NL2020130B1 - Butyral based infill for Artifcial Turf - Google Patents

Butyral based infill for Artifcial Turf Download PDF

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Publication number
NL2020130B1
NL2020130B1 NL2020130A NL2020130A NL2020130B1 NL 2020130 B1 NL2020130 B1 NL 2020130B1 NL 2020130 A NL2020130 A NL 2020130A NL 2020130 A NL2020130 A NL 2020130A NL 2020130 B1 NL2020130 B1 NL 2020130B1
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Netherlands
Prior art keywords
granules
elastic
infill
material according
litter material
Prior art date
Application number
NL2020130A
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English (en)
Inventor
Jan Van Der Gaag Frederik
Gerhardus Kolkman Niels
Gerwin Gervedink Nijhuis Frank
Original Assignee
Ten Cate Thiolon Bv
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Publication date
Application filed by Ten Cate Thiolon Bv filed Critical Ten Cate Thiolon Bv
Priority to NL2020130A priority Critical patent/NL2020130B1/en
Priority to PCT/NL2018/050856 priority patent/WO2019125152A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of NL2020130B1 publication Critical patent/NL2020130B1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/12—Making granules characterised by structure or composition
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
    • B29C48/0022—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/04—Particle-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/05—Filamentary, e.g. strands
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
    • B29C48/345—Extrusion nozzles comprising two or more adjacently arranged ports, for simultaneously extruding multiple strands, e.g. for pelletising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L29/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L29/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
    • B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
    • B29B9/065—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion under-water, e.g. underwater pelletizers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/026—Crosslinking before of after foaming
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/03—Extrusion of the foamable blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/02—CO2-releasing, e.g. NaHCO3 and citric acid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
    • C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
    • C08J2205/052—Closed cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are closed
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2329/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Derivatives of such polymer
    • C08J2329/14—Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2483/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
    • C08J9/08—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide

Claims (27)

