RU79749U1 - DEVICE AND DEVICE MODULE FOR TRANSPORTING, GROWING SUBSTRATE AND GROWING MUSHROOMS - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular, crop production, namely to the industrial production of mushrooms and vegetables, and can be used as equipment for placing blocks with a substrate, compost, or any other nutrient medium. The technical result that can be obtained using the proposed technical solution is to minimize manual labor in the process by using modules of the original design. The problem is solved in that a device for transporting, growing a substrate and growing mushrooms, consisting of at least two tier-mounted removable modules, each of which is a frame made with the possibility of placing substrate and / or compost blocks, equipped with vertical supporting racks made with the possibility of changing the distance between the modules. The module of the device for transporting, growing the substrate and growing mushrooms, including a frame made with the possibility of placing substrate and / or compost blocks and equipped with vertical support posts, is equipped with additional support posts pivotally mounted on the module frame by means of brackets, with end protrusions, while vertical supporting racks have reciprocal grooves for rigid connection with the protrusions of additional support racks. The process of overgrowing the substrate and growing mushrooms is carried out without moving blocks and using manual labor, since when placing blocks with a substrate on the module lodges, it is enough to transport the entire module or device as a whole without injuring the block with the substrate. 2 n.p. f-ly, 3 z.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular, crop production, namely to the industrial production of mushrooms and vegetables, and can be used as equipment for placing blocks with a substrate, compost, or any other nutrient medium.

A cultivation structure is known that contains cameras and a set of equipment, including a vehicle for vertical movement and a system of material handling equipment. In each chamber, rectilinear paths are vertically located with movable racks installed on them in the form of vertical blocks with a substrate. Racks are placed in chambers using a crane beam. In the process of growing mushrooms, various agricultural work is necessary. In this case, the racks are lifted from the chamber by a stepper elevator of a crane beam by one tier, perform the necessary manipulations, then they are lifted by one more tier and, thus, all the shelter germinators are processed (AS USSR No. 1429984, IPC A01G 1/04) .

The racks of the known structure are monoblock for easier movement along the tracks and can be transported to another room only in its entirety. If it is necessary to partially move them, they can be moved manually in any quantity. The inseparability of the structure and the lack of the possibility of partial movement is pushed without the use of manual labor is one of the disadvantages of the known structure.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is a modular shelving unit consisting of at least two sections. Each section is a frame structure of transverse and longitudinal rungs connecting vertical racks. In addition, the sections are equipped with means for forming an intersectional space and means for connecting the vertical posts of individual sections (AS USSR No. 1743569. IPC A47B 47/00). The modular shelving belongs to the category of folding shelving and can be used both for storing various materials and for placing blocks with a nutrient medium or substrate in the industrial production of mushrooms.

The disadvantages of the known design include the lack of the ability to change the distance between the sections, as well as the difficulty of connecting the individual sections when building the rack, which is done by combining the holes located on the crossbars with the bolts on the mounting plate and fixing the bolts in these holes. The difficulty lies in the simultaneous combination of holes and bolts located on all four sides of the section.

The problem to which the claimed utility model is directed is to create a device for transporting, growing the substrate and growing mushrooms that optimizes the technology for the industrial production of mushrooms when moving blocks.

The technical result that can be obtained using the proposed technical solution is to minimize manual labor in the process by using modules of the original design.

The problem is solved in that a device for transporting, growing a substrate and growing mushrooms, consisting of at least two tier-mounted removable modules, each of which is a frame made with the possibility of placing substrate and / or compost blocks, equipped with vertical supporting racks, according to the technical solution made with the possibility of changing the distance between the modules. The device can be equipped with flexible elements of a fixed length, for example, chains connecting modules of adjacent tiers, while the opposite ends of the flexible elements are fixed to the frames of the modules of adjacent tiers with the possibility of ensuring the horizontal position of the module at a given height. The length of the flexible elements is 35-45 cm, and the length of the vertical support columns is 17.5-22.5 cm. The device module for transporting, growing the substrate and growing mushrooms, including a frame made with the possibility of placing substrate and / or compost blocks and equipped with vertical support racks, according to the technical solution is equipped with additional support racks pivotally mounted on the module frame by means of brackets, with end protrusions, while the vertical support racks have mating slots for tight connection with the protrusions of the additional support posts. To accommodate substrate and / or compost blocks, the frame can be equipped with transverse crossbars fixed to the frame with the formation of cells, and lodgements made, for example, of flexible tape, and fixed on the transverse crossbars.

The utility model is illustrated by the following drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a General view of the device module with the possibility of placing substrate blocks.

Figure 2 schematically shows a side view of a module of a device equipped with additional support stands.

Figure 3 is a view of the additional support column of the device module in the unfolded state.

Figure 4 presents a diagram of the hard connection of additional support posts and vertical support posts of adjacent modules.

The positions in the drawing indicate:

1 - device module;

2 - frame;

3 - vertical support racks;

4 - additional support racks;

5 - swivel;

6 - bracket;

7 - lodgement;

8 - protrusions for the end connection;

9 - mating grooves of the uprights.

