NL2010484C2

NL2010484C2 - Crossing stone and crossing arrangement formed therewith.

Info

Publication number: NL2010484C2
Application number: NL2010484A
Authority: NL
Inventors: Georg Berding
Original assignee: Berding Beton Gmbh
Priority date: 2012-03-20
Filing date: 2013-03-20
Publication date: 2015-04-07
Also published as: DE202013002628U1; DE102012006601A1; NL2010484A

Abstract

The stone (101) has cuboid outer sides (105, 106), a flat upper surface (108) with respect to an opposing base (102), a front side (103), and a back side (104). A sloping contact surface (110) is provided in the front side. The front side includes a portion with a radius of curvature, and another portion between the former portion and the upper surface, where a radius of curvature of the latter portion is smaller than that of the former portion. The portions form partial planar sections having a slope gradually increasing towards the front side. An independent claim is also included for a traversing arrangement on an underneath construction.

Description

Crossing stone and crossing arrangement formed therewith

The invention relates to a crossing stone for a crossing arrangement, with outer sides in the form of a parallelepiped, and a crossing arrangement formed therewith comprising one or more crossing stones laid side by side in a row on a substrate, and optionally a dropper kerb and at least one kerbstone where applicable. A crossing arrangement known from EP 1 529 881 A2 has a number of disadvantages. The crossing stones proposed there do not match the dimensions of kerbstones or dropper kerbs laid next to the crossing arrangement, especially in terms of width and thickness, and have inconveniently steep slopes for practical purposes, such as for crossing with wheelchairs or rollators. In addition, there are disadvantages with regard to draining rainwater towards the adjacent roadway.

The invention has set itself the objective of providing a crossing stone and a crossing arrangement formed therewith in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

In a first embodiment, this problem is solved by a crossing stone for a crossing arrangement, or a tactile paving stone, with outer sides in the form of a parallelepiped, wherein a flat upper surface facing upwards when installed is either parallel to an opposite lower surface or is arranged with a slope of 2 % to 5 %, especially 3 %, towards the front face relative to the lower surface and adjacent front and rear faces, the upper surface transitioning into the front face via a ramp surface with an S-shaped curve dropping towards the front face, wherein the ramp surface then has, adjoining the front face, a first, upwardly concave portion when installed, with a first radius of curvature, and, between the first portion and the upper surface, an upwardly convex portion when installed, with a second radius of curvature, the first radius of curvature being greater than the second radius of curvature. It is convenient for the upper surface, lower surface, front face, rear face and lateral outer faces to be flat. It is preferable for the front face when installed to be vertical, and also the rear face and the two lateral outer faces. The upper surface may adjoin the rear face and the outer faces via microchamfering with a height of 1 to 3 mm, especially 2 mm.

The ramp surface preferably extends 1 to 4 cm, especially 1.5 to 2 cm, in a vertical direction and preferably has a constant width running between the outer faces, seen from the upper surface towards the front face. The first radius may be 5 to 10 cm, especially 6 to 8 cm and preferably 7 cm. The second radius may be 1 to 4 cm, especially 1 to 2 cm and preferably 1.5 cm.

In one variant, it may be contemplated that the ramp surface forms a transition surface to a kerbstone configured as a dropper kerb and having an S-shaped curve on the outer face, and passing over towards the opposite outer face into a chamfered, outwardly convex cross-sectional shape in the form of a quadrant, the radius of which is 2 to 6 cm, especially 5 cm. Longitudinal edges of the ramp surface where they pass over into the upper and front faces may be parallel to one another or may taper towards one another.

In a second embodiment, the problem of the invention is solved by a crossing stone for a crossing arrangement, or bull-nosed kerb with zero drop, with outer faces in the form of a parallelepiped, wherein, when installed, an upwardly facing flat upper surface is arranged relative to an opposite lower surface and adjacent front and rear faces with a slope of 10 % to 20 %, especially 15 % to 19 %, preferably 17 %, towards the front face, the upper surface passing over into the front face via a ramp surface sloping by 30° to 60°, especially 45°, relative to the upper surface or front face. The ramp surface may extend 2 to 15 mm, preferably 5 mm, in the vertical direction and may likewise be flat or chamfered. It is convenient for the upper surface, lower surface, front face and rear face and lateral outer faces to be flat.

