NL2019738B1 - Composition for use as mycotoxin binder in animals - Google Patents
Composition for use as mycotoxin binder in animals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL2019738B1 NL2019738B1 NL2019738A NL2019738A NL2019738B1 NL 2019738 B1 NL2019738 B1 NL 2019738B1 NL 2019738 A NL2019738 A NL 2019738A NL 2019738 A NL2019738 A NL 2019738A NL 2019738 B1 NL2019738 B1 NL 2019738B1
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- feed
- betaine
- yeast
- animals
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 104
- 231100000678 Mycotoxin Toxicity 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002636 mycotoxin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims description 61
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 claims description 17
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 claims description 17
- HOPSCVCBEOCPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxymethyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O HOPSCVCBEOCPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229960003403 betaine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- 210000005253 yeast cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930195730 Aflatoxin Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000005409 aflatoxin Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N deoxynivalenol Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@@]3(C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1C=C(C([C@@H](O)[C@@]13CO)=O)C)C)O2 LINOMUASTDIRTM-QGRHZQQGSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930002954 deoxynivalenol Natural products 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vomitoxin hydrate Natural products OCC12C(O)C(=O)C(C)=CC1OC1C(O)CC2(C)C11CO1 LINOMUASTDIRTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- PNKLMTPXERFKEN-MLXHEQMXSA-N HT-2 toxin Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@]3(C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@]3(COC(C)=O)C[C@@H](C(=C1)C)OC(=O)CC(C)C)O2 PNKLMTPXERFKEN-MLXHEQMXSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003008 fumonisin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000271566 Aves Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000222120 Candida <Saccharomycetales> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235649 Kluyveromyces Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235070 Saccharomyces Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000235006 Torulaspora Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;calcium;potassium;silicon;sodium;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na].[Al].[Si].[K].[Ca] JYIBXUUINYLWLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001603 clinoptilolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 magnesium aluminum silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003272 mannan oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930183344 ochratoxin Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000283707 Capra Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- DUWWHGPELOTTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(5-chloro-2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxobutanamide Chemical compound COC1=CC(OC)=C(NC(=O)CC(C)=O)C=C1Cl DUWWHGPELOTTOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000006052 feed supplement Substances 0.000 description 12
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aflatoxin G Chemical compound O=C1OCCC2=C1C(=O)OC1=C2C(OC)=CC2=C1C1C=COC1O2 XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 7
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- MIZMDSVSLSIMSC-VYLWARHZSA-N enniatin B Chemical compound CC(C)[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C(C)C)OC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)N(C)C1=O MIZMDSVSLSIMSC-VYLWARHZSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 108010081513 enniatins Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007069 methylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229930132918 Aflatoxin B2 Natural products 0.000 description 4
- WPCVRWVBBXIRMA-WNWIJWBNSA-N Aflatoxin G2 Chemical compound O=C1OCCC2=C1C(=O)OC1=C2C(OC)=CC2=C1[C@@H]1CCO[C@@H]1O2 WPCVRWVBBXIRMA-WNWIJWBNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229930166256 Aflatoxin G2 Natural products 0.000 description 4
- MIZMDSVSLSIMSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Enniatin-B Natural products CC(C)C1OC(=O)C(C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)C(C(C)C)OC(=O)C(C(C)C)N(C)C(=O)C(C(C)C)OC(=O)C(C(C)C)N(C)C1=O MIZMDSVSLSIMSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UXDPXZQHTDAXOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fumonisin B2 Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)CC(=O)OC(C(C)CCCC)C(OC(=O)CC(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O)CC(C)CCCCCCC(O)CC(O)C(C)N UXDPXZQHTDAXOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 206010028520 Mycotoxicosis Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 231100000006 Mycotoxicosis Toxicity 0.000 description 4
- VYLQGYLYRQKMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ochratoxin A Natural products CC1Cc2c(Cl)cc(CNC(Cc3ccccc3)C(=O)O)cc2C(=O)O1 VYLQGYLYRQKMFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BXFOFFBJRFZBQZ-QYWOHJEZSA-N T-2 toxin Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@]3(C)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@]3(COC(C)=O)C[C@@H](C(=C1)C)OC(=O)CC(C)C)O2 BXFOFFBJRFZBQZ-QYWOHJEZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002097 aflatoxin B2 Substances 0.000 description 4
