MXPA97008433A

MXPA97008433A - Dentifri compositions

Info

Publication number: MXPA97008433A
Application number: MXPA/A/1997/008433A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Earl Rice David
Original assignee: The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority date: 1995-05-02
Filing date: 1997-10-31
Publication date: 1998-02-01

Abstract

The present invention relates to oral compositions such as oral gels and toothpastes containing a novel abrasive, an amorphous silica abrasive composition comprising: a precipitated silica comprising particles, said particles having: an average particle size of 5 to 11 microns (from <9), an Einlehner hardness of 0.8 to 2.5 for abrasive for bronze screen and 5 to 8 for abrasive for polyester screen, an oil absorption of 95 ml / 100g to 135 ml / 100g, and an abrasion of radioactive dentin from 25 to 90, and a silica gel, comprising particles, said particles have: an average particle size of 5 to 11 microns (of <9), an Einlehner hardness of 3 to 15 for abrasive bronze and 8 to 20 for polyester screen abrasive, an oil absorption of 60 ml / 100g, at 130 ml / 100g, and a radioactive dentine abrasion of 80 to 200, where at least about 70% of these particles have a diameter of me about 25 microns, where the film cleaning ratio is from 90 to 135 and the abrasion of radioactive dentin is from 60 to 100, preferably from 65 to 85, with a dentin film / abrasion cleaning ratio portion. radioactive from 1.20 to 1.60, preferably 1.25 to 1.50, and wherein the ratio of silica precipitated to silica gel is from 90:10 to 60:40, preferably 80:20 to 60:40, respectively.

