MXPA96002220A

MXPA96002220A - Containment of protective cover for ag

Info

Publication number: MXPA96002220A
Application number: MXPA/A/1996/002220A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Y Van Heugten Anthony
Original assignee: Johnson & Johnson Medical Inc
Priority date: 1995-06-07
Filing date: 1996-06-06
Publication date: 1997-08-01

Abstract

An intravenous catheter with a self-attaching needle shield. The intravenous catheter comprises a catheter assembly that includes a catheter attached to a hollow catheter hub, and an introducer needle assembly. The introducer needle assembly includes a hollow needle with a distal tip, the needle being fixed near its proximal end to a needle hub, the distal end of which is suitable for coupling with the hollow catheter hub. The needle has an outer shape of substantially round diameter that extends along its distal end, and a deformed, non-round outer shape, at a given distance from its distal end, to engage with a needle shield. The needle guard includes a distal portion having a longitudinal extension greater than the given distance and a proximal portion having the same deformed, non-round exterior shape as the needle, to allow the deformed, non-round portion of the needle , pass through it, to engage with and prevent the distal end of the needle from passing through the

Description

CONTAINMENT OF NEEDLE PROTECTIVE COVER BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates, in general, to a protective cover containment for intravenous (IV) needle and, more particularly refers to a containment of intravenous needle cover, covering the tip of the needle. needle after use, to prevent accidental damage by used needles. 2. - Discussion of the prior art The present invention relates to a clinical apparatus of the type in which pointed needles are used to puncture the skin of a patient and, in particular, to catheters that use said needles to make venous punctures. It is well known and it is a common practice by doctors to inject fluids and drugs directly into the bloodstream of patients. Also during surgical operations it is often necessary to administer transfusions of whole blood and parenteral fluids. Historically, the introduction of such fluids into the cardiovascular system of a patient has required performing a venipuncture using a rigid, hollow needle having a proximal attachment site to effect a fluid connection between the needle and an intravenous fluid source, or Similar. This method for administering fluids created some problems that persist, in the prior art. Mainly the stiffness of the needle inside the vein makes the needle, usually placed on the arm, be maintained, for safety reasons, in a fixed position in the general venipuncture site, during the entire duration of the operation. administration or transfusion of the fluid, which can be a considerable time. Secondly, when it has been necessary to periodically extract blood samples and / or successively administer intravenous fluids, it may be necessary for patients to experience venipuncture each time, and repeated venipunctures are usually very traumatic. More recently, it has been practical to insert a flexible catheter tube into a vein and leave the catheter tube in that position, for the purpose of periodically administering the mentioned fluids, for transsessions and medication, to collect blood samples, etc. In this way, trauma, extravasation, infiltration, etc., of repeated venipunctures, and the danger and discomfort of leaving a rigid needle in the body for a prolonged period of time are avoided. To place the distal end of said flexible catheter tube within a body cavity, such as a vascular cavity, a cannulated or hollow needle is used to effect venipuncture. Subsequently, after the venipuncture, the catheter tube, which is mounted telescopically with respect to the needle, is moved relative to said needle, inside the patient's vein. Afterwards, the needle can be completely removed from the catheter tube and can be discarded. Because it has been in the patient's body, it may have been exposed to infectious agents, so the needle represents a danger of infection for the clinical staff, in case that is accidentally punctured with it after the extraction. Intravenous catheters for the infusion of fluids into the peripheral veins of a patient are often produced in two general ways: catheters through the needle, in which a catheter is threaded through the needle cannula and into the a patient's vein, and catheters over the needle, in which the needle and a concentric outer catheter are inserted into the vein, and then the needle is removed from the catheter in place. A typical intravenous