- WWSYXEZEXMQWHT-WNWIJWBNSA-N aflatoxin B2 Chemical compound C=1([C@@H]2CCO[C@@H]2OC=1C=C(C1=2)OC)C=2OC(=O)C2=C1CCC2=O WWSYXEZEXMQWHT-WNWIJWBNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002100 aflatoxin G2 Substances 0.000 description 4
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 4
- UXDPXZQHTDAXOZ-STOIETHLSA-N fumonisin B2 Chemical compound OC(=O)C[C@@H](C(O)=O)CC(=O)O[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC)[C@@H](OC(=O)C[C@@H](CC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C[C@@H](C)CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C[C@H](O)[C@H](C)N UXDPXZQHTDAXOZ-STOIETHLSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001294 liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- RWQKHEORZBHNRI-BMIGLBTASA-N ochratoxin A Chemical compound C([C@H](NC(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=C2C[C@H](OC(=O)C2=C1O)C)C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWQKHEORZBHNRI-BMIGLBTASA-N 0.000 description 4
- DAEYIVCTQUFNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ochratoxin B Natural products OC1=C2C(=O)OC(C)CC2=CC=C1C(=O)NC(C(O)=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 DAEYIVCTQUFNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- MBMQEIFVQACCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-Zearalenon Natural products O=C1OC(C)CCCC(=O)CCCC=CC2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C21 MBMQEIFVQACCCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MBMQEIFVQACCCH-QBODLPLBSA-N zearalenone Chemical compound O=C1O[C@@H](C)CCCC(=O)CCC\C=C\C2=CC(O)=CC(O)=C21 MBMQEIFVQACCCH-QBODLPLBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003908 liver function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 description 2
- FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-VKHMYHEASA-N L-homocysteine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCS FFFHZYDWPBMWHY-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010067125 Liver injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatine Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])N(C)CC([O-])=O CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021051 daily weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000015872 dietary supplement Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229930191716 enniatin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000234 hepatic damage Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008818 liver damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036642 wellbeing Effects 0.000 description 2
- PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N (R)-carnitine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C[C@H](O)CC([O-])=O PHIQHXFUZVPYII-ZCFIWIBFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000031295 Animal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004930 Fatty Liver Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019668 Hepatic fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019708 Hepatic steatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000006947 Histones Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010033040 Histones Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960004203 carnitine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000007012 clinical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006046 creatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003624 creatine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008260 defense mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018823 dietary intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006718 epigenetic regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010706 fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011987 methylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000018770 reduced food intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000240 steatosis hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/153—Nucleic acids; Hydrolysis products or derivatives thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The current invention concerns a composition for binding and inactivation of mycotoxins, comprising a yeast component and one or more mineral clays, characterized in that said composition further comprises betaine or a betaine derivative.
Description
COMPOSITION FOR USE AS MYCOTOXIN BINDER IN ANIMALS
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention is directed to compositions and their use as feed additives to reduce mycotoxin contamination, preferably in animal feed.
BACKGROUND
Mycotoxins are metabolites produced by fungi that are toxic to humans and/or animals. These fungi occur on natural materials such as grains and plants, where the mycotoxins are then formed. These mycotoxins are fairly resistant to all kinds of treatments and are, in addition, difficult to detect. As a result, fungi infested plant material acts as carrier for mycotoxins, allowing them to enter the animal food chain through the feed produced thereof, where they can cause discomfort and disease. The physical effects of mycotoxins differ from reduced food intake and poor food conversion to animal disease. The observed symptoms may also vary from animal to animal. Acute mycotoxicosis is often recognizable, but chronic mycotoxicosis takes its toll as it has an impact on animal performance and a reduction in immunity with all the known economic consequences. Liver damage and deterioration is one of the main characteristics of both acute and chronic mycotoxicosis, further compromising the animals' health.
