NL2025737B1 - Kitchen waste composting device - Google Patents

Kitchen waste composting device Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2025737B1
NL2025737B1 NL2025737A NL2025737A NL2025737B1 NL 2025737 B1 NL2025737 B1 NL 2025737B1 NL 2025737 A NL2025737 A NL 2025737A NL 2025737 A NL2025737 A NL 2025737A NL 2025737 B1 NL2025737 B1 NL 2025737B1
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
inner cylinder
kitchen waste
cylinder
plate
outer cylinder
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NL2025737A
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Dutch (nl)
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NL2025737A (en
Inventor
Ma Qiang
Peng Mingguo
Zhu Weibing
Du Erdeng
Ma Jianfeng
Zhang Wenyi
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Univ Changzhou
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/02—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04—Biological compost
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The present invention discloses a device for kitchen waste composting, including a first cabinet, a connecting section and a second cabinet disposed sequentially in a horizontal direction from left to right. Solar cell panels are fixed around an outer side wall of the first cabinet. In the first cabinet, a constant-temperature heating rod is downwards suspended from the top center. A storage battery is placed at one side of the bottom of the first cabinet far away from the second cabinet. An inclined plate is disposed to separate the storage battery from the rest inside space of the first cabinet. In the second cabinet, a vertical cylinder is suspended in the middle. The bottom of the cylinder is a net plate. A cylindrical carbon net is disposed inside the cylinder in a sleeved way. A fan is disposed inside the carbon net. A space is formed at one side of the bottom of the second cabinet far away from the first cabinet by an inclined sieve plate and a side wall of the second cabinet, and is filled with an anthracene-based metal-organic framework structure material, and an ultraviolet lamp and a xenon lamp are also disposed in the center. The connecting section is provided with a horizontal spiral conveyor. The device of the present invention can treat kitchen wastes at zero power consumption and high efficiency and can obtain compost.

Description

KITCHEN WASTE COMPOSTING DEVICE FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of fertilizer manufacturing, and in particular to equipment for manufacturing fertilizer from household or town waste. 3
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
[0002] Among household waste, the proportion of kitchen waste may reach 50%-70%. Kitchen waste is the main pollution source of urban household waste. The source separation of kitchen waste can not only avoid the mutual pollution among the components of waste, but also greatly reduce the pressure of end treatment. Kitchen waste is rich in organic matters, oil and nutrient elements (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and various microelements), which have a high utilization value. The treatment method is mainly resource-based. Throughout the treatment modes of kitchen waste in various countries, in the United States, most of the kitchen waste and yard waste are composted by families; in Japan, the policy of reducing the total amount of food waste is implemented to realize recycling as much as possible, and is supplemented by composting; in South Korea, microbial strains are usually used for centralized treatment of kitchen waste to produce feed. At present, the treatment methods of kitchen waste in China mainly include sanitary landfill, incineration, composting, etc. Landfill wastes a lot of resources, occupies the land and easily pollutes the groundwater; incineration will produce toxic gases and carbon dioxide, which will pollute the atmosphere; composting can obtain fertilizers, which can turn wastes into treasures. Therefore, composting is a better method to deal with kitchen waste at present.
[0003] Composting technologies of kitchen waste mainly include aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation. In an aerobic composting process, organic matters are decomposed into soluble matters by extracellular enzymes secreted by aerobic microorganisms under aerobic conditions, which are then absorbed by microorganisms. The aerobic composting treatment method has attracted much attention because of its simple treatment, low cost, high harmless degree, large treatment capacity, convenience in transportation of treated products, high suitability for farmland application, and high applicability to sustainable development of modern agriculture. Kitchen waste 1s mainly composed of starch, cellulose, protein and lipid,
which can be used and decomposed by microorganisms. However, due to the relatively small quantity of beneficial microorganisms at the initial stage of composting, certain time is needed to reproduce in large quantities, which has the disadvantages of long fermentation cycle, low efficiency and the like. At the same time, it occupies a large area; there are problems such as nitrogen loss and odor in the composting process, and waste water and odor produced in the composting process may cause secondary pollution to the environment.