In a third embodiment, the problem underlying the invention is solved by a crossing stone or transition stone for a crossing arrangement, with outer faces in the form of a parallelepiped, wherein, when installed, an upwardly facing upper surface is arranged relative to an opposite lower surface and adjacent front and rear faces with a slope towards the front face which increases from one lateral outer face to an opposite lateral outer face, the slope being 2 % to 5 %, especially 3 %, on the one outer face and 10 % to 20 %, especially 16 % to 18 % and preferably 17 % on the opposite outer face, and the upper surface passes over into the front face via a ramp surface which slopes towards the front face, the width of which decreases as the slope of the upper surface increases, when seen in the direction of the drop or from the upper surface towards the front face.

In one variant, the crossing stone may be configured as a transition stone between a crossing stone of the first embodiment and a crossing stone of the second embodiment, and the ramp surface may extend 2 to 4 cm, especially 2.5 to 3 cm, vertically at the outer face, at which the upper surface has a slope of 2 to 5 %, and its profile can be adapted to the ramp surface of a crossing stone of the first embodiment. The ramp surface can extend 2 to 15 mm, especially 5 mm, vertically at the opposite outer face, where the upper surface has a slope of 10 to 20 %, and its profile can be adapted to the ramp surface of a crossing stone of the second embodiment, it being flat or approximately flat. It is convenient for the ramp surface to be provided with straight longitudinal edges tapering towards one another between the outer faces where it passes over into the upper and front faces.

In another variant, the crossing stone may be configured as a transition stone between a crossing stone according to the second embodiment and a dropper kerb, and the ramp surface may be chamfered at the outer face, where the upper surface has a slope of 2 % to 5 %, or it may have a quadrant-shaped, outwardly convex cross-section, the radius of which is 2 to 6 cm, especially 5 cm, and may be flat on the opposite outer face, where the upper surface has a slope of 10 to 20 %.

In all the crossing stones, it is preferably provided that the front and rear faces are flat and parallel to one another and perpendicular to the lower surface, and that all the faces mentioned are perpendicular to the lateral outer faces. In addition, spacers may be provided on at least one outer face in the form of outwardly directed projections which may project about 2 to 8 mm, e.g. 3 mm, beyond the outer face. The crossing stones may have a depth (distance between the front and rear faces) of 10 to 20 cm, especially 15 cm, a thickness (greatest distance between the upper and lower surfaces) of between 15 and 25 cm, especially 22 cm, and a width (distance between the outer faces) of between 10 and 100 cm, especially between 15 and 30 cm and preferably 18 to 22 cm or more preferably 20 cm. In addition, the sloping upper surface may in each case adjoin the rear face and the outer faces via microchamfering with a height of 1 to 3 mm, especially 2 mm.

The problem underlying the invention is also solved in a fourth embodiment by a crossing arrangement with, laid side by side in a row on a substrate, at least one dropper kerb, a crossing stone in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention as a transition stone with a ramp surface which has an S-shaped curve on one outer surface and is quadrant-shaped and outwardly convex on the other outer surface as a transition surface and at least one crossing stone in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention with a ramp surface of constant width.

Adjacent to the dropper kerb, at least one kerbstone may be arranged, and adjacent to the at least one crossing stone of the first embodiment, a crossing stone as a transition stone, a dropper kerb and at least one kerbstone may be arranged. The at least one crossing stone of the first embodiment with a ramp surface of constant width may be inserted at a low height when installed, such as a height at which the upper surface of the crossing stone has a fitted height of 2 to 4 cm, especially 3 cm, above an adjoining gutter stone. In this case, the crossing arrangement of the fourth embodiment forms a simple crossing, which is equally suitable for the visually impaired using a cane and for the mobility-impaired using a rollator or wheelchair.

The problem of the invention is also solved in a fifth embodiment by a crossing arrangement with, laid side by side in a row on a substrate, a dropper kerb, a crossing stone in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention as a transition stone with a ramp surface which has an S-shaped curve on one outer surface and a ramp surface chamfered in a quadrant shape on the other outer surface as a transition surface, at least one crossing stone in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention with a ramp surface of constant width, a crossing stone as a transition stone in accordance with the third embodiment of the invention, at least one crossing stone in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention with a ramp surface of constant width, a crossing stone in accordance with the third embodiment of the invention as a transition stone to a dropper kerb, and a dropper kerb.

