JPH10298343A - Recovery/granulation of waste agricultural plastic film and system therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject system designed to separate and remove stuck impurities on waste agricultural films and recover the films as a resin material so as to be recycled. SOLUTION: This system works as follows: waste agricultural films are crushed into plural chips, which are then subjected to impact grinding force as well as centrifugal force; thereby, for stuck oil impurities, the chips are beaten by impact grinding force, mainly by impact force, to effect separation of oil from the chips, and on applying centrifugal action onto the chips and oils thereon, the centrifugal force on the chips is suppressed due to the impact grinding force, but the centrifugal force on the oils cannot be suppressed, therefore, the oils can be separated easily from the chips owing to the centrifugal force difference, thus washing the chips; during the above process, the chips are granulated by the aid of the impact force, grading a resin material resulted from the waste agricultural films to afford a recovered resin material to be used as a feedstock. The other stuck impurities can be separated and removed more easily than the oils.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for treating waste plastic films and sheets used in agriculture (both are simply referred to as "films" in the present specification). After crushing or crushing in a broad sense into multiple pieces to be treated, rainwater, dew, mud, soil, sand, salt, grass roots, grass roots attached to the film of each piece to be treated,
Separation and removal of deposits such as metal, glass shards, dust, pesticides, agricultural products, plants (vegetables, leaves, stems, etc.), recover as raw resin material, and granulate recovered resin material And a method of collecting the resin material, and sizing the formed resin material to recover and granulate the sized resin material as a sized product within a predetermined particle size range. By doing so, the resin material collected and granulated and formed into a raw material is formed as it is, or formed into pellets and processed again for agricultural plastic film, particularly, heat insulation eclectic seedlings, heat insulation coating of protection seedlings for the heat insulation field seedlings, and The present invention relates to a method for reusing a sheet used for vinyl cultivated land, a vinyl paddy field, etc., so-called mulch, and an apparatus for implementing these methods.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Waste plastic film used for agriculture is generally referred to as, for example, a greenhouse, for horticulture such as vegetables and flowers, and so-called agricultural plastic which is widely used for paddy rice. Plastic film waste, specifically, frame cultivation for seedling cultivation, forcing frame cultivation, tunnel cultivation, horticulture such as house cultivation, and for paddy rice raising seedlings, that is, thermal insulation coating of protection rice seedlings of heat insulation eclectic seedlings, warming field seedlings, And used for vinyl cultivated land, paddy rice used for vinyl paddy field, for tobacco related seedling raising and drying, for livestock related silos, for outdoor breeding,
Includes agricultural feed bags and used films that have been used and discarded for other uses.

For example, polyethylene, polyvinyl acetate,
A film made of a thermoplastic resin such as polyolefin, polypropylene, polyvinyl alcohol, or polyvinyl chloride (in this specification, the waste of a film used in agriculture including the livestock-related industry is referred to as “waste agricultural film”); Including. The percentage of discarded agricultural films by item in Japan was 19% in FY1993.
Of 3,170 tons, 69.4% for vegetables, 5 for flowers.
2%, 7.0% for fruit trees, field effect 10. 1%, rice effect4.
2% and other 4.0%.

[0004]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride used in Japan, and especially DOP, DO
A film such as soft PVC containing 20 to 40% of a plasticizer in polyvinyl chloride resin, such as A, may fall off from the outside of the frame due to aging deterioration or storms due to use, and may cause dirt, soil,
Sand, metal, glass fragments, dust, etc. adhere. In the case of agricultural use, deposits such as pesticide agricultural products (leaves, stems, etc.) are also attached and are sequentially replaced in order to eliminate transparency, and the waste agricultural plastic films collected for replacement or disposal are simple. Disposed of, incinerated, or
The attached matter was washed with water, dried, pulverized, and reused.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The disposal amount of agricultural plastic films discarded in Japan by method is as follows.
The total of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene is 1
In FY993, of the total of 193,170 tons, 25.9% of reclaimed land, 20.9% of landfill, 43 of incineration
% And other (non-stacked) 10.2%. Of these, the percentage of personal incineration of polyethylene film accounted for 6%.
It becomes 5.8%. The amount of waste by type was 54.8% polyvinyl chloride and 40.000% polyethylene in the same year.
5%, others are other plastic films.

[0006] The waste plastic films for agriculture have characteristics such as excellent water resistance and weather resistance and are hardly perishable. However, when incinerated by an incinerator for disposal, for example, a large amount of harmful plastic films are generated. It is well known that it generates gas and smoke and is undesirable in social environment. In addition, there is a disadvantage that the resin material melted during incineration may adhere to the inside of the furnace and damage the furnace itself. Therefore, even if a resin molded product is buried underground to avoid this disadvantage, it remains without decay for a long period of time, and is considered to be a cause of environmental destruction.

On the other hand, with respect to this type of resin material, there is a tendency for resources to be depleted year by year, and it has been requested and recognized that the used resin material should be reused without being discarded.

Conventionally, waste plastic films for agriculture have been regenerated by washing the surface of the film with water.
Since this process requires a washing process and a drying process that require a large amount of water, there is a problem that a large amount of equipment is required for the water washing process and the drying process, and water and energy resources are wasted. Was.

[0009] In particular, the waste agricultural plastic film, especially the agricultural plastic film, usually has pesticides attached thereto. When the film is washed with water and washed, the washing liquid containing the pesticides is supplied to a river. If it is not purified, the wastewater cannot be drained without purification treatment, and the equipment and operation cost of the purification treatment become expensive. Therefore, most of the discarded agricultural plastic films are discarded without being reused. The present invention has been developed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. By using relatively simple and easy means, a waste agricultural plastic film as a resin molded product to be treated can be used to remove pesticides, mud, soil, and sand. It separates and removes deposits such as metals, agricultural products (leaves, stems, etc.), glass fragments, dust, etc., and efficiently converts the parentheses into resin materials sized to a predetermined particle size range and made into a material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a recovery method and an apparatus capable of being granulated.