Description

DENTÍFRICAS COMPOSITIONS TECHNICAL FIELD This invention relates to tooth compositions such as toothpastes, which provide improved oral cleansing.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Amorphously produced synthetic silicas an important role as an ingredient in many of the current toothpaste formulations. In addition to their cleaning ability, they are also relatively safe, non-toxic, and compatible with other ingredients of toothpaste, including glycerin, sorbitol (or xylitol), thickening agents, detergents, coloring materials and fragrances, and optionally, compositions that They contain fluoride. The synthetic precipitated silicas are prepared by mixing dilute solutions of alkali silicate with aqueous strong mineral acids under conditions where aggregation to the sun and gel can not occur, stirring and then filtering the precipitated silica. Then, the resulting precipitate is washed, dried and crushed to the desired size. Silica gels include silica hydrogels, hydrated gels, Aerogels and xerogels. The ice gels are also formed by reacting alkali silicate solutions with strong acids to form a hydrosol and allowing the newly formed hydrosol to stand to form the hydrogel. The hydrogel is then washed, dried and triturated as described above. When preparing synthetic silicas, the goal is to obtain silicas that provide cleanup with minimal damage to the oral tissue. Researchers in the dental area are continually interested in the identification of precipitated silicas that meet these objectives. Examples of precipitated silicas described in the art include U.S. Pat. 4,122,161, for Lason, October 24, 1978, Patent of the U.S.A. 4,992,251 and 5,035,879 for Aldcroft et al., February 12, 1991 and Dulio, 1991 respectively, Patent of the U.S.A. 5,098,695 for Newton et al., March 24, 1992 and U.S. Pat. 5,279,815 to Uason et al., January 18, 1994. Sirmly, silica gels have also been described in the art, as evidenced by US Pat. 4,303,641, December 1, 1981, for DeWolf, II et al., U.S. Pat. 4,153,680 May 8, 1979, for Seybert and U.S. Pat. 3,538,230, November 3, 1970 for Pader and others. In addition, different combinations of silicas have been described in the art. Silica combinations are described which include compositions of different particle sizes and surface areris specific in the U.S. Patent. Do not. 3,577,521 to Karlheinz Scheller et al., May 4, 1971 and the U.S. Patent. No. 4,618,488 for Maeyarna et al., Dated October 21, 1986, respectively. Similarly, the U.S. Patent. No. 5,110,574 to Rinhartd et al., May 5, 1992, describes the combination of precipitated thickener silicas and polishers to form silica compositions having oil absorption values of at least 200. Additional examples of silica combinations include the US Patent No. 5,124,143 to Muhlernann, July 23, 1992 and the U.S. Patent. No. 4,632,826 to Ploger et al., December 30, 1986. While the prior art discloses a variety of useful silica compositions as tooth cleaning abrasives, there is still a need for additional compositions that provide improved cleaning with minimal abrasion. The inventors of the present invention have discovered amorphous silica abrasive compositions comprising precipitated silicas and gel, which provide improved tooth cleaning with minimal abrasion. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide precipitated silica and silica gel compositions that produce improved film cleaning without a corresponding increase in abrasion of dentin or enamel. Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for the prevention or removal of dental stains. Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for the prevention or removal of ue. These and other objects will become readily apparent from the description that follows.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to amorphous silica abrasive compositions comprising: a) a precipitated silica comprising particles wherein said particles have: i) an average particle size of about 5 to about 11 microns (d.e. <); n) an Einlehner hardness - from about 0.8 to about 2.5 for bronze screen abrasive and from about 5 to about 8 for polyester screen abrasive; LII) an oil absorption of about 95 rnl / lOOg to about 135 rnl / 100 g; and v) a radioactive dentine abrasion of from about 25 to about 90; and b) a silica gel, comprising particles, said particles having: i) a mean particle size of about 5 to about 11 microns (d.e. < 9); n) an Einlehner hardness of from about 3 to about 15 for bronze screen abrasive and from about 8 to about 20 for polyester screen abrasive; m) an oil absorption of about 60 rnl / 100 g to about 130 rnl / 100 g; and iv) a radioactive dentine abrasion of from about 80 to about 200; wherein at least about 70% of all these particles have a diameter of less than about 25 microns, and wherein the film cleaning ratio is from about 90 to about 135 and the abrasion of radioactive dentin is about 60 to about 100, with a radioactive dentin film / abrasion cleaning ratio ratio, of about 1.20 to about 1.60, and wherein the ratio of silica precipitated to silica gel is from about 90:10 to about 60:40, respectively . All levels and proportions are by weight of the total composition, unless otherwise indicated. Additionally, all measurements were made at 25 ° C, unless otherwise specified. The pH of the compositions prepared in the present ranges from about 4 to about 9.5, with the preferred pH being from about 6.5 to about 9.0, and the preferred pH is from 7.0 to about 8.5, measured in a 5% aqueous suspension.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION By "safe and effective amount", as used herein, is meant an amount sufficient to reduce spots and / or plaque / gingivitis without damaging the tissues and structures of the oral cavity. By the term "orally acceptable vehicle", as used herein, a suitable vehicle is indicated that can be used to apply the present compositions to the oral cavity safely and effectively. The essential components, as well as the optional components of the compositions of the present invention are described in the following paragraphs. Abrasive The amorphous silicas used to form the precipitated silica and silica gel combinations of the present invention can be characterized either as silicas of lower structure or medium structure in accordance with the definitions indicated in 3. Soc.Cosrnet. Chern. 