1. Elastisch instrooimateriaal vooreen kunstgrasveld, omvattend schuimgranules van een vinyl butyral bevattend polymeer, waarbij de granules een gemiddelde grootte hebben van tussen 0,5 en 5 mm en waarbij de granules plakbestendig zijn gemaakt.
2. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens conclusie 1, waarbij de granules een gemiddelde grootte hebben van tussen 1 en 3 mm, bij voorkeur van tussen 1,5 en 2,5 mm.
3. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens conclusie 1 of 2, waarbij de granules plakbestendig zijn beneden 90°C, bij voorkeur beneden 80°C.
4. Elastische instrooimateriaal volgens conclusie 1,2 of 3, waarbij het vinyl butyral bevattend polymeer een verknoopt vinyl butyral bevattend polymeer is.
5. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens conclusie 1,2, 3 of 4, waarbij de schuimgranules een slip additive bevatten en bij voorkeur waarbij de slip additive een siliconen gom is.
6. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1-5, waarbij de granules een bulkdichtheid hebben van tussen 0,1 en 0,5 kg/L, bij voorkeur van tussen 0,2 en 0,4 kg/L, of met meer voorkeur tussen 0,25 en 0,35 kg/L.
7. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1-6, waarbij de vorm van de schuimgranules substantieel cilindrisch is en waarbij de verhouding van de hoogte van de cilinder ten opzichte van de diameter van zijn ronde grondvlak tussen 0,5 en 5 is.
8. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1 -7, waarbij de schuimgranules gasbellen bevatten en waarbij het relatieve volume van de gasbellen ten minste 0,1 is, bij voorkeur ten minste 0,3.
9. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1-8, waarbij de granules granules met gesloten bellen zijn.
10. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1 -9, waarbij de granules een smeltpunt van ten minste 100 °C hebben.
11. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1 -10, waarbij het vinyl butyral omvattend polymeer een melt flow index heeft van tussen 0,5 en 10.
12. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1-11, waarbij het elastische instrooimateriaal tussen 1-10 gew% van een verknoophulpstof bevat, bij voorkeur tussen 2-7 gew% van een verknoophulpstof.
13. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens conclusie 12, waarbij de verknoophulpstof een maleïne anhydride gegraft polymeer is, bij voorkeur maleïne anhydride gegraft polyethyleen.
14. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1-13, waarbij het instrooimateriaal minder dan 25 gew% van een plastomeer bevat, bij voorkeur minder dan 15 gew% van een plastomeer bevat, en met meer voorkeur minder dan 10 gew% van een plastomeer bevat.
15. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens conclusie 14, waarbij het plastomeer een ethyleen octeen copolymeer is.
16. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1 -15, waarbij het instrooimateriaal tussen 0,2 en 1 gew% blaasmiddel bevat, waarbij het blaasmiddel bij voorkeur exothermisch is.
17. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1 -16, waarbij het instrooimateriaal een extrudaat is.
18. Elastisch instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1 -17, waarbij het vinyl butyral omvattend polymeer georiënteerd is.
19. Werkwijze voor het maken van elastische instrooischuimgranules voor kunstgrasvelden omvattend: - verschaffen van een vinyl butyral bevattend polymeer, - smelten en optioneel mengen van het vinyl butyral bevattend polymeer met een of meerdere additiven, - extruderen van het mengsel door een matrijs en het snijden van het product om granules te verkrijgen, - verder omvattend het verschaffen van een component aan de smelt, het extrudaat of de granules, welke het plakgedrag aanpast, zodanig dat de granules plakbestendig worden.
20. De werkwijze van conclusie 19, waarbij het mengen plaats vindt in een extuder.
21. De werkwijze van conclusie 20, waarbij de extruder is gekoppeld aan een matrijssnijdende (“facecut") granulator waarbij het product wordt afgesneden bij de matrijs.
22. De werkwijze van conclusie 19, 20 of 21, waarbij de additieven een of meer omvatten van een verknoop hulpstof, een slip additive, een plastomeer, een blaasmiddel of een schuimmiddel.
23. De werkwijze van conclusie 20, 21 of 22, waarbij het schuim gevormd wordt door directe gas inspuiting.
24. Elastisch instrooimateriaal verkrijgbaar volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 19-23.
25. Gebruik van het elastische instrooimateriaal volgens willekeurig welke van conclusies 1-18 of conclusie 24 als een instrooimateriaal vooreen kunstgrasveldsysteem.
26. Kunstgrasveldsysteem omvattend instrooimateriaal, waarbij het instrooimateriaal het elastische instrooimateriaal van willekeurig welke van conclusies 1-18 of conclusie 24 omvat.
27. Kunstgrasveldsysteem volgens conclusie 26, waarbij de energierestitutie lager is dan 40 %, bij voorkeur lager dan 35 %.
NL2020130A 2017-12-19 2017-12-19 Butyral based infill for Artifcial Turf NL2020130B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2020130A NL2020130B1 (en) 2017-12-19 2017-12-19 Butyral based infill for Artifcial Turf
PCT/NL2018/050856 WO2019125152A1 (en) 2017-12-19 2018-12-19 Butyral based infill for artifcial turf

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL2020130A NL2020130B1 (en) 2017-12-19 2017-12-19 Butyral based infill for Artifcial Turf

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NL2020130B1 true NL2020130B1 (en) 2019-06-26

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Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7443863B2 (ja) 2020-03-23 2024-03-06 住友ゴム工業株式会社 人工芝
BE1028982B1 (nl) * 2020-12-31 2022-08-01 Sports And Leisure Group Nv Biologisch afbreekbaar opvulmateriaal voor kunstgrasmat
WO2022144442A1 (en) * 2020-12-31 2022-07-07 Sports And Leisure Group Nv Biodegradable infill material for artificial turf mat
EP4047131A1 (en) * 2021-02-22 2022-08-24 Improve Tec Hönö AB Infill granule for use in an aritificial turf system
EP4063450A1 (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-09-28 Alvac, S.A. New material for infill manufacturing in artificial turf systems

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4337283A (en) * 1980-09-11 1982-06-29 Haas Jr Frederick T Synthetic turf playing surface with resilient top-dressing
WO2009118388A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Polymer granules suitable as infill material for artificial turf structures
KR101800412B1 (ko) * 2017-06-13 2017-11-22 강태순 인조잔디 충진재 및 이의 제조방법

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2429171A (en) 2005-08-17 2007-02-21 Edel Grass B V Artificial turf

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4337283A (en) * 1980-09-11 1982-06-29 Haas Jr Frederick T Synthetic turf playing surface with resilient top-dressing
WO2009118388A1 (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Dsm Ip Assets B.V. Polymer granules suitable as infill material for artificial turf structures
KR101800412B1 (ko) * 2017-06-13 2017-11-22 강태순 인조잔디 충진재 및 이의 제조방법

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