[0004] Anaerobic fermentation refers to a process of converting organic matters into carbon dioxide and methane through the decomposition effect of microorganisms under anoxic conditions, which can be roughly divided into two stages, namely acid production and methane production. At the acid production stage, the complex organic matters are decomposed into simple organic matters by hydrolysis and fermentation bacteria, and then are degraded into various organic acids. At the methane production stage, parts of the simple organic matters are converted into methane and carbon dioxide by methanogens. Compared with aerobic composting, anaerobic biological treatment can recover a large amount of methane gas and realize energy recovery, which has a great economic value; anaerobic treatment causes no tail gas pollution and has ecological advantages. During anaerobic treatment, the requirements for water are not as strict as aerobic conditions, and the reaction temperature can be maintained by recovering all or part of the energy, which can realize energy balance; the requirements of anaerobic microorganisms for N, P and other nutrient elements is lower than that of aerobic microorganisms, and the additional cost can be reduced; fermentation biogas residues and biogas slurry can be used as good organic fertilizer, and can be used as animal feed after proper treatment.
[0005] Therefore, from the comprehensive research on domestic and foreign kitchen waste recycling technologies, anaerobic fermentation treatment of kitchen waste has considerable advantages in China. This is because China has a high technical foundation for anaerobic fermentation of organic waste, and large, medium and small biogas projects have reached the world's leading level. In addition, the scale of anaerobic fermentation of kitchen waste may be large or small, which is convenient for local disposal or regional disposal, and has economic feasibility and environmental friendliness. However, since the problems of kitchen waste collection and treatment have just been put forward, there is still a lack of mature kitchen waste treatment equipment in the market at present. In particular, the dominant salt contained in kitchen waste will lead to loss of water in the bodies of microorganisms, so that the activity of microorganisms is reduced or even lost, and thus affecting the degradation speed and degradation extent of microorganisms. It is urgent to develop a composting treatment device aiming at kitchen waste.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0006] In view of this, the present invention is directed to providing a kitchen waste composting device, which can process kitchen waste at zero power consumption with high efficiency and obtain compost.
[0007] A kitchen waste composting device includes:
[0008] a main body, including an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder coaxially arranged inside the outer cylinder, wherein the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are two equally high stainless steel hollow cylinders, and bottoms of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are located on a same horizontal plane; a filler layer is arranged respectively on an inner wall of the outer cylinder and an outer wall of the inner cylinder, filler in the filler layer consists of calcium bentonite, activated carbon powder and calcium carbonate, radiating fins and a bimetal sheet are arranged on an inner wall of the inner cylinder, a ring is arranged at a position above the bimetal sheet on the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and side walls of upper ends of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are respectively connected with a conducting wire;
[0009] a cap assembly, including a ring-shaped cover plate, a solar cell panel and a storage battery pack, wherein the cover plate is arranged above the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder in a covering manner and configured to close a top space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a center of the cover plate is located on a central axis of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a hole is formed in the middle of the cover plate, the solar cell panel is arranged on the cover plate, the storage battery pack is arranged downward along a circumferential outer edge of the cover plate and around an outer wall of the outer cylinder, the storage battery pack is connected with the solar cell panel, a positive pole of the storage battery pack is sequentially connected with a constant voltage output device and the conducting wire led out from the side wall of the upper end of the outer cylinder, and a negative pole of the storage battery pack is connected with the conducting wire led out from the side wall of the upper end of the inner cylinder;
[0010] a bottom assembly, including a movable bottom cover, an annular bottom plate and an annular constant-temperature heating plate, wherein the movable bottom cover is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder, a string is fixed on the movable bottom cover, the movable bottom cover is capable of rotating and being opened under the pull of the string, the other end of the string is connected to a top end of the bimetal sheet, and the string upwards passes through the ring arranged above the bimetal sheet from the top end of the bimetal sheet; the annular bottom plate is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and configured to close a bottom space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the annular bottom plate is made of an insulating material; the annular constant-temperature heating plate is arranged on a lower bottom surface of the annular bottom plate, and the annular constant-temperature heating plate is connected with the storage battery pack.