The at least one crossing stone of the first embodiment with a ramp surface of constant width may be inserted at a high level when installed, such as a height at which its upper surface has a fitted height of 5 to 7 cm, such as 6 cm, above an adjoining gutter stone. In this case, the crossing arrangement of the fifth embodiment forms a differentiated crossing, with a crossing section for the visually impaired using a cane (crossing stone of the first embodiment, forms a high tactile edge) and a crossing section for the mobility-impaired using a rollator or wheelchair (crossing stone of the second embodiment with zero drop).

The invention will now be explained in greater detail by describing a worked embodiment, reference being made to a drawing, in which

Figs, la, b, c, d and e show a first embodiment of a crossing stone in a perspective view, side and front views and a detailed illustration on an enlarged scale,

Figs. 2a, b, c, d and e show a second embodiment of a crossing stone in a perspective view, side and front views and a detailed illustration on an enlarged scale,

Figs. 3a, b, c, d and e show a third embodiment of a crossing stone as a transition stone in a first orientation (Figs. 3a, b, c) and in a second orientation (Fig. 3d) in a perspective view and side and front views,

Figs. 4a, b, c, d and e show a variant of the third embodiment of a crossing stone as a transition stone in a first orientation (Figs. 4a, b, c) and in a second orientation (Fig. 4d) in a perspective view and side and front views,

Figs. 5a, b, c and d show a variant of the first embodiment of a crossing stone as a transition stone in a first orientation (Figs. 5a, b, c) and in a second orientation (Fig. 5d) in a perspective view and side and front views,

Fig. 6 shows a schematic perspective view of a differentiated crossing arrangement using crossing stones of different embodiments, kerbstones and dropper kerbs,

Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of the crossing arrangement according to Fig. 6, seen from above,

Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of the crossing arrangement according to Figs. 6 and 7, seen from the front,

Fig. 9 shows a schematic view of a simple crossing arrangement, seen from above, and

Fig. 10 shows a schematic view of the simple crossing arrangement according to Fig. 9, seen from the front.

In Figs. 1 to 5, the Fig. "a" in each case shows a perspective view, while the illustrations labelled "b" and "c" show views from the directions labelled "A" and "B". Figs, la to d show first embodiment of a crossing stone 101 as a tactile paving stone, which has a flat lower surface 102, flat front and rear faces 103, 104 aligned perpendicular thereto and parallel to one another, and two outer faces 105, 106 running perpendicularly to those three faces and parallel to one another. An upper surface 108 running spaced apart from the lower surface 102 is preferably not parallel to the lower surface 102, but has a slope of 2 % to 5 %, in this case 3 %, pointing in direction 111 towards the front face 103. At its rear end, the upper surface 108, which is preferably flat, passes over into the rear face 104 via microchamfering 109 approx. 2 mm in height, while it passes over at its front end into the front face 103 via a ramp surface 110 which slopes or drops towards the front face.

The ramp surface 110 has an S-shaped profile when seen from the side or in cross-section, as can be seen from one of the perspective views in Fig. la and in more detail from the enlarged section view in Fig. Id. The ramp surface 110 adjoins the front face 103 with a first, upwardly concave portion 110a when installed, which is curved with a first radius of curvature R. Adjoining this first portion 110a at a turning point W with a constant incline, i.e. without a kink, is a portion 110b which is upwardly convex when installed, with a second radius of curvature r, which for its part passes over into the upper surface 108, likewise with a constant incline, i.e. without a kink. The first radius of curvature R is greater than the second radius of curvature r, where R may be the 3-10 times as much as r and is about 4.5 as much in the example illustrated. R may be 5 to 10 cm, especially 7 cm, whereas r may be 1 to 2 cm, especially 1.5 cm. A centre of curvature M of the first portion 110a with radius r may be a distance a of up to approx. 0.75 R from the front face 103, or from a plane including the front face, so that the initial inclination of the first portion 110a to the horizontal does not become too great. In the embodiment illustrated, the distance a with a first radius R of 7 cm is about 4 to 5 cm. The smaller the distance between M and the plane of the front face 103, the smaller the initial inclination or the angle of inclination of the portion 110a at the beginning of the portion 110a relative to the horizontal. The first portion 110a may extend over an arc of preferably 5 to 30 degrees, such as 15 degrees. A centre of curvature m of the second portion 110b of the ramp surface 110 is located at a distance d from the front face 103 or the plane of the front face 103, namely on the opposite side of the plane (inside the stone 101, whereas M is located outside), where d may amount to between r and 1.5 r, and is about 1.1 r in the worked embodiment illustrated in Fig. Id. The second portion 110b of the ramp surface 110 can extend over an angular range of 20 degrees to 60 degrees, and extends over about 45 degrees in the worked embodiment illustrated in Fig. Id. The second portion 110b joins onto the first portion 110a at the turning point W, and the inclination or the angle of inclination of the ramp surface 110 relative to the horizontal at the turning point W does not change sharply (no kink).