Known state of the art solutions include the addition of (myco)toxin binders to the feed, in order to inactivate the mycotoxins before being taken in by the animal, or in the animal itself. EP 1 079 696 for instance discloses a composition comprising a clay mineral and a yeast component capable of binding mycotoxins into the feed. However, once the animal has ingested the toxins, there is also a need for a composition which helps to restrain the damage caused by the toxins, limiting their toxicity, thus assisting the animal to cope with the infection. WO 2 014 014 334 A1 describes a food supplement for animals comprising a clay mineral, a yeast component and trace minerals. This food supplement, however, does not deal with the issues of mycotoxicity.
The invention aims to provide a composition that is, on the one hand, functional as a toxin binder in feed while, on the other hand, protecting liver function in the animal, thereby having a double positive influence on the well-being of the animal and its performance.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a composition as stated in claim 1 for binding and inactivation of mycotoxins in animals, while protecting liver function. More specifically, the composition comprises (myco)toxin binders combined with betaine, thereby having a double positive influence on the well-being of the animal and its performance.
The current invention thereto aims to provide a composition comprising one or more mineral clays and a yeast component as (myco)toxin binders, acting both in the feed and in the animal. Betaine or a betaine derivative is included in the composition, which is functional in the animal as a liver detoxifying agent due to its involvement in methylation reactions and detoxification of homocysteine.
In a second and third aspect, the present invention provides an animal feed comprising a composition as stated in claim 14 and a method as stated in claim 19.
The current invention thereto aims to provide an animal feed comprising the composition as stated above in combination with a preservative, and a method of providing this feed to animals.
DESCRIPTION OF FIGURES
Figure 1 illustrates the mycotoxin binding capacity of betaine hydrochloride in the gastric environment. The additive is added at 0.5% and comprises 0% or 3.5% betaine hydrochloride (betaine HCL). Mycotoxin binding is expressed relative to the negative controls.
Figure 2 illustrates the mycotoxin binding capacity of a feed additive in the gastrointestinal track environment. The additive is added at 0.5% and comprises 0% or 3.5% betaine hydrochloride (HCI). Mycotoxin binding is expressed relative to the negative controls.
Figure 3 illustrates the positive effect of a feed supplement containing betaine hydrochloride (HCI) on the health of pigs based on the daily measurement of the feed conversion ratio (FCR). The FCR was calculated for each experimental group as the proportion of the feed intake (g) to the daily weight gain (g).
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention concerns a composition to prevent the harmful effects of ingested mycotoxins present in animal feed.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in disclosing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. By means of further guidance, term definitions are included to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention.
As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings: "A", "an", and "the" as used herein refers to both singular and plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. By way of example, "a compartment" refers to one or more than one compartment. "About" as used herein referring to a measurable value such as a parameter, an amount, a temporal duration, and the like, is meant to encompass variations of +/-20% or less, preferably +/-10% or less, more preferably +/-5% or less, even more preferably +/-1% or less, and still more preferably +/-0.1% or less of and from the specified value, in so far such variations are appropriate to perform in the disclosed invention. However, it is to be understood that the value to which the modifier "about" refers is itself also specifically disclosed. "Comprise," "comprising," and "comprises" and "comprised of" as used herein are synonymous with "include", "including", "includes" or "contain", "containing", "contains" and are inclusive or open-ended terms that specifies the presence of what follows e.g. component and do not exclude or preclude the presence of additional, non-recited components, features, element, members, steps, known in the art or disclosed therein.
The recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all numbers and fractions subsumed within that range, as well as the recited endpoints.
The expression "% by weight" (weight percent), here and throughout the description unless otherwise defined, refers to the relative weight of the respective component based on the overall weight of the formulation.
For the purpose of the current invention, the term betaine is to be understood as referring to trimethylglycine. Trimethylglycine is an N-trimethylated amino acid. Betaine derivatives are to be understood as the products originated by conversion of betaine by strong acids to various salts. A betaine derivative can therefore be, but is not limited to, betaine hydrochloride which is yielded by conversion of betaine by hydrochloric acid.
