MXPA97004146A - Conical shredder that has members of crushing of a single pi - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a crusher for pulverizing minerals, characterized in that it comprises: a main support member for securing the crusher to the base, a base plate fixed to the main support member, an internal crushing member, usually configured conically and extending downwards, supported on a base plate, an external crushing member generally frustoconically configured and extending downwards, supported on said main support member in a spaced relation to said inner crushing member configured conically, so that the material passing between said inner crushing member and said outer crushing member is crushed, and at least either said inner trituation member or said outer crushing member is made from a single foot

Description

CONICAL CRUSHER THAT HAS MEMBERS OF SHREDDING ONE SINGLE PIECE FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates generally to a conical crusher. More particularly, the present invention relates to a rock crusher of simplified construction and superior operational efficiency. The rock crusher can be used for reduction in small length size, easy to crush materials such as rocks and minerals, and for shaping operations of the configurator and light duty type.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Conical shredders that have head assemblies that are rotated by an eccentric mechanism, driven by various rotating power forces, are commonly available and have been the subject of numerous prior patents. A conical crusher typically has an annular shell and a central hub to which an annular ring is mounted for vertical movement. The cup and the coating of the crushed one are mounted on the annular ring. The head assembly includes a liner that is assembled, for s? movement through a bearing mechanism, directly to the stationary shaft inside the hub. The rotation of the head relative to the cup assembly is provided by an eccentric mounted for its movement around the stationary shaft. With respect to the rotation around the shaft, the eccentric is dynamically balled around its center of rotation by a counterweight. The cup of the shredder is provided with a replaceable top liner and the head member is provided with a replaceable cover. Alternatively, another type of conical crusher may include a tree that is moved by the hydraulic piston arrangement attached to the lower end of the shaft. The lining of the cup can be fixed to an external concentric fixed frame. In both types of cone crushers, the space between the cup liner and the crusher head can be manipulated to provide crushed product of particular size. These two types of rock crushers have proved to be very successful in heavy-duty crushing operations, particularly when grinding surfaces acting together, which are subject to wear, are provided with replaceable coatings to prolong the life of the crusher. the crusher. However, for certain crushing and shaping operations, a less robust crusher of simpler construction, lighter weight and greater operational efficiency is desirable. For example, it is not necessary to use a heavy-duty shredder, such as those disclosed in the aforementioned patents, for small-sized, easy-to-grind rocks and minerals such as coal and non-metallic minerals, and for configurator-type grinding applications. and light work. Therefore, there is a need for a rock crusher that does not use massive support structures. In addition, there is the economic need for a lightweight shredder that can be easily adjusted to shred various sizes of shredded materials. There is also a need for a shredder for light work that requires only one sheath, crushing head or inner one piece shredding member.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a crusher mounted on a base. The crusher includes a main support member for securing the base, a lower plate fixed to the main support member, a one-piece internal crushing member, generally conically shaped and extending downward, supported on said lower plate , and an outer crushing member, generally frustoconically configured and extending downwardly, supported on said main support member in a spaced relation to said conically shaped internal crushing member. The inner and outer crusher members are separated so that the material passing between the inner crushing member and the outer crushing member is ground. The present invention further relates to an internal one-piece grinding member for use in a shredder that includes an oscillating mechanism, a plate, a support member and an external crushing member usually conically configured. The outer crushing member is supported by the main support member. The main support member includes an outer flange, the oscillating mechanism is located within the outer flange of the main member "supports and provides an oscillating movement with respect to the main support member and the outer crushing member. The plate is secured to the oscillating mechanism and receives oscillating movement. The material is fed between the outer crushing member and the inner crushing member to be crushed. The inner one-piece grinding member includes an external crushing wall, generally conically shaped and extending downwardly. The wall has an upper end and a lower end. The lower end of the wall is configured to be coupled with the plate. The present invention also relates to a crusher mounted on its base. The crusher includes a main support member, an oscillating mechanism, a one-piece, conically shaped, downwardly extending, internally shredding member, and a frustoconically shaped, one-piece, exterior crushing member. The main support member has at least one opening. The shredding mechanism is disposed within the opening. The internal grinding member is coupled to the oscillating and so-called "Jo" mechanism by the main support member. The inner crushing member has an inner surface and an outer surface. The outer surface is