29., 497-521 (August, 1978) and Pigment Handbook: Volume 1 Properties and Econornics, Second Edition, Edited by Peter A. Lewis, Dohn Uilwy & Sons, Inc., 1988, p. 139-159, and are preferably characterized as synthetic hydrated and synthetic silicas, also known as silicon dioxide or S? 02. In addition, these silicas may be characterized in that they have a BET surface area in the range of 50 to 250 rn2 / g and that they contain less than about 10%, preferably less than about 5% alumina. The amorphous silica blends of the present invention can be characterized in that they have an average particle size ranging from about 5 microns to about 11 microns with at least 70% of the particle size distribution with less than 20 microns. Average particle size (mean and median value or 50%) is measured using a Microtrac II device, Leeds and Northrup. Specifically, a laser beam is projected through a transparent cell containing a stream of mobile particles suspended in a liquid. The rays of light that collide with the particles are scattered through angles that are inversely proportional to their sizes. The photodetector arrangement measures the amount of light at different predetermined angles. Electrical signals proportional to the measured light flux values are then processed by means of a computer system to form a multiple channel histogram of the particle size distribution. The amorphous precipitated silica and silica gel used to form the combinatorial compositions of the present invention are also characterized by their respective Einlehner-hardness values, radioactive dentin abrasion (ADR) values and oil absorption values. The Einlehner hardness values are measured using an Einlehner-1000 Abrader to measure the smoothness of the silicas in the following manner: a Fourdrimer wire screen is weighed and exposed to the action of a 10% aqueous silica suspension. during a certain period. The amount of abrasion as weight loss in milligrams is then determined in the Fourdrinier wire screen per 100,000 revolutions. The results of Brass Einlehner (BE) and Polyester Einlehner (PE) are expressed in milligrams. The ADR values were determined in accordance with the method indicated by Hefferren, Journal of Dental Research, July-August 1976, p. 563-573, and described in U.S. Pat. 4,340,583, 4,420,312 and 4,421,527, this publication and patent are incorporated in the foregoing reference. The amorphous silica blends are preferably characterized in that they have oil absorption values of less than 200 cc / 100 g. The oil absorption values are measured using the erase method ASTM D281. The surface area is determined by the BET nitrogen adsorption method of Brunaur et al., J. Arn. Chern. Soc, 60, 309 (1938). To measure the brightness, powder materials are compressed into a smooth surface pellet and evaluated using a Techmdyne Brightirneter S-5 / BC. This instrument has a double beam optical system where the sample is illuminated at an angle of 45 ° and the reflected light is observed at 0o. It is in accordance with the TAPPT test methods T452 and T646, and ASTM Standard D985. A series of filters direct the reflected light of desired wavelengths towards a photocell where it is converted into an output voltage. This signal is amplified and then processed by means of an internal microcomputer to be displayed and printed. Precipitated silica suspensions were prepared in accordance with the general methods described for example in the above-mentioned U.S. Patents. 3,893,840, issued July 8, 1975, for Wason, 3,988,162, issued October 26, 1976, for Ulason, 4,067,746, issued January 10, 1978, for Uason; and 4,340,583, issued July 29, 1982, for Uason, all of which are incorporated herein by varying the reaction parameters to form precipitated silicas having BE values on the scale from about 0.8 rng to about 2.5 rng and value is PE on the scale of about 5 rngs to about 8 rnns, an ADR ranging from about 25 to about 90, and an oil absorption of about 95 rnl / 100g to about 135nl / 100g. Reaction parameters that affect the characteristics of the resulting silica include: the rate at which the different reagents are added; the concentration levels of the different reagents; the pH of the reaction; the reaction temperature or the speed at which the electrolytes are added. The suspension formed is subsequently filtered, followed by washing and drying the filtered precipitate. The resulting precipitated silica is then milled to a particle size in which 70% of the particle size distribution is below 20 microns. In a separate process, gel silicas were prepared according to the general methods described, for example, in the above US Patent: 4,153,680, to Seybert, issued May 8, 1979; 4,303,641, for DeWolf II et al., Issued December 1, 1981 and 4,632,826, for Ploger et al., Issued December 30, 1986, varying the reaction parameters to form gel silicas having BE values in the scale of approximately 3 rng to about 15 rng and PE values in the range of 8 rng to about 20 mg, an ADR ranging from about 80 to about 200, and an oil absorption of about 130 rnl / 100 g to about 60 rnl / 100 g. Once formed, the silica gel is milled particle size in which 70% of the particle size distribution is below 20 microns. The precipitated and gel silicas are combined (for example by physical mixing) to form the amorphous silica compositions of the present invention. The resulting amorphous silica composition can then be incorporated into suitable dentifrice compositions. In addition to the essential components described above, the dentifrice compositions of the present invention may contain a variety of optional tooth ingredients, some of which are described below. Optional ingredients include, but are not limited to, adhesives, spreading agents, flavoring agents, sweetening agents, additional antiplaque agents, abrasives, and coloring agents. These and other optional components are further described in U.S. Pat. 5,004,597, April 2 of 1991 for Majeti; Patent of the U.S.A. 4,885,155, December 5, 1989 for Parran, Jr. and others; Patent of the U.S.A. 3,959,458, May 25, 1976 for Agricultural and others and U.S. Pat. 3,937,807, February 10, 1976 for Haefele, all incorporated herein by reference. The film cleaning ratio (RLP) of the silica composition of the invention, which is a measure of the cleaning characteristics of a dentifrice, ranges from 90 to 135 and preferably from 100 to 130 for the amorphous silica combination of the invention. The Radioactive Dentine Abrasion (ADR) of the silicas of the invention, which is a measure of the abrasiveness of the precipitated silica combination, when incorporated into a dentifrice, ranges from 60 to 100, preferably from 80 to 90. The values of RLP cleaning (Film Cleaning Ratio) were determined by means of a slightly modified version of the RLP test described in "In Vitro removal of Stam Uit h Dentifrice" GK Stookey, TA Bur hard and B. R. Schernerhorn, J. Dental Research, 61, 1236-9, 1982. Cleaning was determined in vitro by using the modified film cleaning ratio test. This test is identical to that described by Stool-ey and others, with the following modifications: 1) a clear artificial thin film was applied to portions of bovine before application of the stained film, 2) heating of the solution was used instead of radiation heating during the application of the film, 3) the number of brush strokes was reduced to 200 strokes and 4) the concentration of the suspension is 1 part of toothpaste for 3 parts of water. The amorphous silica blends of the present invention, when incorporated into a dentifrice composition, also provide an improved RLP / ADR ratio. The RLP / ADR ratio is used to determine the relative proportion of cleaning and abrasion characteristics of a dentifrice formulation. The commercially available dentifrice formulations have an RLP / ADR ratio on the scale of 0.5 to less than 1.0. The amorphous silicas used in the compositions of the present invention provide RLP to ADR ratios for dentifrice formulations of more than 1, usually in the range of 1.20 to 1.60, but preferably in the range of 1.25 to 1.50. The abrasive in the form of precipitated silica and silica gel compositions of the present invention, when incorporated into the compositions described herein, is at a level of about BX to about 70%, preferably about 15%. % to approximately 35% when the toothpaste is a toothpaste. Higher levels can be used, as high as 95%, if the composition is a dental powder.