[0011] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the inner cylinder near one end of the string fixed on the movable bottom cover is opposite to the inner wall of the inner cylinder provided with the bimetal sheet.
[0012] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the kitchen waste composting device, the filler in the filler layer consists of 50% of calcium bentonite, 30% of activated carbon powder and 20% of calcium carbonate in percentage by mass.
[0013] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the kitchen waste composting device, a ratio of a thickness of the filler layer to a difference between a diameter of the inner cylinder and a diameter of the outer cylinder is 1:10-15.
[0014] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the kitchen waste composting device, a heating temperature of the constant-temperature heating plate is set to 40-60°C.
[0015] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the kitchen waste composting device, an output voltage range of the constant voltage output device is set to 4-10 V.
[0016] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the kitchen waste composting device, a plurality of radiating fins are arranged.
[0017] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the kitchen waste composting device, the plurality of radiating fins are arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder at intervals in a surrounding manner.
[0018] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the kitchen waste composting device, a diameter of the hole formed in the middle of the cover plate is equal to the diameter of the inner cylinder.
[0019] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the kitchen waste composting device further includes supporting legs and the supporting legs are arranged on a bottom surface of the annular constant-temperature heating plate. 5 [0020] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, in the kitchen waste composting device, the number of the supporting legs is three or above.
[0021] In the rapid kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, by providing the conducting wire respectively on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and switching on a power supply, an electric field is formed between the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder, such that microorganisms in the kitchen waste are capable of accelerating a composting process under electric stimulation; by providing the filler layer respectively on the inner wall of the outer cylinder and the outer wall of the inner cylinder, effects of promoting conduction, continuously buffering salt, absorbing water and adjusting pH are realized in the composting process to ensure the activity of the microorganisms; by providing the annular bottom plate with the annular constant-temperature heating plate in the bottom space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, providing the movable bottom cover on the bottom surface of the inner cylinder, providing the radiating fins and the bimetal sheet on the inner wall of the inner cylinder and connecting the bimetal sheet with the movable bottom cover through the string, when the bimetal sheet deforms with temperature, the string can be pulled to rotate and open the movable bottom cover, and the effect of regulating temperature is realized to control the temperature in the composting process, such that the microorganisms are always at the most active temperature, the composting process continues at the appropriate temperature and the composting efficiency is the highest. After the kitchen waste is composted, the compost can be directly used as fertilizer. The device provided by the present invention is fully automatically controlled, does not need any additional power, can process kitchen waste at zero power consumption with high efficiency and obtain compost, and not only can be used for families, but also can be used for dining halls of enterprises.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
[0023] (1) The device provided by the present invention is fully automatically controlled, does not need any additional power and can realize zero power consumption.
[0024] (2) The device provided by the present invention solves the problem that the kitchen waste contains a great amount of salt which easily causes microorganisms to die, and greatly improves the treatment efficiency of the kitchen waste.
[0025] (3) The device provided by the present invention solves the problem of low composting efficiency caused by unstable temperature in anaerobic composting, and can realize continuous and rapid composting.
[0026] (4) The device provided by the present invention has a wide application scope, and not only can be used for families, but also can be used for dining halls of enterprises.
[0027] These and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention can be fully embodied by the following detailed description, drawings and claims, and can be realized by the means, devices and combinations thereof specially indicated in the appended claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a kitchen waste composting device according to the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0029] The implementations of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments for a clearer understanding of the technical content of the present invention.
[0030] Referring to FIG. 1, in one specific embodiment of the present invention, a kitchen waste composting device sequentially includes a cap assembly, a main body and a bottom assembly.
[0031] The main body includes an outer cylinder 1 and an inner cylinder 2 coaxially arranged inside the outer cylinder 1, the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 are two equally high stainless steel hollow cylinders, and bottoms of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 are located on a same horizontal plane. A filler layer 6 is arranged respectively on an inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and an outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, and filler in the filler layer 6 consists of calcium bentonite, activated carbon powder and calcium carbonate. Radiating fins 15 and a bimetal sheet 12 are arranged on an inner wall of the inner cylinder 2, a ring is arranged at a position above the bimetal sheet 12 on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 2, and side walls of upper ends of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 are respectively connected with a conducting wire 7.