The present invention provides a composition that can be used to reduce the negative effects of mycotoxins to the animals' health by, on the one hand, inactivating mycotoxins present in feed or in the animal itself and, on the other hand, by supporting the detoxification function of the liver in the animal.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a composition for binding and subsequent inactivation of mycotoxins while protecting liver function, comprising a yeast component, one or more mineral clays, characterized in that said composition further comprises betaine or a betaine derivative. Mineral clays are known as (myco)toxin binders, both in the feed as in the animal itself. The absorption of the toxins by the mineral clays prevents their uptake into the animals' blood stream. The combination of mineral clays with yeast cell wall extracts in animal feeds is known to further increase the mycotoxin binding effect. Binding of mycotoxins directly interferes with their toxicity mechanism.
The yeast component in the composition is preferably present in a concentration from 5% to 10% by weight and consists specifically of a yeast cell wall extract. In particular the cell wall is extracted from a yeast selected from the group of Saccharomyces, Candida, Kluyveromyces, Torulaspora or a combination thereof. More in particular, the yeast cell wall is extracted from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. More in particular, the yeast cell wall is hydrolysed prior to extraction and is, more specifically, composed of mannan-oligosaccharides.
The clay minerals in the composition are preferably present in a concentration from 40% to 80% by weight. In particular, one or more mineral clays are selected from the group consisting of zeolites, bentonites, aluminosilicates, magnesium aluminum silicates or mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment of the invention the mineral clay consists of a clinoptilolite.
The composition also aims at supporting the animals' endogenous defense mechanisms once mycotoxins have been ingested. After mycotoxin ingestion, the liver is burdened with the inactivation and degradation of the mycotoxins. Accordingly, liver damage and deterioration is one of the main characteristics of both acute and chronic mycotoxicosis.
The composition thereto comprises betaine or a betaine derivative, which is involved in methylation reactions and in the detoxification of homocysteine. Betaine and betaine derivatives are used in this invention as detoxifying agents, supporting the detoxification functions of the liver, eventually contributing to the improvement of the animals' health.
Betaine is used in the liver as a methyl group donor. The liver is the major organ within which methylation reactions occur. Dietary intake of methyl donors like betaine could influence the methylation of DNA and histones, thereby altering the epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Many of the hepatic genes involved in pathways for the development of fatty liver, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatocarcinomas are epigenetically regulated. In addition, methylation reactions are also important for several metabolic processes such as the synthesis of creatine and carnitine.
Betaine or a betaine derivative is preferably present in the composition in a concentration from 0.001% to 5% by weight of the composition. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the betaine derivative included in the composition is betaine hydrochloride.
The inventors of the present invention have found that a composition as described above is exceptionally suited to counteract the harmful effects of a broad range of toxins. The binding and inactivation of in particular Ochra toxin, zearalenones, deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins, aflatoxins, HT-2 toxins, T-2 toxins or enniatins contributes to the protection of the animals' health.
In a preferred embodiment, the composition described in the present invention or a feed supplement comprising the composition described in the present invention comprises a preservative composed of a calcium, sodium or ammonium salt of propionate. This preservative prevents bacterial and fungal growth in the composition or in the animal feed or drinking water upon addition of the composition. More in particular, the preservative is present in a concentration from between 5% to 10% by weight of the composition.
In a second aspect, the composition of the present invention as described above has a remarkable positive effect on the animal when taken in and is thus well suited as a feed supplement or as addition to the animals' feed. Addition of the composition to feed directly or as (part of) a feed supplement therefore results in healthier animals. In one embodiment, the composition or supplement is a powder. In a different embodiment, the composition or supplement is a liquid. In yet another embodiment, the composition or additive is added to the animals' drinking water. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the effective amount of the composition comprises from 0.5% to 1% by weight of the feed.
In particular the composition according to the present invention is suited for administration to animals selected from the group consisting of avian, bovine, porcine, equine, ovine, and caprine species
In a third aspect, the present invention also describes a method of feeding animals with a feed supplemented with a feed supplement according to the present invention, wherein the animal obtains the feed additive in a content of between 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg bodyweight/ day. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the composition is admixed with the animal feed prior to feeding. In an alternative embodiment, the composition is admixed with the animal's drinking water before it is provided to the animal.