[0010] Further, a sheet which has been colored black for multi-use becomes black when reused because of its color, and the way of reuse is extremely limited.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a method for collecting and recovering waste agricultural plastic films of the present invention.
In the granulation method, the processing target is a waste agricultural plastic film, the waste agricultural plastic film is crushed into a plurality of crushed pieces over several orders, and the crushed pieces are stirred and heated in a warm air atmosphere.・ Dry and separate the attached matter from the object to be treated by the impact force of the stirring, remove the separated attached matter as needed, and, by the stirring, crush the sedimentation speed in the dried object to be treated at a low rate. Suspending the pieces, collecting the suspended crushed pieces by suction, and removing adhering substances that do not float; further crushing the collected crushed pieces into a plurality of crushed pieces; A step of applying an impact milling force to separate adhering matter from the coarse crushed pieces, and sizing the coarse crushed pieces into a materialized recovered resin material; and optionally, separating the separated attached matter. To the above, The yield resin material is recovered, characterized in that it comprises a step of forming the collection resin material.

Further, in the apparatus of the present invention, the object to be treated is a plastic film for waste agriculture, a plurality of crushing means for crushing the waste plastic film into a plurality of crushed pieces over several orders, and input of the crushed piece. A drying chamber, a hot air supply source for supplying hot air into the drying chamber, a stirring means for stirring the crushed pieces introduced into the drying chamber, stirring by the stirring means and a hot air supply source. Means for removing adhering matter separated from the crushed pieces by supply of hot air as needed, and crushed pieces having a slow sedimentation speed in the air current in the crushed pieces are supplied by hot air supply from a hot air supply source and stirring means. A means for drying by stirring, and floating in a drying chamber to suck and collect crushed pieces having a low sedimentation speed in the air flow; and a crushing means for further crushing the collected crushed pieces into a plurality of crushed pieces. When, A fixed-side washing / separation / classification / granulation means on a fixed disk having a central portion communicating with the supply inlet of the coarse crushed pieces, and sequentially implanting each fixed pin on a plurality of rotation trajectories; On the movable disk provided to be rotatable and opposed to the fixed disk, each movable pin is sequentially implanted on a plurality of rotation tracks different from each of the fixed pins.
Separation / classification / granulation means, classification means communicating with the discharge port for discharging the separated deposits at the outer peripheral portion of the combination of each fixed pin and each movable pin, and recovered resin material having a desired particle size or more A take-out means for taking out to the take-out port, between the fixed pins and the movable pins, the resin material and the attached matter can be separated and classified by the impact grinding force and the centrifugal action, and the resin material can be sized. The cleaning / separation / classification / granulation means configured as described above and a means for forming a film of the recovered resin material are provided.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

(Target Waste Agricultural Film) The target waste agricultural film of the embodiment of the present invention is mainly made of vinyl chloride (PVC; soft) in addition to polyethylene (PE) as a resin material, and has mud and soil on its surface. Deposits such as sand, dust, etc. are attached.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a processing system. The waste agricultural film is separated according to the resin material of the raw material as a preparation step [separation step], several [crushing step], [drying / classification step], further [rough crushing step], and then [washing]・ Separation / classification / sizing process).

The equipment configuration of these steps includes, for example, a crusher, a dry classifier, a cutter mill,
It is a separator.

[0016] Attachments such as residual contents, mud, soil, sand, dust and the like adhere to each part of the surface of the waste agricultural film.

Hereinafter, means for recovering the resin material from the waste agricultural film will be described. [Separation process] In this process, which is a preparation process, PE / PVC
It is sorted by resin material.

[Crushing Step] [Primary Crushing Step] The discarded waste agricultural film is cut into pieces of an appropriate size using the crushing means 110 shown in FIG.
Alternatively, it is crushed in a broad sense to form a crushed piece 81 having a size of, for example, about 30 × 30 mm.

As the crushing means, a crusher 110 was used in this embodiment. At this point, the above-mentioned deposits have adhered to the surface of each crushed piece 81 and have a substantially black color.

In the crusher 110, two axes rotating inwardly are provided in parallel in a crusher body having an inlet for crushed material at an upper portion, and a plurality of rotary blades are provided on each axis at a predetermined interval. 3 which are meshed with each other on the outer periphery of each rotary blade of the shaft and project from the outer peripheral surface of each rotary blade so as to form an equal angle.
It is provided that the waste agricultural film is cut into crushed pieces composed of large pieces as appropriate with the individual claw blades.

The waste agricultural film fed from the upper inlet is drawn into the inside by the claw blades of the biaxial rotary blades rotating inward each other, and between the outer peripheral edges of the rotary blades rotating in a meshed state. The crushed piece 81 is formed by being crushed and cut by the compressive force acting at the time of retraction while being slit by the shear force acting continuously. At this point, an adhering substance has adhered to the surface of each crushed piece 81.

The crushing means is not limited to the crusher described above.
For example, various crushing means such as a monocutter, a shredder, a crusher, and the like, such as Gainax crusher manufactured by Horai Co., Ltd. and a roll crusher manufactured by Nara Opportunity Manufacturing Co., Ltd., can be used.

As the crushing means, as shown in FIG. 3, the crusher 110 is disposed in two stages in the vertical direction, and a means for crushing the material to be crushed in two stages is used. And the processing time can be shortened.

That is, the crushers 110 are arranged in two stages in the vertical direction, and the crushing means is shown in two stages. The axis of the lower crusher 210b is 45 degrees relative to the direction of the crusher 210a whose axis is arranged horizontally. ° is inclined. As a result, the processing capacity can be dramatically increased and the processing time can be reduced.

