MXPA95005212A - Coupling connections for batteries elaborated from an enplomo based alloy, containing antimony, arsenic, tin ysele - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a coupling connection for molded battery for a lead-acid battery, this coupling connection is made of a lead-based alloy, characterized in that it consists essentially of about 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, approximately 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of tin, approximately 0.008 to 0.1% by weight of selenium and the rest lead, providing that if the tin content is 0.2% by weight to higher, the Arsenic content is at least approximately equal to the content of this

Description

COUPLING CONNECTIONS FOR BATTERIES PROCESSED FROM LEAD-BASED DNA ALLOY, CONTAINING ANTIMONY, ARSENIC, TIN AND SELENIUM BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Lead-based alloys containing small amounts of antimony together with other elements such as arsenic and tin have been used to produce grids for lead-acid batteries. See, for example, Peters in U.S. Pat. No. 3,912,537, Nijhawan et al. In U.S. Pat. No. 3,990,893 and Nijhawan in the Patent of .tos E.U.A. No. 3,801,310. Lead-antimony alloys have also been used for other conductive battery components such as coupling connections / connectors between cells, but it has even been recognized that strip alloys and grid alloys have different requirements and therefore different compositions. Alloys for molded coupling connections, for example, must have the ability to be attached to the lugs of the grille during the molding process. Lead-based alloys containing antimony and other elements have long been used to form molded battery coupling connections. For example, Mix in U.S. Pat. No. 3,764,386 and "New Developments In Battery Strap Alloys", (New Developments in Alloys for Battery Coupling Connections), The battery Man, September 1989, p. 18. Rao and collaborators in the Patent of the J3, .U.A. No. 5,169,734, describes a lead-based coupling connections, which essentially consists of from about 3.0 to 3.3% by weight of antimony, from about 0.04 to 0.07% by weight of arsenic, from about 0.04 to 0.07% by weight of tin, and from about 0.014 to 0.020. % by weight of selenium. When used to produce battery coupling connections to use lead-acid batteries, this alloy has good mechanical properties and the important ability to withstand prolonged exposure to high temperatures. The patent of Rao et al. Places great emphasis on importance in the above proportions, but does not explain why using each ingredient in the established range is critical to obtain the desired properties. The composition of Rao et al. Employs very low amounts of tin and arsenic and the beneficial effects of these ingredients are limited accordingly. The present invention details the importance of each of antimony, tin, arsenic and selenium in a lead-based strip alloy and provides the surprising result that superior corrosion resistance can be obtained outside of the narrow ranges set forth in the patent. Rao and collaborators. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It has been found that, for lead-based alloys (rue) contain antimony and arsenic, tin and selenium, increased additions of antimony, arsenic and selenium in general have a favorable effect on long-term corrosion resistance of strip battery in a lead-acid battery environment, where the tin has an unfavorable effect such that increased quantities of tin dramatically reduce the resistance to high temperature corrosion.It has also been found that unfavorable effects of tin on corrosion resistance and stress cracking resulting from the connection and / or welding, should they be moderated by increasing the levels of the other three elements, particularly arsenic, which can provide a predictable level of increase in corrosion resistance for a given arsenic content. of highly convenient alloys to use in coupling connections molded battery and connectors between cells, has been developed based on their -principles. These lead-based alloys essentially consist of from about 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, from about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic., from about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of tin, and from about 0.008 to 0.1% by weight of selenium and the rest of lead, wherein the content of at least one of arsenic, tin and selenium is within the following ranges: from about 0.075 to 0.5% by weight of tin, from about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, and from about 0.021 to 0.03% by weight of selenium. A lead-based alloy of high tin content according to the invention contains from about: 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of tin, and 0.008 a 0.1% by weight of selenium, the rest is essentially lead. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, it has been discovered that relatively high levels of tin can be employed in alloys of this type because the amounts of Sb, As and Se, can be adjusted to provide the capacity to withstand the temperature of 76.7 °. C (170 ° F) when cycling continuously during an accelerated corrosion test. A lead-based alloy with moderate tin content according to the invention contains approximately: 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, 0.075 to 0.2% by weight of tin, and 0.008 to 0.1 % by weight of selenium, the rest is essentially lead. In this alloy, the amount of tin provides better fluidity to the alloy than 0.04 - 0.07% by weight Sn of Rao et al., While avoiding the increase in corrosion that begins to become substantial at -about 0.2% by weight of Sn, as demonstrated by the examples below. A lead-based alloy of high arsenic content according to the invention contains from about: 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, 0.04 to 0.5% by weight of tin, and ... 0.008 at 0.1% by weight of selenium, the rest is essentially lead. According to this embodiment, it has been found that maintaining the arsenic content of at least about 0.1% by weight has a favorable effect on corrosion resistance and reduces the corrosion promoting effect of tin, especially at tin levels of approximately 0.2%. in weight or higher. A high-lead alloy based alloy according to the invention contains from about: 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, 0.04 to 0.5% by weight of tin, and 0.021 to 0.1% by weight of selenium, the remainder being essentially lead In contrast to the findings of the Rao et al patent discussed above, it has been found that amounts of selenium above 0.020% by weight, generally provide better corrosion resistance and -part other properties suitable for the alloy as discussed further below: The present invention further provides battery components, particularly molded battery coupling connections, made from the alloy according to the invention. The invention is described in detail below: In the description that follows, the use of the words "preferred" or "preferably" does not necessarily It dignifies that a range of established quantity lacks criticality for one or more purposes. While a wide range can satisfy the general objectives of the invention in providing a useful alloy in battery components such as coupling connections, a preferred range will often establish the range in which an unexpected improvement in properties is obtained. Similarly, for purposes of the invention, the The word "approximately", when used in connection with the numerical ranges, means that quantities close to, but not literally within, the numerical range, however, will not be considered within the range. For example, 3,251 and approximately 3.25 and 0.0209 is approximately 0.021. Ranges expressed herein refer to the alloy before molding, during which some loss of volatile elements may occur.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS _ In the accompanying drawings: FIGURE 1 is a three-dimensional graph of the arsenic content (% by weight) and antimony content (% by weight) against corrosion resistance for a model containing 0. 18% by weight of tin, 0.016% by weight of selenium, and the rest of lead. FIGURE 2 is a three-dimensional graph of tin content (% by weight) and arsenic content (% in that) against corrosion resistance for a model containing j.106% by weight of antimony, 0.020% by weight of selenium, and the rest of lead. FIGURE 3 is a three-dimensional graph of selenium content (% by weight) and antimony content (% by weight) against corrosion resistance for a model containing 0. 18% by weight of tin, 0.18% by weight of arsenic and the rest of lead. FIGURE 4 is a three-dimensional graph of selenium content (% by weight) and tin content (% by weight) against corrosion resistance for a model containing 3. 0% by weight of antimony, 0.18% by weight of arsenic and the rest of lead. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED MODALITIES Alloys of the invention having antimony, arsenic, tin and selenium in the ranges previously established, are designed to achieve an alloy which can = > corrosion during continuous exposure to high temperatures, ie 68.3 ° C (155 ° F) in a lead-acid battery SLl (starting, ignition and ignition) for long periods without corroding to the point where cracking of the strip occurs and / or welding, breaking the electrical connection inside the battery. The alloy must also have sufficient mechanical strength to be useful with a battery strip. For purposes of the invention, "coupling connector" refers to an elongated connector that is clamped on the lugs of the positive plates of a battery cell, extends through or over the non-conductive cell partition wall, and it is attached to the negative plate lugs of the next adjacent cell. For the first and last cells in the series, the strip connects either to the positive or negative terminal. These coupling connections are commonly provided when molding the coupling alloy through an orifice near the - "Superior reliability of each cell-based plastic separation wall." All of the conventional SLL coupling connector assembly, see Rao patent and co-workers of US No. 5,169,734, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. According