catheter, of the on-needle type, requires the user to remove and discard a contaminated needle after the tip of the needle and catheter are properly located in the patient's vein. Once the needle is removed from the catheter, the immediate priorities of the user are the connection to the infusion set and the preparation of the site., which includes the derivation of the catheter to the patient. Due to the urgency of these procedures, the needle is usually dropped conveniently in the immediate vicinity and subsequently recovered. Since at that time the needle is exposed and located near where the user is completing the work with the catheter, accidental damage inflicted with the needle to the staff is not uncommon. The possibility that clinical staff could contract conditions such as AIDS or hepatitis from accidental needling with used needles has been seriously considered. Consequently, an important body of prior art has been developed to prevent such accidental punctures. Now that the variety of conditions to which clinicians are exposed as a result of accidental needle sticks, includes the condition of AIDS, it is even more important to provide a safety mechanism that offers such personnel protection against their own omissions, that is, a device that works without the need for conscious anticipation on your part; a mechanism that automatically protects the tip end of a needle, from the moment it is removed from the body of a patient. Leieu ?, in US Patent 4,952,207 addresses this problem and describes an intravenous catheter that protects clinical staff against accidental punctures, which can result in the transfer of dangerous infections. The catheter is inserted with the aid of a needle, which is subsequently removed from the patient's body towards a needle-holding, protective housing, without exposing the tip of the needle during the process. The needle-holding housing is snapped into place, after the needle is removed, and removal and securing is performed in a single movement. The present invention represents an improvement to the Leyeux patent, which is explained in more detail with reference to figures 1 to "of the present.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Consequently, it is u > . The primary objective of the present invention is to provide a protective cover containment for intravenous needle. It is another object of the present invention to provide a protective cover containment for intravenous needle that ensures that the needle remains secure against accidental punctures, after it is removed from the patient's body. It would be convenient to securely protect a small needle preserver and it would be more convenient for the needle pres- sure to move to its position on the tip of the needle automatically, when removing the patient's needle, without the intervention of any movement. special by the user. In accordance with the teachings herein, this invention provides an intravenous catheter that has a needle retainer that is positioned by itself. The intravenous catheter comprises a catheter assembly that includes a catheter attached to a hollow catheter hub, and an introducer needle assembly. The introducer needle assembly includes a hollow needle with a distal tip, the needle being fixed near its proximal end to a needle hub, the distal end of which is suitable for coupling with the hollow catheter hub. The needle has an outer shape of substantially round diameter, extending along a distal end thereof, and a deformed, non-round outer shape, at a given distance from the distal end, for coupling a needle retainer. The needle preserver includes a distal portion having a longitudinal extension greater than the given distance and a proximal portion having the same deformed, non-round exterior shape as the needle, to allow the deformed, non-round portion of the needle , pass through it, but engage and prevent the distal end of the needle from passing through it. The needle retainer is mounted to move relatively with respect to the needle when the catheter needle is withdrawn, until the deformed, non-round shape of the needle retainer engages with the distal round portion of the needle, position in the needle. which the distal portion of the needle preserver extends and preserves the tip of the needle. In greater detail, the deformed, non-round outer shape of the needle retainer also rionally guides the needle, and the needle retainer additionally includes a sear mechanism to engage with the lumen of the needle to prevent the preserver needle moves back toward the proximal end of the needle when it comes into contact with the latch mechanism. The deformed, non-round shape may be an oval shape