On an outer face 105, two parallel or a plurality of circular, outwardly pointing projections 112 with a cross-sectional shape which is, for example, shaped like a semicircle or segment, are configured as spacers, which project beyond the plane of the outer face 105 by about 5 mm, so that a clear space of approx. 5 mm is maintained between opposing outer faces of adjacent crossing stones when they are laid.

The ramp surface 110 and the upper surface 108 extend in a vertical direction 113, i.e. seen perpendicularly to the lower surface 102 and parallel to the front, rear and outer faces, over a total of 3 cm, the upper surface extending over approx. 0.37 cm and the ramp surface over approx. 2.63 cm in the vertical direction. With these figures, the S-shaped ramp surface 110 has a width b, seen towards the slope of the upper surface or from the upper surface towards front face, of about 3.7 cm.

Fig. le shows a schematic representation of a crossing stone 101 of the first embodiment when installed at a low installation height relative to an adjacent gutter stone 620, the upper surface 108 of the crossing stone 101 lying about 3 cm above the horizontal surface of the gutter stone 620. This installation situation, which is also referred to as a simple crossing, enables the visually impaired to detect a vertical portion of the front face 103 of the crossing stone 101, which projects above the gutter stone 620 as a tactile edge, with a cane, and also permits the mobility-impaired using a rollator or wheelchair to overcome relatively easily the step formed by the crossing stone 101. By way of example, Fig. le shows a wheel 150 of a rollator with an exemplary radius 151 of 7 cm. Since the radius of curvature R of the first portion 110a of the ramp surface 110 of the crossing stone 101 is selected so as to be about the same as a radius of standard rollator wheels, e.g. 7 cm, a rollator can be pushed relatively easily onto such a crossing stone 101.

In a preferred embodiment, the crossing stone 101 has a width B, as the distance between the outer faces 105, 106, of 20 cm, including the spacer, a thickness D or height, as the distance between the upper surface 108 and the lower surface 102, of approx. 22 cm (greatest distance between the upper surface and lower surface), and a depth T, as the distance between the front and rear faces 103, 104, of 15 cm.

Figs. 2a to show a second embodiment of a crossing stone 201 as a bull-nosed kerb with zero drop, which differs from the crossing stone 101 according to Fig. 1 in that the upper surface 208 has a slope of 10 % to 20 %, in this case 17 %, in the direction 211 of the front face 203 and adjoins the front face 203 via a ramp surface or chamfer 210, the vertical extent h of which is about 5 mm. The upper surface 208 extends over about 2.5 cm, seen in the vertical direction 213, and passes over into the rear face 204 via microchamfering 209, the vertical extent of which is about 2 mm. Adjoining the front face 203, Fig. 2d shows a gutter stone 620 on an enlarged scale.

Figs. 3a, b and c show a third embodiment of a crossing stone 301, which is configured in a first orientation as a right-hand transition stone between a crossing stone 101 according to the first embodiment and a crossing stone 201 according to the second embodiment. Fig. 3d shows a crossing stone 301' according to the third embodiment in the opposite orientation, which is configured as a left-hand transition stone between two crossing stones 101, 201. The orientations of the stones 301 and 301' are the mirror images (apart from the spacer 312) of one of the outer faces 305, 306 or 305', 306'. The contours of the outer face 305 correspond to the contours of the outer face 106 of the crossing stone 101, while the contours of the outer face 306 correspond to the contours of the outer face 205 of the crossing stone 201. Conversely, the contours of the outer face 305' correspond to the contours of the outer faces 206 of the crossing stone 201 and also the contours of the outer face 306, while the contours of the outer face 306' correspond to the contours of the outer face 105 of the crossing stone 101 and also the contours of the outer face 305. Between the outer faces 305, 306 or 305', 306', the crossing stones 301, 301' have gradual transitions in the form of an upper surface 308, 308' which is not flat, with a gradually increasing or decreasing slope, which varies in the example illustrated between 3 % and 17 %, and in the form of a ramp surface 310, 310' forming a transition surface, the width of which, seen in the direction from the upper surface to the front face, increases gradually from one outer face to the opposite outer face and also has a profile forming a gradual transition.