to the invention, antimony is provided at or near 3% by weight in order to provide the alloy with strength characteristics equal to fusion, however, antimony exceeding approximately 3.25% by weight, -especially 3.5%. by weight, it results in a gradual decrease in corrosion resistance in the alloy, insufficient antimony (less than 2.75% by weight, especially less than 2.5% by weight) will not provide adequate strength for a high performance battery strip. accelerates the hardening by aging effe -fe alloy and as shown below, increases the corrosion resistance.A minimum amount of 0.01% in ^ that is required e to achieve these effects and the minimum must be at least about 0.1% by weight if arsenic is required to provide improved anti-corrosion effects. However, arsenic is highly toxic and can be volatilized during the molding process, forming toxic vapors. Arsenic can also reduce the tensile strength and impact of the alloy when employed in amounts of about 0.25-0.5% by weight. The amount is therefore -I prefer limited to 0.5% by weight or less, especially to a smaller amount as required to achieve the desired properties. Tin improves the fluidity of the alloy and thus improves the moldability. Alloys of very low tin content (less than about 0.07% by weight) can cause problems during strip molding, ie foaming (oxidation) of the lead alloy. A minimum amount that can be found in the range of 0.01-0.04%? Sn weight is required to provide any improvement in moldability and even tin is omitted for the high arsenic and high selenium content embodiments of the invention, if otherwise it is determined that moldability is appropriate. However, as noted above, tin also has a deleterious effect on corrosion resistance at levels of approximately 0.2% by weight and above, and the effect becomes excessive at levels above 0.5%, - ^ n weight. Selenium is used as a grain refiner and has been found to improve resistance to high temperature corrosion at levels up to and exceeding 0.021% by weight. Without at least about 0.008% by weight of selenium, the alloy has a large grain structure that fails rapidly in a high temperature SLL battery environment. Beyond about 0.1% by weight, the addition of selenium has a "Noxious affect in both mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the alloy and the aggregate amount will generally exceed the limit of selenium solubility in the lead-based alloy." Alloys of the invention should be free of other elements that would interfere with the balance of properties obtained in the alloy In particular, the sulfur interferes with the effect of selenium and is preferably limited to 0.008% by weight or less, especially 0.001% by weight or less, - traces in traces and addition of others elements that do not significantly affect the Pb-As-Sn-Se system, such as bismuth in amounts of up to about 0.5% by weight or copper in an amount of up to about 0.05% by weight, are allowable. high content of arsenic / high tin content according to the invention preferably contains from about: 2.75% to 3.25% by weight of antimony, 0.1 to 0.5 % by weight of arsenic, 0.1 to 0.25% by weight of tin, and 0.008 to 0.03% by weight of selenium, is essentially lead. In accordance with this aspect of the invention, it has been found that the corrosion promoting effects of tin levels in the above sub-range can be effectively controlled by maintaining a corresponding arsenic content. In particular, with the tin content being less than 0.2% by weight, a prescribed level of arsenic higher than 0.1% by weight is not required. However, when the tin content is about 0.2% by weight or more, the arsenic content is preferably at least approximately equal to the tin content, and more advantageously greater than the tin content in an amount of at least 0.02 additional. % by weight of arsenic per 0.01% by weight of tin over 0.2% by weight. For example, at 0.21% on tin, arsenic is at least 0.22% by weight and 0.22% by weight. % by weight of tin, arsenic is at least 0.24% by weight. Maintaining this ratio will provide a strip capable of withstanding continuous exposure at a temperature of at least 76.7 ° C (170 ° F) for at least 6 weeks (value of 4 higher on the scale used in Figure 2, see below) when Cycles continuously during an accelerated corrosion test. Keeping the arsenic content at least equal to the tin content ^ when Sn is greater than 0.2% by weight, will provide a strip Able to withstand continuous exposure to accelerated corrosion connections for at least 4 weeks (value 3 or more on the scale used in the drawing figures). An alloy based on lead, of preferred moderate tin according to the invention preferably contains from about: • 2.75 to 3.25% by weight of antimony, 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of tin, and 0.008 to 0.03% by weight of selenium, the rest is essentially lead. In this alloy, the amount of arsenic is less critical because the amount of tin is kept within a range where its corrosion effects are limited, particularly if a range of about -0-3.25 Sb is employed. A lead-based, high-selenium-preferred alloy according to the invention contains from about: 2.75 to 3.25% by weight of antimony, 0.01 to 0.3% by weight of arsenic, 0.01 to 0.25% by weight of tin, and 0.021 at 0.1% by weight of selenium, the rest is essentially lead. In view of the aspects of Solubility and a slight reduction of corrosion resistance to high levels of selenium, a range of 0.021 to 0.03 wt.