or a deformed oval shape, or any suitable non-round shape. The distal portion of the needle retainer preferably comprises a cylindrical portion having an internal diameter slightly larger than the round outer diameter of the needle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The above objects and advantages of the present invention for a protective needle cover can be more readily understood by one skilled in the art when reference has been made to the following detailed description of various embodiments thereof, taken in conjunction with the annexed drawings, wherein the same elements are designated by identical reference numbers in the various views; and in which: Figure 1 illustrates a sectional view of an intravenous catheter of the prior art, constructed with a needle retainer in place, in the catheter hub. Figure 2 illustrates the needle preserver of the ß Figure 1, in cross section detail. Figure 3 illustrates the needle preserver when placed at the proximal end of the needle. Figure 4 illustrates the needle preserver when it is secured at the distal end of the needle. Figure 5 illustrates a sectional view of the needle retainer disposed in place in a catheter hub constructed following the teachings of the present invention. Figure 6 illustrates the needle preserver of Figure 5, when located at the proximal end of the needle. Figure 7 illustrates the needle preserver of Figure 5, when it is secured at the distal end of the needle; and Figures A and 9 are sectional views, taken along line A-A of Figure 6, showing sectional views of different embodiments of the arrow or shaft of the needle.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Referring in detail to the drawings, Figure 1 illustrates a construction for an intravenous catheter, constructed in accordance with the principles of Lemieux, U.S. Patent 4,952,207. The catheter 10 includes a tube 15 made of fluorinated ethylene, propylene or polyurethane material. The tube 15 is tapered at its distal end 14, where it can be easily slid into an opening in the patient's body, formed by a hollow needle 12. The proximal end of the catheter tube 15 is fixed concentrically within the distal end of the catheter. a catheter hub 16, 16 of double diameter. The double diameter hub ends at its proximal end in an ear or abutment, suitable for attaching the catheter hub to tubing equipment that administers a source of intravenous fluid. The catheter 10 is coupled by means of the hollow needle 12, which is fixed at its proximal end to a needle hub 20. The proximal end of the catheter 15 is secured within the passage 17 of the distal end 16 of the catheter hub by means of a sleeve 40. The sleeve 40 is located within the proximal end of the lumen of the catheter 15. By forcing the sleeve 40 into the lumen of the catheter, the sleeve effects a dilation of the proximal end of the catheter until contact with the internal surface of the passage 17, thus locking the hub and catheter together to prevent axial movement between them. The hollow needle 12 extends from its distal tip through the catheter 15 and the sleeve 40 and into a passage 27 in the center of the needle hub 20. The proximal portion of the needle 12 is fixed, such as by epoxy 24, to the distal end of the needle hub 20. The proximal end of the needle 12 extends beyond the epoxy and into the passage, so that the lumen d? The needle does not fill with epoxy during the connection procedure. The distal end 26 of the needle hub 20 is smaller in diameter than the main portion of the needle hub. This lower diameter end is dimensioned to engage the open proximal end of the catheter hub 16. A needle point retainer 30 is located within a cavity 22 in the catheter hub. Figure 2 is an enlarged, sectional view of the preservative 30 of the tip of the needle, which resembles a cylinder with flanges. The cylindrical distal portion 32 of the preserver has an internal opening with a diameter that allows the portion 32 to slide smoothly along the needle 12. The internal diameter of the cylindrical portion 32 is just slightly larger than the outer diameter of the needle . At the proximal end of the preservative 30 is a circular securing flange 34, with a central opening 36, which is concentric with that of the cylindrical portion 32. The diameter of the flange opening 36 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the needle 12. The flange 34 and a proximal portion of the cylindrical portion 32 are slid horizontally by an expansion slot 36. The preservative 30 of the needle tip is made of a flexible material, so that the flange and the cylindrical portion are open by bending and closing again, as described below.