Preferably, a crusher 211 is disposed below the housing of the crusher 110 to crush the coarsely crushed waste agricultural film so that the crushed piece 81 can be easily formed as the crushed piece 81. Of the pebbles, sand and the like can be easily taken out, and below the crusher 211, a net conveyor 2 consisting of a belt-like net inclined at about 45 ° in the vertical direction.
12 are provided, and the pebbles, sand and the like in the crushed pieces 81 are sieved off. Further, preferably, the net conveyor 212
A magnetic force sorter 213 is provided below the tip of the crushed piece 81 to separate metal pieces such as caps contained in the crushed pieces 81 and iron rust. Further, if necessary, the metal pieces and the crushed pieces 81 from which iron rust has been removed are passed through a rotary sieve 215 made of a metal net to separate foreign matters such as fine pebbles, sand, and metal powder.

[Secondary and Tertiary Crushing Steps] The crushed pieces 81 that have undergone the primary crushing step are successively reduced to approximately 20 × 20 mm and then to 10 × 20 mm in the secondary and tertiary crushing steps.
Crushed to about 10mm.

In the secondary crushing step, the above-mentioned crusher 110 is used.
A cutter mill 120 described later can be used.

By performing the crushing step over several orders, the life of the crusher or cutter mill, especially the blade, can be remarkably improved.

[Drying / Classifying Step] The small pieces to be treated (crushed pieces) that have passed through the tertiary crushing step are sent to the drying and classifying step. 4 to 8, reference numeral 10 denotes a drying / classifying apparatus of the present invention. The drying / classifying apparatus 10 includes a drying chamber 15 into which crushed pieces 81 are charged and which is dried while stirring the crushed pieces 81. .

A stirring blade for stirring the crushed pieces 81 introduced into the drying chamber 15 is disposed in the drying chamber 15.
A furnace 40 for generating hot air at 0 to 90 ° C .;
The air in the drying chamber 15 is sucked from above the nozzle 5 and communicates with suction / collection means such as a blower for generating an air flow.

Although the shape of the drying chamber 15 is not particularly limited, in the present embodiment, the drying chamber 15 is formed in a vertically long rectangular shape in a vertical section, and the bottom portion 22 is formed in an arc shape projecting downward. Punching metal, wire mesh, and other screens 54 having openings of a predetermined diameter, for example, φ3 to 15 mm are formed on the entire surface or a part of the bottom portion 22, and relatively small particle diameter or dried and crushed deposits are formed. 84 ′ passes through the screen 54 and the collection box 44 outside the drying chamber 15.
In addition, for example, the suction box is configured to be sucked and discharged by a blower communicating with the collection box.

The size of the screen 54 is such that mud, sand, and powdery deposits 84 ′ in the crushed pieces 81 that have been dried and peeled and crushed pass through, but the waste that forms the main body of the crushed pieces 81. The crushed pieces 81 and the like of the agricultural film may be formed as long as they do not pass through.

The upper part of the drying chamber 15 is formed in a trapezoidal shape so as to be narrower upward, and a pipe 43 connected to a blower (not shown) at the upper end is connected.
A suction port 56 for generating an air flow in the drying chamber 15 and for sucking the collected resin material floating in the drying chamber out of the drying chamber 15.
And

The furnace 4 is provided on the side wall of the drying chamber 15.
A hot air inlet 42, which communicates with a hot air supply source such as 0 and introduces the hot air introduced from the furnace 40, and an inlet 28 for introducing a crushed piece 81 and a mixture of extraneous matter and foreign matter are formed. Is done.

In addition, an inlet for outside air is provided separately from the inlet 42 for the warm air and the inlet 28 for the crushed pieces, and the outside air forcedly introduced from the outside air inlet is blown against the crushed pieces 81 for crushing. The configuration may be such that drying and floating of the pieces 81 can be performed more suitably. Further, the hot air inlet 42 is provided at the bottom 22 of the drying chamber 15, and crushed by blowing warm air from below the crushed pieces 81. The piece 81 may be configured to easily float.

The drying chamber 1 formed in an arc shape as described above.
The stirring blade 29 described above is disposed above the bottom 22 of the nozzle 5 and below the warm air introduction port 42 and the inlet 28 for the crushed pieces, and the crushed pieces 81 charged into the drying chamber 15.
While being stirred by the stirring blades 29 so as to be uniformly exposed to warm air.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the stirring blades 29 are radially planted on a rotatable shaft 32 disposed in the drying chamber 15 in a horizontal direction. 29 indicates that the shaft 3
It is arranged so that it may turn in the vertical direction about 2.

Preferably, the tip of the agitating blade 29 is arranged so as to move through a small gap along the surface of the bottom portion 22 formed in the drying chamber 15 described above.

As described above, the crushed pieces 81 generated by the stirring blade 29
The crushed pieces 81 in the drying chamber 15 are uniformly exposed to warm air by the swirling of the stirring blade 29 to be dried by the rotation of the stirring blade 29, and the crushed pieces 81 having a low sedimentation speed in the initial airflow contained in the crushed pieces 81. The recovered resin material is dried by the swirling of the stirring blade 29 and the airflow generated in the drying chamber by the suction in the drying chamber 15 performed through the blower connected to the drying chamber 15 via the pipe 43. It is sowed and floated in the chamber 15.

Further, the deposits 84 such as sand, mud and residual beverages mixed in the crushed pieces 81 are dried by warm air, partly evaporated and finely crushed by stirring by the stirring blades 29 to be dried. Is collected in a collection box 44 provided below the screen 54 via a screen 54 formed on the bottom portion 22 of the base.

The position of the stirring blade 29 is not particularly limited, and the crushed pieces are stirred, an impact force is applied to the crushed pieces, and an air current which causes the stirred crushed pieces 81 to fly in the drying chamber 15 is generated. Any configuration may be used as long as the stirring blade 29 can be turned in the vertical direction, or can be arranged so as to turn in the horizontal direction.

The shape of the stirring blade 29 is plate-like, plow-like,
In addition, any shape may be used as long as the shape contributes to the stirring of the crushed pieces 81 and the generation of the air flow in the drying chamber 15 as described above, such as a shape similar to a propeller or a screw.