a crushing surface of the crusher. The present invention further relates to a crusher for pulverizing minerals, characterized by a main support member for securing the crusher to the base; a base plate fixed to the main support member, - an interior crushing member generally conically configured and extending downward, supported on the base plate; an outer crushing member, generally frustoconically configured and extending downward, supported on the main support member in a spaced relationship to said internally conical grinding member so as to crush the material passing between the inner member oe crushing and the outer crushing member; and at least either the inner crushing member or the outer crushing member is made in one piece. The present invention also relates to a crusher mounted on a base. The shredder also includes a main support member for securing the base, an interior crushing member, generally conically configured and extending downward, supported within the main support member, and an external crushing member usually configured frustoconically and which extends downwards. The outer crushing member is supported on an annular flange of the main support member in a spaced relation to the inner conical member configured conically so that the material passing between the inner crushing member and the outer crushing member is crushed. In an exemplary aspect of the present invention, an internal one-piece grinding member is mounted on a plate within an opening of a main frame. The internal one-piece grinding member serves as a shredding head and sheath and includes the lower and outer surfaces. The outer surface serves as a grinding surface and the inner surface generally surrounds a rod that is fixed to a plate. The lower end of the inner crushing member is configured to receive the plate. The present invention also relates to an inner, conical, downwardly extending, conical shaped grinding member which is supported on a lower plate which is secured to an upper surface of the upper member of the oscillating mechanism. An outer crushing member configured frustoconically and extending downwardly is a single piece and is supported in a fixed position surrounding the inner crushing member. The oscillating mechanism, and therefore the internal crushing member, is supported so that it is vertically adjustable with respect to the base of the crusher. By adjusting the vertical position of the internal crushing member, its position is adjusted with respect to the outer crushing member. In a preferred embodiment, the internal crushing member is supported in an adjustable manner on the base of the crusher by means of an assembly of pneumatic bellows. By regulating the air pressure in the pneumatic bellows, the relative height of the inner member can be adjusted to the crusher base.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a perspective view of a conical crusher constructed in accordance with this invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the conical crusher of this invention as shown in Figure 1; Figure 2a is a partial cross-sectional view of an alternate construction for a portion of the conical crusher as shown in Figure 2; Figure 3 is an enlarged vieta in cross-section of the support and driving mechanism for inner crushing member of the conical crusher of this invention as shown in Figure 1; Figure 4 is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the outer crushing member of the conical crusher shown in Figure 1, which is provided with a rib cage; and Figure 5 is a prespective view of a supporting rib cage for the internal crushing member of the crusher shown in Figure 1.

PET-ALLADA DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITY Referring to Figures 1 and 2, there is shown a crushing system or a conical crusher 10 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention supported on the base columns 12. The crusher is assembled on a main support member or lower plate 14. The lower plate 14 is secured to the base columns 12 with fixing means such as the bolts 16. Although the crusher supported on the columns 12 is shown, it can be supported in any other suitable manner, such as on a cylindrical base. which has an opening in it for the removal of the crushed material and the maintenance of the crusher. The crusher includes an outer crushing member 18, frustoconically configured and extending downward, and an internal crushing member 20, conically shaped and extending downwardly. The inner crushing member 20, commonly referred to as a sheath, is supported along its lower edge on a lower plate 22. The lower plate 22 can include a retaining member or retaining ring 21 to help secure the member 20. A hole 24 is provided at the apex of the grinding member 20 through which a securing device 26 passes in the form of a rod which is secured at its lower end to the base plate 22 and is provided with a portion. threaded 28 at its upper end. A nut-shaped fastener 30 engages the threaded portion 28 and presses on the upper edge of the grinding member 20 to secure it to the lower plate 22. The fastener 30 may be protected by a suitable wear member disposed thereon. Referring to Figures 2 and 3, the inner conical shaped grinding member 20 is supported on an oscillating mechanism that includes a lower cylindrical member 32 and an upper cylindrical member 34. The upper cylindrical member 34 is secured to the base plate 22 by a fastener such as the bolts 36. A bearing arrangement 38, shown as radially extending roller bearings, is interposed between the upper surface of lower member 32 and the lower surface of the upper member 34 to allow the members upper and lower rotate one with respect to the other. Alternatively, the bearing arrangement 38 may be a plurality of vertically disposed rollers and located on an outer edge of the members 32 and 34. In addition also, the bearing arrangement 38 may be a vertically disposed sleeve bearing system or a bearing system. Axial