MXPA96006346A - Method of recirculation and granulation decentenedor of waste made of deres materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for recovering resin material, characterized in that it comprises: a) grinding in coarsely crushed pieces, a waste container that is made of thermoplastic resin material and having a plastic film wrapped around the container; ) force air through the coarsely crushed pieces, to separate and remove the film from the coarsely crushed pieces, c) apply a knock force to the coarsely shredded pieces to separate the resin material from the foreign objects, d) granulate the resin material to form granulated resin material; and e) recover granular resin material

Description

METHOD OF RECIRCULATION AND GRANULATION OF RESIN MATERIALS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method of recirculation and granulation of waste containers of thermoplastic resin materials. In more detail, this invention relates to treating waste containers made of thermoplastic resin materials (hereinafter also referred to as "resinous containers"), which are used in a large number of edible oils such as tern-pure oil (fish and fried vegetables dipped in oil), sesame oil and salad oil; for viscous fluids such as lorcester sauce, rnirin (for the sweet seasoning agent) and seasonings (hereinafter referred to as "containers for viscous fluids"); for various types of products such as beverages, shampoos, detergents, eye lotions, vinegar, soy sauce, sake and beer; wherein the metal parts are removed from the resinous waste containers; the resin part is crushed in a wider sense into small pieces, foreign objects including waste containers such as oil, viscous fluids, beverages and other products for daily use as well as foreign matters such as rain, spray water, mud, dirt, sand and earth that adheres small pieces to the coarser crushed pieces are separated and removed; Each type of reusable resin materials is separated, recirculated and granulated; thus, this invention relates to a method for recirculating and granulating reusable resin materials. Also, the recirculated granules are further granulated into uniform grain sizes, which are directly molded into products such as fibers and other forms of products, or complements; therefore, the present invention relates to the method for implementing all these procedures. The aforementioned resinous containers include bottles made of resin materials such as polyether (polyethylene terephthalate or PET, hereinafter referred to as "PET bottles"), polyethylene (hereinafter referred to as "PE bottles"), and chloride of polyvinyl or PVC (hereinafter referred to as "PVC bottles"). 2. - DESCRIPTION OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE The aforementioned resinous containers (hereinafter simply referred to as "containers") such as PET bottles are used to contain oily products, viscous fluids, beverages and other types of products for daily use. The recent development of the stretch-blow technique made it possible to produce less expensive and high-performance PET bottles, which have resulted in an enormous number of discarded waste containers. The total weight of waste PET bottles is said to be 10,000 tons per rm in Dapón; consequently, the recirculation of waste PET bottles has become a social demand. The waste stretch-blow containers (hereinafter referred to simply as "waste containers") made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyester (PET) and polyethylene (PE) are discarded after consumption of the contained product, the bottles discarded are contaminated with foreign matter such as mud, dirt, sand and dirt. Conveniently, these containers have been collected, washed with water to remove foreign objects, dried, crushed and recirculated in fibers or lint blow molded for wood replacement. These containers are resistant to water, weather conditions and corrosion; also, PVC in particular, generates a large amount of harmful gas and smoke when incinerated by altering the environment. In addition, the molten resin materials stick to the oven wall spoiling the oven. To solve these problems, the waste containers that are being used for a sanitary landfill, where the waste resin remains uncorroded for a prolonged period, they seem to present another factor for alteration of the environment. On the other hand, said resin materials will be expelled each year due to depletion of resources, and now it is requested and recognized that the resin materials after reuse are recirculated without being discarded. Conventionally, the waste containers have been washed with water to remove foreign objects and processed to recirculate. The procedure includes washing and drying, requiring a large amount of water and large equipment. In particular, oily materials such as tea oil - pure, sesame oil and salad oil are hardened to separate them from the waste container compared to other materials; e.g., washing with water could remove foreign objects and special detergents would have to be used, washing harmful materials such as surfactants with water from contaminated rivers and it would have to be neutralized before draining, adding additional high costs of installation and operation. Viscous fluids such as salsa, orcester, dressings and nirin are easier to separate than the aforementioned oily materials, although the viscosity sometimes causes problems in the washing of these materials with water. Other products such as beverages, shampoos, detergents, eye lotion, vinegar, soy sauce, sake and beer other than the aforementioned oily or viscous can be purified with water, although some of those products contain harmful ingredients such as detergent that should be neutralized before draining and add high costs to the installation and operation. Most of the waste containers have been discarded without recirculation, due to these problems caused by the difficulties in the washing, high added costs in installation and operation, and waste of large amount of water and energy resources. The present invention is to solve other problems by providing a method for separating and removing foreign objects such as the residual content, mud, dirt, sand and soil from the containers that are to be treated, recirculating and efficiently granulating the resin materials on a scale specific size, in a relatively simple way.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to solve these problems by providing a method for separating foreign objects from containers of waste resin and recirculating resin materials, comprising at least the following steps: A method for shredding waste containers with plastic films printed in small pieces that will be treated 82; a method for separating and removing the film by suction force from the air stream; A method for applying a grinding ion impact force to remove foreign objects from the resinous material, granulate the resin material or recovered resin materials; and further comprising: A method for shredding the container in the coarsely shredded pieces 81 prior to the shredding process into a plurality of shredded pieces 81; and which further includes the following procedure: A method for applying a grinded pulp force and a centrifugal force to the coarsely shredded pieces 81 to separate the foreign object from the resin material; and comprising the process including the following steps in addition to the above procedure: A method for comminuting the coarsely ground pieces 81 into small pieces to be treated 82; and further comprising: An object or a container made of thermoplastic resin materials coupled with a skirt at its bottom; applying an impact-grinding force to said small shredded pieces to be treated, composed of a main body and a skirt for separating foreign objects and cleaning and drying, decorating, applying a force of an ion-matted layer to subsequently pulverize for granulation of said skirt in order to collect the ream material as recovered resin materials, and to separate and classify the granular resin materials of said main body; and which also comprises: Said object is a container made of thermoplastic ream materials coupled with the flange threaded portion. Applying an ion-grinding impact force on the shredded pieces and said main body and thread portion for separating said objects, granular cleaning and drying said resin materials; the resin material of said breech thread portion is separated by selection by specific gravity in water; and the resin materials of said main body and said flanged thread portion are separately recovered as recovered resin material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The objects and advantages of the invention will be understood from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings in which similar numbers designate similar elements and in which: Figure 1 is a systematic illustration of mode 1, which shows a fundamental principle of the process of this invention for recirculating and granulating the resin material. Waste containers of the object processed by the method of this embodiment basically include the container without a skirt and other accessories, the container with a layer printed on the skirt such as a lid and a portion of thread, and without a label having a printed layer such as trademarks, etc., however, made of the same type of resin the main body of the container; Figure 2 is a systematic illustration of mode 2 showing a fundamental principle of the process of this invention recirculating and granulating ream materials. The waste resin containers processed by the method of this embodiment are basically the waste containers excluding those of the modality l, such as that with a lid, a screw portion, a main body and a skirt, at least one of which is made from a different type of beef material, as well as those that have labels. Figure 3 is a conceptual and schematic representation of each crushing and separation procedure by force of air current; The guide 4 is a schematic representation of a vertical section view of a device used in other modes of the grinding process; Figure 5 is a systematic illustrated procedure for shredding, cleaning, drying, separating, sorting and granulating. Figure 6 is a full diagonal view of a cutter mill (shredder) used in the shredding process of this invention. Figure 7 is an illustrated section C I of a polishing / granulating device used in the same embodiment. Figure 8 is a front view to explain the smaller size polishing / granulation regulation functions shown in Figure 7; Figure 9 is a diagonal view delimiting a separator used in the cleaning / separation / granulation / size regulator of this invention; and Figure 10 is a complete view showing main parts of the device of this invention, separating materials by specific gravity difference.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITY Waste containers as object In the mode of modeling the present invention, a waste PE bottle used for oily products such as tero-pure oil, sesame oil and salad oil was collected, the products of which are the most difficult to separate and granulate; and while the method of this invention can separate and remove these oily products to recirculate and granulate the resin material, other containers used for other products than the above are easier to handle. In this way, all waste PE bottles for viscous liquid products such as Uorcester sauce, dressing and mirin as well as various products such as beverages, shampoos, detergents, eye lotion, vinegar, soy sauce and beer can also be the object of waste containers. The resin materials of the waste containers or object include polyethylene (PE), polyester (PET), and polyvinyl chloride (rigid PVC). A residual content as well as foreign matter such as mud, dirt, sand, and dirt are left on the surface of these bottles. The bottles have various shapes and structures, and are made of various types of resin materials. Types of waste containers include: 1. Bottles with or without a skirt below. 2. Bottles with a lid made of metal or plastic on top. 3. Bottles with a thread portion to tighten the lid, the main body and a skirt, which are made either of different resin materials or the same resin. 4. Transparent or colored resin materials. In the mode of modeling the present invention more efficiently, it is preferable to use the optimized processing conditions and / or to select the optimum combination of the process in accordance with the types of residual content and resin materials used in various parts of the bottle. Basically, the waste bottle as an object of Figure 1 is a bottle without a skirt or a printed mark showing trademarks such as etc; and a bottle with a skirt and without a printed label, where the lid, the thread portion, the main body and the skirt are made of the same resin material. The lid is removed from the bottle and discarded if it is made of metal, most of the residual content is discarded and the lid, the screw portion, the main body and the skirt are processed together through distribution, shredding, crushing, cleaning, separation, grading and granulation if all those parts are made of the same resin material. As an embodiment, a recirculation method and method for recirculating PE from the PE bottle are explained below with reference to figure .1, wherein the residual content is salad oil.