As shown in FIG. 6, the stirring blade 29 described above
A plate-like stirring plate 36 that connects between the tips of the rods 34 is attached to a stirring blade 29 formed in a plow shape by projecting the four rods 34 in parallel.

The stirring blade 29 configured as described above is implanted in the drying chamber 15 so as to be orthogonal to a shaft 32 arranged in the horizontal direction. The shaft 32 is used as a drive source for the motor 21 and the like. By connecting and rotating, the stirring blade 29 is configured to be able to swirl in the drying chamber 15 to stir the crushed pieces 81.

In the present embodiment, two stirring blades 29, 2 arranged at 180 ° symmetrical positions about the shaft are used.
9 are respectively shifted by 90 °, and four sets are arranged at equal intervals, and a total of eight stirring blades 29 are arranged (FIGS. 6 and 7).
reference).

The shape of the stirring blade 29 is not limited to the above-mentioned shape. For example, a punching metal having a hole such as a rectangular or circular hole, or a metal mesh at the center can be used. Or a bar-like body 34 may be simply arranged in parallel to form a plow-shaped stirring blade 29.

The tip of the stirring blade 29 may have various shapes. For example, the stirring blade 29 may be configured as a blade having a sharp tip, or may be configured to have a shape in which a large number of projections project. Can also.

The crushed pieces 81 of the PE film which are stirred by the rotation of the stirring blade 29 and float in the drying chamber 15 are dried by suction by a blower (not shown) connected via a pipe 43 above the drying chamber 15. The airflow generated in the chamber 15 is sucked together with the air in the drying chamber, and is partially collected as the resin material to be recovered.

This blower has a performance of 2.2 kW, 100 m ³ / min in the present embodiment, and the above-mentioned suspended crushed pieces 81 are shown by the air current generated in the drying chamber by the suction. It is sucked and collected in a zircon collection tank and the like, and the odor and the like generated during drying are simultaneously sucked and deodorized by means such as circulating in a furnace, and then released to the atmosphere.

On the other hand, the crushed pieces 81 dried by the hot air introduced into the drying chamber 15 from the furnace 40 through the hot air inlet 42 through the hot air inlet 42 are stirred by the stirring blades 15 to pass through the remaining beverage, rainwater, mud and the like. The crushed pieces 81 that have been bonded to each other are separated, and the attached matter 84 such as beverages and mud attached to each crushed piece 81 is dried and the moisture is evaporated to a solid content. Fragment 81 by the impact force of stirring by wing 29
Peeled or separated from the surface and slightly crushed.

The adhering matter 84 ′ such as mud and beverage pulverized by stirring by the stirring blade 29 passes through the screen 54 formed at the bottom of the drying chamber 15 and is discharged out of the drying chamber 15. It is collected in a collection box 44 arranged below the screen 54.

A pipe (not shown) connected to a blower or the like is connected to the collection box 44, and the collected deposits 84 'can be sucked by the blower or the like and collected in a collection tank or the like. It can also be configured as follows.

The collected waste agricultural film as a processing target is crushed as a resin material to be recovered to a side of, for example, about 15 to 15 mm, and the crushed pieces are put into the inlet 28 from above the drying / classifying apparatus 10 by a bucket conveyor or the like. For example, 25 kg is fed into the drying chamber 15 as a processing amount per batch.

The crushed pieces 81 put into the drying chamber 1
While being stirred by the rotation of the stirring blades 29 in the furnace 5, it is dried by being exposed to warm air of about 50 to 90 ° C. introduced into the drying chamber 15 from the furnace 40 through the warm air inlet 42. The temperature in the drying chamber at this time was about 42 to 77 ° C.

Even when the waste agricultural film is crushed, the crushed pieces 81 which are continuous or solidified due to oil or the like are crushed.
Although it does not float inside, it is softened by being exposed to the warm air, and as described above, while the attached matter is separated, the mass is stirred by the stirring blade, and the mass returns to a flake shape and soars in the drying chamber 15.

The crushed pieces 81 are collected in the drying chamber 1
5 is performed together with the suction of the air inside, when the filth, spoiled vegetables, foods, etc. adhered to the waste agriculture film emits a bad smell during the drying, or the irritating odor due to the heating by the introduction of warm air. Even in the case where a bad odor or the like is generated, the bad odor and the like are sucked together with the crushed pieces 81. Therefore, by making the sucked bad odor odorless by a known method, the generation of the bad odor can also be prevented.

When the crushed pieces 81 are dried by the stirring blade 29 while being exposed to the warm air as described above, the adhered substances adhered to the crushed pieces 81 are each separated by the evaporation of water such as rainwater and muddy water. The adhering material 84 adhered to each crushed piece 81 and dried to a solid state is crushed into a fine powder when being stirred by the stirring blade 29 to form a screen 54 formed on the bottom portion 22. It is discharged outside the drying chamber 15 through the drying chamber.

On the other hand, when the deposits 84 are industrial oils such as engine oil and other lubricating oils, the oils as the deposits have increased fluidity due to heating by warm air, so that the gaps between the crushed pieces 81 are reduced. It passes and flows downward and passes through the screen 54 to be collected in the collection box 44.

As described above, the deposits 84 such as mud, beverages, oils, etc. are removed to some extent, and some of the crushed pieces 81 composed of the resin forming the waste agricultural film and some of the deposits and other foreign substances are removed. The mixture of the crushed pieces 81 is recovered by opening an outlet 27 as an extraction means formed at the bottom 15 of the drying chamber, and is fed to the next crushing step.

Test Example Next, the results of drying and classifying the crushed pieces using a drying and classifying apparatus are shown below.

The waste agricultural film used in this experiment was not subjected to any pretreatment such as washing.

The waste agricultural film was crushed to a side of about 15 to 15 mm by a third crushing step, and the crushed pieces were dried and classified.