[0032] The cap assembly includes a ring-shaped cover plate 8, a solar cell panel 9 and a storage battery pack 10. The cover plate 8 is arranged above the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 and configured to close a top space between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, a center of the cover plate 8 is located on a central axis of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, a hole is formed in the middle of the cover plate 8, and a diameter of the hole is equal to a diameter of the inner cylinder 2. The solar cell panel 9 is arranged above the cover plate 8. The storage battery pack 10 is arranged downward along a circumferential outer edge of the cover plate 8 and around an outer wall of the outer cylinder 1; the storage battery pack 10 (viewed as an input end of the storage battery pack 10) is connected with the solar cell panel 9, electric energy generated by the solar cell panel 9 is stored in the storage battery pack 10; at the same time, a positive pole of the storage battery pack 10 is sequentially connected with a constant voltage output device 11 and the conducting wire 7 led out from the side wall of the upper end of the outer cylinder 1, and a negative pole of the storage battery pack 10 is connected with the conducting wire 7 led out from the side wall of the upper end of the inner cylinder 2.
[0033] The bottom assembly includes a bottom cover 16, an annular bottom plate 3, an annular constant-temperature heating plate 4 and supporting legs 5. The movable bottom cover 16 is arranged at the bottom of the inner cylinder 2, a string 13 is fixed on the movable bottom cover 16, the inner wall of the inner cylinder 2 near one end of the string 13 fixed on the movable bottom cover is opposite to the inner wall of the inner cylinder 2 provided with the bimetal sheet 12, the movable bottom cover 16 is capable of rotating and being opened under the pull of the string 13, the other end of the string 13 is connected to a top end of the bimetal sheet 12, and the string 13 upwards passes through the ring 14 arranged above the bimetal sheet 12 from the top end of the bimetal sheet 12 (and then is downwards connected with the movable bottom cover 16); the annular bottom plate 3 is arranged between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 and configured to close a bottom space between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, and the annular bottom plate 3 is made of an insulating material; the annular constant-temperature heating plate 4 is arranged on a lower bottom surface of the annular bottom plate 3, the annular constant-temperature heating plate 4 is connected with the storage battery pack 10 (not shown in FIG. 1), and the storage battery pack 10 provides energy for the heating of the constant-temperature heating plate 4; the four supporting legs 5 are arranged below the bottom surface of the constant-temperature heating plate 4.
[0034] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, the number of the supporting legs may be three or above, and usually is four.
[0035] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, the filler in the filler layer 6 may be further preferably configured, for example, is consisted of 50% of calcium bentonite, 30% of activated carbon powder and 20% of calcium carbonate in percentage by mass.
[0036] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, a thickness of the filler layer 6 may be further preferably configured, for example, a ratio of the thickness of the filler layer 6 to a difference between a diameter of the inner cylinder and a diameter of the outer cylinder (the difference between the diameter of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2} 1s 1:10-15.
[0037] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, a plurality of radiating fins 15 may be arranged.
[0038] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, the plurality of radiating fins 15 are arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 2 at intervals in a surrounding manner.
[0039] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, a heating temperature of the constant-temperature heating plate 4 is set to 40-60°C.
[0040] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, an output voltage range of the constant voltage output device 11 may be set to 4-10 V.
[0041] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, the bimetal sheet 12 (i.e, thermobimetal sheet) may be made of a general-purpose commercial bimetal material.
[0042] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, a diameter of the hole formed in the middle of the cover plate 8 may be smaller than the diameter of the inner cylinder 2.
[0043] As it can be understood by those skilled in the art, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, in the above embodiment, the storage battery pack 10 is connected with the solar cell panel 9 and a photovoltaic charging controller is further arranged in the middle.