Distribution procedure The bottles are distributed according to the types of resin PE, PET, PVC in this procedure (Figure 1 shows PE and PET only, but the resin materials as an object are not confined to these) and also to the color / transparency. The colored containers should preferably be subsequently classified in different colors.

Crushing process The PE bottles classified in the same way as the above distribution method are shredded or crushed in a broader sense in coarsely ground pieces 81 using grinding means 1.10 shown in Figure 2. A preferred size of the coarsely ground pieces obtained is for example 15 millimeters by 50 millimeters. The crushing means crush the object into pieces of a suitable size, and is called "crusher" in this mode. Figure 3 shows one embodiment of this "shredder". The shredder 110 has an upper feed inlet port to feed the material, two parallel counter-rotating shafts in the main body of the shredder, a plurality of rotating blades at a specified interval on each axis, 3 fixed blades engaged with the rotating blades at the circumferential sites and inclined at the same angle. This fixed and rotating vanes crush the bottle in coarsely crushed pieces of a suitable size. The waste bottle is fed from the inlet port, the rotating fins push the waste bottle inward by the interleaved blades which crush the bottle continuously by a shear force, a compressive force generated between the pallets interleavers crush and crumble the bottle into coarsely crushed pieces 81. The residual salad oil is still glued to the surface of the coarsely crushed pieces 81. The grinding media used in this invention are not restricted to those previously mentioned, e.g., other crusher media such as Gynax-Crusher, manufactured by Horai Ltd., Roll-Crusher by Nara Machine Uorks, Ltd., as well as other grinding media such as mono-cutters, shredders and other types of grinders that can be used. As shown in Figure 4, the shredding means has two shredders 110 placed in two stages, upper and lower, to crush the object twice increasing the capacity greatly and reducing the processing time. More details are explained in the modality associated with Figure 2.