The conditions of the drying / classifying apparatus used in this experiment are as shown in Table 1.

[0064]

[Table 1]

Using the above experimental apparatus, one batch, about 2 batches
5 kg of waste agricultural film was dried and classified. As a result, 23.8 kg of PE, which is a crushed piece of waste agricultural film, and beverages, mud, and other deposits adhering to the waste agricultural film are evaporated or dried, and 0.8 kg of crushed deposit is recovered. Was. Evaporation of water was observed, and the water content was 0.4 wt%.

Note that the color is slightly increased in transparency.

In the recovered PE, no visible large mud or adhered dry matter was observed.

[Crushing Step] The crushed pieces 81 made of the dried waste agricultural film are further cut into fine pieces or crushed in a broader sense by using a crushing means together with the adhered substance. A roughly crushed piece 82 having a rectangular shape of about 12 × 12 mm, a square of about 5 × 5 mm or other irregular shape, but having a side of about 6 mm or less is formed. At this point, as in the above-mentioned [crushing step],
The above-mentioned deposits are attached to the surface of each coarse crush piece 82.

The crushing means cuts and crushes the crushed pieces 81 to form crushed pieces 82 of an appropriate size. In this embodiment, the crushing means is referred to as a "cutter mill" for convenience.

FIG. 9 shows a cutter mill 1 as an example of the crushing means.
20 is shown. Reference numeral 121 denotes a cutter mill body, which is a cylindrical casing having an upper surface opening, and the opening is covered with a lid 122 that can be opened and closed. The lid 122 is provided with an inlet 123 into which the crushed pieces 81 to be crushed are introduced into the cutter mill main body 121.

Further, a cutter support 124 is provided in the cutter mill main body 121, which is rotatably supported on the bottom surface of the cutter mill main body 121 and is rotated in a horizontal direction by rotation driving means (not shown). Three long rotating blades 125 are provided, and these three rotating blades 125 are disposed so as to form an equal angle of 120 degrees in the rotation direction of the cutter support 124, and the cutting edges of the three rotating blades 125 are the same. It is located on the rotation locus of. Furthermore, the three rotating blades 1
The second fixed blade 126 is fixed to the cutter mill main body 121 at a position substantially symmetrical to the rotation locus of the cutting edge of the rotary blade 125 with a slight gap from the rotation locus of the cutting edge of the 25 blades.
6, the cutter support body 124, and the rotary blade 125 divide the inside of the cutter mill body 121 into two, and form a charging chamber 127 and a crushing chamber 128. The charging port 123 of the lid 122 is connected to the charging chamber 1.
27. The second fixed blade 126 and the rotary blade 12
The clearance with 5 cuts the material to be crushed to the desired size,
Or, in a broad sense, it can be adjusted freely so that it can be crushed. The clearance of this embodiment is 0.2 to 0.3 mm. Further, the crushing chamber 128 is provided between the two fixed blades 126 and the rotary blade 1.
The screen is partitioned by a mesh screen 129 so as to surround the 25 rotation trajectories. The screen 129 is
In this embodiment, the mesh is made of a mesh through which coarse crushed pieces 82 each having a size of about 10 mm can pass. The crushing chamber 12
At the lower end of the cutter mill body 121, an outlet for discharging the coarse crushed pieces 82 is provided.

In the cutter mill 120 described above, the lid 12
2 formed by the crusher 110 and the cutter mill 120 in the step 1 [crushing step]
When a crushed piece 81 having a size of about × 15 mm is thrown in and the cutter support 124 is rotated by a rotation driving means (not shown), the crushed piece 81 causes the screen 129 to move between the rotary blade 125 and the fixed blade 126 of the cutter support 124. Although the shape and the area are indefinite, a roughly crushed piece 82 of approximately 10 × 10 mm or less and approximately 10 mm or less in size and one side of about 10 mm or less.
And discharged from the discharge port to the next step.

The crushing means is not limited to the cutter mill described above, but may be, for example, the crusher.

At this point, the above-mentioned deposits such as mud slightly fall off on the surface of each coarse crushed piece 82, but have a substantially opaque thin black color.

[Washing / Separation / Classification / Sizing Step] The coarsely crushed pieces 82 crushed by the crushing means in the above-mentioned [crushing step].
, A centrifugal force is applied while applying an impact grinding force.
In the present embodiment, a case where the coarse crushed pieces 82 obtained through the [crushing step] are treated will be described. Separated from the surface of the coarse crushed piece 82 by applying a centrifugal force to each of the coarse crushed pieces 82 and the attached matter on the surface thereof. That is, the crushed pieces 82
By applying an impact force to the crushed pieces, the separation of the attached matter is promoted, and the impact force slightly suppresses the centrifugal action acting on the crushed pieces 82. On the other hand, since the centrifugal force of the adhering substance is hardly suppressed, the adhering substance on the surface of the adhering substance jumps out to the outer peripheral side faster than the crushed piece 82 itself, so that the adhering substance is easily separated from the crushed piece 82 and washed. Further, since the temperature of the attached matter on the surface is increased by the frictional heat with each of the crushed pieces 82 due to the impact force, the attached matter is more easily separated.
When an impact grinding force having both an impact force and a grinding force is applied to the coarse crushed pieces 82, the coarse crushed pieces 82 are beaten strongly, and the separation of the adhered substances is promoted in the course of the beating, and The deposits due to the centrifugal action are separated from the surface of the crushed pieces 82. Each crushed piece 82 is at 500-700 rpm,
The processing is performed for about 90 seconds, and each coarse crushed piece 82 is granulated, polished, and sized in a film flake shape of about 6 to 7 m on a side by an impact crushing force.

It is to be noted that the waste agricultural film is characterized by being granulated, polished and sized in the form of flakes of the film due to the properties of PE itself when an impact milling force is applied.