The present invention may be described by the following embodiments: 1. A composition for binding and inactivation of mycotoxins, comprising a yeast component and one or more mineral clays, characterized in that said composition further comprises betaine or a betaine derivative. 2. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein the yeast component comprises a yeast cell wall extract. 3. The composition of any of the embodiments 1 to 2, wherein the yeast component comprises a yeast cell wall extract from a yeast selected from the group consisting of Saccharomyces, Candida, Kluyveromyces, Torulaspora or a combination thereof. 4. The composition of any of the embodiments 1 to 3, wherein the yeast component comprises a yeast cell wall extract from a Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. 5. The composition of any of the embodiments 1 to 4, wherein the yeast component comprises a yeast cell wall extract composed of mannan-oligosaccharides. 6. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein said one or more mineral clays are selected from the group consisting of zeolites, bentonites, aluminosilicates, magnesium aluminum silicates or mixtures thereof. 7. The composition of any of embodiments 1 to 6, wherein said mineral clay is clinoptilolite. 8. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein said betaine derivative is betaine hydrochloride. 9. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein said composition has a total concentration of mineral clay of between 40% and 80% by weight of the composition. 10. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein said composition comprises between 5% and 10% yeast component by weight of the composition. 11. The composition of embodiment 1, wherein said composition comprises between 0.001% to 5% betaine or betaine derivative by weight of the composition. 12. A composition for use as toxin binder in animals and animal feed, said composition is a composition according to any of the embodiments 1 to 11. 13. The composition of embodiment 12, wherein said toxin is selected from the group consisting of Ochra toxin, zearalenones, deoxynivalenol (DON), fumonisins, aflatoxins, HT-2 toxins, T-2 toxins and enniatins. 14. An animal feed comprising a composition according to any of the embodiments 1 to 11. 15. The animal feed of embodiment 14, wherein the effective amount of the composition comprises from 0.5% to 1% by weight of the feed. 16. The animal feed of embodiment 14, wherein the animal is selected from the group consisting of avian, bovine, porcine, equine, ovine, and caprine species. 17. The animal feed of any of embodiments 14 or 16, wherein said composition comprises a preservative that is composed of a calcium, sodium or ammonium salt of propionate. 18. A method for feeding animals, where the animals consume a feed comprising a composition as stated in any of embodiments 1 to 11 or an animal feed as stated in any of embodiments 14 to 18, wherein the effective amount of the composition comprises from 5g/kg to 10g/kg bodyweight/day. 19. The method of embodiment 19, wherein the composition is admixed with the animal feed prior to feeding.
The invention is further described by the following non-limiting examples which further illustrate the invention, and are not intended to, nor should they be interpreted to, limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention will be now described in more details, referring to examples that are not limitative.
It is supposed that the present invention is not restricted to any form of realization described previously and that some modifications can be added to the presented example of fabrication without reappraisal of the appended claims.
EXAMPLES
Example 1: (simulation of the gastric environment)
The following experiment demonstrates betaine hydrochloride does not have mycotoxin binding activity in the gastric environment.
Sample combinations were prepared in citrate buffer pH 3 (cf. gastric pH). After a 1 hour incubation at 37°C while shaking, the mycotoxins were extracted according to a solvent-switch method and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Internal standards were therefore included in each sample. Mycotoxin binding is expressed relative to the negative controls in % and is shown in Figure 1.
Sample combinations consisted of: negative control 1: mycotoxin standard mixture containing deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, Aflatoxin BI, Aflatoxin B2, Aflatoxin Gl, Aflatoxin G2, Ochratoxin A, HT-2 toxin, T-2 toxin, Enniatin B, Fumonisin BI and Fumonisin B2. negative control 2: 0.5% feed additive (Table 1) mycotoxin inhibitor: 0.5% feed additive (Table 1) + mycotoxin standard mixture containing deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, Aflatoxin BI, Aflatoxin B2, Aflatoxin Gl, Aflatoxin G2, Ochratoxin A, HT-2 toxin, T-2 toxin, Enniatin B, Fumonisin BI and Fumonisin B2.