Shredding procedure This procedure can be omitted when the waste container that is going to make the object used only for an oily product, a viscous fluid and another type of liquid can be applied if required. Heavily crushed pieces 81 produced in the grinding process are shredded into small pieces that are to be treated 82 using a shredder shown in Figures 5 and 5. The small pieces to be treated 82, for example, are a large square of about 2 rnl per 15 mi, a square of about 10 nrn x 10 mm or a piece with no specific shape with a side of about 10 rnrn or smaller. At this point, the residual salad oil is still on the surface of the small pieces to be treated 82 as well as the aforementioned grinding process. The shredding means will crush the coarsely shredded pieces 81 into smaller pieces to be treated 82, and is conveniently referred to as a "cutter-mill" in this embodiment. The mill cutter 120 has an inlet port to feed the coarsely shredded pieces 81, a cutter-holder with rotating blades on its surface, and a fixed blade in the main body with a suitable clearance from the rotating blades. More details of cutter-mill .1.20 are explained in the modality associated with figure 2. The clearance used in this mode is 0.2 to 0.3 rnrn. The coarsely ground pieces 81 that are ground by the above-mentioned shredder 110 to a size of 15 ml by 50 ml are fed to the inlet port of the mill cutter 120 are shredded between the rotating and fixed blades and almost all the pieces are granulated and regulated in size to a size of approximately 2 rnl per 15 mi with unspecified shapes and areas, which can pass through the screen.

Subsequently, the small pieces that are to be treated 82 are unloaded from the exit port to be transferred to the following procedure.