% Se, particularly 0.021 to 0.024 wt.% Se, is particularly preferred for these alloys For the reasons discussed above, an alloy of high selenium content of 2.75 to 3.25% by weight of antimony, 0.1 to 0.3% by weight of arsenic, 0.1 to 0.25% by weight of tin, and 0.021 to 0.03% by weight of and the - *: this is essentially Pb, is preferred in particular. In summary, the accelerated corrosion rate at high temperature in a battery coupling connection SLl, made from an alloy which is based on lead containing about 3% by weight of antimony, depends mainly on the% by weight of tin in alloy with the proportion of arsenic to tin in the alloy. Tin content has a major effect on stress cracking, and its content should therefore be kept as low as possible. The sic is required to be as high as possible from the point of view of avoiding corrosion, but is limited for health and safety reasons; an upper limit of about 0.3% by weight of As for all the range of arsenic described above is preferred for these reasons. SLl automotive batteries are well known. Said batteries include a container, generally of molded polypropylene, having a plurality of cells and an electrolyte of sulfuric acid contained in the cell. Each cell has a plurality of positive and negative electrodes disposed therein, comprising a grid support structure having a layer of lead active material connected thereto, with spacers interposed between pairs of positive and negative plates. Lead alloy coupling connections that run over the top of the battery plates stacked in each cell, connect the electrodes together -positive and negative perspectives. The coupling connection includes a connection between cells, this is like a portion that penetrates or extends over the division between the cells to connect the cells in series. In a sealed or recombinant acid-lead battery, the oxygen and hydrogen gases generated as a result of the electro-chemical reactions are recombined during cycling to avoid loss of electrolytes. In an improved SLl battery according to the invention, particularly a recombinant lead-acid battery, the coupling connections are formed from one of the above lead-based alloys, which essentially consist of antimony, tin, arsenic and selenium. The general nature of the invention has been established, the following examples are presented as illustrations thereof. It will be understood that the invention is not limited to these specific examples, but is susceptible to various modifications that will be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art. EXAMPLES An experiment is constructed to evaluate cracking by welding stress and corrosion of alloy based on an accelerated corrosion test. The center-center composite design contains 4 factors (antimony, arsenic, tin and selenium) at 3 levels. The ranges of elements were: antimony (2.50% to 3.50%), arsenic (0.025% to 0.325%), tin ^, (0.025% to 0.325%) and selenium (0 to 0.032%). 31 alloys were prepared having the compositions set forth in the alloy table below. Three replicates of each alloy were prepared for the corrosion test, allowing samples to be removed from the test attachment at 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Additional welder samples were prepared for mechanical testing and metallography. An alloy of the prior comparative technique is included as a standard. This alloy contains about 3% by weight of antimony, 0.125% by weight of arsenic, 0.275% by weight of tin, 0.05% by weight of copper, and 0.0055% by weight of sulfur. Samples of the test alloys were submitted for tensile and impact test. An accelerated corrosion test was carried out as follows. According to well-known molding methods, samples of each lead alloy were heated to a temperature in the range of 454 to 510 ° C (850 to 950 ° F) and molded by gravity in a mold. The molded battery coupling connections were welded together through a hole in a polypropylene gap. The resulting strip weld assemblies were cycled at 76.7 ° C (170 ° F) in a sulfuric acid electrolyte and examined periodically for evidence of corrosion. The selected temperature of 76.7 ° C (170 ° F) is higher than the normal temperatures under the hood and thus provides an accelerated aging test that co-relates well with the battery life in current use. ~ Micro-photography were prepared for initial samples and samples were removed from corrosion accessories at 4, 6 and 8 weeks. A classification system was determined using one point for every 2 full weeks without stress cracking. A sample that corroded and failed within the first week received a value of one. After two weeks it was rated as 2, after four weeks it was rated as 3, after 6 weeks it was rated as 4, in a sample that completed 8 weeks under the conditions of intact