OPTIONAL COMPONENTS Pharmaceutically Acceptable Vehicle The vehicle for the components of these compositions can be any dentifrice vehicle suitable for use in the oral cavity. These vehicles include the usual components of toothpastes, tooth powders, prophylaxis pastes, lozenges, gums and the like and are described in detail below. The toothpastes are the preferred systems. Surfactants One of the preferred optional agents of the present invention is a surfactant, preferably one selected from the group consisting of sarcosmate surfactants, ethionate surfactants and taurate surfactants. It is preferred to use the alkali metal or ammonium salts of these surfactants herein. Most preferred herein are the sodium and potassium salts of the following: lauroyl sarcosinate, rniristoyl sarcosmate, palrnitoyl sarcosmate, stearoyl sarcosinate and oleoyl sarcosinate. This surfactant may be present in the compositions of the present invention at from about 0.1% to about 2.5%, preferably from about 0.3% to about 2.5% and preferably from about 0.5% to about 2.0% by weight of the composition total. Other suitable compatible surfactants may optionally be used together with the sarcosinate surfactant in the compositions of the present invention. Suitable optional surfactants are described in more detail in U.S. Pat. 3,959,458, May 25, 1976 for Agrícola et al .; Patent of the U.S.A. 3,937,807, February 10, 1976 for Haefele; and U.S. Pat. 4,051,234, September 27, 1988 for Gieske et al. These Patents are incorporated herein by reference. Preferred ammonium surfactants useful herein include the water soluble salts of alkylsulphates having from 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and the water soluble salts of sulfonated monoglycerides of fatty acids having from 10 to 18 atoms. of carbon. Sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium cocomonoglyceride sulphonates are examples of ammonium surfactants of this type. Mixtures of ammonium surfactants can also be used. The preferred cationic surfactants useful in the present invention can be broadly defined as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium compounds having a long alkyl chain containing from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms, such as lauryl-phenyl-arnonium chloride; cetipipidinium chloride; cetylpyridi or bromide; cetyltrirnetila onium bromide; di-ε-butylphenoxyethyl-dirnethylbenzyl cinnamonium chloride; cocoalkyltrimethylammonium nitrite; acetyipyridyl fluoride; etc. Preferred compounds are the quaternary ammonium fluorides described in U.S. Pat. 3,535,421, October 20, 1970 for Bpner et al., Incorporated herein by reference, wherein said quaternary ammonium fluorides have detergent properties. Certain cationic surfactants may also act as germicides in the compositions described herein. The cationic surfactants such as chlorhexadine, although suitable for use in the present invention, are not prieferented because of their ability to stain the hard tissues of the oral cavity. Those skilled in the art are aware of this possibility and should only incorporate cationic surfactants, taking this limitation into account. Preferred nonionic surfactants that can be used in the compositions of the present invention can be defined in general terms as compounds produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound which may be aliphatic or alkylamic in nature . Examples of suitable nonionic surfactants include Piuromcs, condensates of polyethylene oxide of alkylphenols, products derived from the condensation of ethylene oxide with the reaction product of propylene oxide and ethylenediarnine, condensates of ethylene oxide of aliphatic alcohols, long chain tertiary amine oxides, phosphine oxides long chain tertiary, long chain dialkylsultóxidos and mixtures of these materials. The preferred zwitterionic synthetic surfactants useful in the present invention can be described in general terms as derivatives of aliphatic quaternary ammonium compounds, phosphome and sulfone, in which the aliphatic radicals can be straight or branched chain, and wherein One of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to 18 carbon atoms and one contains an ammonium group solubilizing in water, for example carboxyl, snate, ste, phosphate or phosphonate. Preferred betaine surfactants are described in the U.S. Patent. 5,180,577 to Polefka et al., Issued January 19, 1993. Typical alkyldirnethylbetaines include decylbetaine or 2-N-dec? -N, N-dirnethiiammonium acetate, cocobetaine or 2-N-coc-N, N- acetate dimetia onio, mipsti lbetaina, palrnitiibetama, laurilbetama, cetylbetaine, stearylbetamine, etc. The arninobetaines are exemplified by cocoanidoethylbetaine, cocoarnidopropyl betaine, laurilarnidopr-opylbetaine and the like. The betaines of choice are preferably cocoarnidopropyl ane and, and preferably, lauranidopropylbet. Chelating Agents Another optional preferred agent is a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of tartaric acid and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, citric acid and alkaline metal citrates and mixtures thereof. Chelating agents are able to complex with the calcium found in the cell walls of bacteria. Chelating agents can also break the plaque by removing calcium from the calcium bridges that help sustain this intact bionase. However, it is possible to use a chelating agent that has an affinity for calcium that is too high. This causes dentinization of the teeth and is contrary to the objects and intentions of the present invention. Sodium and potassium citrate are the preferred alkaline metal citrates, with sodium citrate being preferred. A combination of citric acid / alkaline metal citrate is also produced. Preferred herein are the alkaline metal salts of tartaric acid. Very preferred for use herein are disodium tartrate, dipotassium tartrate, sodium and potassium tartrate, sodium acid tartrate and potassium acid tartrate. The amounts of chelating agent suitable for use in the present invention are from about 0.1% to about 2.5%, preferably from about 0.5% to about 2.5%, and preferably from about 1.0% to about 2.5%.