thrust bearing arranged horizontally. As shown in Figure 3, the bearing assembly 38 includes a lower bearing guide ring 40, a bearing upper guide ring 42 and the rollers 44. The lower bearing guide ring 40 is secured to the lower member 32 by the clamps 46, and the upper bearing guide ring 42 is secured to the upper member 34 while the clamps 48. The lower member 32 is secured to and supported on the upper end of the shaft 50 for rotation therewith. Generally, any mechanism can be used to rotate, rotate, move or oscillate the inner crushing member including but not limited to an eccentric mechanism (not shown). The upper surface of the lower member 32 is in a plane that is not perpendicular to the central axis of the shaft 50. In this way, as the shaft 50 rotates, the upper member 34, which is prevented from rotating, as will be described later in the present, is oscillated as alternately as a higher and a lower portion of the upper surface of the lower member 32 passes under a fixed position on the upper member 34. The upper surface of the lower member 32 may be located in a plane that it is not perpendicular to the central axis of the shaft 50 by forming the lower member 32 as a member in the form of a wedge, or by welding a uniformly thick lower member 32 to the end of the shaft 50 that has been cut in a flat plane. it is not perpendicular to the central axis. The shaft 50 passes through the opening 52 formed in the lower plate 14 and is supported for rotation therein by the bearing 54. The shaft 50 is surrounded by a cylindrical sleeve 56 that slides vertically with respect to the inner guide ring of the bearing 54. The sleeve 56, which is secured to the shaft 50, is formed of a material which will reduce sliding friction between the inner guide ring of the bearing 54 and the shaft 50. The shaft 50, the member lower 32 and the upper member 34 of the oscillating mechanism, as well as the internal grinding member 20, are supported on the lower plate 14 by an air bellows assembly such as a fluid bellows assembly 58 which is illustrated as 3 bellows in the form of ring stacked on top of each other. The bellows 60, 62 and 64 are secured to each other, and the lower surface of the lower bellows 60 is secured to the lower plate 14 by securing devices such as pins. A ring-shaped bearing assembly 66 is interposed between the upper surface of the bellows 64 and the lower surface of the lower member 32. Although not shown in detail, the ring-shaped bearing assembly 66 could be similar in construction to the bearing 38, with an upper bearing guide ring secured to the lower surface of the lower member 32 and a lower bearing guide ring secured to the upper part of the bellows 64. The bearing 54 can be a sleeve bearing arranged horizontally or vertically, a roller bearing or axial thrust bearing. The height of the lower member 32 with respect to the lower plate 14 is adjusted by regulating the pneumatic pressure in the bellows 60, 62 and 64 in the form of a ring. As shown in Figure 2, air can be supplied with a compressor 68 through a regulator "Jor 70" in bellows 60, 62 and 64. It will be convenient to reduce the air pressure in bellows 60, 62 and 64. , the air can be discharged through the valve 72. The inner shredding member 20 is prevented from rotating by a fluid bellows assembly which is shown as a series of pneumatic bellows 74, 76, 78 and 80. The bellows are secured one another and the upper surface of bellows 74 is secured to the base plate 22 and the lower surface of the lower bellows 80 is secured to the lower plate 14. As in the case of the bellows 60, 62 and 64, a regulated supply "Je air to the bellows 74, 76, 78 and 80 with the air compressor 68 through a regulator" Jor 82. The regulated air pressure that is supplied to the bellows 74, 76, 78 and 80 is such which allows the oscillation of the plate «Je base 22 and does not tend to lift the plate of base 22, so that it would not be fully supported by the bellows 60, 62 and 64. If it would be convenient to reduce the air pressure and the bellows 34, 76, 78 and 80, the air can be discharged through the valve 84. No only the bellows 74, 76, 78 and 80 that rotate the grinding member 20 are prevented, but they also provide a seal to prevent the crushed material, and the powder thereof, from reaching the bearings 38 and 66. Similarly, the bellows 58 further prevent the crushed material and dust from reaching the upper surface of the bearing 54. The shaft 50 is provided with a wedged agitator 86 which receives an externally splined shaft 88. The shaft 88 is held in a fixed vertical position. by an enlarged portion of diameter 90, the lower edge is supported on an inner guide ring 92 of the bearing assembly 94. The outer guide ring 96, of the bearing assembly 94, is secured to the support bracket 98 by clamps 100 and fasteners 102. Attached to the lower end of the shaft 88 is a pulley 104. The pulley 104 is driven by a band 106 that engages the pulley 108, driven by a primary motor 110, such as an electric motor. Although a pulley and belt drive system is shown, other drive systems may be used, such as a hydraulic mechanism or a conventional mechanism of gear shafts and pinions. The bearing assembly 94 may also be a roller, sleeve or drive bearing member arranged horizontally or vertically. The outer crushing member 18 is supported from the lower plant 14 by a cylindrical wall member 112 which is welded at its lower end 114 to the lower plate 14 and is provided with a flange 116 at the top. The flange 116 is provided with openings 118 therein, located so as to coincide with the openings formed in the upper crushing member 18, receive bolts such as 120 to secure the upper crushing member 18 to the cylindrical wall 112. Passing Upon operation of the crusher, the material to be crushed in a hopper 122 is jeendaged through which it enters a conical gap 124 between the outer crushing member 18 and the internal crushing member 20. As the inner member of