Cleaning / drying / grading / granulating process An impact-grinding force and a centrifugal force are applied to the coarsely ground pieces 81 which are ground by the above grinding means or the small pieces to be treated 82 shredded in the process of shredding as required. According to the present mode of the mode in the shredding of the shredded piece 81 to the small pieces to be treated 82, a grinding force and an impact force mainly at the last impact force separates a part of the oil for residual salad other foreign objects on the surface of the coarsely crushed pieces 81, and further a centrifugal force easily separates the residual salad oil from the coarsely ground pieces 81. The impact force exerted on the coarsely shredded pieces 81 accelerates the separation of the oil for residual salads, although the impact force controls the centrifugal force on the same piece of resin 81 to a certain degree. On the other hand, the centrifugal force on the residual salad oil is hardly controlled and throws the salad oil more quickly outwards and then, the rapid separation and cleaning are facilitated. In addition, the heat of friction generated by the impact force increases the temperature of the residual salad oil to accelerate the separation. In the event that a combination of an impact force and a grinding force crush the coarsely ground pieces 81 and also accelerate the separation of the residual salad oil and a centrifugal force pushes the residual salad oil from the coarsely ground pieces 81. Thickly shredded pieces 81 of PE bottles are centrifuged at 1600 at 1800 rpm for approximately 10 to 12 minutes. The coarsely ground pieces 81 are crushed by a combination of an impact force and a grinding force to small spheres having a diameter of about 1 to 4 mm, which are subsequently granulated and regulated in size, and polished in uniform grains. PE resin naturally forms spheres when an impact force is applied to the PE bottle. Foreign objects other than oily products or separated from the heavily crushed pieces of the PE bottle by applying a centrifugal force at the revolution speed of 800 to 900 rprn for 5 to 6 minutes, and the pieces are granulated and regulated in size , and the grains are polished to a uniform size. The residual oily products were insufficiently separated by centrifugation for 5 to 6 minutes, while they could be efficiently separated by prolonged centrifugation. Incidentally, a lot size depends on the speed of revolution, presence of air and temperature. In accordance with the present embodiment, a batch of 50 kg was processed for 10 minutes and the final level of the residual salad oil was reduced to 0.1% by weight after granulation, buffing and recovery. the level is sufficiently low and without any problem because generally, an oily • material of that level is added to the PE resin together with fillers when the resin is coldly processed. When an impact-grinding force and a centrifugal force are applied to the coarsely shredded pieces 81 and the small pieces to be treated 82, a compressed air of approximately 5 kg / cm * should preferably be spray-applied onto these parts thickly. crushed to facilitate the separation of the residual oily product. Most preferably, the compressed air must be preheated to increase efficiency. The means for cleaning / separating / sorting / granulating separates and removes foreign objects from coarsely ground pieces and small pieces that are to be ground 82; and grinding, cleaning and granulating the resin material of the main body of the waste container; and polish to recirculate the resin material. The means are conveniently called "separator" in this mode. Referring to Figures 7 and 8, the separator 130 has an inlet port 132 for feeding the heavily shredded pieces 81 and the small pieces to be treated 82 (hereinafter explained as the small pieces to be treated 82) in the center of a fixed disk 131; the fixed end plate 133 faces the fixed disk 131 with a space 155 therebetween; and the plate of the circumferential side 135 fixes the circumferential edges of the fixed end plates 133 to the fixed disk 131. The processing space 155 has a movable disk 141 driven by a horizontal rotating shaft 142, and the horizontal rotating ers 142 are supported by the cojinet.es 143, 143. The horizontal rotating elements 142 are driven by rotating means that are not shown. The fixed pins 134 are placed in a row on a concentric site (a) (Figure 8, in relation to the mobile disk 141) on the fixed disk 131; the mobile pins J 4 are alternately placed on the different places (b) from the places of the fixed pins on the mobile disk 141; and the fixed pins 134 and the movable pins 144 are located to generate an impact force-between the two types of pins, whose forces are used to grind and polish the small pieces to be treated. A screen 151 with perforated holes of a specified size is placed on the circumferential side of the movable disk 141, the discharge space 156 separates the screen from the plate on the circumferential side 135, and the discharge side 152 is located below the discharge space 156. A blower 157 is located in the exit port 152 as shown in FIG. 7. The mesh size of the screen 151 in this embodiment is 1 nm in diameter, although the size of the screen is not larger than 1 rnm is normally preferable, and 0.7 rnm is most preferable. An exit port 153 is located at the bottom of the screen 151, and a plug valve 154 is positioned on the exit port 153 to control the opening. A communication blower 158 is placed in the exit port 153 as shown in Fig. 1 to suck the air in the separator 130, the exit port 153 is connected to the exit port 132 through the blower 158. With a clear Increased between the fixed pins 134 and the movable pins 134, the grinding force on the small parts to be treated 82 is reduced, although a diminished clearance causes the grinding force to increase. An object. strange liquid on the small pieces to be treated 82 requires a clear setting to reduce the grinding force and to increase the impact. The clear must also be adjusted to the grade size of the recovered resin materials that are going to be polished and regulated in size. Referring to the separator 130, the movable disk 141 is rotated with the horizontal rotary shaft 142 by means of drive means not illustrated, and the small pieces to be treated 82 fed from the inlet port 132 are ground, polished and granulated and regulated in size in a central portion of a processing area 155; and approaches the circumferential side by means of the impact-grinding force generated between the fixed pins 134 and the movable pins 144. During this procedure, the impact applied on the small parts to be treated 82 accelerates the separation of the oil for residual salad, which is pushed out by the centrifugal force, the force of impact that by controlling the force centrifuges only on the small pieces that are going to be treated. The heat of friction generated by the impact-grinding force increases the temperature of the salad oil on the surface of the small pieces that are to be treated 82, which also facilitates their separation. The polyethylene of the polyethylene bottle naturally forms its own spheres, which are polished into granules having diameters of approximately 1 to 4 nm. The separated oil oil and a separate one of the small pieces to be treated 82 which pass to the sieve 151 pushed by the centrifugal force generated by the movable pins 134, are classified in the discharge space 156, and are sucked and discharged through the exit port 152 by the blower 157 (FIG. 5). On the other hand, the resin materials granulated and regulated as size 83 remain on the screen 151 as large spheres. A portion of the salad oil still remains on the larger granular resin materials 83 when the latter pass through the screen. With the plug valve 154 open, the discharge port 153 and the inlet port 132 communicate through the blower 158 (FIG. 5); The granular resin materials 83 that exit through the exit port 153 return to the entry port 13 ?; and the reclaimed granulated resin materials 83 are ground, polished and granulated and sized again. The salad oil 84 remaining on the granulated resin materials 83 is centrifugally separated, the newly crushed granular resin materials pass through the sieve 151, and are discharged through the discharge port 152. Although the resin materials granules 83 return to the inlet port, most of which remains on the screen 151 without being timed to smaller sizes to pass through the screen. The cleaning / separation / blending / granulation procedures may be repeated until the salad oil on the small pieces to be treated 82 in the batch is completely separated and discharged through the discharge port. The recirculated polyethylene resin in the form of granulated particles and size-regulated grains are expelled through the outlet port 153 by opening the plug valve 154. Instead of or in addition to the blower 158, airspace can be introduced suppressed to the processing space. 155 of the separator 130, and the large granular ream materials 0 7 83, which remain in the sieve 151 can be returned to the entry port through a hole on the end plate 153 and the tube. The recirculated resin material can be expelled from the outlet port, or it can be automatically collected in the collection tank 240 as shown in Figure 9. The latter case is explained in the following embodiment. Referring to FIG. 9 two spacers 230a and 230b are placed in symmetrical positions so they can be rotated using the same drive means; each separator 230a or 230b is to be fed to the severely processed parts 81 (82) to the inlet port 132a or 132b through the feed tube 231a or 231b. Since the two separators 230a and 230b have the same structure, the function is explained using only the separator 230a. The separator 230a connects to the outlet port 153 for the resin material with the feed port 132 through the communication tube 235, and connects the tube 236 of the compression air supply source not illustrated with the side of the port. communication tube outlet 235. A flow regulation plate is placed in the communication portion of tube 236 to cause compressed air to flow mainly into inlet port 1.32. The communication tube 235 branches on the side of the entry ports 132a and 132b and the branch tube 237 is fixed to communicate with the recovery tank 240; and a three-step solenoid valve 238 is positioned to vary the route at a predetermined time using a time regulator at the branching point of the branch pipe. The discharge port 152a or 152b of each separator 230a or 230b communicates with the collection tank 250 through the discharge tube 239; the foreign object passing through the screen 151 (figure 7) can be sucked by the blower 157 placed in the discharge tube 239 to discharge the collection tank 250. The separators 230a and 230b are activated by driving means; the downstream side of the communication tube 235 is opened by the three-step solenoid valve 238 and the side of the branch tube is closed; the compressed air is fed from the tube 235 to the communication tube 235; and in this way a circulating air stream generates pressure in the communication tube 235, the inlet port .132, the processing space .155, the exit port 153 and again in the communication tube 235 in succession. When a batch of coarsely ground pieces 81 (or small pieces to be treated 82) is fed to the inlet port 132a and 132b through the feed tube 231 a and 231b, the salad oil separated from the coarsely ground pieces 81 ( or small pieces to be treated 82) in the separator 230a and 230b passes through the sieve 151 by the blower 157 and is discharged to the collection tank 250. On the other hand, the granulated resin materials 83 that remain in the sieve 151 in the form of granules are sucked into the communication tube 235 by a circulating air stream, are sent to the processing space 155 again, are processed in the separators 230a and 230b; and the cycle is repeated until most of the residual salad oil in the batch is separated and removed as required. After the procedures, the downstream side of the communication tube 235 is closed by the solenoid valve and the side of the branch tube is opened, and in this way the granulated resin materials 83 on the screen 15.1 are collected towards the tank of recovery 240 through the communication tube 235 and branch tube 237. The place of the three-step solenoid valve 238 can the regular solenoid valves be placed in the branch tube 23? on the downstream side of the communication tube 235 to open and close alternately. The above explanation is for a modality that uses two separators, although the procedure can also be designed in the same way using a single separator. As an example, 6 kg of small pieces of polyethylene to be treated 82 are fed to a separator 130 having the structure mentioned above, and the mobile disk 141 is rotated at 1750 rpm with a frequency of C.A. 60 Hz. Then, the small pieces to be treated 82 are processed into granular resin materials 83 in the form of spherical granules of about 1 to about 2 mm in diameter, polished and granulated, and regulated in size . The residual salad oil in this polyethylene resin material of regulated and granulated size was not more than 0.1% by weight. When the containers used for oils and viscous fluids are processed, the rotational speed of the movable disk 141 must be lowered so as not to polish and regulate the size of the polyethylene resin exessively in a fine powder. The rotational speed of the movable disk 1.41 should be kept as low as possible within a scale that can maintain the polyethylene granule size larger than the mesh of the screen 151, because oil and viscous fluid are released outwardly faster than the small pieces to be treated 82 even with a decreased speed of the movable disk 141. Like other waste containers to be presented, a modality for recovering the PET resin materials from the polyester waste bottle (PET) with part of the residual salad oil is explained in accordance with Figure 1. The explanation as to the normal procedures for polyethylene are omitted for simplification. The metal caps are removed from the waste jars, the residual product in the jars was discarded; and waste bottles are subject to classification, crushing, crumbling, cleaning / sorting / sorting / granulation.