The tartaric acid salt chelating agent can be used alone or in combination with other optional chelating agents. Other optional chelating agents can be used. Preferably, these chelating agents have a calcium binding constant of about 10 * to 105 and provide improved cleaning with reduced plate and stone formation. Another group of agents suitable for use as chelating agents in the present invention are soluble pyrophosphates. The pyrophosphate salts used in the present compositions can be any of the alkali metal pyrophosphate salts. Specific salts include alkaline metal tetrapyrrophosphate, diacid alkaline dirnetal pyrophosphate, alkaline trirnetal rnonoacid pyrophosphate, and mixtures thereof, wherein the alkali metals are preferably sodium or potassium. The salts are useful in both their hydrated and non-hydrated forms. An effective amount of useful pyrophos salt in the present composition is generally sufficient to provide at least 1.0% pyrophosphate ion, preferably from about 1.5% to about 6%, preferably from about 3.5% to about 6% of these ions . It is to be appreciated that the level of pyrophosphate ions that can be supplied to the composition (i.e., the amount rich at an appropriate pH) and that pyrophosphate forms other than P2O7- * (e.g., HP207-3) can be - present when a final pH of the product is established. The pyrophosphate salts are described in more detail in Kirk & Othrner, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Second Edition, Volume 15, Interscience Publishers (1968), incorporated herein by reference. Another possible group of chelating agents suitable for use in the present invention are polyalkylene ammonium polymers. These materials are well known in the art; they are used in the form of their free acids or as ammonium or alkaline salts (eg, potassium and preferably sodium) soluble in water and partially or, preferably, completely neutralized. Copolymers 1: 4 to 4: 1 of anhydride or rnalideic acid are preferred with another ethylene-unsaturated polyrneable monomer, preferably netyl-vinyl ether (methoxyet-filled) having a molecular weight (MW) of about 30,000 to about 1,000,000. These copolymers are available, for example, as Gantrez AN 139 (P.M. 500,000), AN 119 (P.M. 250,000) and preferably S-97 Pharmaceutical Grade (P.M. 70,000), from GAF Chemicals Corporation. Other operating polycarboxylic polycarboxylates include those such as 1: 1 copolymers of rnaleic anhydride with ethyl acrylate, hydroxyethane platelet, N-viml 2 -rolyne, or full, available, for example, as Monsanto EMA No 1103, PM 10,000 and EMA Grade Gl, and 1: 1 copolymers of acrylic acid with methyl or hydroxyethylmethacrylate, methyl or ethyl acrylate, vinyl oleylbutyl ether or N-v? N? L-2-pyrrolidone. Additional operative polyrnery polycarboxylates are described in U.S. Pat. 4,138,477, February 06, 1979 for Gaffar and Patent of E.U.A. 4,183,914, January 15, 1980 to Gaffar et al., Both patents are incorporated herein by reference and include copolymers of rnaleic anhydride with styrene, isobutylene or ethyl vinyl ether, polyacrylic, polutaconic and polyrnaleic acids, and sulfoacrylic oligorneros of P.M. as low as 1,000, available as Uní royal ND-2. Saponating agents can also be added to the dentifrice compositions. Suitable flavoring agents include pyroxy oil, peppermint oil, peppermint oil, sassafras oil and clove oil. Sweetening agents that can be used include aspartame, acesulfarne, saccharin, dextrose, levulose, and sodium cyclamate. Flavoring and sweetening agents are generally used in dentiferous plants at levels of about 0.005% to about 2% in peeo. It is common to have an additional water-soluble fluoride compound present in dentrificos and other oral compositions in an amount sufficient to give an γ-luoride ion concentration in the composition at 25 ° C, and / or when used, of about 0.0025% at about 5.0% by weight, preferably from about 0.005% to about 2.0% by weight, to provide additional effective effectiveness. A wide variety of fluoride ion producing materials can be employed as the sources of soluble fluoride in the present compositions. Examples of suitable fluoride ion producing materials are found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,535,421, October 20, 1970 to Briner et al., And U.S. Pat. No. 3,678,154, July 18, 1972 to Uidder et al., Both are incorporated herein by reference. Representative fluoride ion sources include: stannous fluoride, sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphate, and many others. Particularly preferred are stannous fluoride and sodium fluoride, as well as mixtures of the same. Water is also present in the toothpastes of this invention. The water used in the preparation of suitable dental pastes should be preferably deionized and free of organic impurities. The water generally comprises from about 10% to 50%, preferably from about 20% to 40%, by weight of the toothpaste compositions herein. These amounts of water include the free water that is added plus that which is produced with other materials such as sorbitol. When preparing toothpastes, it is necessary to add some thickening material to provide the desired consistency. Preferred thickening agents are polymers of carboxycarbon, carrageenan, hydroxyethylethylcellulose and water-soluble salts of cellulose teres such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and sodium carboxymethylhydroxyethyl cellulose. You can also use natural gums such as karaya gum, go to xanthan, gum arabic and gum tragacanth. Thickening agents may be used in an amount of 0.5% to 5.0% by weight of the total composition. It is also convenient to include some moisturizing material in a toothpaste to preserve it from hardening. Suitable humectants include glycepine, sorbitol and other edible polyhydric alcohols at a level of from about 15% to about 70%. It is also convenient to include in the compositions of the present invention other stannous salts such as stannous pyrophosphate and stannous giuconate and anti-microbials such as quaternary ammonium salts., such as cetylpyridimium chloride and tetradecylethylpyridimide chloride, salts of bis-biguanide, copper bisglycomate, non-limean antirnicrobial salts and flavoring oils. These agents are described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,946,725, July 26, 1960, for Norps et al. And US Pat. No. 4,051,234, September 27, 1977 for Giesl-e et al., Incorporated herein by reference. Other optional components include pH regulating agents, carbonates, peroxides, nitrate salts such as sodium and potassium nitrate. These agents, which are present, are included at levels from about 0.01% to about 30%. Other useful carriers include biphasic dentifrice formulations such as those described in U.S. Pat. 5,213.70, issued May 23, 1993, 5,145,666, issued September 8, 1992, and 5,281,410 issued January 25, 1994, all for Lukacovic et al., And in US Patents. 4,849,213 and 4,528,180 for Schaeffer, the descriptions of which are incorporated herein by reference. Suitable chewing gum and tablet components are disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,083,955, April 11, 1978 to Grabenstettrer et al., Incorporated herein by reference.