Table 1: Feed additive composition
Without betaine HCI With betaine HCI
Component (%) (%)
Betaine hydrochloride 0 3.5
Mineral clays 80 76.5
Yeast component 10 10
Preservative 10 10
Addition of a feed additive comprising betaine hydrochloride (HCI) to the feed did not lead to increased mycotoxin binding in the gastric environment when compared to a feed additive without betaine HCI.
Example 2: (simulation of the gastro-intestinal track)
The following experiment demonstrates betaine hydrochloride does not have mycotoxin binding activity in the gastro-intestinal track environment.
Sample combinations were first prepared in citrate buffer pH 3 (cf. gastro-intestinal pH-range). After a 1 hour incubation at 37°C while shaking, the pH was brought to pH 7. Following a subsequent incubation of 3 hours at 37 °C while shaking, the mycotoxins were extracted according to a solvent-switch method and analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Internal standards were therefore included in each sample. Mycotoxin binding is expressed relative to the negative controls in % and is shown in Figure 2.
Sample combinations consisted of: negative control 1: mycotoxin standard mixture containing deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, Aflatoxin BI, Aflatoxin B2, Aflatoxin Gl, Aflatoxin G2, Ochratoxin A, HT-2 toxin, T-2 toxin, Enniatin B, Fumonisin BI and Fumonisin B2. negative control 2: 0.5% feed additive (Table 1) mycotoxin inhibitor: 0.5% feed additive (Table 1) + mycotoxin standard mixture containing deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, Aflatoxin BI, Aflatoxin B2, Aflatoxin Gl, Aflatoxin G2, Ochratoxin A, HT-2 toxin, T-2 toxin, Enniatin B, Fumonisin BI and Fumonisin B2.
Addition of a feed additive comprising betaine hydrochloride (HCI) to the feed did not lead to increased mycotoxin binding in the gastro-intestinal track environment when compared to a feed additive without betaine HCI.
Example 3: Study of the clinical effect of mycotoxins in pigs 50 pigs of either sex with average initial weight of 8.2 kg and average age 29 days were selected for the study. The animals were divided in 12 experimental groups. Half of the groups were fed with a feed that was contaminated with mycotoxins while the other half was fed with mycotoxin-free feed. Additionally, the feed of each group further differed in the presence or absence of a 0.5% feed supplement comprising 0%, 2.5% or 5% betaine hydrochloride (HCI). The feed supplement (see Table 2 for feed supplement composition) was admixed with the animal feed prior to feeding. The feed was administered 4 times per day and water was available ad libitum. The feed intake and weight gain was measured daily for 30 days. The Feed Conversion Rate (FCR) was calculated for each experimental group as the proportion of the feed intake (g) to the daily weight gain (g) and is used as a measure for pig health: the lower the FCR, the healthier the pigs.
Table 2: Feed supplement compositions used in example 3.
The results of the study are shown in Figure 3. A surprising effect was found when pigs were fed with mycotoxin contaminated feed that was provided with the feed supplement comprising betaine HCI. The FCR of pigs fed with the feed according to the current invention was much lower, indicating these pigs were much healthier due to the liver supporting function of betaine HCI. Notably, the positive effect on pig's health was larger than what could have been expected of the combination of feed supplement and betaine HCI based on the results of the feed supplement alone (0.5% supplement and 0% betaine HCI) or the betaine HCI alone (0% supplement and 0.0125% or 0.025% betaine HCI).