Figs. 4a, b and c show a variant of the third embodiment of a crossing stone 401, which is configured in a first orientation as a left-hand transition stone between a crossing stone 201 according to the second embodiment and a dropper kerb. Fig. 4 shows a corresponding crossing stone 401', which is configured in the opposite orientation as a right-hand transition stone between the crossing stone 201 and a dropper kerb. The orientations of the stones 401 and 401' are the mirror images (apart from the spacer 412) of one of the outer faces 405, 406 or 405', 406'. The contours of the outer face 405 correspond to the contours of an outer face of a dropper kerb, while the contours of the opposite outer face 406 correspond to the contours of the outer face 205 of the crossing stone 201 of the second embodiment. Conversely, the contours of the outer face 405' correspond to the contours of the outer face 206 of the crossing stone 201, while the contours of the outer face 406' correspond to the contours of an outer face of a dropper kerb. Between the outer faces 405, 406 or 405', 406', the crossing stones 401, 401' have gradual transitions in the form of an upper surface 408, 408' which is not flat, with a gradually increasing or decreasing slope, which varies in the example illustrated between 3 % and 17 %, and in the form of a ramp surface 410, 410', the width of which, seen in the direction from the upper surface to the front face, is variable and increases gradually from the outer face 406 or 405' to the opposite outer face 405 or 406'.

Figs. 5a, b and c show a variant of the first embodiment of a crossing stone 501, which is configured in a first orientation as a (left-hand) transition stone between a crossing stone 101 according to the first embodiment and a dropper kerb. Fig. 5d shows a corresponding crossing stone 501', which is configured in the opposite orientation as a right-hand transition stone between a crossing stone according to the first embodiment and a dropper kerb. The orientations of the stones 501 and 501' are the mirror images (apart from the spacer 512) of one of the outer faces 505, 506 or 505', 506'. The contours of the outer face 505 correspond to the contours of an outer face of a dropper kerb, while the contours of the outer face 506 correspond to the contours of the outer face 105 of the crossing stone 101. Conversely, the contours of the outer face 506' correspond to the contours of the outer face of a dropper kerb, while the contours of the outer face 505' correspond to the contours of the outer face 106 of the crossing stone 101. Between the outer faces 505, 506 or 505', 506', the crossing stones 501, 501' have gradual transitions in the form of a flat upper surface 508, 508' with a slope of 3 %, and in the form of a ramp surface 510, 510', the width and profile of which, seen in the direction from the upper surface to the front face, is variable. The profile of the ramp surface 510, 510" forms a gradual transition between the outer faces 505, 506 or 505", 506", from an S-shaped arrangement to a quadrant-shaped rounded arrangement.

Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of differentiated crossing with a crossing arrangement according to the fifth embodiment of the invention, in a transition region between a roadway 600 and a footpath 700 or ancillary facilities, with a channel 610 made from gutter stones 620 laid side by side disposed between the roadway and footpath and, adjoining it, kerbstones 630 laid side by side. In the region of the crossing illustrated, seen from the bottom left (front) to top right (back) in Fig. 6, a row of crossing stones 501, 101, 301, 201, 401 is arranged between a row of left-hand kerbstones (not illustrated) and a left dropper kerb (not illustrated), and a right dropper kerb 640 and right-hand kerbstones 630.