EXAMPLES The following examples further describe and demonstrate the preferred embodiments within the scope of the present invention. The examples are given for illustration only and are not intended as limitations of this invention, since many variations of the ism are possible without departing from their spirit and scope. 2 k EXAMPLE I A dentifrice composition of the present invention contains the following components as described below.

Component 2 wt Sorbitol Solution 70% 24.200 RO Water 24,757 Glycerin 7.000 Carboxirnetilcelulosai 0.500 PEG 6 4.000 Sodium Fluoride 0.243 Sodium Saccharin 0.130 Phosphate nonosodio 0.415 trisodium phosphate 0.395 Sodium tartrate 1000 T1O2 0500 Silicas 35,000 sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (95% active) 1,060 Taste 0.800 1 Supplied by Aqualon Cornpany. 2 The amorphous silica ingredient has the following characteristics: average value APS = 8.3 microns; oil absorption = 108 cc / lOOg, BE = 2.6; PE = 9; PCR-118; RDA = 00 The jacket temperature of a mixing tank was set from about 65 ° C to about 71 ° C. Wetting agents and water are added to the mixing tank and stirring is started. When the temperature reached approximately 50 ° C, fluoride, sweetening agents, pH regulating agents, chelator, coloring agents and titanium dioxide were added. Thickening agents were added to the abrasive and the resulting mixture was added to the mixing tank with high agitation. The surfactant was added to the combination and continued to mix. The tank was cooled to 50 ° C and flavoring agents were added. Mixing was continued for approximately 5 minutes. The resulting composition has a pH of about 7.