Claims (19)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2019738A NL2019738B1 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2017-10-16 | Composition for use as mycotoxin binder in animals |
| PCT/EP2018/078090 WO2019076820A1 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2018-10-15 | Composition for use as mycotoxin binder in animals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2019738A NL2019738B1 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2017-10-16 | Composition for use as mycotoxin binder in animals |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL2019738B1 true NL2019738B1 (en) | 2019-04-23 |
Family
ID=63965637
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL2019738A NL2019738B1 (en) | 2017-10-16 | 2017-10-16 | Composition for use as mycotoxin binder in animals |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| NL (1) | NL2019738B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019076820A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021257056A1 (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-23 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Identification of mycotoxin absorption materials in clay deposits |
| WO2024145534A2 (en) * | 2022-12-29 | 2024-07-04 | Cenzone Tech Inc. | Compositions and methods for enzyme chelated trace minerals |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK1079696T3 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 2007-07-02 | Alltech Inc | Compositions for removing mycotoxins from feed |
| EP1912520B1 (en) * | 2005-07-19 | 2020-01-22 | Texas Enterosorbents Inc. | Preservative and additive for food and feed |
| AU2012200952B2 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2014-10-23 | Stephen Philip Mann | Mycotoxin-reducing composition |
| RU2391975C1 (en) | 2009-06-08 | 2010-06-20 | Государственное научное учреждение Всероссийский научно-исследовательский и технологический институт птицеводства | Method for prophylactics of mycotoxicosis in farm animals and birds |
| MX2012008392A (en) | 2012-07-18 | 2014-01-20 | Julieta Citlali Morales Aguilar | Animal feed supplement. |
| CN107125452A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-05 | 郑其全 | A kind of sheep feed with low cost |
-
2017
- 2017-10-16 NL NL2019738A patent/NL2019738B1/en active
-
2018
- 2018-10-15 WO PCT/EP2018/078090 patent/WO2019076820A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2019076820A1 (en) | 2019-04-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP4421777B2 (en) | Composition for demycotoxin of feed | |
| Yildirim et al. | Effects of yeast glucomannan on performance, some biochemical parameters and pathological changes in experimental aflatoxicosis in broiler chickens | |
| NL2019738B1 (en) | Composition for use as mycotoxin binder in animals | |
| Silambarasan et al. | Evaluation of the ability of adsorbents to ameliorate the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1 in broiler chickens | |
| Daneshyar et al. | Effects of different levels of date pits in broilers’ feed contaminated with aflatoxin B1 on broilers’ performance and carcass characteristic | |
| US12239616B2 (en) | Food supplement and composition comprising choline butyrate salt and/or butyrylcholine | |
| WO2011090409A2 (en) | Food product for raised farm animals and poultry | |
| Mézes et al. | Preventive and therapeutic methods against the toxic effects of mycotoxins—A review | |
| EP3430913B1 (en) | Composition for binding mycotoxins and its use | |
| Silambarasan et al. | Efficacy of certain adsorbents on carcass traits and livability of broiler chickens fed aflatoxin B1 contaminated diets | |
| RU2391025C1 (en) | Farm animals and poultry fodder additive | |
| CN1997286B (en) | Feed or feed additives containing alkaloids | |
| Khatke et al. | Evaluation of the ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mannan oliosaccharides to ameliorate the adverse effects of aflatoxin B1 in broiler chickens | |
| NL2019737B1 (en) | Zinc ricinoleate as mycotoxin inhibitor | |
| NL2025675B1 (en) | Composition for the use in priventing intestinal permeability problems due to don toxicity | |
| EP2587935B1 (en) | Mycotoxin binding compositions | |
| Moturi et al. | Effects of dietary arginine in ameliorating the deleterious effects induced by mycotoxins on growth, immune system, body organs in growing pigs | |
| Jarczyk et al. | An attempt at inactivation of ochratoxin A in pigs’ feed with two feed-added adsorbents | |
| Sharma et al. | Amelioration of aflatoxicosis by methionine supplementation in broiler chickens | |
| BE1030983A1 (en) | Feed additive for reducing the bioavailability of mycotoxins in animal feed | |
| BE1024195B1 (en) | FOOD SUPPLEMENT AND PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION INCLUDING BUTYRYLCHOLINE | |
| BE1024170B1 (en) | Composition comprising choline butyrate salt | |
| Huma Mujahid et al. | Protective effect of yeast sludge and whey powder against ochratoxicosis in broiler chicks. | |
| Strathe et al. | Increasing dietary valine-to-lysine ratio for lactating sows had no effect on litter performance or sow tissue mobilisation. | |
| CN118401110A (en) | Compositions comprising short-chain and medium-chain fatty acids and their use in preventing and treating infections |