Incidentally, the amount of one batch varies depending on processing conditions such as the rotation speed, the presence or absence of air, and the temperature. In this embodiment, the procedure is as follows. The flakes of the PE film that had been treated at a production rate of seconds, granulated, polished, sized, and recovered had an adhesion rate of 0.1 wt% or less.

The washing / separation / classification / granulation means separates and removes the adhering matter from the crushed pieces 82 of the waste agricultural film of the waste agricultural film, beats and cleans the crushed pieces 82, granulates, grinds, and adjusts the size. It is a means for granulating and collecting, and in this embodiment, is referred to as a “separator” for convenience.

In FIGS. 10 and 11, a separator 130 has a central portion of a fixed disk 131 and a supply input port 132 for inputting each of the coarse crushed pieces 82.
The fixed end plate 133 faces the fixed disk 131 with the processing space 155 therebetween, and the outer peripheral edge of the fixed end plate 133 is fixed to the fixed disk 131 by the peripheral side plate 135. The processing space 15
5 is provided with a movable disk 141 that is rotationally driven by a rotating horizontal shaft 142, and the rotating horizontal shaft 142 includes bearings 143, 14
It is pivoted by three. The rotation horizontal shaft 142 is rotationally driven by rotation driving means such as a motor (not shown).

On the fixed disk 131, each fixed pin 134 is sequentially implanted on a plurality of concentric circles (relative to the movable disk 141) on the rotation trajectories a1 to a6 (FIG. 11). On the other hand, on the movable disk 141, movable pins 144 that are alternately inserted on a plurality of rotation trajectories b1 to b6 different from the fixed pins 134 are sequentially planted, and these fixed and movable pins 134 , 144 are beaten by an impact attrition force or are positioned so as to obtain a grinding and sizing action. Further, a discharge screen 156 is provided between the outer periphery of the movable disk 141 and the peripheral side plate 135. A screen 151 having a predetermined mesh formed by punching pores having a desired diameter is provided around the discharge disk 156. An outlet 152 is provided. In addition, a blower (not shown) is connected to the outlet 152. In this embodiment, the screen 151 is a mesh having a diameter of 2.5 to 3.0 m, but is usually a mesh having a diameter of 3 m or less, preferably 3.0 m.

The screen 151 of the processing space 155
An outlet 153 is provided in the lower part of the inside, and a three-way solenoid valve 238 for opening / closing control is provided in the outlet 153. The outlet 153 may be connected to a blower of 42 m3 / min. For sucking air in the separator 130, and may be connected to the supply inlet 132 via the blower.

In practice, the fixed and movable pins 134, 1
The grinding force applied to the coarse crushed pieces 82 is reduced by increasing the clearance between the pieces 44, and the grinding force is increased by decreasing the clearance. Crushed pieces 8
2 is a liquid, the clearance can be adjusted so as to apply an impact force by weakening the crushing force on the coarse crushed pieces 82, which is the particle size of the recovered resin material to be granulated and sized. Is adjusted in accordance with the desired size of.

Therefore, in the separator 130, the rotary disk 142 is rotated by rotating the horizontal shaft 142 by a rotation driving means (not shown), and the coarse pieces 82 are supplied to the supply inlet 1.
32, the coarse crushed pieces 82 are located at the center of the processing space 155, and are beaten or polished by the impact crushing force between the fixed and movable pins 134 and 144, and the sizing and centrifuging actions are performed. Receiving the impact grinding force, gradually approaching the outer peripheral side while being beaten or polished and sized. In this process, even if each coarse crush piece 82 is hit by the impact of the impact attrition force, the separation of the deposit from the coarse crush piece 82 is promoted, and furthermore, even if centrifugal force acts on each coarse crush piece 82 and the deposit on the surface thereof. The crushed piece 82 itself receives the impact attrition force between the fixed and movable pins 134 and 144, so that the speed at which the crushed piece 82 jumps out to the outer peripheral side can be suppressed. Can not be suppressed. Therefore, the attached matter jumps out to the outer peripheral side faster than the coarse crushed piece 82 due to the difference in the centrifugal force, so that the attached matter is easily separated from the coarse crushed piece 82. Further, the frictional heat generated by the impact crushing force with each of the coarsely crushed pieces 82 raises the temperature of the oil on the surface of the coarsely crushed pieces 82 and further facilitates the separation of the oil from the surface of the roughly crushed pieces 82. It should be noted that the waste agricultural film has its own properties so that each coarse crushed piece 82 is granulated, polished, and sized in a substantially flake shape of the film and separated from the coarse crushed piece 82 and one of the finely crushed coarse crushed piece 82. The portion passes through the screen 151 by the centrifugal action of each movable pin 144, is classified into the discharge space 156, and is sucked and discharged to the outside from the discharge port 152 through the blower of 52 m ³ / min.

On the other hand, the sizing resin material 83 having a size that does not pass through the screen 151,
Stay in one. However, since the outlet 153 and the supply inlet 132 are communicated via the blower with the three-way solenoid valve 238 opened, the PE sized resin material 83 taken out from the outlet 153 is supplied to the supply inlet. After being returned to 132 and subjected to impact milling force again in the separator 130, it is beaten or polished and sized again, and the deposits 84 remaining on the surface of the sized resin material 83 are centrifugally applied to remove the adhered material 84 by centrifugal force. And passes through the screen 151 and is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 152 as described above.

The recovered PE resin material sized as described above is taken out from the outlet 153 as a recovered resin material and a recovered metal material.

The processing space 155 of the separator 130 may be used instead of or together with the blower.
Compressed air is sent into the inside of the fixed end plate 133, and the sized resin material 8 having a size that cannot pass through the screen 151 to a supply inlet port communicated through a pipe through a hole formed in the fixed end plate 133.
3 may be refluxed.

Incidentally, the take-out means can be automatically collected in the collection tank 240. Hereinafter, the latter embodiment will be described. In FIG. 10, separators 130 are provided at symmetrical positions so as to be rotated by a common rotation driving unit, and each separator 130 feeds each of the coarsely crushed pieces 82 (or coarsely crushed pieces 82) processed in the previous step into a supply inlet 132.
It is configured to supply to.