EXAMPLE II A dentifrice composition of the present invention contains the following components as described below.

Component% by weight 70% sorbito tol l ion 29. 810 Water RO 24. 757 Gl i cer'ina 7 .. 000 Carbox irnetilcel ul osai 0. 750 PEG 6 4. 000 Sodium fluoride 0.243 Sodium saccharine 0.130 Rnonosodium phosphate 0. 415 Tri-sodium phosphate 0.395 T1O2 0. 500 Silicas 30,000 Sodium lauryl sulfate 1,200 Taste 0.800 i Supplied by Aqualon Cornpany The amorphous silica ingredient has the following characteristics: average value APS = 8.3 microns; oil absorption - 108 cc / lOOg; BE = 2.6; PE = 9; PCR = 118; RDA = 80.

EXAMPLE III A rubber composition of the present invention contains the following components *, as described below.

Component Weight% Gum Base 30.000 30 parts of ester gum * 45 parts resin 15 parts Cournorone l dry silica tex * 10.000 Sugar 40.000 Corn Syrup 18.175 Lauroi 1 sarcosinate 0.075 Flavor 0.250 Sodium Tartrate 1.500 The amorphous silica ingredient has the following characteristics: average value APS - 8.2 microns; oil absorption = 106 cc / lOOg; BE = 3.3; PE = 10

Claims

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. An amorphous silica abrasive composition comprising: a) a precipitated silica comprising particles, and these particles have: i) an average particle size of from about 5 to about 11 microns (d.e. < 9); n) an Einlehner hardness of from about 0.8 to about 2.5 for bronze screen abrasive and from about 5 to about 8 for polyester screen abrasive; m) an oil absorption of about 95 rnl / lOOg to about 135 ml / 100 g; and v) a radioactive dentine abrasion of from about 25 to about 90; and b) a silica gel, comprising particles, said particles having: i) a mean particle size of about 5 to about 11 microns (d.e. < 9); n) an Einlehner hardness of from about 3 to about 15 for bronze screen abrasive and from about 8 to about 20 for polyester screen abrasive; m) an oil absorption of about 60 rnl / 100 g to about 130 rnl / 100 g; and v) a radioactive dentine abrasion of from about 80 to about 200; wherein at least about 70% of all these particles have a diameter of less than about 25 microns, and wherein the film cleaning ratio is from about 90 to about 135 and the abrasion of radioactive dentin is approximately </ i> 60 to about 100, with a ratio of radioactive dentin film / abrasion cleaning ratio, of from about 1.20 to about 1.60, and wherein the ratio of silica precipitated to silica gel is from about 90:10 to about 60: 40, respectively.

2. An amorphous silica abrasive composition according to claim 1, further characterized in that the film cleaning ratio is from about 90 to about 135, the abrasion of radioactive enamel is from about 2.5 to about 5, and in wherein the radioactive enamel abrasion / film cleaning ratio ratio of said amorphous silica abrasive composition is greater than about 30.