test it was assigned a value of '* -. Samples were scored by visual inspection of corrosion. Welders who completed each period of corrosion without complete cracking were given full credit for that period. The compositions and sample results were as follows (NM = not measured): ALLOY TABLE Sample Sb Ar Sn Se Range Stress Resistance to Impact Traction 1 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.016 4.6 99 111 2 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.032 5 267 276 3 2.75 0.100 0.100 0.008 3.5 NM 73.5 4 3.25 0.250 0.250 0.024 4.1 84 81 3.00 0.175 0.325 0.016 1 147 116 ^ 6 3.25 0.250 0.250 0.008 3.5 80 82 7 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.016 5 95 116 8 2.75 0.100 0.250 0.024 1.8 271 271 9 2.75 0.100 0.250 0.008 1.5 81 57 10 3.00 0.175 0.025 0.016 4.2 198 176 11 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.016 5 113 119 12 2.75 0.250 0.250 0.024 3.5 90 105 13 2.75 0.250 0.250 0.008 2 73 83 14 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.000 1.6 20 20 3.25 0.100 0.250 0.024 2 282 205 16 2.75 0.100 0.100 0.024 4.7 238 225 17 2.50 0.175 0.175 0.016 1 76 65 18 3.25 0.100 0.250 0.008 1 81 65 19 2.75 0.250 0.100 0.008 5 73 84 3.25 0.100 0.100 0.024 5 160 143 21 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.016 5 119 134 ALLOY CHART tT stra Sb Ar Sn Se Range Tension Resistance to Impact Traction 22 3.00 0.025 0.175 0.016 3 NM 146 23 3.25 0.250 0.100 0.024 4.8 128 112 24 2.75 0.250 0.100 0.024 4.7 92 110 25 3.00 0.325 0.175 0.016 4.9 136 167 26 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.016 4.9 147 124 - 27 3.25 0.250 0.100 0.008 4.8 81 81 28 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.016 4.8 143 124 29 3.50 0.175 0.175 0.016 5 119 168 30 3.00 0.175 0.175 0.016 4.8 97 137 31 3.25 0.100 0.100 0.008 4.8 80 82 The standard weld using the known alloy was rated 3.3 out of 5. This compares favorably with a selenium alloy with the same antimony composition, "arsenic and tin. general trend indicates that selenium alloys produce more surface corrosion than refined sulfur-based alloys in larger grains, and rely heavily on the tin and arsenic content to resist stress cracking. The results of this test are used to produce a model that fits the data. Figures 1 to 4 were prepared using the test data to finish the effects of varying each of the alloy components within the range of the experiment. Figure 1 shows that with tin and selenium that remain constant at appropriate levels, antimony provides maximum corrosion resistance at a level slightly above 3% by weight, particularly from 3.05 to 3. 15% by weight. However, depending on the content of the other ingredients and particularly when the arsenic content was relatively high (0.2% by weight or more) an antimony content below 3% by weight also produces higher results. All samples tested were comparable to or better than the corrosion rating of the conventional alloy. Figure 2 shows that the tin content has the greatest effect on corrosion. Larger amounts of tin dramatically reduce corrosion resistance, but the effect can be greatly moderated by increasing the level of arsenic. - Figure 3 again shows that antimony provides maximum resistance to corrosion at a level slightly above 3% by weight. Selenium additions increase the corrosion resistance to a maximum that is reached between 0.021 and 0.022% by weight, with a slight evident slope to 0.024% by weight of Se. Figure 4 shows the dramatic effect of increasing the tin content as a reduction in corrosion resistance and the corrosion resistance improving effects - "Hl selenium up to 0.020-0.022% by weight of Se. Increases in selenium were not as effective as increases in arsenic to reduce the corrosive effect of tin.In total, the test results as illustrated in Figures 1 to 4 indicate that arsenic and selenium have a positive effect on corrosion resistance, ie increase the The content of either or both elements increases the resistance to corrosion more or less linearly.For elecampane, the effect is seen from 0 to a maximum of 0.02% by weight of selenium, and for arsenic there seems to be no upper limit to the effect. Antimony also increases the corrosion resistance to a maximum just over 3% by weight of Sb. Tin on the other hand, reduces corrosion at a faster rate Linear effects were also noted for arsenic and selenium with respect to tensile strength and impact. Little ones • '"" Increases in selenium content resulted in large increases in resistance to impact and traction. For selenium, the largest increases occur for selenium contents exceeding 0.02% by weight, particularly 0.024 to 0.032% by weight Se. In contrast, larger amounts of arsenic (0.25% by weight or more) reduced impact and tensile strength even when selenium levels were high.

It will be understood that the foregoing description is of preferred exemplary properties of the invention, and that the invention is not limited to the specific forms illustrated, modifications to the specific illustrations described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as expressed. in the appended claims.