[0044] When in use, the whole device is placed outdoors to make full use of solar energy; the kitchen waste to be treated is placed in a space between the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2, the temperature of the constant-temperature heating plate 4 is set between 40-60°C, and the output voltage of the constant voltage output device 11 is set to 4-10 V. Since the outer cylinder 1 and the inner cylinder 2 are both stainless steel hollow cylinders, a current circuit is formed among the storage battery pack 10, the constant voltage output device 11, the side wall of the outer cylinder 1, the kitchen waste, the side wall of the inner cylinder 2 and the storage battery pack 10. Under the electric stimulation, an acting speed of the microorganisms in the kitchen waste is accelerated. The activated carbon powder in the filler layer 6 will further facilitate the conduction. The calcium bentonite in the filler layer 6 can exchange excessive salt (sodium ions) in the kitchen wastes, such that the adverse effects on degradation speed and degradation extent of microorganisms caused by the fact that excessive salt causes the activity of the microorganisms to be reduced and even lost when the water in the microorganisms is lost may be avoided. When the acidity of the compost is too high, the calcium carbonate can also react with acid to generate calcium ions and carbon dioxide, which reduce the acidity and improve the pH. The generated calcium ions can be exchanged into the bentonite layer to form the calcium bentonite. Therefore, the calcium bentonite mainly plays a role of buffering the salt, and secondly plays a role of absorbing water. The calcium carbonate plays a role of regulating the pH and restoring the calcium bentonite. At the same time, when the composting temperature is too high, the thermobimetal sheet 12 deforms and pulls the string 13, such that the movable bottom cover 16 rotates and is opened, a middle cylindrical channel inside the inner cylinder 2 opens, and air flows from the middle cylindrical channel to dissipate heat. At the same time, the radiating fins 15 facilitate the heat dissipation process, such that the temperature returns to the set temperature. When the temperature drops, the bimetal sheet 12 returns to the original position, the movable bottom cover 16 is closed and the ventilation is stopped, so as to realize the effect of temperature regulation to control the temperature in the composting process, such that the microorganisms are always at the most active temperature, the composting process continues at the appropriate temperature, and the composting efficiency 1s the highest. The process of temperature regulation is fully automatically controlled and does not need any additional power. After the kitchen waste is composted, the compost can be directly used as fertilizer.
[0045] Accordingly, it can be seen that, in the kitchen waste composting device provided by the present invention, by forming the electric field between the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, the microorganisms in the kitchen waste are capable of accelerating the composting process under the electric stimulation; by providing the filler layer 6 respectively on the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and the outer wall of the inner cylinder 2, effects of facilitating conduction, continuously buffering salt, absorbing water and adjusting pH are realized in the composting process to ensure the activity of the microorganisms; by providing the annular bottom plate 3 with the annular constant-temperature heating plate 4 in the bottom space between the inner cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 1, providing the movable bottom cover 16 on the bottom surface of the inner cylinder 2, providing the radiating fins 15 and the bimetal sheet 12 on the inner wall of the inner cylinder 2 and connecting the bimetal sheet 12 with the movable bottom cover 16 through the string 13, when the bimetal sheet 12 deforms with temperature, the string 13 can be pulled to rotate and open the movable bottom cover 16, and the effect of temperature regulation 1s realized to control the temperature in the composting process, such that the microorganisms are always at the most active temperature, the composting process continues at the appropriate temperature and the composting efficiency is the highest. After the kitchen waste is composted, the compost can be directly used as fertilizer.
[0046] The device provided by the present invention is fully automatically controlled, does not need any additional power, can realize zero power consumption; the problem that the kitchen waste contains a great amount of salt which easily causes the microorganisms to die is solved, and the treatment efficiency of the kitchen waste is greatly improved; the problem of low composting efficiency caused by unstable temperature in anaerobic composting is solved, and continuous and rapid high-efficiency composting is realized. The device provided by the present invention has a wide application scope, and not only can be used for families, but also can be used for the dining halls of enterprises.