The separator 130 communicates the outlet 153 of the recovered resin material with the supply inlet 132 via the communication pipe 235, and connects the pipe 236 from a compressed air supply source (not shown) to the outlet of the communication pipe 235. Communicate. A flow straightening plate is provided at a communication portion of the pipe 236 so that compressed air mainly flows to the supply inlet 132 side. In addition, the communication pipe 23
5 is provided with a branch pipe 237 that branches from the supply inlet 132 side and communicates with the collection tank 240 for the sized resin material. At a branch point of the branch pipe 237, for example, a three-way electromagnetic switchable by a timer circuit at appropriate set intervals. A valve 238 is provided. On the other hand, the outlet 152 of each separator 130 is connected to a discharge pipe 239.
To the collection tank 250 through the
The adhering matter that has passed through (FIG. 10) can be configured to be sucked by a blower interposed in the discharge pipe 239 and discharged to the collection tank 250.

The separator 130 is started by the rotation driving means, the downstream side of the communication pipe 235 is opened by the three-way solenoid valve 238 and the branch pipe side is closed, and compressed air is supplied from the pipe 236 to the communication pipe 235. As a result, a circulating airflow of compressed air is generated from the communication pipe 235 to the supply inlet 132, the processing space 155, the outlet 153, and again to the communication pipe 235. One batch of each coarse crushed piece 82 is supplied to the supply pipes 231a and 231a.
When it is supplied to the supply inlet 132 through the inlet 31b, the deposits treated in the separator 130 and separated from the surface of the crushed pieces 82 are discharged to the collection tank 250 by the blower through the screen 151, while remaining in the screen 151. The sized resin material 83 thus obtained is circulated by the circulating airflow to the communication pipe 2.
Suctioned to 35 and fed again to the processing space 155 and processed in the separator 130, this series of steps is repeated a plurality of times as necessary until almost all the deposits such as oil in one batch are separated and removed. Next, after the above processing is completed, the screen 1 is closed by closing the downstream side of the communication pipe 235 with the three-way solenoid valve 238 and opening the branch pipe side.
The sized resin material 83 remaining in the 51 is recovered from the communication pipe 235 to the recovery tank 240 via the branch pipe 237.

Note that, instead of the three-way solenoid valve 238, a solenoid valve for opening and closing the branch pipe 237 and the communication pipe 2
It is also possible to provide an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes the downstream side of 35, and to open and close these two electromagnetic valves alternately.

As an example, using a single separator 130 experimental machine having the above-described structure, 10 kg of each crushed piece 82 of waste agricultural film is put into the separator 130, and the movable disk 141 is rotated at 60 Hz and 600 rpm. When rotated at a speed, each coarse crushed piece 82 is collected as a PE sized resin material 83 granulated, polished, and sized to a diameter of about 10 mm or less in 3 minutes. The residual amount was 0.1 wt% or less.

In particular, when processing a waste agricultural film to which adhered substances are firmly adhered, it is better to reduce the rotation speed of the movable disk 141 so that PE, which is the main resin of each of the crushed pieces 82, is excessively used. The speed at which the crushed pieces 82 and especially the oils and viscous liquids adhering to the surface thereof due to the centrifugal action of the movable disk 141 jump out to the outer peripheral side due to the centrifugal action of the movable disk 141 are controlled by the movable disk. Even if the rotation speed of the 141 is reduced, the oil and viscous liquid attached to the surface of the crushed pieces 82 are larger than the crushed pieces 82, so that the rotation speed of the movable disk 141 is set so that the PE has a size larger than the mesh of the screen 151. The speed should be as low as possible within the range where granulation, polishing and sizing can be performed.

The recovered resin material had a substantially transparent or translucent colorless, pale white or slightly pale yellow color.

By applying an impact grinding force, mainly an impact force, to a crushed piece or a small piece to be treated to which the above-mentioned various kinds of deposits are attached, and by applying a centrifugal force,
The order in which various adhering substances, crushed pieces or small pieces to be treated, and air, etc. jump out to the outer peripheral side is as follows: air, moisture, low-viscosity liquids, solid substances such as mud and soil, oils in order from the fastest one. (Highly viscous liquid), crushed pieces or small pieces to be treated, and thus various kinds of deposits can be easily separated from the crushed pieces or small pieces to be treated due to the difference in the speed at which the pieces fall out to the outer peripheral side.

The recovered resin material 10 × 10 obtained in the present invention
Since it is in the form of mm or less, it can be sent to a known [preferably a film forming step] provided with a filter network mechanism for the molten resin material.

That is, if the recovered resin material is transparent in a prototype made of recycled greenhouses or the like, a black pigment is added thereto, and the resulting mixture is directly charged into a molding machine such as an extruder, and the multi-layered resin is recovered by a known means such as an inflation method. It can be molded as an agricultural film, or can be extruded into pellets in the form of a molding resin material.

When the multi-use sheet is recycled, the multi-use sheet can be directly sent to the [film-forming step] as a multi-use sheet, and is extruded into pellets in the form of the molding resin material. Can be formed as a multi-layer sheet material.

[0098]

Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects.

By performing air classification at the same time as drying by relatively simple and easy means, even those which were difficult to classify due to deposits such as moisture contained in the object to be treated are discriminated by sedimentation velocity discrimination in the air flow. Separation and classification,
Recycling has become easier.

In particular, it is not necessary to preliminarily clean the collected resin molded product, so that it is possible to prevent the occurrence of pollution and the like due to the cleaning, and it is possible to omit the steps required for cleaning.