Claims (19)

1. CLAIMS '- "*' - 1. - Coupling connection for molded battery "for a lead-acid battery, this coupling connection from a lead-based alloy, characterized in that the lead-based alloy consists essentially of approximately 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, approximately 0. 01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, approximately 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of tin, approximately 0.008 to 0.1% by weight of selenium and the rest lead, and further characterized by the content of, * 1 minus one of arsenic, tin and Selenium is within the following ranges: at about 0.075 to 0.5 wt% tin, at about 0.1 to 0.5 wt% arsenic, and about 0.021 at 0.1 wt% selenium. 2. Coupling connection according to claim 1, further characterized in that the lead-based alloy essentially consists of about 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of "" arsenic, approximately 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of tin, and approximately 0.008 to 0.1% by weight of selenium, the rest is lead. 3. Coupling connection according to claim 2, further characterized in that the lead-based alloy essentially consists of approximately
2. 2.75 to
3. 3.25% by weight of antimony, approximately 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, approximately 0.1 to 0.25% by weight. tin weight, and approximately 0.008 to 0.03% by weight of selenium, the rest is -glomo.
4. 4. Coupling connection according to claim 2, characterized in that the tin content is 0.2% by weight or higher, and the arsenic content is at least approximately equal to the tin content.
5. 5. Coupling connection according to claim 2, characterized in that the content of tin is 0.2% by weight or more, and the arsenic content is greater than the tin content by an amount of at least 0.02% in t > that additional arsenic per 0.01 wt% tin about 0.2 wt%.
6. 6. Coupling connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the lead-based alloy consists essentially of about 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, about 0.075 to 0.2% by weight of tin and / -approximately 0.08 to 0.1% by weight of selenium and the rest is lead.
7. 7. Coupling connection according to claim 6, characterized in that the lead-based alloy consists essentially of approximately 2.75 to 3.25% by weight of antimony, approximately 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, approximately 0.1 to 0.2% by weight of tin and approximately 0.008 to 0.03% by weight of selenium and the rest is ^ • loin.
8. 8. Coupling connection according to claim 1, characterized in that the lead-based alloy consists essentially of approximately 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, approximately 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, approximately 0.04 to 0.5% by weight of tin and approximately 0.008 to 0.01% by weight of selenium and the rest is lead. ?
9. 9. Coupling connection according to claim 8, characterized in that the lead-based alloy consists essentially of about 2.75 to 3.25% by weight of antimony, about 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, about 0.1 to 0.25% by weight of tin and approximately 0.008 to 0.03% by weight of selenium and the rest is lead.
10. 10. - Coupling connection in accordance with the It is characterized in that the lead-based alloy consists essentially of about 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of tin and about 0.021 to 0.1% by weight of selenium and the rest is lead.
11. 11. - Coupling connection in accordance with claim 10, characterized in that the lead-based alloy contains approximately 0.021 to 0.03% by weight of selenium.
12. 12. Coupling connection according to claim 10, characterized in that the lead-based alloy contains approximately 0.021 to 0.024% by weight of selenium.
13. 13. Coupling connection according to claim 10, characterized in that the jolome-based alloy consists essentially of approximately 2.75 to 3.25% by weight of antimony, approximately 0.01 to 0.3% by weight of arsenic, approximately 0.01 to 0.25% by weight of tin and approximately 0.021 to 0.03% by weight of selenium, the rest is lead.
14. 14. Coupling connection according to claim 13, characterized in that the lead-based alloy contains approximately 0.1 to 0.3% by weight of arsenic and "-approximately 0.1 to 0.25% by weight of tin."
15. 15. - A connector between cells for a lead-acid battery made from a lead-based alloy, characterized in that it comprises the alloy essentially consists of about 2.5 to 3.5% by weight of antimony, about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight tin weight, approximately 0.008 to 0.1% by weight of selenium and the rest is lead, and further characterized because the content of at least one of arsenic, tin and selenium are within the following ranges: approximately 0.075 to 0.5% by weight of tin, approximately 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, and approximately 0.021 to 0.03% by weight of selenium
16. 16. - Connector between cells according to claim 15, further acted because the lead-based alloy essentially consists of from about 2.75 to 3.25% by weight of antimony about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of arsenic, about 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of tin, about 0.008 to 0.03% by weight of selenium and the rest is iJlomo, and also characterized because the amount of arsenic is at least as large as the amount of tin.
17. 17. - Connector between cells according to claim 16, further characterized in that the lead-based alloy contains approximately 0.1% to 0.3% by weight of arsenic and approximately 0.1 to 0.25% by weight of tin.
18. 18. - Connector between cells according to claim 15, further characterized in that the lead-based alloy contains approximately 0.021 to 0.03% by weight of selenium.
19. 19.- Connector between cells according to claim 15, further characterized in that the lead-based alloy contains approximately 0.075 to 0.2% by weight of tin.