Shredding process The different jars are shredded or in a broader sense are shredded using the shredder 110 as shown in figure 2 in pieces of, by incorporation, 15 rnrn by 50 rn (severely shredded pieces 81).

Shredding process The severely shredded pieces 81 obtained by the above grinding process are further shredded, if required, as shown in Figure 5 when using a 120 co chopper mill or a shredding medium in small pieces that are going to Treat 82: long frames of 2 mm by 15 r? m, frames of 10 mm by 10 mm, or unspecified forms of 10 rnrn or less.

Cleaning / Separation / Classification / Granulation When using the separator 130 as shown in Figures 7 and 8, an impact-grinding force is applied to the severely crushed pieces 81 in the grinding process or small pieces that are going to treat 82 (as required in the shredding procedure) to separate and remove foreign objects; to grind, clean, and granulate themselves; and to polish, regulate the size, and collect the granules. The functions of each procedure are the same as explained in the previous modality for the treatment of polyethylene bottles.

The separator 130 used in the present embodiment has a screen 151 having a mesh of 0.5 to 0.8 mm in diameter, the centrifugal conditions were 900 to 1200 rpm and about 10 to 12 minutes per charge; in this way the severely crushed pieces 81 or small pieces to be treated 82 were crushed, granulated and regulated to size, and polished into granules of non-specific shapes having a size of about 1 to 3 rnm. PET flasks naturally do not form spheres as in the case of polyethylene when an impact-grinding force is applied. The residual salad oil in the recirculated PET resin was not more than 0.1% by weight. In the above embodiments, PE and PET bottles were absorbed as primary resin materials for bottles, while other resin materials such as polycarbonate and polyvinyl chloride can also be recycled as granular resin materials. Also in the above embodiments, the salad oil was absorbed as a residual foreign object, while the other oils such as pure tea oil and sesame oil can also be treated in the same way. Foreign objects other than oils include viscous fluids such as Uorcester sauce, adresse, and mirin; various products such as beverages, shampoo, detergents, eye cream, vinegar, soy sauce, sake, and beer; and the waste containers for these products can more easily be recirculated as granules, the residual contents of which are separated and removed; The procedure can be carried out more easily than in the case of oily products that have already proven to be separable and removable from the waste containers. In addition, other foreign objects such as mud, dirt, sand, and dust can also be separated and easily removed by the method of the present invention. The grinding and impact forces (especially the last) combined with a centrifugal force push the foreign objects in the following order: air, water, lower viscosity fluids, higher viscosity fluids, solid waste such as mud and dirt, foreign objects oily (fluids of high viscosity), and severely crushed pieces or small pieces that are going to be treated. The difference in pushing speed easily causes the separation of foreign objects. Figure 2 is a systematic illustration of a procedure for waste bottles different from the object of Figure 1. However, Figure 2 becomes Figure 1 with some unnecessary steps omitted; in this way figure 2 can be a systematic illustration of all the procedures including figure 1. In accordance with the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable to use optimum conditions and optimum combination of procedures in accordance with residual content and resin types .

Referring to Figure 2, the object waste container is a bottle with other accessories such as a lid, a coiled part, and an edge, at least one of which is made of a resin material different from that of the body. principal; and also a bottle with a label; in this way a PET bottle for a carbonated beverage is used as an example. This PET bottle has accessories such as an edge, a threaded part to adjust the lid, and a label that are made of other types of resin such as PP and PE. In accordance with the present invention, this bottle can be processed without removing these accessories. The bottle is stuck or contaminated with the residual content, mud, dirt, sand and dust. A method for recirculating resin materials such as PET, PP, and PVC is explained below. As shown in Figure 2, the metal lid is removed from the bottle consisting of a screw-in lid, the main body, and a label, and the residual content is discarded. Then, the bottle passes through a series of procedures comprising sorting, grinding, screening, shredding, cleaning / drying, separation / sorting / granulation; and / or specific gravity selection; as well as dehydration as required.