By applying an impact attrition force, attached matter is separated and removed from the waste agricultural film to be treated,
Further, this is efficiently granulated as a resin material which is sized and made into a material within a predetermined particle size range, so that it can be reused. Furthermore, it is said that it is particularly difficult to separate the waste agricultural film from the waste agricultural film by applying the impact milling force to the waste agricultural film and applying the centrifugal force, mainly by a synergistic effect of the impact milling force and the centrifugal force. The oily deposits can be easily separated and removed, and the oils can be efficiently granulated as a resin material sized to a predetermined particle size range and made into a material so that it can be reused.

For the above-mentioned reasons, a large amount of water required for the above-mentioned water washing treatment of waste agricultural films and a large amount of equipment for drying treatment are not required, which contributes to resource saving.

In particular, conventionally, a washing liquid for separating oily deposits is not required, and in water washing for other types of deposits, it is possible to prevent the river from being polluted by the drainage of the water washing. It has become possible to eliminate the cost of equipment and operation costs for the purification process.

[0104] Sheets that were previously colored black for multi-use can be greatly re-used for multi-use because of their color, thereby greatly expanding the range of recycling. Was completed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the collection and recovery of waste agricultural film to be treated according to the present invention.
It is a system explanatory view of a processing step which shows the outline when the method of a basic example of a granulation method is applied in principle and typically.

FIG. 2 shows the collection and recovery of waste agricultural film to be treated according to the present invention.
It is a system explanatory view of a processing step which shows the outline when the method of a basic example of a granulation method is applied in principle and typically.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a schematic configuration of an apparatus in one embodiment in a crushing step.

FIG. 4 is a front view of a drying / classifying apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV of FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an opening and closing mechanism at the bottom of the drying chamber.

FIG. 9 is an overall perspective view showing a main part of a cutter mill (crushing means) used in an embodiment of the crushing step of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a washing / separating / classifying / sizing device.

FIG. 11 is a front view for explaining the polishing and sizing operation in FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 drying / classifying device 15 drying chamber 21 motor (of drying / classifying device) 22 bottom (of drying / classifying device) 27 crushed piece (mixture) outlet (of drying / classifying device) 28 crushed piece (mixture) inlet ( 29 Stirring blade 32 Shaft 34 Rod body 36 Stir plate 40 Furnace 42 Hot air inlet 43 Pipe 44 Collection box 54 Screen (of drying / classifying device) 56 Suction port (of drying / classifying device) 81 Crushing Piece 82 Crushed piece 83 Sized resin material 84 (84 ′) Attached substance 110 Crusher 120 Cutter mill 121 Cutter mill body 122 Lid 123 Input port 124 Cutter support 125 Rotary blade 126 Fixed blade 127 Input chamber 128 Crushing chamber 129 Screen 130 Polishing Granulator (separator) 131 Fixed disk 132 Supply inlet 133 Fixed end plate 134 Constant pin 135 Peripheral side plate 141 Movable disk 142 Rotating horizontal axis 143 Bearing 144 Movable pin 151 Screen 152 Outlet 153 Outlet 155 Processing space 156 Drainage space 210a, 210b Crusher 211 Crusher 212 Net conveyor 213 Magnetic force sorter 231a, 231b 235 Communication pipe 236 Pipe 237 Branch pipe 238 Three-way solenoid valve 239 Discharge pipe 240 Recovery tank 250 Collection tank

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B29B 17/00 ZAB B09B 5/00 ZABQ // B29K 105: 26

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A method for separating adhering matter from a waste agricultural plastic film and recovering a resin material, wherein a processing target is a waste agricultural plastic film, and the waste agricultural plastic film is divided into a plurality of crushed pieces. Crushing over several orders, heating and drying in a warm air atmosphere while stirring the crushed pieces, separating the deposits from the processing target by the impact force of the stirring, and optionally separating the separated deposits. Removing the suspended crushed pieces having a low sedimentation rate in the dried processing target, and recovering the suspended crushed pieces by suction, and removing adhering substances that do not float, A step of further crushing the collected crushed pieces into a plurality of crushed pieces; and applying an impact milling force to the crushed crushed pieces to separate deposits from the resin material and to size the resin material. Process and, and the separated deposit optionally step and recovering and granulating method of waste agricultural plastic film comprising at least a step of forming the collection resin material to be removed to be a material of been recovered resin material. 2. A device for separating adhering matter from a waste agricultural plastic film and recovering a resin material, wherein a processing target is a waste agricultural plastic film, and the waste agricultural plastic film is divided into a plurality of crushed pieces. A plurality of crushing means for crushing, a drying chamber into which the crushed pieces are charged, a hot air supply source for supplying hot air into the drying chamber, and a stirring means for stirring the crushed pieces charged into the drying chamber; Means for removing adhering matter separated from the crushed pieces by stirring by the stirring means and supply of hot air from the hot air supply source as needed, and crushed pieces having a slow sedimentation speed in an air current in the crushed pieces. A means for drying by supplying hot air from a hot air supply source and stirring by a stirring means, and for sucking and collecting crushed pieces having a low sedimentation speed in the airflow by floating in a drying chamber; A crushing means for crushing the collected crushed pieces; and a fixed disk having a central portion communicating with a supply inlet of the crushed crushed pieces, and each fixed pin is sequentially planted on a plurality of rotation trajectories. Fixed side washing / separation / classification / granulation means provided on a movable disk provided rotatably opposite to the fixed disk, and each movable pin on a plurality of rotation trajectories different from each of the fixed pins. , A movable side washing / separation / classification / granulation means, which is sequentially implanted, and a classification communicating with a discharge port for discharging the separated deposits on the outer periphery of a combination of the fixed pins and the movable pins. Means, and a take-out means for taking out a collected resin material having a desired particle size or more into a take-out port. Between the fixed pins and the movable pins, the resin material and the attached matter are separated and classified by an impact grinding force and a centrifugal action. And configured so that the resin material can be sized. An apparatus for collecting and granulating plastic films for waste agriculture, comprising: means for washing, separating, classifying and sizing, and means for forming a film of the recovered resin material.