volgens conclusie 14, waarbij compost telkens vier weken verblijft in de eerste stelling en vervolgens twee weken in de tweede stelling, en waarbij compost tevens telkens vier weken in de derde stelling en vervolgens twee weken in de tweede stelling, waarbij de periodes van vier weken in de eerste stelling en de vier weken in de derde stelling onderling twee weken verschoven zijn.15. A method according to claim 14, wherein compost stays for four weeks in the first rack and then two weeks in the second rack, and wherein compost also stays for four weeks in the third rack and then two weeks in the second rack, wherein the periods of four weeks in the first position and the four weeks in the third position are mutually offset by two weeks.
NL2026348A 2020-08-04 2020-08-27 Device and method for growing mushrooms NL2026348B1 (en)

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NL2026213 2020-08-04

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4371305A (en) * 1978-02-21 1983-02-01 Pannell Robert T Material handling apparatus
US20070111623A1 (en) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-17 Jan-Willem Heezen Pull mat
WO2017078535A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Hendrik Van Den Top Mushroom cultivation device and methods of cultivation
KR20180004440A (en) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-12 (주)헬퍼로보텍 Culture medium automation system for cultivation facilities of mushrooms
EP3578037A1 (en) 2018-06-04 2019-12-11 Jacobus Alexander Jozef Lemmen Device for growing mushrooms
EP3581022A1 (en) 2018-06-14 2019-12-18 Jacobus Alexander Jozef Lemmen Device for delivering at least a layer of compost and casing soil to a shelving for growing mushrooms
EP3607818A1 (en) 2018-08-10 2020-02-12 Jacobus Alexander Jozef Lemmen Device for growing mushrooms
EP3673726A1 (en) 2018-12-27 2020-07-01 Jacobus Alexander Jozef Lemmen System for growing mushrooms

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4371305A (en) * 1978-02-21 1983-02-01 Pannell Robert T Material handling apparatus
US20070111623A1 (en) * 2005-11-17 2007-05-17 Jan-Willem Heezen Pull mat
WO2017078535A1 (en) * 2015-11-05 2017-05-11 Hendrik Van Den Top Mushroom cultivation device and methods of cultivation
KR20180004440A (en) * 2016-07-04 2018-01-12 (주)헬퍼로보텍 Culture medium automation system for cultivation facilities of mushrooms
EP3578037A1 (en) 2018-06-04 2019-12-11 Jacobus Alexander Jozef Lemmen Device for growing mushrooms
EP3581022A1 (en) 2018-06-14 2019-12-18 Jacobus Alexander Jozef Lemmen Device for delivering at least a layer of compost and casing soil to a shelving for growing mushrooms
EP3607818A1 (en) 2018-08-10 2020-02-12 Jacobus Alexander Jozef Lemmen Device for growing mushrooms
EP3673726A1 (en) 2018-12-27 2020-07-01 Jacobus Alexander Jozef Lemmen System for growing mushrooms

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