the crusher crushing 20 inside the outer crushing member 18, the material falls in the area where the crushing members are more widely separated and is subsequently ground as the inner and outer members move together. By increasing the air pressure in the bellows 60, 62 and 64, the grinding member 20 can be raised, moving its outer surface closer to the outer crushing member 18, "resulting in a more fine grinding of the material that is being crushed. is crushing. While in crushers for heavier work, such as those set forth in the aforementioned patents, replaceable "Je" Jesgaste members, usually called coatings, are provided on the inner and outer crushing parts in the conical crusher <.In this invention, replaceable wear coatings are not provided. However, members 18 and 20 can be replaced when they are worn. Instead, the inner crushing member or sheath and outer or upper crushing member are formed of a suitable wear-resistant material. The materials suitable for the particular applications are manganese, chrome-plated steel cooled and air-hardened and a low-cost steel with wear resistance holders provided on the crushing surface. Although the inner crushing member or sheath 20 and the outer crushing member 18 may be made of suitable wear-resistant material, their strength may not be sufficient to prevent deformation in certain applications. To prevent deformation, the outer crushing member 18 may be provided with ribs. Alternatively, an independent cage of ribs including the ribs 126 (shown in FIG. 4) can be provided and secured on the outer crushing member 18. Similarly, a cage "Je ribs 128" can be provided, as shown in FIG. Figure 5, "So that it fits under the fun" or internal crushing member 20 in order to reinforce it. The parameters of the system and the design criteria may affect the size and shape of the inner grinding member 20. The internal grinding member 20 may generally have a parallel interior surface and an exterior surface. The outer surface of the member 20 advantageously serves as a grinding surface p > For the grinding "Jora 10. The member 20 may have several stages, angled surfaces or other formations and still be considered generally conical and have generally parallel surfaces. Referring to Figure 2a, in an alternate embodiment of this invention the pneumatic bellows assembly 58 that supports the inner shredding member 20 on the lower plate 14 is replaced by several hydraulic cylinders, one of which is moved, the 136. it supplies hydraulic pressure to the cylinders by a pump 138. In order to provide the bearing 54 of the same protection of the crushed material and the powder as provided by the bellows 58, a flexible cylindrical wall 140 is secured to the lower surface of the same lower cylindrical 32 and the lower plate 14. The bellows assembly 58 and the pneumatic bellows 74, 76, 78 and 80 can be replaced by other support devices. The system parameters and design criteria may affect the quality of any of the support devices. For example, in the device "Je support between the plate 20 and the plate 14 preferably provides sufficient force to counteract the crushing forces and still does not substantially raise the plate 22 with respect to the plate 14. The support device allows the oscillation of the inner shredding member 20 and further avoids rotating the inner shredding member 20. The support device also preferably seals the bearing 38 in protection of the shredded material in the Jora 10 shredding. The supporting device can be an assembly of springs, a cable tension assembly, a piston assembly or other apparatus to provide an appropriate level of tension and force between the member 20 and the bottom plate 14. To prolong the life of the bearings 38, 54, 66 and 94, Lubrication system 130 is provided by which lubrication can be supplied to the bearings while the crusher is in operation. The lubrication system includes a source of pressurized lubricant 132 and a pipe system 134 connecting each of the bearings to the source 132. When comparing a conical crusher constructed in accordance with this invention as set forth above, with those shown in the patents according to the prior art set forth above, it will be noted that the following advantages are offered: 1.- Menoe parts 2.- Simplified manufacturing and manufacturing. 3.- Lower cost. 4.- Increase energy efficiency. 5.- Operate with the material to be crushed, being either wet or dry. 6.- Lower operating cost per ton of crushed product. 7.- Better quality control of the shredded product through the quick adjustment provided by the bellows support system for the internal crushing member. 8.- Ease of operation, maintenance and repair. For example, while the replaceable coatings are not provided, the inner and outer crushing members where they are attached to the crusher can be easily replaced by means of attachable and uncoupled fasteners shown as nuts and bolts. It should be noted that, if the deviated material is jammed, the inner and outer crushing members, the air pressure in the bellows supporting the inner crushing member can be reduced, thus allowing the inner crushing member to fall from the member. "Crushing to release the deviated material between the grinding surfaces. Since the crushing gap between the inner and outer members is easily adjusted and controlled by the bellows support system, the particle size of the crushed material can easily be adjusted. Although one embodiment and variations of the components of the invention have been presented, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that what has been described is currently considered to be a preferred embodiment of the conical crusher of this invention. In accordance with the Patent Statute, changes can be made to the conical crusher without deviating from the true spirit and scope of this invention. It is intended that the appended claims include all similar changes and modifications that appear within the true spirit and scope of this invention.