Fig. 7 shows the crossing illustrated in Fig. 6 as seen from above, while Fig. 8 shows a view from the front. Especially in the view from above, it is easy to see that all the kerbstones or high kerbs 630, dropper kerbs 640 and crossing stones have the same depth T (dimension transverse to the direction of travel of the roadway 600, or seen from the roadway to the footpath). The depth T of the stones can be between 10 and 20 cm and especially 15 cm. While the kerbstones 630 and dropper kerbs 640 may have a width (dimension seen in the direction of travel of the roadway 600) of 100 cm, the crossing stones preferably have a width B of 20 cm. This makes it possible to ensure that even in curve situations with narrow radii of curvature no excessively large wedge-shaped gaps occur between adjacent crossing stones, even though the outer faces of each individual stone are parallel to one another. On both sides adjacent to the transition stone 301, a crossing stone 101, 201 can in each case be inserted slightly obliquely, in order to ensure a favourable transition to the adjoining footpath flags.

The crossing arrangement formed by the crossing stones 101 is raised when installed (greater installation height) as illustrated at the bottom left in Fig. 6. Because of the special design of ramp surfaces 110 of the crossing stones 101 according to the first embodiment, it is primarily suitable for the visually impaired, since a raised tactile edge is formed. The upper surface 108 of the crossing stones 101 is located at an installation height of 5 to 7 cm, about 6 cm, above an upper surface of the gutter stones 620.

In a central area, Fig. 6 shows a crossing arrangement with crossing stones 201 according to the second aspect of the invention, with a crossing stone 301 as a transition stone and a crossing stone 401' as a transition stone. Instead of the gently sloping upper surface 108 and relatively high ramp surface 110 of the crossing stones 101, the crossing stone 201, which is also referred to as a "zero-dropper", has an upper surface 208 inclined with a steeper slope and a ramp surface 210 of low height h, which makes it particularly easy to cross with rollators, wheelchairs etc.

Figs. 6 and 8 also show the integration of the crossing stones 501, 101, 301, 201 and 401' into a concrete substrate 650 with a rear support 652, the height of which, proceeding from the lower surface of the crossing stones, is about 10 cm. It is advisable for the crossing stones to have a minimum thickness D of 20, 22 or 25 cm, so that paving stones 660, which may have a thickness of 8 to 14 cm, can be laid correctly.

Figs. 9 and 10 show views of a simple crossing, with a row of crossing stones 101 of the first embodiment (Fig. 1) being arranged in each case between a crossing stone 501, 501' according to the third embodiment (Fig. 5) as a transition stone to a dropper kerb 640. In this case, in order to provide both a tactile edge for the visually impaired and also a crossing possibility for rollators and wheelchairs, the crossing stones 101 of the first embodiment are laid at a lower installation height than in the embodiments according to Figs. 6 to 8, such as at an installation height (height of the upper surface 108 relative to the gutter stones 620) of 3 cm.

List of reference numerals 101 Crossing stone 102 Lower surface 103 Front face 104 Rear face 105, 106 Outer face 108 Upper surface 109 Microchamfering 110a First portion 110b Second portion 110 Ramp surface 111 Direction of slope 112 Spacer (projection) 113 Vertical direction 150 Wheel of a rollator 151 Radius of 150 201 Crossing stone 202 Lower surface 203 Front face 204 Rear face 205, 206 Outer face 208 Upper surface 209 Microchamfering 210 Chamfer (ramp surface) 213 Vertical direction 301, 301' Crossing stone 302 Lower surface 303 Front face 304 Rear face 305, 305' Outer face 306, 306' Outer face 308, 308' Upper surface 310 Ramp surface (transition surface) 312 Spacer 401, 401' Crossing stone 405, 405' Outer face 406, 406' Outer face 408, 408' Upper surface 410, 410' Ramp surface (transition surface) 412 Spacer 501, 501' Crossing stone 505, 505' Outer face 506, 506' Outer face 508, 508' Upper surface 510, 510' Ramp surface (transition surface) 512 Spacer 600 Roadway 610 Channel 620 Gutter stone 630 Kerbstone 640 Dropper kerb 650 Concrete substrate 652 Rear support 660 Paving stone b Width of 110, 310 B Width of 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 D Thickness of 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 T Depth of 101, 201, 301, 401, 501 R First radius of curvature r Second radius of curvature M Centre of curvature of 110a (R) m Centre of curvature of 110b (r) a Distance between M and 103 d Distance between m and 103 W Turning point h Vertical extent of 210

Claims

A crossing stone (101) for a crossing place, with cuboid outer sides (105, 106), wherein in a mounted state, upward facing, flat top side (108) with respect to an opposite bottom side (102) and adjacent front and rear sides ( 103, 104) can be provided with a gradient of 2% to 5% directed towards the front side (103), the top side (108) via an S-shaped curved face (110) inclined to the front side (103) in the front side (103), wherein the run-on surface (110) can extend in the vertical direction (113) approximately 1 to 4 cm and then has a first, concave portion upwardly mounted in the mounted state with a first radius of curvature (R) and between the first portion and the top (108) has an upwardly convex portion in the mounted state with a second radius of curvature (r), the first radius of curvature (R) being greater than the second radius of curvature (r).