[0047] It can be seen that the objective of the present invention has been completely and effectively achieved. The functions and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the embodiments, and the implementations may be modified arbitrarily without departing from the principles. Therefore, the present invention includes all variant implementations based on the spirit and scope of the claims. In addition, 1t should be understood that, although this specification is described according to each implementation, each implementation may not include only one independent technical solution. The description manner of this specification is merely for clarity. This specification should be considered as a whole by a person skilled in the art, and the technical solution in each embodiment may also be properly combined, to form other implementations that can be understood by the person skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

CONCLUSIESCONCLUSIONS 1. Een composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval, bestaande uit: een hoofdgedeelte, bestaande uit een buitencilinder en een binnencilinder die coaxiaal in de buitencilinder is geplaatst, waarbij de buitencilinder en de binnencilinder twee even hoge holle cilinders van roestvrij staal zijn, en de bodems van de buitencilinder en de binnencilinder zich in eenzelfde horizontale vlak bevinden; waarbij op respectievelijk een binnenwand van de buitencilinder en een buitenwand van de binnencilinder een vullerlaag 1s aangebracht, de wvullerlaag bestaat uit calciumbentoniet, actiefkoolpoeder en calciumcarbonaat, op een binnenwand van de binnencilinder zijn stralingsvinnen en een bimetalen plaat aangebracht, op een plaats boven de bimetalen plaat op de binnenwand van de binnencilinder is een ring geplaatst, en de zijwanden van de bovenkant van de buitencilinder en de binnencilinder zijn respectievelijk verbonden met een geleidingsdraad; een dekselconstructie, bestaande uit een ringvormige afdekplaat, een zonnecelpaneel en een opslagbatterij, waarbij de afdekplaat dekkend boven de buitencilinder en de binnencilinder is geplaatst en is geconfigureerd om een bovenste ruimte tussen de buitencilinder en de binnencilinder af te sluiten, een midden van de afdekplaat op een centrale as van de buitencilinder en de binnencilinder is geplaatst, een gat in het midden van de afdekplaat is gevormd, het zonnecelpaneel op de afdekplaat is geplaatst, de opslagbatterij naar beneden is gericht langs een omtrekkende buitenrand van de afdekplaat en rond een buitenwand van de buitencilinder, de opslagbatterij is verbonden met het zonnecelpaneel, een pluspool van de opslagbatterij achtereenvolgens is verbonden met een constante spanningsuitgang en de geleidende draad die uit de zijwand van de buitencilinder wordt geleid, en een minpool van de opslagbatterij verbonden is met de geleidende draad die uit de zijwand van de bovencilinder wordt geleid; een bodemconstructie, bestaande uit een mobiele bodembedekking, een ringvormige bodemplaat en een ringvormige verwarmingsplaat met constante temperatuur, waarbij de mobiele bodembedekking op de bodem van de binnencilinder is aangebracht, een touw op de mobiele bodembedekking is bevestigd, de mobiele bodembedekking kan draaien en kan worden geopend door aan het touw te trekken, het andere uiteinde van het touw verbonden is met een bovenkant van de bimetalen plaat en het touw naar boven gaat door de ring die boven de bimetalen plaat is geplaatst vanaf het bovenste uiteinde van de bimetalen plaat, de ringvormige bodemplaat is tussen de buitencilinder en de binnencilinder geplaatst en is geconfigureerd om een bodemruimte tussen de buitencilinder en de binnencilinder af te sluiten, en de ringvormige bodemplaat is gemaakt van een isolerend materiaal, de ringvormige verwarmingsplaat met constante temperatuur op een lager bodemoppervlak van de ringvormige bodemplaat is geplaatst en de ringvormige verwarmingsplaat met constante temperatuur is verbonden met de opslagbatterij.1. A kitchen waste composting apparatus, consisting of: a main body, consisting of an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder placed coaxially in the outer cylinder, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder being two equal height hollow stainless steel cylinders, and the bottoms of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are located in the same horizontal plane; wherein a filler layer 1s is provided on an inner wall of the outer cylinder and an outer wall of the inner cylinder, respectively, the filler layer 1s consists of calcium bentonite, activated carbon powder and calcium carbonate, radiation fins and a bimetallic plate are provided on an inner wall of the inner cylinder, at a position above the bimetallic plate a ring is placed on the inner wall of the inner cylinder, and the side walls of the top of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are respectively connected with a guide wire; a cover assembly consisting of an annular cover plate, a solar cell panel and a storage battery, wherein the cover plate is opaquely placed above the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and is configured