3. An amorphous silica abrasive composition according to claim 2, further characterized in that the of said silicas is from about 80:20 to about 35:65.

4. A amorphous silica abrasive composition according to claim 3, further characterized in that the film cleaning ratio is from about 110 to about 13

5. 5. An amorphous silica abrasive composition in accordance with claim 4, further characterized in that the abrasion of radioactive dentin is from about 65 to about 85.

6. An amorphous silica abrasive composition according to claim 5, further characterized in that the ratio of film cleaning ratio. / abrasion of radioactive dentin of said abrasive is from about 1.60 to about 1.75.

7. An amorphous silica abrasive composition according to claim 6, further characterized in that the abrasion of radioactive enamel is from about 2.5 to about 3.5.

8. An amorphous silica abrasive composition according to claim 7, further characterized in that the radioactive enamel film / abrasion cleaning ratio ratio of said abrasive is from about 35 to about 44.

9. A dentifrice composition that comprises, a) from about 0.1% to about 99% of an amorphous silica abrasive composition comprising: a) a precipitated silica comprising particles, and these particles have: i) an average particle size of about 5 to about 11 microns (from < 9); n) an Einlehner hardness of about 0.8 to about 2.5 for bronze screen abrasive and from about 5 to about 8 for abrasive pair for polyester screen; m) an oil absorption of about 95 rnl / lOOg to about 135 rnl / 100 g; and i) a radioactive dentine abrasion of from about 25 to about 90; and b) a silica gel, comprising particles, said particles having: i) a mean particle size of about 5 to about 11 microns (d.e. < 9); n) an Einlehner hardness of from about 3 to about 15 for bronze screen abrasive and from about 8 to about 20 for polyester screen abrasive; m) an oil composition of about 130 rnl / 100 g to about 60 rnl / 100 g; and v) a radioactive dentine abrasion of from about 80 to about 200; wherein at least about 70% of these particles have a diameter of less than about 25 microns, and wherein the film cleaning ratio is from about 90 to about 135 and the abrasion of radioactive dentin is from about 60 to about 100 , with a radioactive dentin film / abrasion cleaning ratio ratio, from about 1.20 to about 1.60, and wherein the ratio of silica precipitated to silica gel is from about 90:10 to about 60:40, respectively, and ) from about 0.1% to about 99% of an orally acceptable dentifrice vehicle.

10. A dentifrice composition according to claim 9, further characterized in that said composition comprises a source of fluoride ion wherein the fluoride ion source is selected from the group consisting of sodium fluoride, stannous fluoride, sodium monofluorophosphide, potassium fluoride and mixtures thereof.

11. A dentifrice composition according to claim 10, further characterized in that it comprises a surfactant selected from the group consisting of sarcosmate surfactants, isethionate surfactants and taurate surfactants.

12. A dentifrice composition according to claim 11, further characterized in that it comprises from about 0.1% to about 2.5% of a chelating agent selected from the group consisting of tartaric acid and pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the same, citric acid and citrates of alkaline metal and mixtures thereof.

13. A dentifrice composition according to claim 12, further characterized in that said composition has a pH of more than about 7, and wherein the surfactant is selected from the group consisting of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, sodium decyl sarcosinate, rnipstylearcosinate sodium, sodium bisarcosinate, sodium palitositoarcosinate, sodium oleoylsarcosinate and mixtures of the same.

14. A dentifrice composition according to claim 13, further characterized in that it comprises from about 15% to about 70% of a humectant selected from the group consisting of glycepne, sorbitol, propylene glycol and mixtures of the same.

15. A dentifrice composition according to claim 14, further characterized in that the surfactant is a combination of sodium lauroyl sarcosmate and cocoarnidopropylbetaine, and the chelating agent is a combination of tart-rich acid and sodium tartrate.

16. A tooth composition according to claim 15, in the form of a toothpaste, dental powder, prophylaxis paste, lozenge, gum or oral gel.

17. A method for reducing spots and / or plaque and gingivitis comprising the application of a safe and effective amount of a composition according to claim 11, to teeth and other oral surfaces.

18. A method for reducing spots and / or plaque and gingivitis comprising the application of a safe and effective amount of a composition according to claim 14, to the teeth and other oral surfaces.