A crossing stone (201) for a crossing place with cuboid outer sides (205, 206), wherein a flat top side (208) directed upwards in the mounted state with respect to an opposite bottom side (202) and adjacent front and rear sides (203 , 204) is provided with a gradient of 10% to 20% directed towards the front side (203), the top side (208) merging with a front surface (210) inclined to the front less than 30 ° to 60 ° into the front ( 203), wherein the run-on surface (210) can extend in the vertical direction (213) approximately 2 mm to 15 mm (h).

A crossing stone (301) for a crossing site with cube-shaped outer sides, wherein a flat top side (308) directed upwards in the mounted state with respect to an opposite bottom side (302) and adjacent front and rear sides (303, 304) of a a gradient is provided with a side (305) towards an opposite side (306), facing towards the front (303), the gradient on the one outside (305) being 2% to 5% and on the opposite outside (306) % to 20% and the top side (308) merges via a slanted face (310) towards the front into the front (303), the face (310) decreasing a width (b) decreasing from the top (308) with increasing gradient ), viewed from the top to the front (303).

4. Overhang stone (301) according to claim 3, as a transition stone between a overhang stone (101) of claim 1 and a overhang stone (201) according to claim 2, characterized in that the contact surface (310) is on an outside (305) in its profile is adapted to the run-on surface (110) of an overhang (101) according to claim 1 and on the other outside (306) in its profile to the run-on surface (210) of an overhang according to claim 2.

5. Crossing stone. (101) according to claim 1, characterized in that the contact surface (110) between the outer sides (105, 106) has a constant width (b).

The crossing stone (101) according to claim 5, characterized in that the contact surface (110) has an invariably S-shaped curved profile between the outer sides (105, 106).

The overhanging stone (501) according to claim 1, characterized in that the run-on surface (510) is curved in an S-shape on an outside (506) and cross-sectioned in the direction of the opposite outside (505) in a quarter-circle outwardly convex is ringing.

The overhanging stone (301) according to claim 3, characterized in that the run-on surface (310) on the outside (305), where the top (308) has a gradient of 2 to 5%, is approximately 1 to 4 in the vertical direction cm and on the other outside (306), where the top (308) has a gradient of 10 to 20%, extends approximately 2 to 15 mm in the vertical direction.

The overhanging stone (401) according to claim 3, characterized in that the run-on surface (410) on the outside (405), where the upper side (408) has a gradient of 2 to 5%, is rounded or a quarter-circle outer-outer convex cross-section and, on the other outside (406), where the top has a gradient of 10 to 20%, is flat.

A crossing place with, in a row side by side on a carrier (650), a wing stone (640), a crossing stone (501) as a transition stone according to claim 7 and at least one crossing stone (101) according to claim 1.

Crossing point according to claim 10, characterized in that, in addition to the at least one crossing block (101) according to claim 1, a crossing block (501) is provided as a further transition block according to claim 7, and a further wing block (640).

A crossing place with, in a row side by side on a support (650), a wing stone (640), a crossing stone (501) according to claim 7 as a transition stone, at least one crossing stone (101) according to claim 1, a crossing stone ( 301) as a transition stone according to claim 4, and at least one crossing stone (201) according to claim 2

A crossing point according to claim 12, characterized in that, in addition to the at least one crossing stone (201) according to claim 2, a crossing stone (401) is provided as a further transition stone according to claim 4, and a further wing stone (640).

A crossing point according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that between the crossing point and an adjacent roadway (600) is a gutter (610) of sinks (620) installed side by side on a base (650), the the top is at an installation height that is lower than the upper side (108) of the crossing stones (101) of the first embodiment, the installation height being 3 cm or 6 cm.