Referring concurrently to Figures 1 and 3, when the catheter and the insertion needle are assembled, before use, the preservative of the needle tip is slid over the needle tip so that it slides to a position adjacent to the needle. distal end of the needle hub 20. Since the flange opening 36 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the needle, the needle will separate the needle tip retainer to open it in the expansion slot 36. The catheter and the The catheter hub slides over the needle until the hub 16 engages with the distal end of the needle hub, as shown in FIG. 1. The preservative 30 of the needle tip is thus enclosed within the cavity 22 of the catheter hub. The spacing of the flange 34 causes the upper and lower parts of the flange to engage with the inner wall of the catheter hub, as indicated at 39. In such a manner, the needle tip retainer is tightly retained within the cavity 22 of the catheter hub. To ensure retention of the needle tip retainer within the cavity 22, it may also be desirable to form projections extending from the inner wall of the catheter hub just to a position close to the intended location of the preserver, as indicated at 44. After the user has properly located the tip of the needle and the distal end of the catheter within the artery or vein of a patient, as indicated by the presence of blood in a rapid exchanger, not shown, it is removed the needle and the needle hub of the catheter, in preparation for connecting a set of tubes to the catheter hub. When the needle is initially withdrawn, the needle tip retainer 30 slides along the needle, but remains in position in the cavity 22, due to the engagement of the flange 34 and the catheter hub at 39. Needle tip retainer 30 slides along the needle, as shown in Figure 3. Finally, the needle is withdrawn so that a coupling slot 50, near the tip of the needle 12 is aligned with the tab 34. At that time the expansion slot 36 of the preservative jumps to close when the eyebrow of the flange around the opening 36 is captured in engagement with the slot 50. Since the flange is no longer separated, it is not retained already with the catheter hub, but it will come out of the cavity 22 in engagement with the needle 12 and the slot 50, as shown in Figure 4. - The needle can then be left aside, safely, without danger of accidental damage. Figure 5 illustrates a sectional view of a needle tip retainer 51, which is located within the cavity 53 of the catheter hub 50. Figure 6 is an enlarged sectional view of the needle tip retainer 51, mounted at the proximal end of the needle arrow 54, with the latch 52 held in a high position by means of the arrow or shaft 54 of the needle. In Figure 5, the latch 52 is engaged against the projection 55, which prevents the needle tip retainer 51 from retracting from the cavity 53, while the latch 52 is retained in the high position by the shaft 54 of the needle. The needle tip retainer 51 has an aperture shape at its proximal end, which conforms to the shape of the deformed section of the needle shank 54, shown in an embodiment of FIG. 6 as the deformed section 56, which it allows the deformed section 56 to slide freely through the opening, but not the round, non-deformed section 59 of the needle. The needle tip retainer 51 has an aperture shape, at its distal end, of a length greater than the undeformed section of the shaft 54 of the needle, and of a shape and size that allows the deformed section and the Non-deformed section of the shaft of the needle slides freely within it. It is this relationship of aperture shape and needle shaft shape which, as will be described later in greater detail, prevents the needle tip retainer from sliding out and exposing the distal end of the needle shaft. After the user has properly positioned the tip of the needle and the distal end of the catheter within the artery or vein of a patient, the needle 54 and the needle hub 56 are removed from the catheter. When the needle is withdrawn, the needle-tip retainer 51 is retained within the cavity 53 by means of the latch 52. The deformed section of the needle 54 slides freely through the needle-tip retainer 51, until the section The distal round of the needle 54 enters and sits within the preservative 51 of the needle tip, which allows that, due to the internal shape of the needle retainer 51, the round section of the needle 54 can not pass through there., preventing the needle tip retainer 51 from slipping off the distal end of the shaft 54 of the needle. When the round section of the needle 54 sits within the needle tip retainer 51, the latch 52 is then directly over the opening of the needle lumen 57, and is no longer being retained by the surface of the needle shaft 54, and it is urged downwards towards the opening of the needle lumen 57 by the spring pressure of the latch 52. When it is pushed downwards two things occur; first, the latch 52 will prevent the needle tip retainer 51 from retracting on the needle shaft to expose the needle tip again; and second, the latch 52 is now clear of the projection 55, which allows the preservative 51 of the needle tip and the latch 52 to retract out of the cavity 53, while being secured over the distal end of the needle shaft 54 , when it is removed from the catheter hub. In Figure 7 the latch 52 is shown urged into the opening of the needle lumen 57, while the needle tip retainer 51 is at the distal end of the needle arrow 54.