Classification procedure This procedure is the same as in Figure 1, as explained above. The jars are classified into those made of different types of resin material such as PET and PVC (only PET and PVC are described in Figure 2, while the e of this mode is not in accordance with these ream materials only), transparent and colored jars, and jars with or without edges. The colored bottles should preferably be classified in different colors. The coiled part and / or the edge (the latter includes a part of the main body) can be removed from the main body of the bottle (hereinafter referred to as a "bottle main body") to be processed independently. Normally, several parts of the PVC bottles, including the threaded part for the lid, are made of a simple resin material. Also, because PVC bottles are not used for carbonated drinks, they do not have edges. Most jars have screwed parts. For efficient processing, the bottles must first be classified into different types of ream materials, then transparent and by color. In addition, in the case of PET bottles, they are only classified in bottles with or without borders.

Crushing process The waste bottles are crushed or shredded by a grinding means 110 into severely crushed pieces 81 of 15 rn by 50 rnrn as shown in Figure 3. The grinding medium used is the grinder 110, which is the same as the grinder 110 in the Figure 3 that was used in the embodiment associated with Figure 1. At this time, severely crushed pieces 81 were affected in black by the color of the foreign object. As shown in Figure 4, the crusher-used medium had 2 shredders, upper and lower. The shredder 210a has a horizontal axis and the shredder 210b has an axis inclined by 45 degrees, which greatly increases the processing capacity and minimizes the processing time. It is preferable to place a grinder 211 below the crusher housing 110; that is, the. Grinder 211 easily blows the shredded waste container into severely crushed pieces 81, and makes it easy to remove small stones and sand in the jars. A network conductor 212 having a band network inclined by approximately 45 degrees is placed below the grinder 211 to remove small stones and sand found in severely shredded pieces 81. More preferably, a magnetic selector 213 is placed below the tip of the moving network conductor 212 to classify metal caps and rusted iron pieces found in severely crushed pieces 81. In addition, severely crushed pieces 81 free of rnatal and iron oxidation pass through a screen rotating 215 to separate foreign objects such as tiny pieces, sand, and metallic powders.

Separation procedure by force of air flow This procedure serves to separate the printed labels from severely crushed pieces. The crushed polystyrene labels printed on its surface, which have been wrapped around the PET bottles, are sucked by a blower 33 equipped with a cyclone 31. A suction air flow force selector 30 capable of treating resin materials from 200 to 500 kg / h is used to suck the printed labels crushed in the above procedure to separate them from the severely crushed pieces 81 of the crushed main body of the container (Figure 3).

Crushing process The severely shredded pieces 81, composed of the main body of the bottles from which the labels have been separated, are further shredded into small pieces to be treated 82, for example, long frames of 2 mm by 15 mm; 10 mm by 10 m frames; or in non-specific forms of a size that is not greater than 10 nm. At this time, the foreign object still remains on the surfaces of the small pieces to be treated- 82. b The shredding medium must shred the severely shredded pieces 81 into the small pieces to be treated 82, and is termed a "cutter mill" for convenience in the present embodiment. Figure 7 shows one embodiment of a cutter mill or cutter 120. The main body 121 of the cutter mill is a cylindrical cover having an opening in the top part. The opening is covered with a lid 122, which can be opened and closed freely. The lid 122 has a 5-inlet port 123 for feeding severely shredded parts 81 into the main body 121 of the cutter mill. Within the main body 121 of the cutter mill, a cutter support 124 is placed, which is supported on the inner part of the main body 121 of the cutter mill and is rotated by means of a conducting means not illustrated; the cutter support 124 has three vertically rotatable long blades 125 on its circumference; the three rotary blades 125 are placed in the cutter support 124 for dsi to make the same angle, 120 degrees, against the direction of rotation; and the tips of the three rotating blades 125 are placed at the same rotation locus. Against the three rotary blades 125, two fixed blades 126 are placed on the inner wall of the main body of the cutter mill in a symmetrical position of the loei of and a small space of the rotary blades 125. In addition, the two fixed blades 126, the cutter support 124, and the rotating blades 125 divide the main body of the cutter mill into two parts, forming the feed chamber 127 and the comminution chamber 128. The inlet port 123 with the lid 122 communicates with the feed chamber. n 12 ?. The space between the two shank leaves 126 and the rotating blades 125 can be freely adjusted to shred the object material into a specific size. The space used in this mode is 0.2 to 0.3 m. The mesh screen 129 divides the crumbling chamber 128 between the two fixed sheets 126 and to encircle the locus of the rotating blades 125. The screen 129 is a mesh, through which the small pieces to be treated 82 of about 10 rnm can pass. A discharge port is provided for unloading the small pieces to be treated 82 in the lower part of the main body 121 of the comminution chamber 128. The severely ground pieces 81, crushed by the grinder 110 in the process of grinding the process 1 and having a size of about 15 min. Per 50 are fed through the inlet port 123 with a cover 122 of the cutter mill 120; the severely shredded pieces 81 are shredded between the rotating blades L25 in the cutter support 124 and the fixed blades 126 when the cutter support 124 is rotated by a conductive means not illustrated; most of the shredded resin pieces pass through the screen 129 to give small pieces to be treated 82 that have long frame shapes of approximately 2 by 15 mm, frames of approximately 10 by 10 rn, or non-specific shapes that are not greater than LO mrn in a lateral length; and the small parts to be treated 82 leave the discharge port to be transferred to the next procedure. The shredding means is not in accordance with the aforementioned cutter mill; for example, "Hard-crusher" manufactured by Horai, Ltd can also be used where the rotating shaft for the rotating blades 125 is horizontal, and the screen 9 between the two fixed blades is at the bottom. At this time, the surface of the first severely crushed pieces 81 are opaque and slightly black with foreign objects in the partially removed surface. Preferably, before or after the air flow force separation procedure or the above comminuting process, the ground pieces of the waste materials can be dried in a known dryer having a screen for sorting or separating rainwater, dew, mud, dirt, sand, and dust added to it before the next cleaning and drying procedure.