A device for transporting, growing a substrate and growing mushrooms is a structure composed of tiered modules 1 (Fig. 1). The modules are removable. Each module is made in the form of a frame 2, composed of U-shaped profiles, with vertical support posts 3 located at the corners of the frame 2 (Fig.3). The vertical support posts 3 have slots 9. The frame 2 is designed to be filled with substrate or compost blocks, therefore it can be equipped with special tool holders 7 for the blocks. Lodgements 7 are mounted on additional transverse crossbeams of the frame and can be made of flexible tape, polymer perforated material or mesh. Each module is equipped with additional support columns 4. The columns 4 are rotatable and are attached to the module frame by means of a swivel joint 5 through an arm 6. Each additional column 4 has an end protrusion 8 for connecting with the counter groove 9 of the vertical column 3 of the device 1 module, located in the following tier. The device can be equipped with flexible elements of a fixed length (not shown) for connecting modules of adjacent tiers. The opposite ends of the flexible elements are fixed on the frames of the modules of adjacent tiers with the possibility of providing

the horizontal position of the module at a given height when hanging the modules to change the distance between them.

The device and device module operate as follows.

Blocks with a nutrient medium (substrate) are placed on lodges 7 modules of the device 1 (figure 1). The modules of the device 1 with the blocks placed on them with the help of a forklift are mounted on top of each other. The number of tiers and, as a result, the device modules is determined by the height of the transport and the incubation room. A device for transporting, growing the substrate and growing mushrooms is placed in an incubation room at a temperature of 18-26 ° C and a humidity of 50-90% to grow the substrate with the fungus. Devices composed of modules 1 are placed in no more than two rows to ensure ventilation of the blocks with the substrate. After a specified time, when the mushroom is ready to bear fruit, according to the technological process of growing mushrooms, blocks with the substrate are moved to another room, or the climatic conditions in the original room are changed to ensure high-quality fruiting. The devices are moved using a forklift without the use of manual labor and shifting blocks with a substrate from one module to another.

In addition, when the mushroom is ready for fruiting, increase the distance between adjacent tiers of the device to 40 cm. To do this, lift each module of the device using an forklift or other lifting means, lay additional support posts 4. For this, the additional support stand 4 is rotated relative to the axis of the hinge joint 5 and installed in the U-shaped profile of the frame 2 of the module (figure 3). In this case, the end protrusion 8 of the expanded additional support post 4 is placed in the response groove 9 of the vertical post 3 of the next upstream module 1 (Fig. 4).

In the case when the device is equipped with flexible elements to increase the distance between the tiers of the device, each module is horizontally hung on chains or cables.

The device is in the unfolded state for 20-45 days - the entire fruiting period. Then, from the lodges of 7 modules, the blocks are removed for disposal, and the additional support posts 4 of each module of the device 1 are folded by turning the posts 4 relative to the axis of the swivel joint 5 and placing them along the frame 2 of the module (Fig. 2). In this case, the device becomes compact and easy to transport.

An example of a specific implementation.

A device has been manufactured for transporting, growing a substrate and growing oyster mushrooms, consisting of modules whose frame has overall dimensions: 1200 × 800 mm, and is made of a U-shaped profile and vertical racks have a length of 200 mm. The modules have the dimensions of an euro pallet for easier placement in the Euro truck. The module frame is divided into five cells with a width of about 230 mm with additional U-shaped rungs. Between the additional beams are fixed lodgements of flexible tape on which blocks with a substrate are located. The uprights are hollow to reduce the weight of the structure. Additional support posts are made rotatable, hollow, from a profile pipe of square section 200 mm long. Above, in an additional support rack, an emphasis is placed in the form of an end protrusion for installation in a vertical rack of a module of an adjacent tier.

Thus, the entire process of planting a substrate and growing mushrooms is carried out without moving blocks and using manual labor, since when placing blocks with a substrate on the module cradles, it is sufficient to transport the entire module or device, if necessary, without injuring the block with the substrate.

Claims (5)

1. A device for growing a substrate and growing mushrooms, consisting of at least two tier-mounted removable modules, each of which is a frame made with the possibility of placing substrate and / or compost blocks, equipped with vertical support racks, characterized in that it is configured to change the distance between the modules. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with flexible elements of a fixed length, for example, circuits connecting modules of adjacent tiers, while the opposite ends of the flexible elements are fixed to the frames of the modules of adjacent tiers with the possibility of ensuring the horizontal position of the module at a given height. 3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the length of the flexible elements is 35-45 cm, and the length of the vertical support posts 17.5-22.5 cm 4. The module of the device for transporting, growing the substrate and growing mushrooms, including a frame made with the possibility of placing substrate and / or compost blocks and equipped with vertical support racks, characterized in that it is equipped with additional support racks with end protrusions, and vertical support racks have mating slots for rigid connection with the protrusions of the additional support posts, which are pivotally mounted on the module frame by means of brackets. 5. The module according to claim 4, characterized in that the frame is provided with transverse crossbars fixed to the frame with the formation of cells, and lodgements for placement of substrate and / or compost blocks in them, made, for example, of flexible tape, and mounted on the transverse crossbars .