Figures 6 and 9 are sectional views, taken along line A-A of Figure 6, showing cross-sectional views of different patterns of the needle arrow. In the first embodiment of Figure 6, the needle shaft defines a deformed shape, oval, and a round shape 59. In the second embodiment of Figure 6, the needle shaft defines a shape 56 'deformed inwards and a round shape 59 '. In summary, a portion of the round needle shaft is deformed to an oval shape (or other deformity) and the internal dimensions of the needle retainer adapt to that shape and size, which allows the protective preservative to slide along of the oval section, deformed, but not along the round section. This design not only restricts the movement of the preservative beyond the distal end of the needle, but also rotationally orientates the preservative, allowing a sear mechanism to engage with the lumen of the needle to prevent the preservative from move again towards the proximal end of the needle. Although various embodiments and variations of the present invention for a protective needle cover containment are described in detail herein, it should be apparent that the description and teachings of the present invention will suggest to those skilled in the art many alternative designs.

Claims

NOVELTY OF THE INVENTION CLAIMS

1. - An intravenous catheter with a needle guard that is located by itself, characterized because it comprises: a. a catheter assembly that includes a catheter attached to a hollow catheter hub; b. an introducer needle assembly, including a hollow needle with a distal tip; the needle being fixed near its proximal end to a needle hub; the distal end of the needle pocket is suitable for coupling with the hollow catheter hub; the needle has an outer shape of substantially round diameter, extending along its distal end, and a deformed, non-round outer shape, at a given distance from its distal end, for coupling with a needle shield; and c. A needle guard that includes a distal portion having a longitudinal extension greater than said given distance, and a proximal portion having the same deformed, non-round exterior shape as the needle; to allow the deformed, non-round portion of the needle to pass through, but to engage with and prevent the distal end of the needle from passing through; said needle guard is mounted for relative movement with respect to the needle, when the needle is withdrawn from the catheter, until the deformed, non-round shape of the needle guard engages with the distal round portion of the needle, position wherein the distal portion of the needle guard extends over and protects the tip of the needle.

2. An intravenous catheter according to claim 1, further characterized in that the deformed, non-round outer shape of the needle shield rotationally orients the deformed, non-round portion of the needle; and the needle guard further includes a detent mechanism for coupling the lumen of the needle and preventing the needle guard from moving back toward the proximal end of the needle, when engaging the detent mechanism.

3. An intravenous catheter according to claim 2, further characterized in that the catheter includes a projection that locks the needle guard in the hollow cube of the catheter, while the needle shaft, of round diameter, is present and extends to through the needle guard.

4. An intravenous catheter according to claim 1, further characterized in that the non-round, deformed shape is an oval shape.

5. An intravenous catheter according to claim 1, further characterized in that the deformed shape, not round, is a shape that is deformed inwardly.

6. An intravenous catheter according to claim 1, further characterized in that the distal portion of the needle guard comprises a cylindrical portion having an internal diameter slightly larger than the round outer diameter of the needle. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An intravenous catheter with a needle guard that locates itself. The intravenous catheter comprises a catheter assembly that includes a catheter attached to a hollow catheter hub, and an introducer needle assembly. The introducer needle assembly includes a hollow needle with a distal tip; the needle being fixed near its proximal end to a needle hub, the distal end of which is suitable for coupling with the hollow catheter hub. The needle has an outer shape of substantially round diameter that extends along its distal end, and a deformed, non-round outer shape, at a given distance from its distal end, to engage with a needle shield. The needle guard includes a distal portion having a longitudinal extension greater than the given distance and a proximal portion having the same deformed, non-round exterior shape as the needle, to allow the deformed, non-round portion of the needle , pass through it; to mate with and prevent the distal end of the needle from passing through it. The needle guard is mounted to move relatively with respect to the needle when the catheter needle is removed, until the deformed, non-round shape of the needle shield engages the distal round portion of the needle, in which position the distal portion of the needle shield extends over and protects the needle tip. The deformed, non-round outer shape of the needle guard also rotationally orientates the deformed, non-round portion of the needle; and the needle guard further includes a detent mechanism for engaging the lumen of the needle, to prevent the needle guard from moving back toward the proximal end of the needle when engaged with the detent mechanism. CR / vs P96 / 326