Cleaning and drying procedure Foreign objects 84 such as mud, dirt, sand, metals, glass pieces, dust are removed from the surfaces of the small shredded pieces to be treated 82 in the previous shredding process, which are non-specific pictures or shapes of approximately 10 mm in a lateral length, by means of a grinding and impact force; then the small pieces to be treated are cleaned and dried by the heat of friction generated by the grinding force and impact on the small pieces to be treated. The small pieces to be treated 82 are processed at 800 to 900 rpm for about 5 minutes. When the entire bottle is made of PVC including a coiled part, and when the bottle is made of PET without an edge, the following separation, sorting, and granulation procedures can be carried out successively to recover PET or PVC.

Separation / classification / granulation procedure These procedures are typically for making a bottle after cutting an edge of the main body, or for making the main body of a bottle together with an edge; that is, a grinding and impact force is applied to small pieces to be treated 82 to grind them into smaller pieces of non-specific shapes, from 1 to 2 nm in one side length, after the cleaning / drying process; PP that constitutes the edge is separated from the small pieces that are going to be treated 82, polished, and granulated and regulated to size. At the same time, the PET that constitutes the main body of a bottle is pulverized and separated by applying a grinding and impact force, the mixture is classified, and the edge PP is recirculated as resin materials. PET is used for fillers such as an aggregate for construction sites, and PP is used for different molded goods. The procedure is carried out at 1500 to 1800 rpm and in about 3 to 4 minutes. The second method mentioned above can be repeated as required. Cleaning / drying and separation / classification / granulation are the procedures that can be carried out in an individual device. The small parts to be treated 82 of the main body are cleaned, dried, crushed, polished, granulated, and regulated in size. PET is further crushed into a fine powder, and PP is separated from the main body classified, granulated and regulated in size. In this embodiment, the separator 130 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 was combined with the cleaning / drying medium. The separator 130 was explained with reference to the illustration associated with Figure 1; therefore the explanation is simplified by limiting it to those required herein. PVC bottles should preferably be classified in each of those that have different colors; and then by a rotation of a horizontal rotating shaft not illustrated 142 rotates the movable disk 141, the small parts to be treated 82 are fed from the inlet port 132 to be ground, polished, granulated and sized in the graining force and of impact generated between the fixed pins and the movable pins in the center of the processing space 155. In this way, the small pieces to be treated receive a centrifugal force together with the effects of polishing, granulating and grinding force. and of impact to bring the circumferential side closer. In the course of this procedure, the PET of the main body of a bottle is crushed into pieces of non-specific shapes that are not larger than 1 inm; The foreign objects are removed from the discharge port 152, which will be explained later, by means of a first separator. A part of the main body crushed from the jars in the mixture passes through the screen 151 with a centrifugal force generated by the movable pins L44, classified in the discharge space 156, and are sucked and discharged out of the port and discharge 152 through the blower 15 ?. In the case of the main body of the bottles with edges, the materials excluding the foreign objects remain in the screen 151 as in the second separator, they are taken out of the output port 153, and are fed in the second separator. The second separator produces, polishes, and granulates materials in spheres of approximately i mm in diameter, or in straight or cylindrical forms of approximately 2 to 5 nm in a lateral length, or in other forms. In the course of this process, some resin materials in the small pieces to be treated 132 are partially pulverized into a fine powder of a non-specific form. During processing by the second separator, the polished and granulated resin material and a portion of the edge of the PP remain in the screen 151, which returns to the inlet port 132 together with the materials discharged from the outlet port 153, because the outlet port 153 and the inlet port 132 are communicated together through the open plug valve 154, and then the crushed resin material of the main body is sprayed to pass the screen 151 and is discharged at the discharge port 152. However, most of the granulated resin material, which has not been sufficiently polished and granulated and regulated in size into fine granules, remains on the screen 151. The granules of PP as granulated resin materials are removed through the outlet port 153 with the plug valve abut. The same device as in the embodiment associated with Figure 1 is also applied to remove the granulated PP resin in this embodiment. The color-of the recirculated resin materials were affected by those of the respective parts of the flasks; that is, the edge PP had a border color, and the PET of the main body of the bottles had main body colors; or it was almost transparent, translucent and discolored, light white, or it was light yellow in case they treated transparent waste bottle. As an example, experimental separators 130 having a structure mentioned above were used; 600 g of the small pieces to be treated 82 were fed to the first separator; The removable disk 141 was rotated at 900 rpm; in this way, the PFT and part of the PP could be separated and the PP could recover from the second separator after processing for 3 minutes at 1800 r prn.