to close an upper space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, a center of the cover plate on a central axis of the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder is placed, a hole is formed in the center of the cover plate, the solar cell panel is placed on the cover plate, the storage battery faces downward along a circumferential outer edge of the cover plate and around an outer wall of the cover plate outer cylinder, the storage battery is connected to the solar cell panel, a positive terminal of the storage battery is connected sequentially to a constant voltage output and the conductive wire led out of the side wall of the outer cylinder, and a negative terminal of the storage battery is connected to the conductive wire coming out of the side wall of the upper cylinder becomes g eleid; a bottom structure, consisting of a mobile bottom cover, an annular bottom plate and a constant temperature annular heating plate, wherein the mobile bottom cover is mounted on the bottom of the inner cylinder, a rope is fixed on the mobile bottom cover, the mobile bottom cover can rotate and be used opened by pulling the rope, the other end of the rope is connected to a top of the bimetallic plate and the rope goes up through the ring placed above the bimetallic plate from the upper end of the bimetallic plate, the annular bottom plate is placed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder and is configured to close a bottom space between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the annular bottom plate is made of an insulating material, the constant temperature annular heating plate on a lower bottom surface of the annular bottom plate is placed and the ring shape The constant temperature heating plate is connected to the storage battery. 2. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de binnenwand van de binnencilinder in de buurt van een uiteinde van het touw dat op de mobiele bodembedekking is bevestigd, tegengesteld is aan de binnenwand van de binnencilinder met de bimetalen plaat.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the inner cylinder in the vicinity of an end of the rope fixed on the mobile bottom cover is opposite to the inner wall of the inner cylinder with the bimetallic plate. 3. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij de vuller in de vullerlaag in massapercentages voor 50 % bestaat uit calciumbentoniet, voor 30 % uit actiefkoolpoeder en 20 % uit calciumcarbonaat.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filler in the filler layer consists in mass percentages of 50% calcium bentonite, 30% activated carbon powder and 20% calcium carbonate. 4. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij een verhouding van een dikte van de vullerlaag tot een verschil tussen een diameter van de binnencilinder en een diameter van de buitencilinder gelijk is aan 1:10-15.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ratio of a thickness of the filler layer to a difference between a diameter of the inner cylinder and a diameter of the outer cylinder is 1:10-15. 5. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij een verwarmingstemperatuur van de verwarmingsplaat met constante temperatuur is ingesteld op 40 tot 60 °C.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a heating temperature of the constant temperature heating plate is set at 40 to 60°C. 6. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval volgens conclusie | of 2, waarbij het bereik van de uitgangsspanning van de constante spanningsuitgang is ingesteld op 4 tot 10 V.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim | or 2, where the output voltage range of the constant voltage output is set to 4 to 10 V. 7. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenatval volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij een groot aantal stralingsvinnen zijn geplaatst.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a plurality of radiation fins are disposed. 8. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval volgens conclusie 7, waarbij het grootste deel van de stralingsvinnen rondom met tussenruimten op de binnenwand van de binnencilinder zijn geplaatst.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the major part of the radiation fins are spaced circumferentially on the inner wall of the inner cylinder. 9. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij een diameter van het gevormde gat in het midden van de afdekplaat gelijk is aan de diameter van de binnencilinder.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a diameter of the formed hole in the center of the cover plate is equal to the diameter of the inner cylinder. 10. Het composteringsapparaat voor keukenafval volgens conclusie 1 of 2, dat verder bestaat uit steunpoten en waarbij de steunpoten op een bodemvlak van de ringvormige verwarmingsplaat met constante temperatuur zijn geplaatst.The kitchen waste composting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising support legs and wherein the support legs are placed on a bottom surface of the constant temperature annular heating plate.
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