Claims (10)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS 1. - A crusher 10 for pulverizing minerals, characterized by: a main member "Je support 14 to secure the crusher to the base 12; a baee plate 22 fixed to the main support member 14; an internal grinding member 20, generally conically configured and extending downwards, supported on a base plate 22; An outer crushing member 18 usually configured frusto-conically and extending downward, supported on said main member < The support 14 is in a separate relation to said internally shaped grinding member 20, so that the material passing between said internal grinding member and said outer member is crushed; and at least either said inner shredding member 20 or said outer member "Shredding 10" is made in one piece.
2. 2. The shredder according to claim 1, further characterized in that said internal grinding member has a lower peripheral edge and a hole 24 at its apex, said lower peripheral edge being coupled to and supported on said base plate 22, said member crushing interior having the securing device 26 extending from said base plate and passing through said hole 24, and a fastener 30 engaging said securing device and said inner member "Crushing at its apex for securing said internal crushing member to said base plate 22.
3. 3. The crusher according to claim 1, further characterized in that said one-piece member 18, 20 is formed of a wear-resistant material.
4. 4. The shredder according to claim 1, further including a cage of ribs 128 configured conically and extending downwardly, clamped on said base plate, and said inner crushing member, conically shaped and being It extends downwards, it is placed on said cage of ribs to be supported by it.
5. 5. The shredder according to claim 1, further including? N assembly "Je bellows 60, 62, 64 disposed between said base plate and said main support member to provide release of" Jesvío and to "maintain the distance between said inner and outer crushing members is adjustable, and an inner crushing member for use in a crusher 10 including an oscillating mechanism 32, 34, a base plate 22, a main supporting member 14 and an outer crushing member 18 generally "Jointically", supported by the main support member, include "the main support member an outer flange, the oscillating mechanism being located within the outer flange of the main member" support and "roveyen" a movement oscillating to the inner crushing member with respect to the main support member and said external crushing member, the plate being secured Base 22 to the oscillating mechanism 32, 34 and receiving the oscillating movement, by means of which the material is fed between the external crushing member and the internal crushing member to be crushed, said internal crushing member characterized by: an outer wall of shredding 20 of a single piece, usually conically configured and extending downwards, the wall having an upper end and a lower end; said lower end of said wall being configured for coupling with the base plate. 7. The internal crushing member according to claim 6, further comprising an opening 24 at the apex of said wall 22, said opening being configured to accommodate a support rod 26 for securing said crushing member to said plate. of base. 8. The internal crushing member according to claim 6, including a support cage provided with ribs 128 disposed below said internal crushing member. 9. - An outer crushing member for use in a crusher 10 including a feed hopper 122, a main member "Je support 14" and an inner crushing member 20 generally conically configured and extending downwards, supported by the main support member 14, including the main member "Je support" 14 an outer rim with a generally cylindrical wall 112, the inner grinding member being configured to rotate with respect to the main support member, whereby the material is fed through. of the feed hopper 122 and crushed between the outer crushing member and the internal crushing member, said external crushing member characterized by: a crushing wall 18 in one piece, usually configured frustoconically and extending towards below, the wall having an upper end and a lower end; a first flange integrally formed in said euperior end of said wall, said flange being configured for its coupling with the feed hopper, and a second flange integrally formed in said lower end of said wall, said second flange configured for its coupling with the generally cylindrical wall of the outer flange of the main support member. 10. The outer crushing member according to claim 9, further including a plurality of cage-like support ribs 126 provided on an outer surface of said crushing member.