Selection procedure for specific gravity This procedure is used to obtain beef material of greater degree. When the material of a coiled part of the bottle (eg, PP or PE) is different from that of the main body, the specific gravity selection of the recirculated part of the part in water is inserted instead of or after the separation process. , classification, and granulation, which follow the procedure for cleaning / drying in the second separator. In this way, the resin of the coiled part is separated, and the resin material of the main body can only be recirculated. The mixture of the resin materials after the cleaning / drying process is put in water; then the PP of light weight becomes precipitates of PET or PVC floating or heavier. A liquid cyclone separates the PP from the other material, and the main resin material is recovered through a dehydration process. The liquid cyclone 10, as an example shown in Fig. 10, feeds the material into the inlet port 19, where the water (20 t / h) and a process fluid (150 kg / h) including materials from resin after the above procedure is pushed into the cyclone 10. The mixed fluid forms a spiral current flowing down the wall of the upper cyclone 16. This spiral current collects PET or PVC of large specific gravity in the circumferential wall, and it pushes it down, and transfers it to the lower cyclone 17 through the opening 20. PET or PVC moved to the top of the circumferential wall was removed from the discharge port 25 »The small specific gravity PP is collected in the center by another current generated by the spiral current, and is drawn through the discharge pipe 18 »The fluids are drawn through the outlet port 24, and the precipitates are drawn through the outlet port 26. The Ations have been made only for the PET and PVC fractions, while other granular resin materials such as polyethylene and polycarbonate can be recovered in the same way. The methods of this invention can sometimes be reversed or omitted in accordance with the conditions of the bottles collected from PET or PVC including the degree of contamination, other than the crushing and cleaning / drying procedures. The recirculated granular resin material of the present invention can be fed directly into an extruder to produce the products such as polyester fiber and polyester cotton or to produce pellets which are another form of resin materials. Also a virgin material of the same resin materials can be mixed such as virgin PVC and recovered PVC regulated in size and granulate. In addition, a synthetic wood board can be produced from the pellets mixed with a wood powder dried in an extruder. The present invention is constituted as explained above, and has the effects described hereinafter. By using a relatively simple and easy means, the foreign objects were separated and removed from the object waste containers by applying an impact-grinding force; that is, the resin material was efficiently grained and regulated in size on an appropriate scale of grain size to be reused. In addition, the resin materials that constitute the container for oily products, which are the most difficult substances to process to recover, can efficiently be recovered and granulated and regulated in size in a required scale of grain size to be reused, wherein the A combination of an impact-grinding force and a centrifugal force was applied, the combination having a synergistic effect with additional separation and removal between the oily foreign objects of the waste containers that was made of the same resin materials. For the reason mentioned above, a large amount of water and a large scale of utility, conventionally used to clean waste containers, could be omitted.; that is, the present invention contributes to the saving of cost and sources. In particular, the method of the present invention can eliminate the use of a chemical cleaning fluid to separate foreign objects such as oily materials used with or without water, by preventing the contamination of rivers with the cleaning drainage and saving the cost for the utility and operation. In this way, the broader claims below are not directed to a machine that is configured in a specific manner. On the contrary, said broader claims are intended to protect the heart or essence of this novel invention. This invention is clearly novel and useful. Furthermore, it was not obvious to those skilled in the art at the time it was made, in view of the prior art when considered as a whole. Furthermore, in view of the revolutionary nature of this invention, it is clearly an exploratory invention. As such, the claims below are intended for a very broad interpretation in order to protect the heart of this invention, as a matter of law. In this way, it will be seen that the objects established above and those evident from the previous description are efficiently insured and because certain changes can be made in the previous construction without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all materials included in the previous description or shown in the attached drawings should be interpreted as illustrative and not as in a limited sense. It should also be understood that the following claims are intended to cover all the generic and specific features of the invention described herein, and all statements of the scope of the invention which, as a language subject, may be found therein.

Claims (6)

1. NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS I. - A method for recovering and granulating resin materials by separating foreign objects from waste containers made of resin materials, comprising the steps of: the object is a waste container made of thermoplastic resin materials with a printed plastic film surrounding said container; applying an air current force to coarsely shredded pieces of said container to separate and remove said film; applying an impact-grinding force on said coarsely shredded parts of the main body of the container to separate said resin material from foreign objects; said resin material being granulated and recovered as a granular resin material.
2. 2. A method for recovering and granulating resin materials from waste containers made of resin materials according to claim 1, comprising at least the steps of: a method of comminuting said coarsely shredded pieces into small pieces that They are going to be treated, and a procedure to remove foreign objects separated from time to time.
3. 3. A method for recovering and granulating resin materials from waste containers made of resin materials according to claim 1, comprising at least the steps of: a method for applying an impact force and a centrifugal force to said coarsely shredded pieces or said small pieces that are to be treated to separate the resin material from foreign objects; and f) a method for granulating resin materials and for recovering said resin materials.
4. 4"- A method for recovering and granulating resin materials from waste containers made of resin materials according to claim 1, comprising at least the steps of: said object is a container made of thermoplastic resin materials coupled with a skirt at the bottom; applying an impact-grinding force to said shredded small pieces that are to be treated with inserts of a main body and a skirt to separate foreign objects and to clean and dry; further applying said impact-grinding force to further pulverize to granulate said skirt in order to collect the resin material as recovered resin material and separate and classify the granular resin materials from said main body.
5. 5. A method for recovering and granulating resin materials from waste containers made of resin materials according to claim 1, comprising at least the steps of: said object is a container made of thermoplastic resin materials coupled with a thread portion with flange; applying an impact-grinding force on the shredded pieces of said main body and thread portion for separating foreign objects, for granulating, regulating in size, cleaning and drying said resin materials; the resin material of said flanged thread portion is separated by selection by specific gravity in water; and the resin materials of said main body and said flanged thread portion are separately recovered as recovered resin material.
6. 6. A method for recovering and granulating resin materials from waste containers made of resin materials according to claim 1, comprising at least the steps of: before or after the separation process by force of air current or the above comminution process, the crushed pieces of resin materials can be dried before the cleaning and drying process.